CN117663100A - Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof - Google Patents

Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117663100A
CN117663100A CN202311608772.9A CN202311608772A CN117663100A CN 117663100 A CN117663100 A CN 117663100A CN 202311608772 A CN202311608772 A CN 202311608772A CN 117663100 A CN117663100 A CN 117663100A
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China
Prior art keywords
hearth
flue
water
section
wall
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CN202311608772.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘宇钢
熊鹏
王婷
刘毅
潘绍成
莫春鸿
李维成
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boilers and discloses a segmented tower type secondary reheating boiler of a hearth and a temperature adjusting method thereof, wherein the hearth of the boiler is arranged in a segmented mode, a lower spiral section water-cooling wall and an upper vertical section water-cooling wall which are connected from bottom to top are surrounded outside the hearth of the boiler, and the section size of the hearth surrounded by the lower spiral section water-cooling wall is D1 xW; the section of the hearth surrounded by the upper vertical section water-cooled wall is a variable section; wherein D1 represents the depth of the hearth section formed by the lower spiral section water-cooled wall in a surrounding manner, W represents the width of the hearth section formed by the lower spiral section water-cooled wall in a surrounding manner, and the variable section refers to that the section size is not unique in the hearth height direction. The invention solves the problems of large ash risk in the heated area, high maintenance cost and the like in the prior art.

Description

Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a tower type secondary reheating boiler with a segmented hearth and a temperature adjusting method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous iterative upgrade of the thermal power unit parameters, the efficient ultra-supercritical parameters become the first choice of the current 660-1000 MW-level high-capacity unit. The boiler is used as one of the main equipment of the high-efficiency ultra-supercritical thermal power generating unit, and two boiler types, namely a pi-type boiler and a tower-type boiler, are mainly adopted at present. Tower boilers are increasingly being used in some limited-space projects due to the small footprint.
The prior art has the following problems:
the heating surfaces of the tower type boiler are horizontally arranged on the first flue at the hearth outlet, the flue size is consistent with the hearth size, and a segmentation mode is not adopted, as shown in fig. 1.
1. Considering the adaptability of the coal quality of the boiler to be enlarged and considering the coal types with low ash fusion point and easy slagging, the larger size of the boiler hearth can be selected to reduce the heat load of the hearth so as to prevent slagging. However, as the size of the hearth is increased, the size of the hearth outlet flue is increased, and the problems of increased heating surface area, increased smoke flow cross section, reduced smoke flow speed, increased ash risk of the heating surface area and the like are caused. Especially, the current deep peak regulation times of the thermal power generating unit are more and more, the smoke speed is lower under low load, the heating surface is easier to accumulate ash, and along with load fluctuation, the ash layer of the heating area can collapse in a large area, so that the boiler fire is detected to flicker, lose and even trigger the Main Fuel Trip (MFT) of the boiler, and the safety and the stable operation of the boiler are affected.
2. The existing double reheating tower type boiler basically adopts a flue gas recirculation as a main temperature regulation mode, namely, the reheating steam temperature is regulated by regulating the amount of flue gas sent into a hearth by a flue gas recirculation fan, and general flue gas is pumped out from an inlet of an air preheater and sent into the hearth by the recirculation fan, and is particularly shown in fig. 2.
The flue gas recirculation is used as a main temperature regulation mode, so that station service electricity can be increased during operation, the economy is low, the abrasion condition of a recirculation fan cannot be avoided, the reliability is poor, long-term maintenance is required, and the cost is high; as the boiler load decreases, the proportion of recirculated flue gas will gradually increase, and low load operation will have some effect on combustion.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a segmented hearth tower type secondary reheating boiler and a temperature regulating method thereof, which solve the problems of large ash risk in the heated area, high maintenance cost and the like in the prior art.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme:
the hearth of the boiler adopts sectional arrangement, a lower spiral section water-cooling wall and an upper vertical section water-cooling wall which are connected from bottom to top are surrounded outside the hearth of the boiler, and the section size of the hearth surrounded by the lower spiral section water-cooling wall is D1×W; the section of the hearth surrounded by the upper vertical section water-cooled wall is a variable section; wherein D1 represents the depth of the hearth section formed by the lower spiral section water-cooled wall in a surrounding manner, W represents the width of the hearth section formed by the lower spiral section water-cooled wall in a surrounding manner, and the variable section refers to that the section size is not unique in the hearth height direction.
As a preferable technical scheme, the variable cross-section mode is as follows: the rear wall water-cooling wall is divided into a first rear wall vertical section water-cooling wall, a rear wall transition area water-cooling wall and a second rear wall vertical section water-cooling wall from bottom to top in the height direction of the hearth, and the rear wall transition area water-cooling wall is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is alpha.
As a preferable technical scheme, the ratio of the flue sectional area of the heating surface to the hearth sectional area is 0.7-0.85.
As a preferable technical scheme, the alpha range is 30-45 degrees.
As a preferable technical scheme, the cross section size of the lower part of the water-cooled wall of the transition area of the rear wall is consistent with that of a hearth, and the cross section size of an outlet flue of the hearth at the upper part of the water-cooled wall of the transition area of the rear wall is D2 xW; wherein D2 represents the section depth of the outlet flue of the hearth at the upper part of the water-cooled wall of the transition zone of the rear wall.
As a preferable technical scheme, a primary superheater, a tertiary superheater, a primary high-temperature reheater and a secondary high-temperature reheater which are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction are arranged in the upper vertical section water-cooled wall.
As a preferable technical scheme, the device further comprises a partition wall, wherein the partition wall divides a hearth outlet flue at the upper part of the water-cooled wall of the transition region of the rear wall into a left flue, a middle flue and a right flue in the width direction, a secondary superheater and a left economizer are sequentially arranged in the left flue from bottom to top, a primary low-temperature reheater and a middle economizer are sequentially arranged in the middle flue from bottom to top, and a secondary low-temperature reheater and a right economizer are sequentially arranged in the right flue from bottom to top.
As a preferable technical scheme, the left baffle is arranged at the outlet of the left flue, the right baffle is arranged at the outlet of the right flue of the middle baffle is arranged at the outlet of the middle flue, and the left baffle, the middle baffle and the right baffle are used for controlling the flue gas quantity flowing through the corresponding flue by controlling the opening degree of the baffles.
A temperature regulating method of a tower type secondary reheating boiler with a segmented hearth is characterized in that the tower type secondary reheating boiler with the segmented hearth is used, and the opening degrees of a left baffle plate, a middle baffle plate and a right baffle plate are controlled to control the flue gas quantity flowing through corresponding flues.
As a preferable technical scheme, when the temperature is regulated, a left baffle plate is fixed, the average value of the primary reheating steam temperature and the secondary reheating steam temperature is regulated by a right baffle plate, and then the deviation between the primary reheating steam temperature and the secondary reheating steam temperature is regulated by a middle baffle plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Aiming at the secondary reheating project, the invention adopts a three-flue baffle temperature adjustment mode, so that the investment of a flue gas recirculation system can be saved, the problems of abrasion, long-term maintenance and the like of a recirculation fan are avoided, the station power consumption is reduced, and the running economy of a unit is improved;
(2) The invention provides a variable cross-section arrangement mode of a hearth outlet flue of a tower type boiler, wherein the hearth and a heating surface flue adopt different cross-section sizes, the hearth size is larger, the heat load of the hearth can be reduced, and slag bonding is prevented; the flue of the heating surface is smaller, so that the smoke speed and the flow speed of the heating surface can be improved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heating surface area is reduced, the ash risk of the heating surface is reduced, the smoke speed is improved, the ash of the heating surface is reduced, and the problems that the fire detection is lost and even the MFT affects the safe operation of the boiler due to low-load ash collapse can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art tower boiler;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas recirculation attemperation mode of a prior art tower boiler;
FIG. 3 is a general layout of the boiler of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention divided into three flues in the width direction;
FIG. 5 is a view of the thermal head arrangement in three flues of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view of the flue outlet baffle arrangement of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings and their corresponding names: 1. the lower spiral section water cooling wall, 2, the upper vertical section water cooling wall, 3, a primary superheater, 4, a tertiary superheater, 5, a primary high temperature reheater, 6, a secondary high temperature reheater, 7, a secondary superheater, 8, a primary low temperature reheater, 9, a secondary low temperature reheater, 12, a partition wall, 21, a first rear wall vertical section water cooling wall, 22, a rear wall transition zone water cooling wall, 23, a second rear wall vertical section water cooling wall, 101, a left economizer, 102, a middle economizer, 103, a right economizer, 111, a left baffle, 112, a middle baffle, 113 and a right baffle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, in order to solve the first problem in the background art, the invention provides a variable-section arrangement mode of a furnace outlet flue of a tower boiler, which can improve the smoke velocity and flow rate of a heating surface, improve the heat exchange efficiency, reduce the area of the heating surface and reduce the ash risk of the heating area.
In order to solve the second problem in the background technology, the invention also provides a three-flue baffle temperature regulating mode for the secondary reheating tower type boiler, compared with a flue gas recirculation temperature regulating mode, the investment of a flue gas recirculation system can be saved, the problems of abrasion, long-term maintenance and the like of a recirculation fan are avoided, the station power consumption is reduced, and the running economy of a unit is improved.
The solution to the problem is: for the double reheating tower type boiler, a temperature regulation mode basically adopts a smoke recycling and double flue regulation baffle, firstly, the temperature of the primary and secondary reheating steam is regulated together as a whole through smoke recycling, and when the average steam temperature of the primary and secondary reheating reaches a rated value, the balance of the heat absorption quantity of the primary and secondary reheating is regulated by using the smoke baffle. The flue gas recirculation is used as a main temperature regulation mode, so that station service electricity can be increased during operation, the economy is low, the abrasion condition of a recirculation fan cannot be avoided, the reliability is poor, long-term maintenance is required, and the cost is high; as the boiler load decreases, the proportion of recirculated flue gas will gradually increase, and low load operation will have some effect on combustion.
Solving the second problem: the flue size of the heating surface of the existing tower boiler is consistent with the size of a hearth, and when the size of the hearth is increased, the flue size of the heating surface is increased, the area of the heating surface is increased, the smoke flow cross section is increased, the smoke flow rate is reduced, and the ash risk of the heating area is increased.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a variable cross-section arrangement mode of a furnace outlet flue of a tower boiler and a three-flue baffle temperature regulation mode for a double reheating tower boiler.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6:
1. the hearth of the boiler body is formed by surrounding a lower spiral section water-cooling wall 1 and an upper vertical section water-cooling wall 2 in a sectional manner, wherein the section size of the hearth formed by surrounding the lower spiral section water-cooling wall 1 is D1 (depth) x W (width); the furnace outlet flue surrounded by the upper vertical section water-cooled wall 2 is of a variable cross section. Variable cross section mode: the back wall water-cooling wall is divided into a first back wall vertical section water-cooling wall 21, a back wall transition area water-cooling wall 22 and a second back wall vertical section water-cooling wall 23 in the height direction, and the back wall transition area water-cooling wall 22 is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is alpha. The cross section size of the lower part of the water-cooled wall 22 in the transition area of the rear wall is consistent with that of a hearth, and the cross section size of an outlet flue of the upper part of the water-cooled wall 22 in the transition area of the rear wall is D2 (depth) multiplied by W (width), namely, compared with the cross section size of the hearth, the width size is unchanged, and the depth size is reduced.
2. The heating surfaces are horizontally arranged in a hearth outlet flue (the cross section dimension D2 XW), a primary superheater 3, a tertiary superheater 4, a primary high-temperature reheater 5 and a secondary high-temperature reheater 6 are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction, and then the flue is divided into a left flue, a middle flue and a right flue (the detailed direction P) by a partition wall 12 in the width direction, namely the partition wall 12 divides the hearth outlet flue (the flue after the secondary high-temperature reheater 6) at the upper part of a water-cooled wall 22 of a transition zone of the rear wall into a left flue, a middle flue and a right flue in the width direction; the secondary superheater 7 and the left economizer 101 are sequentially arranged in the left flue, the primary low-temperature reheater 8 and the middle economizer 102 are sequentially arranged in the middle flue, and the secondary low-temperature reheater 9 and the right economizer 103 are sequentially arranged in the right flue. The flue is divided in the width direction, so that the arrangement of connecting pipes between the heating surface through-wall and the header is more convenient. It should be noted that: fig. 5 illustrates only one case, and the three flues may be combined in other arrangements or with other heating surfaces.
3. Each flue outlet is respectively provided with a flue gas regulating baffle (a left baffle 111, a middle baffle 112 and a right baffle 113), and the quantity of flue gas flowing through three flues is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the flue gas baffles, so that the temperature of the steam outlet of the reheater is controlled. And during temperature adjustment, a secondary low-temperature reheater side flue gas baffle is relatively fixed, the average value of the primary reheating and the secondary reheating steam temperature is adjusted by the secondary superheater side flue gas baffle (namely a right baffle 113), and the deviation between the primary reheating and the secondary reheating steam temperature is adjusted by the primary low-temperature reheater side flue gas baffle.
4. The flue at the tail part of the hearth outlet is sequentially provided with a denitration device, a grading economizer and an air preheater.
Example 2
As further optimization of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, this embodiment further includes the following technical features on the basis of embodiment 1:
1. the hearth of the boiler body is formed by surrounding a lower spiral section water-cooling wall 1 and an upper vertical section water-cooling wall 2 in a sectional manner, wherein the section size of the hearth formed by surrounding the lower spiral section water-cooling wall 1 is D1 (depth) x W (width); the furnace outlet flue surrounded by the upper vertical section water-cooled wall 2 is of a variable cross section. Variable cross section mode: the back wall water-cooling wall is divided into a first back wall vertical section water-cooling wall 21, a back wall transition area water-cooling wall 22 and a second back wall vertical section water-cooling wall 23 in the height direction, and the back wall transition area water-cooling wall 22 is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is alpha. The cross section size of the lower part of the water-cooled wall 22 in the transition area of the rear wall is consistent with that of a hearth, and the cross section size of an outlet flue of the upper part of the water-cooled wall 22 in the transition area of the rear wall is D2 (depth) multiplied by W (width), namely, compared with the cross section size of the hearth, the width size is unchanged, and the depth size is reduced.
2. The ratio of the flue sectional area of the heating surface to the hearth sectional area is 0.7-0.85, and the inclination angle of the water-cooled wall 22 of the rear wall transition area is 30-45 degrees.
3. By taking 660MW grade boiler as an example, after adopting variable cross-section arrangement, the smoke speed of the heating surface can be increased from 8-9 m/s to 12-14 m/s, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the area of the heating surface can be reduced by about 25% under the same heat exchange quantity.
4. After the flue gas flows through the secondary high-temperature reheater 6, the flue is divided into a left flue, a middle flue and a right flue by partition walls 12 in the width direction, flue gas regulating baffles (a left baffle 111, a middle baffle 112 and a right baffle 113) are respectively arranged at the outlet of each flue, and the amount of the flue gas flowing through the three flues is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the flue gas baffles, so that the temperature of the steam outlet of the reheater is controlled.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented.
All of the features disclosed in all of the embodiments of this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process disclosed implicitly, except for the mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined and/or expanded and substituted in any way.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The tower type secondary reheating boiler with the segmented hearth is characterized in that the hearth of the boiler is arranged in a segmented mode, a lower spiral section water-cooling wall (1) and an upper vertical section water-cooling wall (2) which are connected from bottom to top are surrounded outside the hearth of the boiler, and the section size of the hearth surrounded by the lower spiral section water-cooling wall (1) is D1 xW; the section of the hearth surrounded by the upper vertical section water-cooled wall (2) is a variable section; wherein D1 represents the depth of a hearth section formed by surrounding the lower spiral section water-cooled wall (1), W represents the width of the hearth section formed by surrounding the lower spiral section water-cooled wall (1), and the variable section refers to that the section size is not unique in the hearth height direction.
2. The furnace segmented tower type secondary reheat boiler according to claim 1, wherein the variable cross-section mode is: the rear wall water-cooling wall is divided into a first rear wall vertical section water-cooling wall (21), a rear wall transition area water-cooling wall (22) and a second rear wall vertical section water-cooling wall (23) from bottom to top in the height direction of the hearth, and the rear wall transition area water-cooling wall (22) is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is alpha.
3. The segmented hearth tower type secondary reheat boiler of claim 2, wherein the ratio of the heating surface flue sectional area to the hearth sectional area is 0.7 to 0.85.
4. A furnace segmented tower secondary reheat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that α ranges from 30 ° to 45 °.
5. The hearth-segmented tower-type secondary reheat boiler according to claim 4, wherein the cross-sectional dimension of the lower part of the rear wall transition zone water-cooled wall (22) is identical to that of the hearth, and the cross-sectional dimension of the outlet flue of the upper part of the rear wall transition zone water-cooled wall (22) is D2×W; wherein D2 represents the section depth of the outlet flue of the hearth at the upper part of the water-cooled wall (22) of the rear wall transition zone.
6. The tower type secondary reheating boiler with the segmented hearth according to claim 5, wherein a primary superheater (3), a tertiary superheater (4), a primary high-temperature reheater (5) and a secondary high-temperature reheater (6) which are sequentially arranged along the flue gas flow direction are arranged in the upper vertical section water cooling wall (2).
7. The tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth according to any one of claims 2 to 6, further comprising a partition wall (12), wherein the partition wall (12) divides an upper hearth outlet flue of a water-cooled wall (22) of the rear wall transition zone into three flues of a left flue, a middle flue and a right flue in the width direction, the secondary superheater (7) and the left economizer (101) are sequentially arranged in the left flue from bottom to top, the primary low-temperature reheater (8) and the middle economizer (102) are sequentially arranged in the middle flue from bottom to top, and the secondary low-temperature reheater (9) and the right economizer (103) are sequentially arranged in the right flue from bottom to top.
8. The tower type double reheat boiler with segmented hearth according to claim 7, characterized in that the left baffle (111) is arranged at the outlet of the left flue, the right baffle (113) is arranged at the outlet of the right flue, which is provided with the middle baffle (112), and the left baffle (111), the middle baffle (112) and the right baffle (113) are used for controlling the flue gas amount flowing through the corresponding flue by controlling the opening degree of the baffles.
9. A temperature regulating method of a hearth-segmented tower-type secondary reheating boiler, characterized in that the hearth-segmented tower-type secondary reheating boiler is used, and the flue gas quantity flowing through corresponding flues is controlled by controlling the opening degrees of a left baffle (111), a middle baffle (112) and a right baffle (113).
10. The method for controlling the temperature of a tower type double reheat boiler having a segmented furnace according to claim 9, wherein a left baffle plate (111) is fixed during the temperature control, an average value of the double reheat steam temperature is controlled by a right baffle plate (113), and a deviation between the double reheat steam temperature and the single reheat steam temperature is controlled by a middle baffle plate (112).
CN202311608772.9A 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof Pending CN117663100A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311608772.9A CN117663100A (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311608772.9A CN117663100A (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117663100A true CN117663100A (en) 2024-03-08

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CN202311608772.9A Pending CN117663100A (en) 2023-11-27 2023-11-27 Tower type secondary reheating boiler with segmented hearth and temperature adjusting method thereof

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