CN117662340A - Injector valve seat, method for producing an injector valve seat, injector, and vehicle - Google Patents
Injector valve seat, method for producing an injector valve seat, injector, and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN117662340A CN117662340A CN202311568124.5A CN202311568124A CN117662340A CN 117662340 A CN117662340 A CN 117662340A CN 202311568124 A CN202311568124 A CN 202311568124A CN 117662340 A CN117662340 A CN 117662340A
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- Prior art keywords
- valve seat
- ejector
- injector
- orifice
- inlet
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical group N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 111
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 58
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 58
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0073—Degasification of liquids by a method not covered by groups B01D19/0005 - B01D19/0042
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an ejector valve seat, a preparation method of the ejector valve seat, an ejector and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles, wherein a spray hole is formed in the ejector valve seat, and the cross-sectional area of the spray hole is gradually decreased from a spray hole inlet to a spray hole outlet; the orifice inlet of the orifice is a round angle. The technical problem of abnormal fuel injection of the direct methanol injection injector in the related art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an ejector valve seat, a preparation method of the ejector valve seat, an ejector and a vehicle.
Background
At present, a methanol automobile adopts an intake manifold multipoint injection technical scheme, and the scheme has low methanol injection pressure and poor atomization, so that poor fuel economy and emission are caused. As the requirements of users for economy become higher and emissions regulations become stricter, technological innovations in methanol supply systems are becoming more urgent. The in-cylinder direct injection technology is verified in the field of gasoline engines, and has obvious effects of economy and emission improvement. Therefore, the direct injection methanol engine in the cylinder is also a technical route with great development prospect.
However, in a high-temperature high-pressure working environment, due to the physical and chemical characteristics of methanol, the methanol fuel is easy to generate bubbles in the injection process of the injector, and the bubbles generate microjet and impact force in the breaking process, so that the surface characteristics of the injection hole of the injector can be damaged, and the injection of the injector is abnormal.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the application is to provide an ejector valve seat, a preparation method of the ejector valve seat, an ejector and a vehicle, and aims to solve the technical problem of abnormal oil injection of a methanol direct injection ejector in the related art.
To achieve the above object, the present application provides an ejector valve seat.
Optionally, the spray hole is conical, and the cone angle of the spray hole is 2-15 degrees.
Optionally, the radius of the round angle is 0.003-0.02 mm.
Optionally, the hardness of the skin of the ejector valve seat is 700-1500HV, wherein the thickness of the skin is 0.02-0.5mm.
The application also provides a preparation method of the ejector valve seat, which is applied to preparing the ejector valve seat, and comprises the following steps of:
providing an ejector valve seat to be machined;
machining the spray hole on a workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat;
and processing the round angle at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the ejector valve seat.
Optionally, the step of machining the nozzle hole on the workpiece to be machined on the ejector valve seat includes:
machining the spray hole on the workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat through laser drilling equipment, wherein machining conditions of the spray hole comprise: the laser power is 0.8-1.5 kW, the repetition frequency is 7-10 kHz, the defocusing amount is-350-450 mu m, the scanning speed is 0.01-0.02mm/s, and the scanning times are 15-25 times.
Optionally, the step of machining the rounded corner at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the injector valve seat includes:
and (3) using polishing liquid to impact the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole, and forming a round angle at the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole to obtain the ejector valve seat.
Optionally, the polishing liquid comprises silicone rubber, lubricating liquid, silicon carbide particles and an anti-sticking agent.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the silicon rubber in the polishing liquid is 30% -40%;
and/or the mass ratio of the lubricating liquid in the polishing liquid is 20-30%;
and/or the mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles in the polishing liquid is 35-45%.
Optionally, the step of machining the rounded corner at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the injector valve seat includes:
processing the round angle at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the ejector valve seat intermediate piece;
installing a shielding tool on a surface to be welded of the ejector valve seat middle piece;
nitriding treatment is carried out on the ejector valve seat intermediate piece provided with the shielding tool, and the ejector valve seat is obtained.
Optionally, the processing conditions of the nitriding treatment include: the nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the nitriding temperature is less than or equal to 460 ℃, the nitriding time is greater than or equal to 150h, the nitriding thickness is 0.02-0.5mm, and the deformation of the ejector valve seat before and after nitriding treatment is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
The present application also provides an injector comprising an injector valve seat as described above.
The present application also provides a vehicle comprising an injector as described above.
The application provides an ejector valve seat, a preparation method of the ejector valve seat, an ejector and a vehicle, wherein a spray hole is formed in the ejector valve seat, and the cross section area of the spray hole is gradually decreased from a spray hole inlet to a spray hole outlet; the orifice inlet of the orifice is a round angle. Before the injector injects fuel, the spray hole on the injector valve seat is not communicated with the injector cavity in the injector, when the fuel is injected, the spray hole is communicated with the injector cavity, the fuel enters the spray hole in a smaller space from the injector cavity in a larger space, the air pressure at the inlet of the spray hole rises suddenly, and when the fuel is methanol fuel, the methanol fuel easily generates bubbles at the inlet of the spray hole and is accompanied by the collapse of the bubbles, and the collapse of the bubbles can enable the inlet of the spray hole to receive impact force to destroy the surface characteristics at the inlet of the spray hole. According to the method, the cross section area of the spray hole is reduced from the spray hole inlet to the spray hole outlet, so that the effect of dispersing pressure can be achieved, the fuel is gradually pressurized in the process of passing through the spray hole, and sudden changes of air pressure at the spray hole inlet are avoided; meanwhile, the pressure at the jet orifice inlet can be further dispersed by rounding the jet orifice inlet of the jet orifice, so that the sudden change of the air pressure when fuel enters the jet orifice from the injector cavity is slowed down. Therefore, the fuel can smoothly enter the spray hole and be sprayed out through the spray hole, and even if methanol fuel is adopted, the generation and the breaking of bubbles at the inlet of the spray hole can be reduced, so that the damage at the inlet of the spray hole is reduced, and the abnormal condition of oil injection caused by the damage at the inlet of the spray hole is reduced. Therefore, the technical problem of abnormal oil injection of the methanol direct injection injector in the related technology is solved, the durability of the injector can be effectively improved, and the service life of the injector is prolonged. And through 6 hundred million times of tests of durability of the ejector monomers and a bench durability test of the engine for 800 hours, cavitation fault phenomenon does not occur in the spray holes, and the performance of the ejector valve seat provided by the application meets the design requirement and meets the use requirement.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an injector valve seat of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of cavitation generated in an orifice according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fillet in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the construction of one possible embodiment of an injector valve seat of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which cavitation does not occur in the nozzle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of one embodiment of a method of making an injector valve seat of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a scene of installing a shielding tool in an embodiment of the application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name of the name | Reference numerals | Name of the name |
| 10 | Ejector valve seat | 20 | Shielding tool |
| 11 | Spray hole | 12 | Large jet orifice |
| 111 | Nozzle inlet | 112 | Nozzle outlet |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description of the embodiments accompanied with the accompanying drawings will be given in detail. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In an embodiment of the injector valve seat of the present application, referring to fig. 1, an injection hole 11 is formed on the injector valve seat 10, and a cross-sectional area of the injection hole 11 decreases from an injection hole inlet 111 to an injection hole outlet 112;
the nozzle 10 is rounded at the nozzle inlet 111 and/or the nozzle outlet 112.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that, because the raw materials of methanol are widely available, such as coal, natural gas and biomass, it is possible to use the methanol in industrialization; in addition, methanol is a high oxygen-containing fuel, has high combustion speed and wide ignition limit, and generates no carbon smoke after combustion, so that the methanol is a carbon neutral fuel with wide development prospect. Methanol fuels are becoming increasingly important in the field of vehicular and marine internal combustion engines. At present, a methanol automobile adopts an intake manifold multipoint injection technical scheme, and the scheme has low methanol injection pressure and poor atomization, so that poor fuel economy and emission are caused. As the requirements of users for economy become higher and emissions regulations become stricter, technological innovations in methanol supply systems are becoming more urgent. The in-cylinder direct injection technology is verified in the field of gasoline engines, and has obvious effects of economy and emission improvement. Therefore, the direct injection methanol engine in the cylinder is also a technical route with great development prospect.
However, the direct injection injector in the methanol cylinder has a case where the injection of the injector is abnormal. The actual bench test proves that the direct injection injector in the gasoline cylinder has no cavitation phenomenon on the surface of the spray hole 11. In order to solve the technical problem of abnormal fuel injection of the direct injection injector in the methanol cylinder, it is further found that the direct injection injector in the methanol cylinder is installed in the cylinder, the working pressure can reach 350-1000bar, the working temperature can reach 300-500 ℃, in the injection process of the injector, fuel enters the injection hole 11 in a smaller space from the injector cavity in a larger space, the air pressure at the injection hole inlet 111 can further rise suddenly, in the case that the fuel is methanol fuel, the methanol fuel can easily generate bubbles at the injection hole inlet 111 and is accompanied with the collapse of the bubbles, the collapse of the bubbles can cause the injection hole inlet 111 to receive impact force, the surface characteristics at the injection hole inlet 111 are destroyed, and the injector is caused to work to fail when serious.
In one embodiment, the nozzle hole inlet 111 is broken by an impact force as shown in fig. 2.
The injector valve seat 10 is provided at the tip of an injector, and an injection hole 11 is provided in the injector valve seat 10, through which the injector can inject high-pressure fuel spray. It should be noted that, although the present embodiment is presented based on the technical defect that bubbles are easily generated during the injection process of the methanol fuel to damage the surface characteristics of the injector nozzle hole 11, and the injector is effective in working when serious, the injector valve seat 10 of the present embodiment may be applied to a direct injection injector in a methanol cylinder, or may be applied to other injectors using methanol as fuel or injectors using other fuels, which is not limited in this embodiment.
The cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole 11 decreases from the nozzle hole inlet 111 to the nozzle hole outlet 112, that is, the nozzle hole 11 gradually decreases in diameter from the nozzle hole inlet 111 to the nozzle hole outlet 112. Thus, the space where the fuel enters can be gradually reduced, the effect of dispersing the pressure at the nozzle inlet 111 is achieved, and the situation that the pressure at the nozzle inlet 111 is suddenly increased due to the fact that the fuel suddenly enters into a small space is avoided.
Optionally, the nozzle 11 is tapered, and the taper angle of the nozzle 11 is 2 ° to 15 °.
In the present embodiment, the smoother the inner wall of the nozzle hole 11, the more stable the air pressure of the fuel in the nozzle hole 11, and in the case where the nozzle hole 11 is tapered, the fuel is smoothly excessive in the process of flowing from the nozzle hole inlet 111 to the nozzle hole outlet 112 in the nozzle hole 11, and uniform dispersion of the pressure can be achieved, thereby reducing the local cracking or breakage. If the taper angle of the nozzle hole 11 is too small, the pressure change at the nozzle hole inlet 111 is larger, the impact required to be received at the nozzle hole inlet 111 is larger, and breakage is more likely to occur, but if the taper angle of the nozzle hole 11 is too large, since the overall structure and volume of the nozzle valve seat 10 are determined, the number of the nozzle holes 11, the wall thickness at the nozzle hole 11 and other structures of the nozzle valve seat 10 may be affected, the number of the nozzle holes 11 may be reduced, the performance of the injector may be affected, and too thin wall thickness at the nozzle hole 11 may also cause insufficient strength at the nozzle hole 11 to cause breakage, so that the taper angle of the nozzle hole 11 is determined to be 2-15 °, for example 2 °, 5 °, 8 °, 10 °, 12 °, 15 ° and the like.
The injection hole 11 is rounded at an injection hole inlet 111. In the injection process, stress is easily concentrated at the corners, so that cracks are generated, the fillets are favorable for reducing stress concentration, so that the condition of damage caused by stress concentration is avoided, the pressure at the injection hole inlet 111 can be further dispersed, the sudden change of air pressure when fuel enters the injection hole 11 from the injector cavity is slowed down, the durability of the injector valve seat 10 can be improved, and the service life of the injector valve seat 10 is prolonged.
Optionally, the radius of the round angle is 0.003-0.02 mm.
In this embodiment, if the radius of the fillet is larger, the radian of the fillet is also larger, the wall thickness at the nozzle hole inlet 111 is smaller, and if the wall thickness is too small, the strength of the nozzle hole 11 may be insufficient, and if the radius of the fillet is too small, the pressure dispersion effect is not obvious, so that the radius of the fillet is determined to be 0.003-0.02 mm, for example, 0.003mm, 0.01mm, 0.05mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.02mm, and the like.
In one embodiment, the rounded corners are as shown in fig. 3.
Alternatively, the hardness of the skin of the ejector valve seat 10 is 700-1500HV, wherein the thickness of the skin is 0.02-0.5mm.
In this embodiment, the surface layer of the ejector valve seat 10 refers to a region with a thickness of 0.02-0.5mm near the surface of the ejector valve seat 10, and the specific thickness of the surface layer may be determined according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
The higher the hardness of the surface layer of the ejector valve seat 10 is, the less likely to be damaged when an impact is applied, but if the hardness is too high, the surface layer of the ejector valve seat 10 is also more brittle and is, instead, likely to be damaged when an impact is applied, so that the hardness of the surface layer of the ejector valve seat 10 is determined to be 700 to 1500HV, for example, 700HV, 900HV, 1200HV, 1500HV, or the like. The hardness of the surface layer of the ejector valve seat 10 may be controlled by selecting the material of the ejector valve seat 10, surface treatment, processing the surface layer with high hardness, etc., and may be specifically determined according to the actual situation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the injector valve seat further includes a large injection hole 12, the injection hole 11 communicates with the injector cavity and the large injection hole 12, and the large injection hole 12 communicates with the injection hole 11 and the combustion chamber. The large nozzle 12 may be designed according to practical needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the ejector valve seat is provided with a nozzle, and the cross-sectional area of the nozzle decreases from the nozzle inlet to the nozzle outlet; the orifice inlet of the orifice is a round angle. Before the injector injects fuel, the spray hole on the injector valve seat is not communicated with the injector cavity in the injector, when the fuel is injected, the spray hole is communicated with the injector cavity, the fuel enters the spray hole in a smaller space from the injector cavity in a larger space, the air pressure at the inlet of the spray hole rises suddenly, and when the fuel is methanol fuel, the methanol fuel easily generates bubbles at the inlet of the spray hole and is accompanied by the collapse of the bubbles, and the collapse of the bubbles can enable the inlet of the spray hole to receive impact force to destroy the surface characteristics at the inlet of the spray hole. According to the method, the cross section area of the spray hole is reduced from the spray hole inlet to the spray hole outlet, so that the effect of dispersing pressure can be achieved, the fuel is gradually pressurized in the process of passing through the spray hole, and sudden changes of air pressure at the spray hole inlet are avoided; meanwhile, the pressure at the jet orifice inlet can be further dispersed by rounding the jet orifice inlet of the jet orifice, so that the sudden change of the air pressure when fuel enters the jet orifice from the injector cavity is slowed down. Therefore, the fuel can smoothly enter the spray hole and be sprayed out through the spray hole, and even if methanol fuel is adopted, the generation and the breaking of bubbles at the inlet of the spray hole can be reduced, so that the damage at the inlet of the spray hole is reduced, and the abnormal condition of oil injection caused by the damage at the inlet of the spray hole is reduced. Therefore, the technical problem of abnormal oil injection of the methanol direct injection injector in the related technology is solved, the durability of the injector can be effectively improved, and the service life of the injector is prolonged. And through 6 hundred million times of tests of durability of the injector monomers and a 800-hour bench durability test of the engine, the spray holes are shown in fig. 5, and the phenomenon of cavitation failure of the spray holes is found out from fig. 5, so that the performance of the injector valve seat provided by the application meets the design requirement and meets the use requirement.
Further, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for preparing an ejector valve seat, where the method for preparing an ejector valve seat is applied to preparing an ejector valve seat as described above, and in an embodiment of the method for preparing an ejector valve seat of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the method for preparing an ejector valve seat includes:
step S10, providing an ejector valve seat to be machined;
step S20, machining the spray hole on the workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat;
in this embodiment, it should be noted that the workpiece to be processed by the ejector valve seat refers to a block having a certain shape and structure of the ejector valve seat and requiring the processing of the nozzle. Illustratively, an ejector valve seat to be machined having no nozzle hole or having an unsatisfactory nozzle hole may be machined by cutting, injection molding, 3D printing, or the like, according to the desired shape and structure of the ejector valve seat, wherein the nozzle hole has a requirement that the cross-sectional area decreases from the nozzle hole inlet to the nozzle hole outlet, and in the case where an existing production line can produce an ejector valve seat having an unsatisfactory nozzle hole, or in the case where an ejector valve seat having an unsatisfactory nozzle hole can be purchased, the unsatisfactory nozzle hole may be reworked such that the nozzle hole has a cross-sectional area decreasing from the nozzle hole inlet to the nozzle hole outlet. The method for machining the workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiment is not limited to this.
As an example, the steps S10 to S20 include: providing a prefabricated ejector valve seat to-be-machined workpiece, and machining a spray hole with the cross-sectional area decreasing from a spray hole inlet to a spray hole outlet on the ejector valve seat to-be-machined workpiece by using punching equipment.
In one embodiment, before the step of machining the nozzle hole on the workpiece to be machined on the ejector valve seat, the method may further include: and cleaning the to-be-machined piece of the ejector valve seat. For example, the workpiece to be processed by the ejector valve seat is immersed in the cleaning liquid, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning for one or more times, each time for 15-30 min, and the spray holes are processed after drying.
Optionally, the step of machining the nozzle hole on the workpiece to be machined on the ejector valve seat includes:
machining the spray hole on the workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat through laser drilling equipment, wherein machining conditions of the spray hole comprise: the laser power is 0.8-1.5 kW, the repetition frequency is 7-10 kHz, the defocusing amount is-350-450 mu m, the scanning speed is 0.01-0.02mm/s, and the scanning times are 15-25 times.
As an example, a laser drilling apparatus may be used to machine a nozzle hole having a cross-sectional area decreasing from a nozzle hole inlet to a nozzle hole outlet on a workpiece to be processed by adjusting the direction of the workpiece or the direction of laser light, etc. Wherein, the processing conditions of the laser drilling equipment for processing the spray hole comprise: the laser power is 0.8 to 1.5kW, for example 0.8kW, 1.0kW, 1.2kW, 1.5kW, etc., the repetition frequency is 7 to 10kHz, for example 7kHz, 8kHz, 9kHz, 10kHz, etc., the defocus amount is-350 to 450 μm, for example-350 μm, -200 μm, 50 μm, 250 μm, 450 μm, etc., the scanning speed is 0.01 to 0.02mm/s, for example 0.01mm/s, 0.015mm/s, 0.02mm/s, etc., and the number of times of scanning is 15 to 25, for example 15 times, 20 times, 25 times, etc.
And step S30, machining the round angle at the injection hole inlet of the injection hole to obtain the injector valve seat.
As an example, the step S30 includes: after the jet orifice is machined, the jet orifice inlet of the jet orifice can be further machined, and the jet orifice inlet of the jet orifice is machined into a round angle to obtain the jet orifice valve seat. The processing mode of the round angle comprises grinding, impact and the like.
Optionally, the step of machining the rounded corner at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the injector valve seat includes:
and (3) using polishing liquid to impact the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole, and forming a round angle at the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole to obtain the ejector valve seat.
As an example, the polishing liquid may be used to impact the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole, and a rounded corner with a certain radian is processed at the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole by the impact force of the polishing liquid to the nozzle hole inlet, so as to obtain the injector valve seat. Wherein, the polishing solution can be configured or purchased according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Optionally, the polishing liquid comprises silicone rubber, lubricating liquid, silicon carbide particles and an anti-sticking agent.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the silicon rubber in the polishing liquid is 30% -40%;
and/or the mass ratio of the lubricating liquid in the polishing liquid is 20-30%;
and/or the mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles in the polishing liquid is 35-45%.
In the embodiment, the silicon rubber has certain hardness and size distribution, the silicon carbide particles have larger hardness and strong cutting force, the smoothness of the round corners can be improved when the round corners are machined by matching the silicon carbide particles with the silicon carbide particles, the round corners are polished with higher efficiency, and meanwhile, the friction force on the surface can be reduced by matching the silicon rubber with the lubricating liquid and the anti-adhesion agent, so that scratches and damages to the surface of the ejector valve seat are avoided. The mass ratio of the silicon rubber in the polishing liquid is 30% -40%, such as 30%, 35%, 40% and the like. The mass ratio of the lubricating fluid in the polishing fluid is 20% -30%, for example, 20%, 25%, 30% and the like. The silicon carbide particles account for 35% -45%, such as 35%, 40%, 45% and the like, of the polishing liquid by mass.
Optionally, the step of machining the rounded corner at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the injector valve seat includes:
step S31, processing the round angle at the jet orifice inlet of the jet orifice to obtain the ejector valve seat intermediate piece;
s32, installing a shielding tool on a surface to be welded of the ejector valve seat intermediate piece;
and step S33, nitriding treatment is carried out on the ejector valve seat intermediate piece provided with the shielding tool, so that the ejector valve seat is obtained.
In this embodiment, the hardness of the surface layer of the ejector valve seat may be increased by means of surface nitriding treatment. However, after the ejector valve seat is processed, the ejector valve seat needs to be welded with the ejector main body, nitrogen is heated and separated out in the welding process of the nitriding treatment area, a hole structure is formed in the nitrogen separated-out area, and when the surface with the hole structure is welded with the ejector main body, the welding compactness is lower, so that the durability of the subsequent use of the ejector is possibly insufficient, and the service life is shorter. Therefore, before nitriding treatment, the shielding tool is firstly installed on the surface to be welded, so that nitriding treatment of the surface to be welded is avoided, and under the condition that nitriding treatment is only carried out on the surface layer, the influence of nitriding treatment on the surface to be welded in other areas can be avoided by controlling the process parameters such as nitriding time.
As an example, the steps S31 to S33 include: after the spray hole is machined, the spray hole inlet of the spray hole can be further machined, and the spray hole inlet of the spray hole is machined into a round angle to obtain the ejector valve seat intermediate piece. And then installing a shielding tool on the surface to be welded of the ejector valve seat intermediate piece, putting the ejector valve seat intermediate piece provided with the shielding tool into nitriding media, nitriding other areas except the surface to be welded on the ejector valve seat under certain conditions, and removing the shielding tool after the nitriding is finished, so that the ejector valve seat can be obtained.
Optionally, the processing conditions of the nitriding treatment include: the nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the nitriding temperature is less than or equal to 460 ℃, the nitriding time is more than or equal to 150h, and the nitriding thickness is 0.02-0.5mm.
In the embodiment, ammonia gas can be used as nitriding medium, the nitriding temperature is controlled at 460 ℃, the nitriding treatment comprises three processes of ammonia gas thermal decomposition to generate active atoms, active atoms adsorption on the surface of the ejector valve seat and diffusion of the active atoms on the surface into the ejector valve seat, the nitriding time is more than or equal to 150h, the nitriding thickness is 0.02-0.5mm, certain differences exist in the nitriding thicknesses of different positions, the nitriding thicknesses are all in the range of 0.02-0.5mm, the hardness of the ejector valve seat after the nitriding treatment can reach the range of 700-1500HV, and the deformation of the ejector valve seat before and after the nitriding treatment is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.01mm.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the outer surface of the upper end of the middle piece of the ejector valve seat is a surface to be welded, so that a shielding tool 20 can be installed on the surface to be welded, and the shielding tool 20 can be in interference fit with the upper end of the middle piece of the ejector valve seat so as to ensure the installation stability of the shielding tool. Illustratively, the outer diameter of the upper end of the ejector valve seat intermediate member is(0.01 mm/0.02 mm), the inner diameter of the shielding tool is +.>(-0.02 mm/-0.01 mm) to achieve an interference fit, the shielding tool can use TP2 (deoxidized copper) material, and sealing and dismounting are facilitated.
The preparation method of the injector valve seat solves the technical problem of abnormal injection of the direct methanol injection injector in the related technology. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the ejector valve seat provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same beneficial effects as the ejector valve seat of the embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
Further, the invention also provides an injector comprising an injector valve seat as described above.
In one embodiment, the injector may be a direct methanol in-cylinder injector.
The injector solves the technical problem of abnormal fuel injection of the methanol direct injection injector in the related technology. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the injector provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the injector valve seat of the embodiment, and are not repeated here.
Further, the invention also provides a vehicle comprising an injector as described above.
The vehicle solves the technical problem that the injection of the methanol direct injection injector is abnormal in the related art. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the ejector of the embodiment, and are not described in detail herein.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the claims.
Claims (13)
1. An ejector valve seat is characterized in that an ejector hole is formed in the ejector valve seat, and the cross-sectional area of the ejector hole is gradually decreased from an ejector hole inlet to an ejector hole outlet;
the orifice inlet of the orifice is a round angle.
2. An injector valve seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein said orifice is conical and has a cone angle of 2-15 °.
3. An injector valve seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the radius of the fillet is 0.003-0.02 mm.
4. An ejector valve seat as in claim 1, wherein the skin of the ejector valve seat has a hardness of 700-1500HV, wherein the skin has a thickness of 0.02-0.5mm.
5. A method of manufacturing an ejector valve seat, characterized in that the method of manufacturing an ejector valve seat is applied to manufacturing an ejector valve seat as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
providing an ejector valve seat to be machined;
machining the spray hole on a workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat;
and processing the round angle at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the ejector valve seat.
6. A method of preparing an injector valve seat as recited in claim 5, wherein said step of machining said orifice in said injector valve seat to-be-machined comprises:
machining the spray hole on the workpiece to be machined of the ejector valve seat through laser drilling equipment, wherein machining conditions of the spray hole comprise: the laser power is 0.8-1.5 kW, the repetition frequency is 7-10 kHz, the defocusing amount is-350-450 mu m, the scanning speed is 0.01-0.02mm/s, and the scanning times are 15-25 times.
7. A method of manufacturing an injector valve seat as set forth in claim 5, wherein said step of machining said rounded corners at the orifice entrance of said orifice to obtain said injector valve seat includes:
and (3) using polishing liquid to impact the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole, and forming a round angle at the nozzle hole inlet of the nozzle hole to obtain the ejector valve seat.
8. The method of manufacturing an injector valve seat as set forth in claim 7, wherein the polishing liquid comprises silicone rubber, a lubricating liquid, silicon carbide particles, and an anti-sticking agent.
9. The method of manufacturing an injector valve seat as set forth in claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the silicone rubber in the polishing liquid is 30% -40%;
and/or the mass ratio of the lubricating liquid in the polishing liquid is 20-30%;
and/or the mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles in the polishing liquid is 35-45%.
10. A method of manufacturing an injector valve seat as set forth in claim 5, wherein said step of machining said rounded corners at the orifice entrance of said orifice to obtain said injector valve seat includes:
processing the round angle at the orifice inlet of the orifice to obtain the ejector valve seat intermediate piece;
installing a shielding tool on a surface to be welded of the ejector valve seat middle piece;
nitriding treatment is carried out on the ejector valve seat intermediate piece provided with the shielding tool, and the ejector valve seat is obtained.
11. A method of manufacturing an injector valve seat as set forth in claim 10, wherein the nitriding process conditions include: the nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the nitriding temperature is less than or equal to 460 ℃, the nitriding time is greater than or equal to 150h, the nitriding thickness is 0.02-0.5mm, and the deformation of the ejector valve seat before and after nitriding treatment is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
12. An injector, characterized in that it comprises an injector valve seat according to any one of claims 1-5.
13. A vehicle comprising the injector of claim 12.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311568124.5A CN117662340A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Injector valve seat, method for producing an injector valve seat, injector, and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311568124.5A CN117662340A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Injector valve seat, method for producing an injector valve seat, injector, and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117662340A true CN117662340A (en) | 2024-03-08 |
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ID=90067286
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311568124.5A Pending CN117662340A (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Injector valve seat, method for producing an injector valve seat, injector, and vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117662340A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-21 CN CN202311568124.5A patent/CN117662340A/en active Pending
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