CN117644366A - Impeller processing method - Google Patents
Impeller processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117644366A CN117644366A CN202410116262.8A CN202410116262A CN117644366A CN 117644366 A CN117644366 A CN 117644366A CN 202410116262 A CN202410116262 A CN 202410116262A CN 117644366 A CN117644366 A CN 117644366A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an impeller processing method, which comprises the following steps: step A, clamping and fixing a cylindrical blank on a milling machine, milling to obtain a blade arc line, an inner hole and a blade under the condition of clamping a workpiece at one time, wherein the blade arc line is an envelope line of the outer edge of a series of step surfaces, and the inner hole is coaxial with the central axis of the blank; step B, clamping and fixing a workpiece on a lathe, and turning the design shape from the back of the wheel to the bottom surface of the impeller; step C, performing heat treatment on the workpiece; step D, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a milling machine, and finely milling the blade; and E, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a lathe, and finish turning the molded line of the impeller. The impeller processing method provided by the invention uses a simpler processing technology path to process the workpiece, reduces the clamping times and reduces the total production time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impeller manufacturing, in particular to an impeller processing method.
Background
The existing impeller processing technology has the defects of long process route and long processing time, so that the production efficiency is low, and therefore, how to optimize the impeller processing technology to improve the production efficiency becomes a problem to be solved urgently by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an impeller processing method comprises the following steps:
step A, a cylindrical blank is taken, the blank is clamped and fixed on a milling machine, a blade arc line, an inner hole and a blade are milled under the condition of clamping a workpiece at one time, the blade arc line is an envelope line of the outer edge of a series of step surfaces, and the inner hole is coaxial with the central axis of the blank;
step B, clamping and fixing a workpiece on a lathe, and turning the design shape from the back of the wheel to the bottom surface of the impeller;
step C, performing heat treatment on the workpiece;
step D, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a milling machine, and finely milling the blade;
and E, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a lathe, and finish turning the molded line of the impeller.
Optionally, in the impeller processing method, the step C includes:
in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 170-190 ℃ for 6-10 hours;
and in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 120+/-5 ℃ for 4-8 hours.
Optionally, in the impeller processing method, the step a uses a three-jaw chuck to clamp and fix the workpiece.
Optionally, in the impeller processing method, the step D uses only a stud and a nut matched with the stud to clamp and fix the workpiece, and the stud is inserted into the inner hole.
Optionally, in the impeller machining method, the step E uses only the stud and the nut to clamp and fix the workpiece.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the impeller machining method optimizes the sequence of the clamping scheme, the heat treatment and the machining, combines reasonable utilization of turning and milling, uses a simpler machining process path to machine the workpiece, reduces the times of clamping and reduces the total production time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of processing an impeller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blank after milling a leaf curve;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the structure of FIG. 2 after milling of the bore and vane;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the design shape of the back to bottom of the impeller machined by turning based on the configuration shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 after finishing milling the blade;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the structure of FIG. 5 after finish turning of the impeller profile;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a workpiece clamped with only a stud and nut.
Marked in the figure as:
1. a top surface; 2. a bottom surface; 3. a step surface; 4. an inner bore; 5. a blade; 51. a first surface; 52. a second surface; 6. a side surface; 7. a base; 8. a positioning pin; 9. a stud; 10. a nut; 100. a workpiece.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing an impeller, including the following steps:
step S1, taking a cylindrical blank, clamping and fixing the blank on a milling machine, and milling to obtain a blade arc, an inner hole and a blade under the condition of clamping a workpiece at one time.
As shown in fig. 2, the profile curve is an envelope of the outer edges of a series of step surfaces 3, the step surfaces 3 are formed by milling, and the material on the blank is removed from the top surface 1 to the bottom surface 2 by milling layer by layer, so that the shape shown in fig. 2 is obtained. The step surface 3 is perpendicular to the central axis of the blank, and the width of the step surface 3 is increased a little when one layer is processed downwards, so that the outer edges of the step surfaces 3 of all layers of the same longitudinal section are distributed on an arc track. The vertical section refers to a section passing through the central axis of the blank, and the outline of the blank can be seen in the vertical section. Specifically, the number of layers (or the number of steps) of the step may be set to 10 to 20 layers, for example, 15 layers or 12 layers.
The blank is generally subjected to forging treatment before being taken out, and the forged blank is approximately cylindrical. In the traditional impeller processing method, turning processing is firstly carried out after a blank is taken, at this time, a clamping table capable of clamping is needed to be roughly turned at a position of the blank close to the end face, a workpiece is needed to be clamped again after the clamping table is turned, and then the blade profile arc line can be roughly turned.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner hole 4 is coaxial with the central axis of the blank, the blade arc, the inner hole 4 and the blade 5 are milled under the condition of clamping the workpiece once, namely, the blank is clamped once after being taken, and then the blade arc, the inner hole 4 and the blade 5 are milled only by replacing a cutter by a numerical control machine tool, so that the working procedure is concentrated, the clamping is less, and the processing time and the working procedure steps can be saved. The processing sequence of the inner hole 4 and the vane 5 may be set according to the need, that is, the inner hole 4 may be manufactured first and then the vane 5 may be manufactured, or the vane 5 may be manufactured first and then the inner hole 4 may be manufactured. It will be appreciated that the profile camber line, the bore 4 and the vane 5 are not of final finishing dimensions at this time and therefore the machining speed may be set as high as possible to save machining time.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, when milling the blade profile arc and milling the inner hole 4 and the blade 5, the clamping position of the workpiece is at the side surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is clamped once after being taken from the blank to the structure shown in fig. 3, and the workpiece is not clamped again in the middle. Specifically, a three-jaw chuck may be used to clamp and secure a workpiece.
And S2, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a lathe, and turning the design shape from the back of the wheel to the bottom surface of the impeller.
As shown in fig. 4, the clamping position is identical to that in fig. 3, so that the workpiece can be clamped and fixed by using the three-jaw chuck in step S2. The wheel back refers to an area on the bottom surface 2 corresponding to the area where the blades 5 are located, a sealing groove and a curved surface shape are generally arranged on the wheel back, and in step S2, the wheel back is turned according to the design shape of the impeller bottom surface 2, and the turning back should reach the final finish machining size.
And step S3, performing heat treatment on the workpiece.
In the conventional impeller processing method, considering that the machining difficulty of the material increases after the heat treatment, the heat treatment step is generally carried out at the end. However, according to the present invention, as the technology of cutting hard materials is mature along with the development of machining technology and cutter quality, the heat treatment step is not carried out at last, but is carried out before finishing, so that the deformation amount generated by the heat treatment can be cut during finishing, and the impeller cannot generate more deformation after finishing because the heat treatment is not carried out after finishing, which is beneficial to ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the final product.
Specifically, step S3 may include: in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 170-190 ℃ for 6-10 hours; and in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 120+/-5 ℃ for 4-8 hours. That is, the workpiece is first heated to 170-190 ℃ and maintained at that temperature for 6-10 hours, e.g., 8 hours. And then cooling the workpiece to 120+/-5 ℃ and maintaining the temperature range for 4-8 hours, such as 6 hours. It should be appreciated that the workpiece should be cooled to room temperature at the end of step S3 for the subsequent steps.
And S4, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a milling machine, and finish milling the blade.
As shown in fig. 5, step S4 is mainly to finish-mill the opposed first and second surfaces 51, 52 on the blades 5, and the hub surfaces between adjacent blades 5. Because the amount of cutting material is relatively small due to finish machining, the clamping can be performed at the same position as the clamping position shown in fig. 6 in the step S4, that is, the workpiece is clamped and fixed only by using the stud and the nut matched with the stud in the step S4, and the stud penetrates through the inner hole 4, and the specific clamping mode can be seen in fig. 7.
And S5, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a lathe, and finish turning the molded line of the impeller.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the impeller profile, i.e., the contour of the curved surface formed by the outer edges of the blades 5 (the area between the edges of both the first surface 51 and the second surface 52 away from the hub surface) after the impeller is rotated. In particular, the blades 5 generally comprise alternating main blades, i.e. the larger blades in fig. 5, and splitter blades, i.e. the smaller blades in fig. 5. After the impeller rotates, the curved surface formed by the outer edge of the splitter blade is positioned in the curved surface formed by the outer edge of the main blade.
As shown in fig. 6, in a preferred embodiment, step S5 refers to the clamping method of fig. 7, and uses only the stud 9 and the nut 10 to clamp and fix the workpiece 100. In order to avoid interference between the tool and the table of the machine tool by making the distance between the workpiece 100 and the table longer in consideration of the length of the tool, the base 7 shown in fig. 7 may be provided on the table, and the workpiece 100 may be clamped and fixed to the base 7 by the stud 9 and the nut 10. The cross-sectional dimension of the base 7 is substantially the same as the bottom dimension of the workpiece 100, and a positioning pin 8 may be provided on the base 7 to rapidly position the workpiece 100. The middle part of the base 7 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the stud 9, after the workpiece 100 is placed on the base 7, a bolt passes through the inner hole 4 of the workpiece 100 to be connected with the threaded hole, and then a nut 10 is screwed to fix the workpiece 100. The workpiece 100 is clamped and fixed only by using the stud 9 and the nut 10, so that the clamping mode is simpler, and simultaneously, the pretightening force is more reliable because the pretightening force is only applied to the middle part of the workpiece 100. In a preferred embodiment, step S5 includes finish turning the side 6 of the impeller, the side 6 in fig. 6 being the clamping position in fig. 2-4, and since the clamping position shown in fig. 6 avoids the side 6, finish turning of the side 6 may be performed in step S5.
In the present specification, "milling machine" refers to a machine tool capable of milling, and "lathe" refers to a machine tool capable of turning, and it is to be noted that the milling machine and the machine tool may be the same machine tool, for example, the same machine tool can perform both milling and turning.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The impeller processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step A, a cylindrical blank is taken, the blank is clamped and fixed on a milling machine, a blade arc line, an inner hole and a blade are milled under the condition of clamping a workpiece at one time, the blade arc line is an envelope line of the outer edge of a series of step surfaces, and the inner hole is coaxial with the central axis of the blank;
step B, clamping and fixing a workpiece on a lathe, and turning the design shape from the back of the wheel to the bottom surface of the impeller;
step C, performing heat treatment on the workpiece;
step D, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a milling machine, and finely milling the blade;
and E, clamping and fixing the workpiece on a lathe, and finish turning the molded line of the impeller.
2. The impeller processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step C includes:
in the first stage, the temperature is kept at 170-190 ℃ for 6-10 hours;
and in the second stage, the temperature is kept at 120+/-5 ℃ for 4-8 hours.
3. The impeller processing method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the step a clamps and fixes the workpiece using a three-jaw chuck.
4. The impeller machining method according to claim 3, wherein the step D is to clamp and fix the workpiece only by using a stud and a nut matched with the stud, and the stud is inserted into the inner hole.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said step E clamps and secures a workpiece using only said stud and said nut.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410116262.8A CN117644366A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Impeller processing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410116262.8A CN117644366A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Impeller processing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117644366A true CN117644366A (en) | 2024-03-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410116262.8A Pending CN117644366A (en) | 2024-01-29 | 2024-01-29 | Impeller processing method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102091919A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团有限公司 | Machining method of three-dimensional closed impeller |
| JP2013139066A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-18 | Ihi Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing impeller |
| CN104646961A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process method for improving manufacturing accuracy of aluminum-alloy open-type integral impeller |
| US20150184672A1 (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2015-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Manufacturing method of compressor impeller and compressor impeller |
| CN112139774A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 宁国市华成金研科技有限公司 | Engine precision casting blade and processing method thereof |
| CN115740586A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-07 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Integral impeller blade profile machining method based on vibration reduction rough milling and spiral finish milling |
-
2024
- 2024-01-29 CN CN202410116262.8A patent/CN117644366A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102091919A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 沈阳鼓风机集团有限公司 | Machining method of three-dimensional closed impeller |
| JP2013139066A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-18 | Ihi Corp | Method and apparatus for manufacturing impeller |
| US20150184672A1 (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2015-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Manufacturing method of compressor impeller and compressor impeller |
| CN104646961A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 上海应用技术学院 | Process method for improving manufacturing accuracy of aluminum-alloy open-type integral impeller |
| CN112139774A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 宁国市华成金研科技有限公司 | Engine precision casting blade and processing method thereof |
| CN115740586A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-07 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Integral impeller blade profile machining method based on vibration reduction rough milling and spiral finish milling |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙树通;: "导水叶片在车床上的镗削加工", 科教文汇(中旬刊), no. 07, 20 July 2009 (2009-07-20) * |
| 惠相君等: "基于Mastercam的整体叶轮加工技术研究", 制造业自动化, vol. 37, no. 3, 31 March 2015 (2015-03-31), pages 29 - 32 * |
| 曹著明;顾春光;王刘菲;孙红梅;: "某航空整体叶轮高效数控加工关键技术研究", 机床与液压, no. 08, 28 April 2016 (2016-04-28) * |
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| 高睿杰等: "整体叶轮的数控加工工艺研究与实施，", 机械工程师, no. 1, 31 January 2018 (2018-01-31), pages 69 - 71 * |
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