CN117639972A - Calibration device and method adopting virtual orthogonal receiver - Google Patents
Calibration device and method adopting virtual orthogonal receiver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a calibration device and a method adopting a virtual orthogonal receiver, comprising a transmitting channel, a modulation module, a receiving channel and a signal processing module; the transmitting channel generates a main transmitting signal according to the input signal; the modulation module receives the main emission signal, and adjusts the main emission signal to output a calibration signal; the receiving channel comprises a phase shifter and a single-branch receiving unit; the phase shifter receives the local oscillation signal and outputs a control signal to the single-branch receiving unit after performing phase control on the local oscillation signal; the single-branch receiving unit processes the calibration signal based on the control signal to obtain a digital signal; the signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain a communication signal. The invention realizes calibration only by the phase shifter and the single-branch receiving unit, and the area and the power consumption of a receiving channel can be greatly reduced by adopting the single-branch receiving unit compared with the traditional IQ double-architecture.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, and more particularly, to a calibration apparatus and method employing a virtual quadrature receiver.
Background
Currently, with the continuous evolution of millimeter wave band radar, the market demand is higher and higher. In order to improve the performance of millimeter wave radars, a multi-channel architecture is often employed, which also introduces calibration problems. The chip test cost of the millimeter wave frequency band is high, so that the requirements for the design of a calibration scheme with high performance, low complexity and low cost in the chip are high.
One calibration scheme commonly used at present is shown in fig. 1, and takes a 4T4R (4 transmit and 4 receive) scale chip as an example of a calibration scheme in a millimeter wave radar: generating an output signal having a frequency difference from the input signal (frequency f) as a calibration signal source (i.e., the frequency of the calibration signal is f+2m) by periodically varying the phase of the phase shifter (i.e., phase modulation) in the transmit channel; the calibration signal is then coupled to the receive channel via a power distribution network, and the output frequency performance, such as the receive channel gain difference, phase difference, etc., is calculated from the digital portion via mixing and ADC sampling of the receive channel. The calibration scheme based on phase modulation has high requirement on receiving and transmitting isolation, and when the receiving and transmitting isolation is poor, the leakage signal of the transmitting channel can interfere the signal transmitted to the receiving channel by the coupling network, so that the test result generates errors. The radar system is usually not isolated from the transceiver, which limits the use of the scheme. In addition, the phase modulation based calibration scheme uses a high precision phase shifter on the signal link and an IQ architecture (twice the local oscillator and intermediate frequency circuit power consumption and area) on the receive path, which further increases cost (area) and power consumption (compensation gain).
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a complete invention name for solving the problems of large receiving channel area and large calibration power consumption in the prior art.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a calibration device using a virtual orthogonal receiver, including a transmitting channel, a modulating module, a receiving channel, and a signal processing module;
the input end of the transmitting channel is connected with an input signal, and the transmitting channel generates a main transmitting signal according to the input signal;
the modulation module receives the main emission signal and adjusts the main emission signal to output a calibration signal;
the receiving channel comprises a phase shifter and a single-branch receiving unit; the phase shifter receives a local oscillation signal, performs phase control on the local oscillation signal and then outputs a control signal to the single-branch receiving unit; the input end of the single-branch receiving unit is connected with and receives the calibration signal, and processes the calibration signal based on the control signal to obtain a digital signal;
the signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain a communication signal.
Optionally, the modulation module adopts OOK modulation or adopts a direct mixing mode.
Optionally, the system further comprises a local oscillation signal source; the local oscillation signal source generates a local oscillation signal, and the local oscillation signal is processed to obtain the input signal and the intermediate signal; the intermediate signal is input to the phase shifter to cause the phase shifter to output the control signal.
Optionally, the control signal includes a first control instruction and a second control instruction;
in a first calibration stage, the phase shifter does not shift the phase and outputs the first control instruction;
in a second calibration stage, the phase shifter shifts the phase by 90 degrees and outputs the second control instruction.
Optionally, the single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output first digital signal under the action of the first control instruction; the single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output second digital signal under the action of the second control instruction
Optionally, the signal processing module includes a memory and a processor;
the first digital signal and the second digital signal are stored in the memory;
the processor processes the first digital signal and the second digital signal to obtain the communication signal.
Optionally, the processor sums the first digital signal F by power IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And processing to obtain the communication signal.
Optionally, the processor adds the voltage to the first digital signal F IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And processing to obtain the communication signal.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention also provides a calibration method using a virtual orthogonal receiver, which is applicable to the above calibration device using a virtual orthogonal receiver, and at least includes the following steps:
generating a primary transmit signal based on an input signal generated by a local oscillator signal;
processing the primary transmit signal to produce a calibration signal;
an intermediate signal generated based on the local oscillation signal drives a single-branch receiving unit to process the calibration signal to obtain a digital signal;
the digital signal is processed to obtain a communication signal.
Optionally, the digital signal is processed in power or voltage to obtain the communication signal.
As described above, the calibration apparatus and method using a virtual orthogonal receiver of the present invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a calibration device and a method adopting a virtual orthogonal receiver, comprising a transmitting channel, a modulation module, a receiving channel and a signal processing module; the transmitting channel generates a main transmitting signal according to the input signal; the modulation module receives the main emission signal, and adjusts the main emission signal to output a calibration signal; the receiving channel comprises a phase shifter and a single-branch receiving unit; the phase shifter receives a local oscillation signal, performs phase control on the local oscillation signal and then outputs a control signal to the single-branch receiving unit; the input end of the single-branch receiving unit is connected with and receives the calibration signal, and processes the calibration signal based on the control signal to obtain a digital signal; the signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain a communication signal. The invention realizes calibration only by the phase shifter and the single-branch receiving unit, and the area and the power consumption of a receiving channel can be greatly reduced by adopting the single-branch receiving unit compared with the traditional IQ double-architecture.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a calibration scheme based on phase modulation in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art OKK modulation based calibration scheme.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a calibration device according to the present invention using a virtual quadrature receiver.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a calibration device for single-transmit single-receive in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual-transmit dual-receive calibration device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 2-5. It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the present embodiment merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
In order to avoid the requirement of the phase modulation calibration scheme on the transmit-receive isolation, another calibration scheme shown in fig. 2 is adopted, and still takes a 4T4R (4 transmit-4 receive) chip as an example of the calibration scheme in the millimeter wave radar: the output signal of the transmitting channel is coupled to a power distribution network, and then is modulated by OOK (on-off keying) or directly mixed to generate a calibration signal with frequency difference with the main transmitting signal, the calibration signal is input to a receiving channel through the power distribution network, and the gain difference and the phase difference of the receiving channel can be obtained through digital processing after the receiving channel is mixed; transmit path gain differences, phase differences, etc.
In radar systems, the transmit signal of the transmit channel and the local oscillator signal of the receive channel are homologous signals. The calibration signal in the OOK-adjustment based calibration architecture is generated from the output of the transmit path via OOK modulation. Assume that the phase difference between the calibration signal and the local oscillator signal after being transmitted to the mixer input in the receiver isThe principle of the OOK-adjustment based calibration architecture can be deduced by 0 As an output signal of the transmit channel TX, it is modulated with an OOK modulation signal cos (ω ook t) generating an output F after modulation ook 。
To simplify the analysis, only the primary mixing products resulting from modulation are of interest, and the higher order components are of little interest. Then the signal F ook In the receive path and local oscillator signal cos (omega 0 t) mixing again to produce an output F IF1 From the deduction result, it can be seen that if the OOK adjustment based calibration scheme adopts a superheterodyne mixing structure, the output sumIn relation to each other,thus->Different gains of their calibration paths may also be different, which may lead to inaccurate measured results. Therefore, the architecture must employ IQ mixers, which doubles the area and power consumption of the receive channel mixers and baseband parts within the system. To this end, the invention aims to propose an output signal and +.>Regardless, a calibration architecture that reduces area and power consumption can be realized.
The invention provides a calibrating device adopting a virtual orthogonal receiver, the principle and structure block diagram of which is shown in figure 3, comprising a transmitting channel, a modulating module, a receiving channel and a signal processing module;
the input end of the transmitting channel is connected with an input signal, and the transmitting channel generates a main transmitting signal according to the input signal;
the modulation module receives the main emission signal and adjusts the main emission signal to output a calibration signal;
the receiving channel comprises a phase shifter and a single-branch receiving unit; the phase shifter receives a local oscillation signal, performs phase control on the local oscillation signal and then outputs a control signal to the single-branch receiving unit; the input end of the single-branch receiving unit is connected with and receives the calibration signal, and processes the calibration signal based on the control signal to obtain a digital signal;
the signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain a communication signal.
The invention realizes calibration only by the phase shifter and the single-branch receiving unit, and the area and the power consumption of a receiving channel can be greatly reduced by adopting the single-branch receiving unit compared with the traditional IQ double-architecture.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single-transmit single-receive calibration device, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual-transmit dual-receive calibration device; the calibration device according to the present invention using a virtual quadrature receiver will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 4 and 5. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the present invention is also applicable to 4T4R.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the input signal is A 0 cos(ω 0 t), the main transmitting signal is obtained by the phase shift processing of the transmitting channel
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the calibration device further includes a first power coupling network and a power combining network; the first power coupling network is connected with the output end of the transmitting channel and the power synthesis network; and the main transmitting signal is sequentially coupled by the power coupling network and synthesized by the power synthesizing network and then is output to the modulation module.
The first power coupling network couples the main transmitting signal output by the transmitting channel into the power synthesizing network, and then outputs the main transmitting signal to the modulating module for adjusting processing after passing through the power synthesizing network.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the modulation module of the present invention adopts an OOK modulation scheme. As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the OOK modulation principle is to control the frequency of transmission according to the transmission amplitude, for example, when the transmission amplitude is high, the carrier frequency is transmitted, whereas when the transmission amplitude is low, the carrier frequency is not transmitted, and thus, the power consumption can be reduced. The calibration signal obtained by OOK modulation is:
in the embodiment of the present invention, an OOK modulation mode is adopted, and as other implementation modes, a direct mixing mode, that is, non-IQ mixing, may also be adopted, and a single mixer structure is adopted.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the calibration device further includes a second power coupling network and a second power distribution network; the second power distribution network is connected with the output end of the modulation module and the second power coupling network; the second power distribution network distributes the power of the calibration signal and outputs the power to the second power coupling network, and then the power is coupled to the receiving channel through the second power coupling network.
After the first power distribution power distributes the power of the calibration signal, the calibration signal is output to the receiving channel through the coupling processing of the second power coupling network, and the signal calibration is carried out on the receiving channel.
The first power distribution network, the second power distribution network, and the third power distribution network are different power distribution networks, and the power distribution networks may have the same or different structures. As shown in fig. 4, a power distribution network using a different structure is shown, and fig. 5, a power distribution network using the same structure is shown.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the receiving channel further includes a driving amplifier, an input end of the driving amplifier is connected to an output end of the phase shifter, and an output end of the driving amplifier is connected to the single-branch receiving unit; the drive amplifier drives a mixer in the single-branch receiving unit according to the intermediate signal.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the single-branch receiving unit comprises a low noise amplifier LNA, the MIXER MIXER, a transimpedance amplifier TIA, a filter and an analog-to-digital converter ADC; the input end of the low noise amplifier LNA is connected with the output end of the second power coupling network, the output end of the low noise amplifier LNA is connected with the input end of the MIXER MIXER, the output end of the MIXER MIXER is connected with the input end of the transimpedance amplifier TIA, the output end of the transimpedance amplifier TIA is connected with the input end of the filter, the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC, and the output end of the analog-to-digital converter ADC outputs the digital signal for subsequent digital signal processing.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the calibration device further includes a local oscillation signal source; and the local oscillation signal source generates a local oscillation signal, and the local oscillation signal is processed to obtain the input signal and the intermediate signal. Wherein the intermediate signal is input to the phase shifter to cause the phase shifter to output the control signal.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the control signal includes a first control instruction and a second control instruction;
in a first calibration stage, the phase shifter does not shift the phase and outputs the first control instruction;
in a second calibration stage, the phase shifter shifts the phase by 90 degrees and outputs the second control instruction.
The correction process of the invention comprises two calibration stages, wherein the phase shifter does not shift phase in the first calibration stage, and the phase shifter shifts phase by 90 degrees in the second calibration stage, and the intermediate signal is sin (omega) 0 t), through the processing of two calibration stages, calibration is realized.
The single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output first digital signal under the action of the first control instruction; the first digital signal F IF1 Is that
The single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output second digital signal under the action of the second control instruction; the second digital signal F IF2 Is that
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module includes a memory and a processor;
the first digital signal and the second digital signal are stored in the memory;
the processor processes the first digital signal and the second digital signal to obtain the communication signal.
Specifically, the processor of the present invention adds the power to the first digital signal F IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 Processing to obtain the communication signal, i.e. the first digital signal F IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And (3) carrying out power summation:
specifically, the processor of the present invention adds the voltage to the first digital signal F IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 Processing to obtain the communication signal, namely the second digital signal F IF2 Phase-shifted by 90 degrees and then directly connected with the first digital signal F IF1 And adding voltages to obtain:
from the processing result of the processor, whichever calculation mode is the same as the gain and phaseThe calibration architecture adopting the virtual orthogonal receiver provided by the invention can realize the calibration of the receiving and transmitting channels by OOK modulation only through one single 90-degree phase shifter, and greatly reduces the area and power consumption of the receiving channels.
The invention also provides a calibration method adopting the virtual orthogonal receiver, which is suitable for the calibration device adopting the virtual orthogonal receiver, and at least comprises the following steps:
generating a primary transmit signal based on an input signal generated by a local oscillator signal;
processing the primary transmit signal to produce a calibration signal;
an intermediate signal generated based on the local oscillation signal drives a single-branch receiving unit to process the calibration signal to obtain a digital signal;
the digital signal is processed to obtain a communication signal.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the main transmit signal is processed to generate the calibration signal, which may be OOK modulation or direct mixing (i.e. a single mixer structure with non-IQ mixing).
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a process of processing a calibration signal to obtain a digital signal includes a first calibration stage and a second calibration stage;
in a first calibration stage, the phase shifter does not shift the phase, and a first digital signal is obtained after the calibration signal is processed;
in the second calibration stage, the phase shifter shifts the phase by 90 degrees, and the second digital signal is obtained after the calibration signal is processed.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the digital signals are added to obtain the communication signals. Specifically, power addition or voltage addition is performed:
power addition to the first digital signal F IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And (3) carrying out power summation:
voltage addition to add the second digital signal F IF2 Phase-shifted by 90 degrees and then directly connected with the first digital signal F IF1 And adding voltages to obtain:
whatever the calculation mode of the invention, the invention is matched with the gain and the phaseRegardless, therefore, the calibration performance can be improved while reducing the reception channel area and complexity, thereby improving the product competitiveness.
In summary, the present invention provides a calibration architecture using a virtual orthogonal receiver, where the architecture implements the architecture of a virtual IQ receiver in a time division manner by single-path reception, and implements a single-sideband frequency mixing function of a calibration circuit in a radar or a communication system by the virtual IQ receiver. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The calibrating device adopting the virtual orthogonal receiver is characterized by comprising a transmitting channel, a modulating module, a receiving channel and a signal processing module;
the input end of the transmitting channel is connected with an input signal, and the transmitting channel generates a main transmitting signal according to the input signal;
the modulation module receives the main emission signal and adjusts the main emission signal to output a calibration signal;
the receiving channel comprises a phase shifter and a single-branch receiving unit; the phase shifter receives a local oscillation signal, performs phase control on the local oscillation signal and then outputs a control signal to the single-branch receiving unit; the input end of the single-branch receiving unit is connected with and receives the calibration signal, and processes the calibration signal based on the control signal to obtain a digital signal;
the signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain a communication signal.
2. The calibration device according to claim 1, wherein the modulation module adopts an OOK modulation scheme or a direct mixing scheme.
3. The calibration apparatus using a virtual quadrature receiver of claim 2, further comprising a local oscillator signal source; the local oscillation signal source generates a local oscillation signal, and the local oscillation signal is processed to obtain the input signal and the intermediate signal; the intermediate signal is input to the phase shifter to cause the phase shifter to output the control signal.
4. A calibration device employing a virtual quadrature receiver as claimed in claim 3, wherein the control signal comprises a first control instruction and a second control instruction;
in a first calibration stage, the phase shifter does not shift the phase and outputs the first control instruction;
in a second calibration stage, the phase shifter shifts the phase by 90 degrees and outputs the second control instruction.
5. The calibration device using a virtual orthogonal receiver according to claim 4, wherein the single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output first digital signal under the action of the first control command; the single-branch receiving unit generates an intermediate frequency output second digital signal under the action of the second control instruction.
6. The calibration device employing a virtual quadrature receiver of claim 5, wherein the signal processing module comprises a memory and a processor;
the first digital signal and the second digital signal are stored in the memory;
the processor processes the first digital signal and the second digital signal to obtain the communication signal.
7. The calibration device using a virtual quadrature receiver as set forth in claim 6, wherein a processor sums the first digital signal F by power IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And processing to obtain the communication signal.
8. The calibration device using a virtual quadrature receiver of claim 6, wherein the processor sums the first digital signal F by voltage IF1 And the second digital signal F IF2 And processing to obtain the communication signal.
9. A calibration method using a virtual orthogonal receiver, adapted to a calibration device using a virtual orthogonal receiver according to any of claims 1-8, comprising at least the steps of:
generating a primary transmit signal based on an input signal generated by a local oscillator signal;
processing the primary transmit signal to produce a calibration signal;
an intermediate signal generated based on the local oscillation signal drives a single-branch receiving unit to process the calibration signal to obtain a digital signal;
the digital signal is processed to obtain a communication signal.
10. The method of calibrating a receiver using virtual orthogonal as claimed in claim 9, wherein the digital signal is processed by power or voltage to obtain the communication signal.
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| CN109031214A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉滨湖电子有限责任公司 | DDS realizes the receive-transmit system implementation method of digital phase shift and calibration as local oscillator |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102405555A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2012-04-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, apparatus and system for calibration of reception links in multiple antennas beam forming system |
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