CN117634907A - Urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a medium for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a city land map of a target city, wherein the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes; based on the functional area, obtaining a division rule, and completing division of remote sensing images of a target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas; calculating the total roof area corresponding to all areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount. The invention divides the city into different functional areas and extracts the roof outline respectively, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of extracting the roof outline and roof area of a large-scale research area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to an estimation method, an estimation device, an estimation equipment and an estimation medium for urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential.
Background
The estimation of the roof photovoltaic power generation potential is a key link of urban solar energy utilization planning, and the estimation method of the roof photovoltaic power generation potential in China is continuously perfected at present. Estimation of the photovoltaic power generation potential of a roof involves a number of aspects, the accuracy of the estimation depending on the accuracy of the roof profile obtained. The patent regarding roof photovoltaic potential estimation is mostly focused on obtaining the roof profile, and further estimating the roof mountable photovoltaic area based on this is a key point for estimating the photovoltaic potential. In the process of extracting the roof contour, the roof contour extraction of a small-range research area is mainly manually interpreted, and the roof contour acquisition method of a large-range research area is mainly a machine learning algorithm such as an edge detection algorithm, a segmentation model and the like. However, when roof contour extraction is performed on a wide-range research area, roof contours of buildings with different functions have great inter-class differences, and random selection of samples can bring great uncertainty to machine learning results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a device, equipment and a medium for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, the method including:
acquiring a city land map of a target city, wherein the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes;
based on the functional area, obtaining a division rule, and completing division of remote sensing images of a target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
calculating the total roof area corresponding to all areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, where the apparatus includes an acquisition module, a merging module, and a calculation module.
The system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a city land map of a target city, and the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes;
the merging module is used for acquiring a division rule based on the functional area, and dividing the remote sensing image of the target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
the calculation module is used for calculating the total roof area corresponding to all the areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof, the apparatus comprising a memory and a processor. The memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is used for executing the computer program to realize the steps of the method for estimating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof described above.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method comprises the steps of firstly removing areas without roof photovoltaic installation from all functional areas of a city divided by a map of urban land planning, merging the remaining functional areas into several types, dividing the city into different areas according to the areas, selecting typical samples of the different areas, manufacturing a training sample set of the non-areas of the city, extracting the roof outlines of the different areas on the basis, and further calculating the total area of the roof of the city building. The total solar annual radiation in the area is then calculated and the installed capacity of the roof photovoltaic is estimated. And finally, calculating the power generation potential of the photovoltaic of the whole urban roof according to the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic equipment. Compared with the traditional roof profile extraction method, the roof profile extraction method based on the regional areas fully considers the situation that building types of different urban functional areas are different, so that samples are more representative, and the accuracy of roof profile acquisition can be improved. Meanwhile, the technical method of the invention can be applied to a large-scale research area, has good popularization and can be suitable for most cities.
2. The invention divides the city into different functional areas and extracts the roof outline respectively, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of extracting the roof outline and roof area of a large-scale research area.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals or letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, which includes step S1, step S2 and step S3.
Step S1, acquiring a city land map of a target city, wherein the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes;
step S2, acquiring a division rule based on the functional area, and completing division of the remote sensing image of the target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
first, functional areas not provided with roof photovoltaics are classified and removed according to the functional areas of the urban land map, that is, functional areas where buildings capable of installing photovoltaics are not provided. Taking Xiamen city as an example, the functional areas to be removed include road and traffic facilities, green and square, agriculture and forestry, and river water systems. Then, the remaining functional areas are combined into four types, and industrial, logistics storage and regional transportation facilities are combined into an industrial area; sports, medical and health, culture, public facilities, administrative offices and education and scientific research areas are combined into a public area; commercial service industry and residential land are individually classified. The functional areas in the floor plan of different cities are different, but can be divided into four categories. The specific implementation steps are step S21 and step S22;
step S21, obtaining a division rule based on the functional area, wherein the division rule is as follows: screening all functional areas, namely screening functional areas with roof photovoltaic conditions, wherein the functional areas with the roof photovoltaic conditions comprise industrial places, logistics storage places, regional transportation places, sports places, medical and health places, cultural facilities, public facilities, administrative places, education and scientific research places, commercial service places and residential places; combining the industrial land, the logistics storage land and the regional transportation facility land into an industrial region; combining sports land, medical and hygienic land, cultural facility land, public facility land, administrative office land and educational and scientific research land into a public area; the commercial service area is used as a commercial service area, and the residential area is used as a residential area;
and S22, acquiring a remote sensing image of the target city, and dividing the remote sensing image into an industrial area, a public area, a business service area and a resident area according to the division rule.
Cities are divided into industrial areas, public areas, business service areas, and residential areas according to division rules. The building types in each area are similar, most of the buildings in the industrial area are factories, the occupied area of the buildings is large, the building density is low, and a large continuous roof is arranged; the buildings in the public land areas are mostly dense high-rise buildings, and the roof area is medium; the roof of a commercial service area is typically not flat-topped; the density of the residential areas is high, and the roof area of a single building is small. The remote sensing image of the Xiamen city is also divided into an industrial area, a public area, a business service area and a residential area.
S3, calculating the total roof area corresponding to all areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
In the step, the concrete implementation steps for calculating the total roof area corresponding to all areas comprise the steps S31, S32 and S33;
step S31, respectively selecting typical samples in each category of areas on the remote sensing image of the target city, wherein the typical samples in the industrial area are factories, the typical samples in the public area are hospitals, schools or office buildings, the typical samples in the commercial service area are shops, and the typical samples in the residential area are residential buildings;
and respectively selecting an industrial area, a public area, a business service area, a residential area and typical building roofs in the Xiamen city remote sensing image as samples. The selected samples should be representative, the industrial area should select a factory as a sample, the public area should select a hospital or a school or an office building as a sample, the business service area should select a mall as a sample, and the residential area should select a residential building as a sample.
S32, marking the roof outline of all the roofs in the typical samples, and training the deep Labv3+ model after marking to obtain a trained model;
s33, inputting a remote sensing image of a target city into the trained model to obtain a roof profile corresponding to each category of region; inputting the roof profiles into ArcGIS software, calculating building roof areas corresponding to each roof profile, and adding all building roof areas to obtain the total roof area.
The specific implementation step of calculating the total solar annual radiation amount of the target city comprises the step S34; the calculation method of the total solar annual radiation amount adopts a sunny solar total radiation model in a climatology calculation method for calculation;
step S34, calculating the total solar annual radiation amount of the target city through a formula (1) and a formula (2), wherein the formula (1) and the formula (2) are as follows:
Q＝Q i (a+bS i ) (1)
in the formula (1) and the formula (2), Q is solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months in the target city; q (Q) i For the sunny day total solar radiation of the target city for 1-12 months,for the geographic latitude of the target city, H is the altitude of the target city, e is the month average water vapor pressure of the target city, i is the month number, C 0i For the first coefficient to be determined, C 1i For the second undetermined factor, C 2i For the third coefficient to be determined, C 3i A is a first fixed coefficient, b is a second fixed coefficient, S i Are percentages of solar radiation for each month.
Wherein Q is solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months in the target city, and the total annual solar radiation of the target city is the sum of the solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months in the target city; q (Q) i For example, to calculate the photovoltaic power generation potential of 2022 for the sunny solar total radiation of each month of 1-12 months of the target city, the sunny solar total radiation of each month of 2022 needs to be obtained; the geographic latitude of the target city is the geographic latitude of the central point of the target city; the altitude is the altitude of the central point of the target city; the specific values of the first coefficient to be determined, the second coefficient to be determined, the third coefficient to be determined and the fourth coefficient to be determined are shown in table 1; a. b is a fixed value, is a coefficient related to geographic latitude, and is a value of a and b according to the latitude value of the central point of the city, and the specific value is shown in a table 2; s is S i The percentage of sunlight in each month is the percentage of actual sunlight time and sunlight time, and the data published by the local weather bureau website can be queried.
TABLE 1
| i | C 0i | C 1i | C 2i | C 3i |
| 1 | 23120.6 | -354.568 | 0.427 | -128.731 |
| 2 | 22379.7 | -279.973 | 0.405 | -158.028 |
| 3 | 25758.2 | -222.744 | 0.513 | -170.84 |
| 4 | 26001.2 | -137.346 | 0.469 | -144.467 |
| 5 | 26802.2 | -63.730 | 0.472 | -119.828 |
| 6 | 22802.1 | 25.106 | 0.705 | -45.246 |
| 7 | 22397.1 | 26.478 | 0.876 | -11.659 |
| 8 | 21569.3 | -31.205 | 1.037 | 22.191 |
| 9 | 23208.5 | -153.511 | 0.710 | -28.131 |
| 10 | 28193.4 | -336.725 | 0.250 | -163.196 |
| 11 | 23275.5 | -338.163 | 0.370 | -92.329 |
| 12 | 22878.7 | -368.903 | 0.380 | -109.287 |
TABLE 2
The specific implementation step of calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total solar annual radiation amount comprises the following step S35;
step S35, calculating the installed capacity of the target city based on the total roof area and the formula (3), where the formula (3) is:
S＝A×P (3)
in the formula (3), S is the installed capacity, A is the total area of the roof, P is the photovoltaic installation coefficient, and the value is 0.7;
step S36, calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the installed capacity of the target city, the total annual solar radiation amount and a formula (4), wherein the formula (4) is as follows:
E p ＝Q×S×K (4)
in the formula (4), ep is the photovoltaic power generation amount, Q is the total solar annual radiation amount, and K is the energy conversion efficiency coefficient of the photovoltaic.
K is determined by the material of the photovoltaic panel and the energy conversion coefficient of the system, and the value is 15-25%.
The method comprises the steps of firstly removing areas without roof photovoltaic installation from all functional areas of a city divided by a map of urban land planning, merging the remaining functional areas into several types, dividing the city into different areas according to the areas, selecting typical samples of the different areas, manufacturing a training sample set of the non-areas of the city, extracting the roof outlines of the different areas on the basis, and further calculating the total area of the roof of the city building. The total solar annual radiation in the area is then calculated and the installed capacity of the roof photovoltaic is estimated. And finally, calculating the power generation potential of the photovoltaic of the whole urban roof according to the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic equipment. Compared with the traditional roof profile extraction method, the roof profile extraction method based on the regional areas fully considers the situation that building types of different urban functional areas are different, so that samples are more representative, and the accuracy of roof profile acquisition can be improved. Meanwhile, the technical method of the invention can be applied to a large-scale research area, has good popularization and can be suitable for most cities.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, which includes an acquisition module 701, a combination module 702, and a calculation module 703.
An obtaining module 701, configured to obtain a map of urban land used in a target city, where the map of urban land used includes a plurality of functional areas with different uses;
the merging module 702 is configured to obtain a division rule based on the functional area, and complete division of the remote sensing image of the target city according to the division rule, so as to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
a calculating module 703, configured to calculate a total roof area corresponding to all areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
In a specific embodiment of the disclosure, the merging module 702 further includes an obtaining unit 7021 and a dividing unit 7022.
An obtaining unit 7021, configured to obtain a division rule based on the functional area, where the division rule is: screening all functional areas, namely screening functional areas with roof photovoltaic conditions, wherein the functional areas with the roof photovoltaic conditions comprise industrial places, logistics storage places, regional transportation places, sports places, medical and health places, cultural facilities, public facilities, administrative places, education and scientific research places, commercial service places and residential places; combining the industrial land, the logistics storage land and the regional transportation facility land into an industrial region; combining sports land, medical and hygienic land, cultural facility land, public facility land, administrative office land and educational and scientific research land into a public area; the commercial service area is used as a commercial service area, and the residential area is used as a residential area;
the dividing unit 7022 is configured to obtain a remote sensing image of a target city, and divide the remote sensing image into an industrial area, a public area, a business service area, and a residential area according to the dividing rule.
In a specific embodiment of the disclosure, the computing module 703 further includes a selecting unit 7031, a training unit 7032, and a first computing unit 7033.
A selecting unit 7031, configured to select, on a remote sensing image of a target city, a typical sample in each category of an area, where the typical sample in the industrial area is a factory, the typical sample in the public area is a hospital, a school, or an office building, the typical sample in the business service area is a mall, and the typical sample in the residential area is a residential building;
the training unit 7032 is used for marking the roof outline of all the roofs in the typical samples, and training the deep labv3+ model after marking to obtain a trained model;
a first computing unit 7033, configured to input a remote sensing image of a target city into the trained model, and obtain a roof profile corresponding to each category of region; inputting the roof profiles into ArcGIS software, calculating building roof areas corresponding to each roof profile, and adding all building roof areas to obtain the total roof area.
In a specific embodiment of the disclosure, the computing module 703 further includes a second computing unit 7034.
A second calculating unit 7034, configured to calculate a total amount of solar annual radiation of the target city according to formula (1) and formula (2), where formula (1) and formula (2) are:
Q＝Q i (a+bS i ) (1)
in the formula (1) and the formula (2), Q is solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months of the target city, and Q i For the sunny day total solar radiation of the target city for 1-12 months,for the geographic latitude of the target city, H is the altitude of the target city, e is the month average water vapor pressure of the target city, i is the month number, C 0i For the first coefficient to be determined, C 1i For the second undetermined factor, C 2i For the third coefficient to be determined, C 3i A is a first fixed coefficient, b is a second fixed coefficient, S i Are percentages of solar radiation for each month.
In a specific embodiment of the disclosure, the computing module 703 further includes a third computing unit 7035 and a fourth computing unit 7036.
Third calculating unit 7035, configured to calculate the installed capacity of the target city based on the total roof area and formula (3), where formula (3) is:
S＝A×P (3)
in the formula (3), S is the installed capacity, A is the total area of the roof, P is the photovoltaic installation coefficient, and the value is 0.7;
a fourth calculating unit 7036, configured to calculate a photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the installed capacity of the target city, the total annual solar radiation amount, and a formula (4), where the formula (4) is:
E p ＝Q×S×K (4)
in the formula (4), ep is the photovoltaic power generation amount, Q is the total solar annual radiation amount, and K is the energy conversion efficiency coefficient of the photovoltaic.
It should be noted that, regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which the respective modules perform the operations has been described in detail in the embodiments regarding the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 3
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for estimating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof, and the apparatus for estimating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof described below and the method for estimating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof described above may be referred to correspondingly to each other.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus 800 for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban rooftop according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus 800 for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof may include: a processor 801, a memory 802. The city roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation device 800 can also include one or more of a multimedia component 803, an input/output (I/O) interface 804, and a communication component 805.
Wherein the processor 801 is configured to control the overall operation of the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation apparatus 800 to perform all or part of the steps of the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation method described above. The memory 802 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the estimation device 800 of the urban rooftop photovoltaic power generation potential, such data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the estimation device 800 of the urban rooftop photovoltaic power generation potential, as well as application related data, such as contact data, messages, pictures, audio, video, and so forth. The Memory 802 may be implemented by any type or combination of volatile or non-volatile Memory devices, such as static random access Memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM for short), electrically erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM for short), erasable programmable Read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM for short), programmable Read-Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM for short), read-Only Memory (ROM for short), magnetic Memory, flash Memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The multimedia component 803 may include a screen and an audio component. Wherein the screen may be, for example, a touch screen, the audio component being for outputting and/or inputting audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signals may be further stored in the memory 802 or transmitted through the communication component 805. The audio assembly further comprises at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I/O interface 804 provides an interface between the processor 801 and other interface modules, which may be a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 805 is configured to provide wired or wireless communication between the city roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation device 800 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, bluetooth, near field communication (Near FieldCommunication, NFC for short), 2G, 3G or 4G, or a combination of one or more thereof, the respective communication component 805 may thus comprise: wi-Fi module, bluetooth module, NFC module.
In an exemplary embodiment, the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation device 800 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASIC), digital signal processors (DigitalSignal Processor, abbreviated as DSP), digital signal processing devices (Digital Signal Processing Device, abbreviated as DSPD), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, abbreviated as PLD), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGA), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components for performing the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation methods described above.
In another exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is also provided, comprising program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method of estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be the memory 802 including program instructions described above, which are executable by the processor 801 of the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation apparatus 800 to perform the urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation method described above.
Example 4
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, the disclosure further provides a readable storage medium, where the readable storage medium is described below and the above method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof can be referred to correspondingly.
A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method for estimating urban rooftop photovoltaic power generation potential of an embodiment of the method described above.
The readable storage medium may be a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for estimating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the urban roof is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a city land map of a target city, wherein the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes;
based on the functional area, obtaining a division rule, and completing division of remote sensing images of a target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
calculating the total roof area corresponding to all areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
2. The method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to claim 1, wherein obtaining a division rule based on the functional area, and completing division of a remote sensing image of a target city according to the division rule, to obtain a plurality of types of areas, comprises:
obtaining a division rule based on the functional area, wherein the division rule is as follows: screening all functional areas, namely screening functional areas with roof photovoltaic conditions, wherein the functional areas with the roof photovoltaic conditions comprise industrial places, logistics storage places, regional transportation places, sports places, medical and health places, cultural facilities, public facilities, administrative places, education and scientific research places, commercial service places and residential places; combining the industrial land, the logistics storage land and the regional transportation facility land into an industrial region; combining sports land, medical and hygienic land, cultural facility land, public facility land, administrative office land and educational and scientific research land into a public area; the commercial service area is used as a commercial service area, and the residential area is used as a residential area;
and acquiring a remote sensing image of the target city, and dividing the remote sensing image into an industrial area, a public area, a business service area and a resident area according to the dividing rule.
3. The method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to claim 2, characterized in that calculating the total area of the roof corresponding to all areas comprises:
respectively selecting typical samples in each category of areas on the remote sensing image of the target city, wherein the typical samples in the industrial area are factories, the typical samples in the public area are hospitals, schools or office buildings, the typical samples in the commercial service area are markets, and the typical samples in the residential area are residential buildings;
marking the roof outline of the roof in all the typical samples, and training the deep Labv3+ model after marking to obtain a trained model;
inputting the remote sensing image of the target city into the trained model to obtain the roof outline corresponding to each category of region; inputting the roof profiles into ArcGIS software, calculating building roof areas corresponding to each roof profile, and adding all building roof areas to obtain the total roof area.
4. The method of estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof according to claim 1, wherein calculating the total amount of solar annual radiation of the target city comprises:
calculating the total solar annual radiation amount of the target city through a formula (1) and a formula (2), wherein the formula (1) and the formula (2) are as follows:
Q＝Q i (a+bS i ) (1)
in the formula (1) and the formula (2), Q is solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months of the target city, and Q i For the sunny day total solar radiation of the target city for 1-12 months,for the geographic latitude of the target city, H is the altitude of the target city, e is the month average water vapor pressure of the target city, i is the month number, C 0i For the first coefficient to be determined, C 1i For the second undetermined factor, C 2i For the third coefficient to be determined, C 3i A is a first fixed coefficient, b is a second fixed coefficient, S i Are percentages of solar radiation for each month.
5. Urban roof photovoltaic power generation potential estimation device, characterized by comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a control module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a city land map of a target city, and the city land map comprises a plurality of functional areas with different purposes;
the merging module is used for acquiring a division rule based on the functional area, and dividing the remote sensing image of the target city according to the division rule to obtain a plurality of types of areas;
the calculation module is used for calculating the total roof area corresponding to all the areas; and calculating the total annual solar radiation amount of the target city, and calculating the photovoltaic power generation potential of the target city based on the total roof area and the total annual solar radiation amount.
6. The apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a city roof of claim 5, wherein the combining module comprises:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a division rule based on the functional area, wherein the division rule is as follows: screening all functional areas, namely screening functional areas with roof photovoltaic conditions, wherein the functional areas with the roof photovoltaic conditions comprise industrial places, logistics storage places, regional transportation places, sports places, medical and health places, cultural facilities, public facilities, administrative places, education and scientific research places, commercial service places and residential places; combining the industrial land, the logistics storage land and the regional transportation facility land into an industrial region; combining sports land, medical and hygienic land, cultural facility land, public facility land, administrative office land and educational and scientific research land into a public area; the commercial service area is used as a commercial service area, and the residential area is used as a residential area;
the division unit is used for acquiring the remote sensing image of the target city and dividing the remote sensing image into an industrial area, a public area, a business service area and a resident area according to the division rule.
7. The apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to claim 6, characterized by a calculation module comprising:
the system comprises a selection unit, a storage unit and a storage unit, wherein the selection unit is used for respectively selecting typical samples in each category of areas on a remote sensing image of a target city, the typical samples in the industrial area are factories, the typical samples in the public area are hospitals, schools or office buildings, the typical samples in the commercial service area are shops, and the typical samples in the residential area are residential buildings;
the training unit is used for marking the roof outline of all the roofs in the typical samples, and training the deep Labv3+ model after marking to obtain a trained model;
the first calculation unit is used for inputting the remote sensing image of the target city into the trained model to obtain the roof profile corresponding to each category of region; inputting the roof profiles into ArcGIS software, calculating building roof areas corresponding to each roof profile, and adding all building roof areas to obtain the total roof area.
8. The apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to claim 5, characterized by a calculation module comprising:
a second calculating unit, configured to calculate a total annual solar radiation amount of the target city according to formula (1) and formula (2), where formula (1) and formula (2) are:
Q＝Q i (a+bS i ) (1)
in the formula (1) and the formula (2), Q is solar radiation of each month of 1-12 months of the target city, and Q i For the sunny day total solar radiation of the target city for 1-12 months,for the geographic latitude of the target city, H is the altitude of the target city, e is the month average water vapor pressure of the target city, i is the month number, C 0i For the first coefficient to be determined, C 1i For the second undetermined factor, C 2i For the third coefficient to be determined, C 3i A is a first fixed coefficient, b is a second fixed coefficient, S i For each ofPercentage of solar exposure in the month.
9. An apparatus for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of an urban roof according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing said computer program.
10. A medium, characterized by: the medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for estimating photovoltaic power generation potential of a urban roof according to any of claims 1 to 4.
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