CN117629645A - Test device and method for simulating rub-impact fault of extrusion oil film damper rotor system - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating rub-impact fault of extrusion oil film damper rotor system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device and a test method for simulating friction faults of a rotor system of an extrusion oil film damper.A vertical movable support is in sliding connection with a guide rail structure on the horizontal movable support through a horizontal movable guide rail at the lower part of the vertical movable support; the stator case is positioned at the periphery of the rotor friction ring to be tested; and the horizontal moving guide rail and the vertical moving guide rail are provided with a gap feedback sensor and a stepping motor, so as to control the movement of the horizontal moving guide rail and the vertical moving guide rail. According to the test method, the rub input parameters can be changed according to the actual test requirements, and three main forms of the transfer static rub faults, namely single-point rub, local rub and whole-week rub, are dynamically simulated; through adjusting the signal acquisition and signal control module, initial clearance and clearance change rule of rotor and stator in the active control test, different rub-impact faults are intelligently simulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aero-engines, and relates to a test device and a test method for simulating friction faults of a rotor system of an extrusion oil film damper.
Background
Because of the complex structure and severe working condition, the vibration problem of the aero-engine is quite prominent and troublesome all the time. At present, the design and development work of a new generation of aeroengines are being developed in China, and high reliability and high thrust-weight ratio are the primary indexes. Therefore, the engine structure is lighter and more complex in bearing load, and the vibration problem of the engine is more prominent, so that the possibility of occurrence of vibration faults of the engine is increased. The structural reliability of the engine can be seriously reduced due to vibration faults, the performance stability of the engine is influenced, the service cycle of the engine is shortened, and even catastrophic accidents of the engine destruction and the death are caused.
The extrusion oil film damper rotor system is one of main vibration faults of an aeroengine, and the phenomenon of the extrusion oil film damper rotor system is that gaps between a rotor and a stator structure are reduced, and mutual contact, collision and friction occur between rotating and static parts. Rub-impact can introduce nonlinear factors, seriously affect the vibration characteristics of a rotor system, and even cause serious problems such as rotor instability. Therefore, the scholars design various test devices and methods for simulating the rub-impact faults of the extrusion oil film damper rotor system so as to reveal the form and mechanism of the rub-impact faults and the influence rules of the rub-impact faults on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system and the vibration reduction performance of the extrusion oil film damper.
The transfer static rub faults can be mainly divided into three main forms, namely single point rub, local rub and whole week rub, see literature: ma Hui, yang Jian, song Rongze, can sea strength, wen Bangchun. Rotor systems rub against failure experimental study progress and hope [ J ]. Vibration and impact 2014;33 (6) 1-2; literature: yellow, national publication Liu Yi, liu Taili, liu Wei, liu Defeng, li Xin. Test bed for simulation of engine gas path failure. Collision and Moire failure experiment, research [ J ]. Measurement and control technique, 2021. The single point rub is a fault phenomenon that only point contact occurs between a rotor and a stator in a rotor system, a rub rod or a single bolt is mainly adopted for simulating the stator in a test, a brass screw is adopted for simulating the stator in Muszynaka, and the fault characteristics of the rotor system when the rotor is slightly and seriously rubbed are studied, and the method is as follows: muszynska a. Rotor-to-stationary element rub-related vibration phenomena in rotating machinery-literature survey [ J ]. The Shock and Vibration digest.1989Mar 1;21 (3):3-11.. Li Yuchun and the like adopt a flexible point rubbing device to carry out a flexible rubbing experiment of a rotating shaft and a copper rod, and see the literature: li Yuchun, liu Yongkai. Single span rotor Flexible rub vibration Property study [ J ]. Modern machinery 2011 (5): 12-4. Huang Baohua and the like simulate rotor-stator rub faults by adopting up-and-down movable rub screws, and transient impact force is measured by an impedance head during rub, see literature: huang Baohua and Yang Jiangang inverse analysis method for identifying external excitation force of impact grinding rotor-bearing system [ J ]. Chinese Motor engineering report 2000;20 (3):10-2. Zhang Tiancheng and the like design a rubbing device comprising a copper bar and a support with a threaded hole, and fixed-point rubbing can be realized by tightening the copper bar, see the literature: zhang Tiancheng, cao Shuqian, li Liqing, guo Hulun. Bump-to-mole dual rotor system flexural-torsional coupled vibration analysis and experiment [ J ]. Aerodynamics report. 2019;34 (3):643-55.
Localized rubbing is the most common rubbing form, and refers to the phenomenon that a rotor contacts with multiple points or one or more areas on a stator in a rotor system, and is described in literature: ma Hui, yang Jian, song Rongze, can sea strength, wen Bangchun. Rotor systems rub against failure experimental study progress and hope [ J ]. Vibration and impact 2014;33 (6) 1-2; . Wang Siji and the like design an experimental device capable of simulating a local rub fault, which consists of a rub support and a rub ring, wherein the rub ring is arranged in a clamping groove to axially position the rub ring. The rigidity of bumping the friction ring is less, bumps the friction ring and produces radial deformation through adjusting the screw that equipartition was on bumping the friction support to change and change quiet clearance, realize changeing quiet bumping the friction, see literature: wang Siji, liao Mingfu, jiang Yunfan, ding Xiaofei. Counter-rotating twin rotor partial rub fault experiment [ J ]. Propulsion technique 2013 (1): 31-6. Liu Pengpeng and the like are designed to an aero-engine compressor rub fault simulation experiment platform, which comprises rub rotor components, detachable rub materials, rub feeding devices, a feed control unit and rub impact force measuring units, and is characterized in that: liu Pengpeng, zuo Hongfu, U.S. Pat. No. Wen Zhenhua, bai Fang on-line monitoring and diagnosing of collision and friction faults of aero-engines [ J ]. Instructions on instrumentation 2013;34 (7):1603-8.. The device designed by Lahriri et al simulates multipoint fixed position friction by installing 4 protruding bolts in the circumferential direction of the inner ring surface of the bearing, and the device is disclosed in the literature: lahriri S, weber HI, santos IF, hartmann H.rotor-stator contact dynamics using a non-ideal drive-Theoretical and experimental aspects [ J ]. Journal of Sound and registration.2012Sep24; 331 (20):4518-36.. Nie Rimin and the like are arranged in the middle of a double-rotor experiment table, and rub with a high/low-voltage rotor in the experiment process, wherein the rub device is arc rub, and the stepping motor drives the device in literature: nie Rimin, cao Shuqian, guo Hulun. Aircraft engine dual rotor system high/low pressure turbine rub-impact vibration analysis [ J ]. Vibration and impact 2021. The stator designed by Chu and the like is made of softer aluminum alloy, the supporting frame is of a steel structure to increase the rigidity of the stator, and the rub-impact degree is adjusted by replacing the inner sleeve of the stator, so that the following documents: lu Wenxiu and Fulei. Experimental study on rotor System rub faults [ J ]. University of Qinghua journal of Nature science edition 2005;45 (5):614-7.. In the local friction experiment device designed to the exquisite and the like, a copper sleeve is adopted for manufacturing the stator inner sleeve, the copper sleeve is of a non-complete circumference and is provided with a gap, the copper sleeve is in contact with a rotating piece when a bolt is adjusted, and friction of the rotor stator is realized, see literature: rotor dynamic and static rub fault simulation and test study [ J ]. Lubrication and sealing 2005 (5): 78-80.
In Ma Hui et al, it is described that the whole circumference rubbing is a more serious rubbing form, that is, a rubbing form in which the rotor is always in contact with the stator during rotation and the contact position moves along the whole circumference of the stator. Therefore, the whole-cycle rubbing effect is only a friction effect and no collision effect is generated. Wear to construct and design the experiment device that rubs of energy storage flywheel rotor and stopper, accomplish the experiment that rotor and stopper are bumped locally and whole week, see literature: dai X, jin Z, zhang X.Dynamic behavior of the full rotor stop rubbing: numerical simulation and experimental verification [ J ]. Journal of Sound and visualization.2002Apr11; 251 807-22; and wear the construction, zhang Xiaozhang, jin Zhaoxiong. Measurement and analysis of rotor and stopper rub-impact contact time [ J ]. Mechanical science and technology, 2000;19 (5):810-2. Yu et al designed a rotor-seal whole circumference rub simulation apparatus, analyzed the occurrence condition and failure characteristics of reverse vortex whole circumference rub, see literature: yu JJ.On occurrence of reverse full annular rub [ J ]. In Turbo Expo: power for Land, sea, and Air 2011;54662:219-227; and Yu JJ, goldman P, benly DE, muzynska A.rotor/seal experimental and analytical study on full annular rub [ J ]. J.Eng.gas Turbines Power.2002Apr 1;124 (2):340-50..
According to the prior literature and the invention, domestic and foreign scholars respectively design different friction devices aiming at different friction faults, and research on nonlinear dynamics characteristics of a rotor system and vibration reduction performance of an extrusion oil film damper is carried out on the basis. However, the conventional rub-impact test apparatus and method have the following disadvantages:
(1) The existing test device and method mainly aims at a single rub-impact fault mode. The rotor system of the actual extrusion oil film damper can have various rub-impact faults, and meanwhile, different fault forms can be mutually converted due to load and working condition changes, so that the existing method cannot intelligently and dynamically meet the actual test requirements;
(2) The existing test device and method mainly adopts a passive structure, namely, the friction fault is simulated by changing the vibration quantity of the rotor system of the extrusion oil film damper. Therefore, most of the test rotors and stators need to be repeatedly adjusted for initial clearances and unbalanced loads to simulate rub-impact faults at a specific operating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a test device and a test method for simulating the rub-impact fault of a rotor system of an extrusion oil film damper.
Technical proposal
The test device for simulating friction faults of the extruded oil film damper rotor system is characterized by comprising a horizontal moving support 1, a horizontal moving guide rail 2, a vertical moving support 3, a vertical moving guide rail 4 and a stator casing 5; the vertical movable support 3 is in sliding connection with a guide rail structure on the horizontal movable support 1 through a horizontal movable guide rail 2 at the lower part of the vertical movable support; the stator case 5 is positioned at the periphery of the rotor friction ring 10 to be tested; a gap feedback sensor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail 2; the vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a gap feedback sensor; a stepping motor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail 2 to control the horizontal moving guide rail 2 to move on the guide rail of the horizontal moving support 1; the vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a stepping motor, and the vertical moving guide rail 4 is controlled to move on the vertical moving support 3.
The horizontal moving guide rail 2 is provided with a wireless control unit, and receives gap distance signals in the horizontal direction of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator casing 5, which are acquired by a gap feedback sensor.
The vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a wireless control unit and receives gap distance signals in the vertical direction of the friction ring 10 and the stator casing 5, which are acquired by a gap feedback sensor.
The method for testing the friction fault of the rotor system of the simulated extrusion oil film damper by adopting the test device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing the horizontal moving support 1 on a test platform, wherein a stator case 5 is positioned at the periphery of a rotor friction ring 10 to be tested;
the moving direction of the horizontal moving guide rail 2 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor system;
setting working condition parameters of a rotor system;
setting an initial friction gap;
selecting a rub-impact form of an extrusion oil film damper rotor system to be researched;
the rotor system is driven by a motor to run according to the set working condition requirement, and the horizontal moving guide rail 2 is driven by a stepping motor to move towards the stator case 5 along the guide rail of the horizontal moving support 1;
gap distance signals of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator case 5 in the horizontal direction, which are acquired by the gap feedback sensor on the horizontal moving guide rail 2, and gap distance signals of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator case 5 in the vertical direction, which are acquired by the gap feedback sensor on the vertical moving guide rail 4.
The working condition parameters of the rotor system comprise an initial rotating speed, a rotating speed step length, a rotating speed range, a displacement sensor sensitivity, a photoelectric sensor range, a data sampling frequency, a data sampling time length and a data storage mode.
The rubbing forms comprise single-point rubbing, local rubbing and whole-cycle rubbing.
When the single point is touched and rubbed, the driving signal of the step motor is pulse excitation to simulate single point touch; when the local collision and friction occurs, the step motor excitation driving signal is a step signal, and the collision and friction are simulated; when the whole circumference is rubbed, the excitation driving signal of the stepping motor is a sine and cosine signal, and the friction in the process of rotor precession is simulated.
The stepper motor comprises or vertically moves a vertical drive motor on the rail 4 and horizontally moves a horizontal drive motor on the rail 2.
When the stepping motor is a horizontal driving motor on the horizontal moving guide rail 2, the rubbing motion in the horizontal direction is controlled.
When the stepping motor is a vertical driving motor on the vertical moving guide rail 4, the rubbing motion in the vertical direction is controlled.
Advantageous effects
According to the test device and the test method for simulating the rub-impact fault of the extruded oil film damper rotor system, the vertical movable support is in sliding connection with the guide rail structure on the horizontal movable support through the horizontal movable guide rail at the lower part of the vertical movable support; the stator case is positioned at the periphery of the rotor friction ring to be tested; and the horizontal moving guide rail and the vertical moving guide rail are provided with a gap feedback sensor and a stepping motor, so as to control the movement of the horizontal moving guide rail and the vertical moving guide rail.
The main innovation points and contributions of the test device and the test method are as follows:
(1) According to the actual requirement of the test, the input parameters of the rub are changed, and three main forms of the transfer static rub faults, namely single-point rub, local rub and whole-week rub are dynamically simulated;
(2) Through adjusting the signal acquisition and signal control module, initial clearance and clearance change rule of rotor and stator in the active control test, different rub-impact faults are intelligently simulated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the device of the present invention
In the figure: 1. a horizontal moving support; 2. a horizontal moving guide rail (comprising a wireless control unit, a gap feedback sensor and a stepping motor); 3. a vertically movable support; 4. a vertical moving guide rail (comprising a wireless control unit, a gap feedback sensor and a stepping motor); 5. stator case (material can be changed into aluminum, iron, rubber according to test requirement); 6. rotor flexible support (with squeeze film damper); 7. a rotor rigid support; 8. a rotor free disc; 9. a rotor rubbing disc; 10. rotor friction rings (the materials can be changed into aluminum, iron and rubber according to the test requirement, and the size of the rotor friction rings is smaller than that of a stator case); 11. and (5) a test platform.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of using the device of the present invention
FIG. 4 shows the test results of the device of the present invention
In the figure: a. time domain signals without rub-impact faults; b. there is a time domain signal of the rub-impact fault.
FIG. 5 shows three rub-impact tests of the device according to the invention
a: single point rubbing; b: local rubbing; c: whole week friction
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to examples, figures:
by using the test device and the test method, according to the use description, the intelligent simulation of the rub-impact fault of the rotor system of the extrusion oil film damper is carried out in the embodiment. The specific operation process is as follows:
and (3) installing and debugging a rotor system:
designing a tester according to the structural form and the supporting mode of the extruded oil film damper rotor system to be researched, installing the tester on a test platform, connecting a motor and a coupler, installing a sensor, debugging a connecting circuit, debugging a test system and the like. The rotor system for the test simulates a high-pressure rotor of an aero-engine and is of a simple two-pivot double-disc single-shaft structure. One of the supports is a flexible support and is provided with an extrusion oil film damper, and the other support is a rigid support. The rotor system is connected with the motor through a coupler, and the frequency converter drives the motor to drive the rotor system to rotate positively.
Rotor system working condition setting:
according to the test requirement of the extrusion oil film damper rotor system to be researched, working condition parameters of the rotor system are set in computer software, wherein the working condition parameters comprise an initial rotating speed (0 RPM), a rotating speed step length (10 RPM), a rotating speed range (0-5000 RPM), a displacement sensor sensitivity (8 mV/um), a photoelectric sensor range (30-40 mm), a data sampling frequency (8192 Hz), a data sampling duration (12 s), a data storage mode (automatically. Mat format) and the like.
And (3) installing and debugging a friction system:
according to the test requirement of the rotor system of the extrusion oil film damper to be researched, a rub-impact system, a connecting circuit, a feedback sensor, a debugging control system and the like are arranged at the position, corresponding to the wheel disc, of the rotor system on the test platform.
The device comprises a horizontal moving support 1, a horizontal moving guide rail 2, a vertical moving support 3, a vertical moving guide rail 4 and a stator casing 5; the vertical movable support 3 is in sliding connection with a guide rail structure on the horizontal movable support 1 through a horizontal movable guide rail 2 at the lower part of the vertical movable support; the stator case 5 is positioned at the periphery of the rotor friction ring 10 to be tested; a gap feedback sensor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail 2; the vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a gap feedback sensor; a stepping motor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail 2 to control the horizontal moving guide rail 2 to move on the guide rail of the horizontal moving support 1; the vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a stepping motor, and the vertical moving guide rail 4 is controlled to move on the vertical moving support 3.
The horizontal moving guide rail 2 is provided with a wireless control unit, and receives gap distance signals in the horizontal direction of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator casing 5, which are acquired by a gap feedback sensor.
The vertical moving guide rail 4 is provided with a wireless control unit and receives gap distance signals in the vertical direction of the friction ring 10 and the stator casing 5, which are acquired by a gap feedback sensor.
When in installation: placing the horizontal moving support 1 on a test platform, wherein a stator case 5 is positioned at the periphery of a rotor friction ring 10 to be tested;
the moving direction of the horizontal moving guide rail 2 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor system;
the horizontal and vertical movement control of the friction system for the test adopts WIFI transmission signals, the signals are sent out by a computer, and a stepping motor is driven to move horizontally and vertically so as to dynamically change the gap between a rotor and a stator.
Initial gap setting of rubbing:
according to the test requirement of the rotor system of the extrusion oil film damper to be researched, the gap between the rotor and the stator in the rotor system under the working condition to be tested is estimated, and the initial rubbing gap (about 500 um) is manually set.
The friction form is selected:
and respectively setting the motion rules of the horizontal and vertical moving guide rails in the rub-impact system, and simulating different rub-impact forms. The single-point touch and rub is pulse excitation, and single-point touch is simulated; the local rub is a step signal, and the collision and friction are simulated; the whole circumference rub is sine and cosine signal, which simulates the friction in the rotor precession process.
Three rub forms of squeeze film damper rotor systems to be investigated were selected: see fig. 5: including single point rub, localized rub, and whole week rub. .
Rotor system operation:
the rotor system is driven by a motor to run according to the set working condition requirement, and the horizontal moving guide rail 2 is driven by a stepping motor to move towards the stator case 5 along the guide rail of the horizontal moving support 1;
gap distance signals of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator case 5 in the horizontal direction, which are acquired by the gap feedback sensor on the horizontal moving guide rail 2, and gap distance signals of the rubbing ring 10 and the stator case 5 in the vertical direction, which are acquired by the gap feedback sensor on the vertical moving guide rail 4.
When single-point touch and rubbing is selected, the step motor excitation driving signal is pulse excitation, and single-point touch is simulated;
when the local collision and friction occurs, the step motor excitation driving signal is a step signal, and the collision and friction are simulated;
when the whole circumference rubs, the driving signal excited by the stepping motor is a sine and cosine signal, and the friction in the rotor precession process is simulated.
When single point rubbing, local rubbing and whole circumference rubbing in the vertical direction are selected, the excitation driving signal is sent to a vertical driving motor on a vertical moving guide rail 4;
when single point rubbing, partial rubbing and whole circumference rubbing in the horizontal direction are selected, the excitation driving signal is sent to a horizontal driving motor on the horizontal moving guide rail 2.
And starting an operation button, and operating the rotor system under the drive of the motor according to the set working condition requirement. In the running process, the vibration condition of the rotor system is monitored, and if an emergency occurs, a brake button is pressed to stop the machine, so that the rotor system is protected.
Rub-impact fault simulation, signal acquisition and result analysis:
the vibration signals collected by the displacement sensor are transmitted to a computer through a conditioner, and the signals are processed, analyzed and stored according to the time domain signals collected under different rub-impact fault modes, so that preparation is made for the follow-up disclosure of the form and mechanism of the rub-impact fault and the influence law of the vibration-impact fault on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system and the vibration-reduction performance of the extrusion oil film damper.
Claims (10)
1. The test device for simulating the rub-impact fault of the extruded oil film damper rotor system is characterized by comprising a horizontal moving support (1), a horizontal moving guide rail (2), a vertical moving support (3), a vertical moving guide rail (4) and a stator casing (5); the vertical movable support (3) is in sliding connection with a guide rail structure on the horizontal movable support (1) through a horizontal movable guide rail (2) at the lower part of the vertical movable support; the stator case (5) is positioned at the periphery of the rotor friction ring (10) to be tested; a gap feedback sensor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail (2); the vertical moving guide rail (4) is provided with a gap feedback sensor; a stepping motor is arranged on the horizontal moving guide rail (2) to control the horizontal moving guide rail (2) to move on the guide rail of the horizontal moving support (1); the vertical moving guide rail (4) is provided with a stepping motor, and the vertical moving guide rail (4) is controlled to move on the vertical moving support (3).
2. The test device for simulating rub-impact failure of a squeeze film damper rotor system according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal moving guide rail (2) is provided with a wireless control unit, and receives gap distance signals in the horizontal direction of the rubbing ring (10) and the stator casing (5) acquired by the gap feedback sensor.
3. The test device for simulating rub-impact failure of a squeeze film damper rotor system according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical moving guide rail (4) is provided with a wireless control unit, and receives gap distance signals in the vertical direction of the rubbing ring (10) and the stator case (5) collected by the gap feedback sensor.
4. A method for testing by using the test device for simulating rub-impact faults of a rotor system of an extrusion oil film damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the horizontal moving support (1) is arranged on a test platform, and the stator case (5) is positioned at the periphery of a rotor friction ring (10) to be tested;
the moving direction of the horizontal moving guide rail (2) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotor system;
setting working condition parameters of a rotor system;
setting an initial friction gap;
selecting a rub-impact form of an extrusion oil film damper rotor system to be researched;
the rotor system is driven by a motor to run according to the set working condition requirement, and the horizontal moving guide rail (2) is driven by a stepping motor to move towards the stator case (5) along the guide rail of the horizontal moving support (1);
gap distance signals of a rubbing ring (10) and a stator case (5) collected by a gap feedback sensor on a horizontal moving guide rail (2) and gap distance signals of the rubbing ring (10) and the stator case (5) in the vertical direction collected by a gap feedback sensor on a vertical moving guide rail (4).
5. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the working condition parameters of the rotor system comprise an initial rotating speed, a rotating speed step length, a rotating speed range, a displacement sensor sensitivity, a photoelectric sensor range, a data sampling frequency, a data sampling time length and a data storage mode.
6. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the rubbing forms comprise single-point rubbing, local rubbing and whole-cycle rubbing.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: when the single point is touched and rubbed, the driving signal of the step motor is pulse excitation to simulate single point touch; when the local collision and friction occurs, the step motor excitation driving signal is a step signal, and the collision and friction are simulated; when the whole circumference is rubbed, the excitation driving signal of the stepping motor is a sine and cosine signal, and the friction in the process of rotor precession is simulated.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein: the stepping motor comprises a vertical driving motor or a vertical driving motor on a vertical moving guide rail (4) and a horizontal driving motor on a horizontal moving guide rail (2).
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein: when the stepping motor is a horizontal driving motor on the horizontal moving guide rail (2), the rubbing motion in the horizontal direction is controlled.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein: when the stepping motor is a vertical driving motor on the vertical moving guide rail (4), the rubbing motion in the vertical direction is controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
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