CN117620984A

CN117620984A - Precision positioning workbench

Info

Publication number: CN117620984A
Application number: CN202210984034.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈子豪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-08-17
Filing date: 2022-08-17
Publication date: 2024-03-01

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of general equipment, and discloses a precision positioning workbench. The device comprises a machine body, shaft sleeves and sliding bearings are fixed on upper and lower mounting surfaces of hollow columns at four corners of the machine body, and precise screw rods and screw rod nuts which are arranged at four corners of the machine body penetrate through the upper and lower surfaces of the machine body to form a guide mechanism and a rotary supporting function, a driving device driving belt rotates belt wheels on the precise screw rods, and relative rotation of the precise screw rods and the screw rod nuts forms lifting motion. The structure machine table capable of being independently and separately installed is used for the upper part and the lower part of a bearing table surface, needs enough working area space, and solves the technical problem that the traditional lifting mechanism cannot meet the technical requirement of the space size of the cross arrangement with other mechanisms of machine tool equipment because of occupying a large volume. The invention has compact and simplified structure, stable and accurate lifting and high transmission precision, and avoids blocking and tilting; the requirements of a horizontal plane and precise positioning of the bearing table-board in the lifting process are met.

Description

Precision positioning workbench

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of general equipment, in particular to a precision positioning workbench.

Background

In some general-purpose devices, the device is applied to a precision positioning workbench to perform precision assembly, machining and detection. In general, on the basis of a machine tool body of equipment, the machine is designed into a machine table structure mode with four upright posts and the machine tool body being fixed integrally, but not into a structure which can be independently and separately installed and used. Such machines are usually pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders as linear driving modes, but have potential problems of oil gas leakage and asynchronous pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders. When the control of up-down lifting adjustment and precise positioning is realized, an electric liquid servo valve system is needed, the adjustment and control difficulty is high, and the stability is poor. If a lifting device with better transmission precision is adopted, a guiding, transmission and locking mechanism is matched; the guide parts have high processing precision requirements, and the problems of limited transmission precision, complex structure, large volume and large motion parallel difficulty exist.

In the use process of lifting bearing, the common precision positioning working machine table causes asynchronous and non-parallel movement due to inconsistent, overlarge and abrasion of the clearance of the guide mechanism and poor rigidity; the structural balance is poor, the bearing table top is not horizontal, and the locking and the tilting are easy to generate. In some application occasions, the upper part and the lower part of the bearing table surface need to have enough working area space, and besides the fixed mounting feet at the lower part, the four sides as large as possible are transparent, other obstacles are not needed, the operation is not influenced, and the technical requirement of the equipment on the space size which needs to be arranged in a crossing way with other devices is met. Such as scissor-fork, center drive configurations, limit their application. Therefore, in order to solve the defects of the prior art structure and application, a structural machine with innovative design is needed to adapt to the increasing requirements of automatic equipment; the mechanism is simplified, the requirements of a horizontal plane and precise positioning of the bearing table-board in the lifting process can be met, and the installation and the use are easy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and application limitation of the prior art, and achieves the purposes of simple structure of the precision positioning working machine table, enough space available above and below the bearing table top, horizontal bearing table top and high transmission positioning precision by the technical means of configuring a transmission system and simplifying the design.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the general technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a precision positioning workstation, includes board body, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a precision screw rod and screw rod nuts which are arranged on the precision screw rod in a threaded fit way, the precision screw rod penetrates through hollow columns at four corners of the machine table body, the screw rod nuts are connected with shaft sleeves at four corners of the bearing table top, the sliding bearings are fixed on the mounting holes at the bottoms of the four-corner hollow columns, flanges are arranged at the bottoms of the precise screw rods, and driving belts distributed along the edges of four corners of the bearing table top are respectively meshed with belt wheels on the precise screw rods and driving belt wheels on the driving device.

The machine body is in a structure form of a bearing table top, four corner hollow columns below the bearing table top and a connecting wallboard, a box-like structure is formed, bending resistance bearing capacity is improved, the length direction of motion guiding performance is enhanced, and possible stress deformation is avoided.

The bottom of the precise screw rod supported by the four corners is provided with a flange, so that the precise screw rod is supported, and a machine table is conveniently installed on an equipment bed.

The transmission belt is a chain or a synchronous belt, has the characteristic of unchanged tooth-shaped transmission ratio, and is favorable for maintaining transmission precision.

The driving device is a motor connected with the reduction gearbox, the driving device is fixed on the machine table body through a supporting frame, the tensioning device is arranged on the bearing table top, and the tensioning assembly is connected with the supporting frame through a bolt through a fixing block thread on the bearing table top, so that the tightness degree of the transmission belt is adjusted.

The driving belt wheel is a driving chain wheel or a driving synchronous belt wheel.

The precise screw rod is provided with a belt wheel, the belt wheel is a chain wheel or a synchronous belt wheel, and the belt wheel is matched with a transmission belt, so that the tooth form is ensured to be in complete meshing transmission.

The motor is a motor with brake or a servo motor with brake and is connected with the controller, so that the requirements of positioning and locking are effectively met.

Further, the precise screw rod and screw rod nut are adopted for transmission, and the device has the characteristics of high precision, quick response and high reliability; the motor is utilized to output through the rotation of the reduction gearbox, so that the transmission resolution is improved, and the precision performance is fully ensured.

Furthermore, the precise positioning workbench is characterized in that a reduction gearbox is adopted to achieve the principle of improving transmission resolution; the motor rotates the transmission resolution, i.e. the minimum motion step that is produced. Because the motor outputs through the rotation of the reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox transmission output revolution is reduced by times than the motor revolution, the displacement value is reduced, the transmission resolution is improved, and the corresponding precision screw rod displacement precision is increased. The calculation formula is as follows: l=n×t×p/i.

Wherein: l is a displacement value, n is a motor rotating speed, t is motor running time, p is screw pitch of a screw rod, and i is a reduction ratio of a reduction gearbox >1.

The fixed support on the machine body is provided with a position sensor, and the position height of the fixed support can be adjusted. The relative height position of the bearing table top and the precise screw rod is fed back through the position sensor, and the motor is driven and controlled by the controller, so that the requirements of conveniently lifting and adjusting the position height and precise positioning are met.

The position sensor is a linear position sensor or a position switch.

The precise screw rod penetrates through the hollow columns at four corners of the machine body, and can be arranged in a plurality of modes. According to the application of the shape and the size of the machine body, the number of the precise screw rods is increased or decreased correspondingly.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, compare with prior art, possess following beneficial effect:

1. compared with the traditional machine table structure integrated with the machine body, the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder is not needed, an electric liquid servo valve system is not needed, and a plurality of adverse factors caused by pneumatic and hydraulic transmission are not needed to be considered. The lifting device is not arranged, an independent guide mechanism is not arranged, and a locking device is not required. The four corners of the bottom of the machine table are only provided with flanges for supporting and installing, so that the machine table is convenient to flexibly arrange, and the machine table is a structural machine table capable of being independently and separately installed. The four-angle precise screw rod and screw rod nut of the bearing table top are driven and guided into a compact and simplified structure, the stability is good, the occupied volume of the mechanism device is reduced, the space of the upper part and the lower part of the bearing table top is large, and the four-side operation of the lower part is easy. Solves the technical requirement that the traditional lifting mechanism occupies a larger volume and cannot meet the space size of equipment which needs to be crossed with other devices.

2. The precision screw rod and screw rod nut have high transmission precision and low failure rate, and the transmission resolution is improved due to the rotation output of the motor through the reduction gearbox, so that higher transmission precision is obtained, and the displacement precision of the bearing table top is easier to adjust and control to the accurate position height. The synchronous rotation of each screw rod ensures good balance performance, and the bearing table surface is always a horizontal plane in the movement process. The motor with the brake has an instantaneous locking function, and ensures the precise positioning performance of the machine. The invention provides a precision positioning workbench which is used as a mechanical structure form with high efficiency, simplicity, high position precision and reliable performance; the problem that the motion of the bearing table top is not parallel, and the mechanism is blocked and inclined is effectively solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the precision lead screw nut assembly of the present invention of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a shown in fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. a machine body; 2. a driving device; 3. a precise screw rod; 4. a screw nut; 5. a position sensor; 6. a fixed bracket; 7. a transmission belt; 8. a tensioning assembly; 9. a sliding bearing; 10. a belt wheel; 11. a flange; 12. a shaft sleeve; 13. a support frame; 14. a driving belt wheel; 15. a bearing; 16. a bearing end cap; 17. a limit seat; 18. a bearing table top; 19. connecting the wall plates; 20. A hollow column; 21. a shaft clamping retainer A; 22. a shaft blocking ring B; 23. a controller; 201. a motor; 202. A reduction gearbox.

Detailed Description

In order that the manner in which the invention is attained and its advantages are readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the embodiments of the present invention, such as embodiments which are used only without changing the basic principle of the claims, are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "lifting," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted", "fixed", "fastened", "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, screwed or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case. Furthermore, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description presented herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the precision positioning working machine comprises a machine body 1, a precision screw rod 3 and screw nuts 4 which are in threaded fit with the precision screw rod 3 and are arranged on the precision screw rod 3, wherein the machine body 1 is used as an installation support of a bearing table 8 and each part, the hollow columns 20 penetrate through four corners of the machine body 1, inner cavities of the hollow columns 20 are used as installation spaces of the precision screw rod 3, and the hollow columns 20 play a protective role on the precision screw rod 3. The screw nut 4 is connected with the shaft sleeves 12 at four corners of the bearing table top 18, and the shaft sleeves 12 are fixed at four corners of the bearing table top 18. The sliding bearing 9 is fixed on the mounting hole at the bottom of the quadrangular hollow column 20 and plays a role in matching and guiding with the relative motion of the precise screw rod 3; the bottom of the precise screw rod 3 is provided with a flange 11 which plays a role in supporting four corners of the precise screw rod 3 and is convenient to install on a machine bed. The conveyor belts 7 distributed along the four corners of the bearing table 18 are respectively meshed and connected with the belt pulley 10 on the precision screw rod 3 and the driving belt pulley 14 on the driving device 2.

The machine body 1 is in a structure form of a bearing table top 18, a lower four-corner hollow column 20 and a connecting wall plate 19, a box-shaped structure is formed, bending resistance bearing capacity is improved, the length direction of motion guiding performance is enhanced, and possible stress deformation is avoided, so that integral rigidity precision and installation connection strength are ensured. The bearing table top 18 can be flexibly provided with holes, so that the working requirements of the application of the precision assembly, processing and detection device are met.

The bottom of the precise screw rod 3 supported by four corners is provided with the flange 11, which plays a supporting role on the precise screw rod 3, and is convenient for the machine to be installed on the equipment bed, so that the safety and stability of the machine and the installation and fixation are facilitated. Thus, the occupied space for bottom installation is small; the space below the bearing table top is transparent and large enough, and the requirement that equipment needs to be arranged in a crossing way with other devices is met. The embodiment of the precision positioning working machine table also comprises a bearing 15 embedded in the flange 11, the bearing is connected with the end part of the precision screw rod 3, and a bearing end cover 16 is arranged above the bearing 15.

In order to ensure the reliability of transmission, the transmission belt 7 is a chain or a synchronous belt, has the characteristic of unchanged tooth-shaped transmission ratio, and is favorable for maintaining transmission precision. The driving belt is distributed along four corners of the bearing table surface, so that the space above the bearing table surface is enough for a working area.

The driving device 2 is a motor 201 connected with a reduction gearbox 202, the driving device 2 is fixed on the machine table body 1 by a support frame 13, the tensioning assembly 8 is mounted on the bearing table surface 18, and the tensioning assembly 8 is connected with the support frame 13 by bolts through fixed block threads on the bearing table surface 18 to adjust the tightness degree of the transmission belt 7. The driving pulley 14 is fixed on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 202 to drive the driving belt 7 to run. The waist-shaped mounting holes convenient for adjustment and movement are formed in the mounting bottom of the support frame 13 so as to adapt to the fastening and adjustment of the bolts and the nuts, so that the state of the transmission belt 7 is adjusted to be proper tightness, and the transmission stability is ensured.

The driving pulley 14 is a driving sprocket or a driving synchronous pulley, and is connected to the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 202 through a key.

The precise screw rod 3 is provided with a belt wheel 10, the belt wheel 10 is a chain wheel or a synchronous belt wheel, and the type matched with the transmission belt 7 ensures the complete meshing transmission of the tooth shape. The pulley 10 arranged on the upper part of the precise screw rod 3 is provided with an internal spline, the upper part of the precise screw rod 3 is also provided with corresponding spline grooves which meet the sliding stroke length of the pulley 10 and are in sliding connection with each other, the shaft blocking ring A21 is fastened on the screw rod nut 4, so that the connection between the pulley 10 and the screw rod nut 4 cannot be axially separated, and meanwhile, the shaft blocking ring B22 arranged on the screw rod nut 4 ensures the effective connection with the shaft sleeve 12. The belt wheel 10 transmits the acting force of the transmission belt 7 so as to drive the precise screw rod 3 to rotate positively and negatively, and the screw nut 4 connected with the shaft sleeves 12 on the four corners of the bearing table top 18 drives the machine table body 1 to move along the precise screw rod 3, so that the machine table body 1 synchronously and parallelly moves up and down on the precise screw rods 3 on the four corners. The limit seat 17 of the precise screw rod 3 has the over-travel lifting safety limit function.

The motor 201 is a motor with brake or a servo motor with brake, is connected with the controller 23, is driven and controlled by the controller 23, ensures the instantaneous and accurate action of braking and positioning, and effectively meets the requirements of positioning and locking. The controller 23 can be a frequency converter, a servo controller or a speed regulator, and can play a good role in regulating and protecting the motor 201, and the basic requirement is to meet the requirement of timely starting and stopping.

Further, the precise screw rod 3 and the screw rod nut 4 are perpendicular to the upper and lower mounting surfaces of the four corners of the machine body 1, and simultaneously, the sliding bearings 9 of the mounting holes at the bottoms of the hollow columns 20 of the four corners of the machine body 1 are concentric with the shaft sleeve 12 which plays a supporting role on the upper part of the machine body 1. The integrated connecting structure formed in this way forms the functions of a lifting guide mechanism and a rotary support; the lifting and descending stress of the machine table is uniform, and the inclination error during lifting is reduced, so that the lifting and descending balance stability and transmission precision of the lifting machine table are ensured.

Furthermore, the precise screw rod 3 and the screw rod nut 4 are adopted for transmission, and the device has the characteristics of high precision, quick response and high reliability. The motor 201 is utilized to output through the rotation of the reduction gearbox 202, the transmission resolution is improved, the precision performance is fully ensured, and the reduction gearbox 202 achieves the required transmission precision through selecting the reduction ratio.

The fixed support 6 on the machine body 1 is provided with a position sensor 5, a chute or a screw hole is arranged along the height direction of the fixed support 6, and the position height of the fixed support is adjustable. The relative height position of the bearing table top 18 and the precise screw rod 3 is fed back through the position sensor 5, and the controller 23 drives and controls the motor 201 to meet the requirements of convenient lifting and adjusting of the position height and precise positioning. The position sensor 5 is a single linear position sensor or a plurality of position switches.

In other embodiments, the precise screw 3 may penetrate through the hollow columns 20 at four corners of the machine body 1, or may be arranged in a plurality of ways. According to the application of the shape and the size of the machine body 1, the number of the precise screw rods 3 is correspondingly increased or decreased. For example, the long machine body 1 can be provided with 6 precise screw rods 3 penetrating through the hollow column 20 of the machine body 1.

The working process of the invention is as follows: during lifting operation, the controller 23 controls the motor 201 to start and stop, the motor 201 drives the driving belt pulley 14 on the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 202 to rotate, acting force is transmitted to the belt pulley 10 through the transmission belt 7, the precise screw rods 3 are driven to rotate, synchronous rotation of each precise screw rod 3 is achieved, lifting of the height of the machine table body 1 driven by the screw rod nut 4 is achieved, the lifting process of the bearing table top 18 of the whole machine table is always a horizontal plane, and meanwhile accurate positioning is achieved according to the position sensor 5.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but rather, the principles of the invention are described in the foregoing examples and descriptions and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed; the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a precision positioning workstation, includes board body (1), its characterized in that: still include accurate lead screw (3) and rather than screw thread fit and install lead screw nut (4) on it, accurate lead screw (3) run through hollow post (20) in board body (1) four corners, lead screw nut (4) are connected with axle sleeve (12) on the bearing mesa (18) four corners, and slide bearing (9) are fixed on the hollow post (20) bottom mounting hole in four corners, accurate lead screw (3) bottom is equipped with flange (11), along driving belt (7) of bearing mesa (18) four corners edge distribution respectively with band pulley (10) on accurate lead screw (3) and driving pulley (14) meshing connection on drive arrangement (2).

2. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the machine body (1) is in a structure form of a bearing table top (18), a lower four-corner hollow column (20) and a connecting wall plate (19).

3. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the driving belt (7) is a chain or a synchronous belt.

4. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the driving device (2) is characterized in that a motor (201) is connected with a reduction gearbox (202).

5. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the driving pulley (14) is a driving sprocket or a driving synchronous pulley.

6. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the precise screw rod (3) is provided with a belt wheel (10), and the belt wheel (10) is a chain wheel or a synchronous belt wheel.

7. The precision positioning work machine of claim 6, wherein: the motor (201) is a motor with a brake or a servo motor with a brake and is connected with the controller.

8. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: a position sensor (5) is arranged on a fixed support (6) on the machine body (1).

9. A precision positioning work machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the precise screw rods (3) penetrate through the hollow columns (20) at four corners of the machine body (1) and can be arranged in a plurality of modes.