CN117614788A - Method, device and medium for estimating frequency offset of heaven-earth integrated network - Google Patents

Method, device and medium for estimating frequency offset of heaven-earth integrated network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117614788A
CN117614788A CN202311826434.2A CN202311826434A CN117614788A CN 117614788 A CN117614788 A CN 117614788A CN 202311826434 A CN202311826434 A CN 202311826434A CN 117614788 A CN117614788 A CN 117614788A
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frequency offset
sub
integrated network
heaven
network
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周婷
曾昱
赵曦
赵建龙
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Shanghai Prospective Innovation Research Institute Co ltd
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Shanghai Prospective Innovation Research Institute Co ltd
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
    • H04W74/0891Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access for synchronized access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0014Carrier regulation
    • H04L2027/0024Carrier regulation at the receiver end
    • H04L2027/0026Correction of carrier offset
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method, a device and a medium for estimating frequency offset of a world-wide integrated network. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring synchronous information blocks for downlink synchronization in OFDM systems of different sub-networks in an heaven-earth integrated network; for a plurality of sub-networks in the heaven-earth integrated network, parameter information of each sub-network is obtained from the synchronous information block respectively; according to the obtained parameter information, an equation set for carrying out linear estimation on carrier frequency offset is established; and solving the equation set by a least square method to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset. The frequency offset estimation method, the device and the medium can solve the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio, large propagation delay, high Doppler frequency shift and quick Doppler frequency shift change of the space-earth integrated network architecture for estimating each component of the frequency offset.

Description

Method, device and medium for estimating frequency offset of heaven-earth integrated network
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a medium for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network.
Background
Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) is a common problem in wireless communication systems, and mainly consists of two parts, namely local crystal oscillator instability and doppler frequency offset generated by relative motion of two communication parties. In wireless communication systems employing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), OFDM is very sensitive to Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO). Once the CFO reaches 20% -30% of the subcarrier spacing (SCS), the orthogonality between subcarriers is broken, resulting in serious inter-carrier interference (ICI), inter-symbol interference (ISI) and timing errors, severely degrading the performance of the communication system.
In an integrated terrestrial and terrestrial network, a non-terrestrial network platform such as a low-orbit satellite has a greater relative operating speed and a higher communication carrier frequency with a user terminal than a terrestrial cellular network. This results in a much larger doppler frequency offset than terrestrial cellular communications, and a time-varying doppler frequency offset, as well as a larger carrier frequency offset due to crystal instability. However, most of the conventional frequency offset estimation algorithms are directed at ground systems, cannot adapt to the situations of low signal-to-noise ratio, large propagation delay, high doppler shift and rapid doppler shift change in an heaven-earth integrated network, and can only estimate the superposition value of the two, and under the condition that GNSS signals are wrong or no GNSS signals exist, the conventional frequency offset estimation algorithms cannot separate the two, so that correct uplink frequency offset precompensation cannot be realized, as shown in fig. 1, separation can only be completed through a closed loop feedback mechanism in a random access process, and extra network overhead is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method, a device and a medium for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network, which can solve the problems of low signal-to-noise ratio, large propagation delay, high Doppler frequency shift and quick Doppler frequency shift change of the heaven-earth integrated network architecture.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network, the method comprising:
for the multi-connection situation of the heaven-earth integrated network, an equation set is established to estimate N frequency offset parameters by using the synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks, wherein M > =2, N > =2, M > =n.
In order to achieve the above object, in a second aspect, the present invention further provides an apparatus for estimating a frequency offset of a world-wide integrated network, where the apparatus includes:
the estimation module is used for estimating N frequency offset parameters by using the synchronous information block establishment equation set of M sub-networks for the multi-connection situation of the heaven-earth integrated network, wherein M > =2, N > =2 and M > =N.
To achieve the above object, in a third aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus;
the processor is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method for estimating frequency offset of the world-wide integrated network as described above.
To achieve the above object, in a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the method for estimating a frequency offset of an integrated network as described above.
The frequency offset estimation algorithm of the OFDM system facing the heaven-earth integrated network can realize the simultaneous collection of downlink synchronous information blocks SSB of a ground network and a non-ground network through a double-connection or multi-connection technology, can separate and estimate the frequency offset caused by Doppler frequency shift and crystal oscillator instability which are caused by movement and cannot be separated only by the non-ground network synchronous information blocks SSB, avoids extra separation expenditure of the network, improves the network spectrum efficiency, and is not limited by the system bandwidth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an upstream frequency offset precompensation mismatch provided in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a network architecture diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of a frequency offset estimation device of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art may obtain other embodiments without making any creative effort, which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a network environment to which the frequency offset estimation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied. Referring to fig. 2, the application environment of the frequency offset estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is an integrated network integrating a ground network and a non-ground network. The integrated network includes both satellites moving at high speed in the sky and communication terminals of various types on the ground. The ground terminals include terminals that can move themselves at a relatively high speed, such as automobiles and rail vehicles, and terminals that are not high in the movement speed, such as mobile phones. In addition, ground terminals include communication terminals that are typically stationary on the ground, such as NB, eNB, gNB, WIFI access points.
It should be understood that, regardless of the type of terminals participating in the communication in the network, the communication between the different terminals should be OFDM communication using multiple sub-carriers. Moreover, there should be real-time displacement between different terminals participating in the communication. That is, there is a relative displacement velocity v between the terminals engaged in the communication in pairs. Due to the presence of real-time displacement, doppler shift can occur between different terminals.
Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the method for estimating the frequency offset of the heaven-earth integrated network comprises the following steps:
s31, for the multi-connection situation of the heaven-earth integrated network, an equation set is established to estimate N frequency offset parameters by using the synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks, where M > =2, N > =2, M > =n.
The core idea of the embodiment of the invention is to utilize information contained in synchronous information blocks of a plurality of sub-networks to establish an equation set, and estimate frequency offset parameters by solving the established equation set.
Through the technical scheme, the Doppler frequency shift caused by motion and the frequency shift caused by unstable crystal oscillator which cannot be separated by only relying on a single network synchronous information block SSB can be separated and estimated, the extra separation overhead of a network is avoided, the network spectrum efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the limitation of the system bandwidth is avoided.
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a method for estimating frequency offset of an heaven-earth integrated network according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the frequency offset estimation method includes the steps of:
s41, acquiring synchronization information blocks for downlink synchronization in OFDM systems of different sub-networks in the space-earth integrated network.
S42, for a plurality of sub-networks in the heaven-earth integrated network, parameter information of each sub-network is obtained from the synchronous information block.
S43, according to the obtained parameter information, an equation set for carrying out linear estimation on carrier frequency offset is established.
S44, solving the equation set through a least square method to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset.
The specific implementation mode of the frequency offset estimation algorithm for the heaven-earth integrated network provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
first, a signal model needs to be determined according to the characteristics of the heaven-earth integration network. In the space-earth integrated network, whether a ground network or a non-ground network, an air interface technology is adopted, namely OFDM. Considering an OFDM system with a bandwidth of BHz and a subcarrier spacing of Δfhz, the baseband equivalent transmit signal x n is:
wherein N is the sampling point number of DFT, X [ k ]]For OFDM symbols on subcarrier k, N cp Is the length of the cyclic prefix code.
The baseband equivalent received signal y n is:
wherein Δf 0 For frequency offset caused by crystal mismatch between the transmitter and receiver,for Doppler shift, T, generated by relative movement of receiver and transmitter s For a sampling interval of 1/NΔf, +.>For complex channel coefficients without Doppler shift, lambda is the carrier wavelength, v is the relative speed of the transmitter and receiver, w [ n ]]Is noise.
Assuming that X [ k ] is a known reference signal, and therefore X [ n ] is also known, the received signal y [ n ] is conjugate multiplied with the known signal X [ n ] to obtain the sequence z [ n ]:
wherein x is * [n]Is x [ n ]]Is a conjugate of (c). To eliminate the channel from pluralAn introduced unknown phase rotation to z [ n ]]Performing differential operation to obtain a sequence d [ n ]]:
Where D is the differential distance, the noisy term is discarded, and the sequence D [ n ] is summed by n to obtain:
due to the periodicity of the discrete time index, the following conditions need to be met to make the estimation accurate.
Selecting a larger D may improve the estimation because it may result in more noise averaging, whereas selecting a larger D may reduce the range that can be estimated. The effect of timing drift is negligible.
In combination with the specific case, in the dual-connection heaven-earth integrated network scenario, as shown in fig. 2, in order to solve two unknowns in the solution, two estimation equations need to be constructed.
Wherein c is the speed of light, f p Synchronous information block SSB center frequency representing different networks, v being the phase of the transmitter and receiverFor velocity, we have two estimation equations, respectively, which can be represented by a matrix:
in the case of a fixed user terminal position, the two estimation equations are:
in case the user terminal moves and the velocity is known, the two estimation equations are respectively:
the invention provides a frequency offset estimation method for an heaven-earth integrated network, which is used for realizing quicker and more accurate separation estimation of frequency offset parameters of the heaven-earth integrated network, thereby realizing correct uplink precompensation. The method is suitable for any scene of ground and non-ground network integration under the heaven-earth integration network, provides a more reliable and accurate method for the fields of physical layer parameter estimation and the like, and is hopeful to promote the research progress of the heaven-earth integration network physical layer key technology.
Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of a frequency offset estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the frequency offset estimation method includes the steps of:
s51, acquiring synchronous information blocks for downlink synchronization in OFDM systems of different sub-networks in the space-earth integrated network.
S52, for a plurality of sub-networks in the heaven-earth integrated network, parameter information of each sub-network is obtained from the synchronous information block.
And S53, establishing an equation set for carrying out linear estimation on the carrier frequency offset according to the obtained parameter information.
S54, solving the equation set through a least square method to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset.
And S55, filtering the estimation result.
Some existing technical schemes estimate doppler shift based on known reference signals of a plurality of frequency positions in an OFDM carrier, and add a new SSB frequency point based on the existing 5G synchronization information block SSB frequency point. Thus, although the solution to the two unknowns can be completed, this necessarily results in a reduction in the spectral efficiency of the network, and is also limited by the bandwidth of the system, which may fail or even be inoperable in some systems with large frequency offsets.
The invention provides a new solution, consider a user terminal can connect to the ground network base station and scene of the satellite of non-ground network through the double-link or multiple-link technology at the same time, whether it is 5GNR network or non-ground network of ground, all adopt the synchronous information block SSB to carry on the downstream synchronization, and the carrier frequency of ground network and non-ground network is different, can set up a plurality of estimation equations based on this characteristic.
Wherein c is the speed of light, f p Representing the SSB center frequencies of the synchronization information blocks of different networks, v is the relative speed of the transmitter and the receiver, and accordingly we have P estimation equations, which can be represented by a matrix:
it is generally assumed that P.gtoreq.2, A is a high-dimensional matrix and is system-dependent. In this case, we can seek an approximate solution of the least squares method (LS):
e LS =(A H A) -1 A H b
wherein A is H Represents the hermite transpose of a. Further, the estimate may also be filtered over time, such as a first order infinite impulse response filter:
in the middle ofFor the filtering estimation of m time, gamma is the filtering parameter, and the range is [0,1],e LS [m]Is an estimate of the unfiltered time instant.
Fig. 6 shows a flowchart of a frequency offset estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the frequency offset estimation method includes the steps of:
s61, acquiring synchronization information blocks for downlink synchronization in OFDM systems of different sub-networks in the space-earth integrated network.
S62, for a plurality of sub-networks in the heaven-earth integrated network, parameter information of each sub-network is obtained from the synchronous information block.
S63, according to the obtained parameter information, an equation set for carrying out linear estimation on the carrier frequency offset is established.
S64, solving the equation set through a least square method to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset.
S65, pre-compensating the frequency offset of the uplink using the frequency offset estimated by the downlink.
After the pre-compensation process, carrier frequency offset between the terminals is cancelled. This means that carrier frequency offset between terminals will not affect the communication anymore.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for estimating frequency offset of a heaven-earth integrated network. Referring to fig. 7, the frequency offset estimation apparatus includes: an estimation module 701.
The estimation module 701 is configured to estimate N frequency offset parameters by using a set of equations established by using synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks for a multi-connection scenario of an integrated network, where M > =2, N > =2, M > =n.
In some implementations, the estimation module 701 includes: an acquisition unit 7011, a separation unit 7012, an equation set establishment unit 7013, and an estimation unit 7014.
The acquiring unit 7011 is configured to acquire a synchronization information block for performing downlink synchronization in an OFDM system of a different sub-network in the integrated network.
The separating unit 7012 is configured to obtain parameter information of each sub-network from the synchronization information block for a plurality of sub-networks in the integrated network.
The equation set establishing unit 7013 is configured to establish an equation set for linearly estimating the carrier frequency offset according to the obtained parameter information.
The estimating unit 7014 is configured to solve the equation set by using a least square method, so as to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset.
In some embodiments, the frequency offset includes: frequency offset due to crystal instability, and Doppler frequency offset.
In some embodiments, the synchronization information blocks of the M sub-networks are utilized to obtain a correlation sequence through correlation operation, then the correlation sequence is subjected to differential operation, and an equation set is established to solve the N frequency offset parameters.
In some embodiments, establishing the set of equations includes at least the following parameters: the phase of the differential sequence based on the synchronization information blocks for each sub-network, the center frequency of the synchronization information blocks SSB for each sub-network, the sampling interval, the relative movement speed between the receiver and the transmitter.
In some implementations, the estimation module 701 further includes: a filtering unit 7015.
The filtering unit 7015 is configured to solve the equation set by a least square method, obtain an estimation result of the carrier frequency offset, and then filter the estimation result.
In some implementations, the estimation module 701 further includes: a precompensation unit 7016.
The precompensation unit 7016 is configured to solve the equation set by a least square method, obtain an estimation result of the carrier frequency offset components, and precompensate the frequency offset of the uplink using the frequency offset estimated by the downlink.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, referring to fig. 8, which includes a processor 801, a memory 802, and a communication bus 803, wherein: a communication bus 803 is used to enable connected communication between the processor 801 and the memory 802; the processor 801 is configured to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory 802 to implement at least one step of the frequency offset estimation method in the first embodiment.
The present embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium including volatile or nonvolatile, removable or non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules or other data. Computer-readable storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM (Random Access Memory ), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Elect rically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, charged erasable programmable Read-Only Memory), flash Memory or other Memory technology, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory), digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer.
The computer readable storage medium in this embodiment may be used to store one or more computer programs, where the stored one or more computer programs may be executed by a processor to implement at least one step of the method in the first embodiment.
The present embodiment also provides a computer program which can be distributed on a computer readable medium and executed by a computable device to implement at least one step of the method of the above embodiment; and in some cases at least one of the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that described in the above embodiments.
The present embodiment also provides a computer program product comprising computer readable means having stored thereon a computer program as shown above. The computer readable means in this embodiment may comprise a computer readable storage medium as shown above.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the apparatus disclosed above may be implemented as software (which may be implemented in computer program code executable by a computing apparatus), firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between the functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed cooperatively by several physical components. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit.
Furthermore, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and may include any information delivery media. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of embodiments of the invention in connection with the specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. The method for estimating the frequency offset of the heaven-earth integrated network is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
for the multi-connection situation of the heaven-earth integrated network, an equation set is established to estimate N frequency offset parameters by using the synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks, wherein M > =2, N > =2, M > =n.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein establishing a set of equations with the synchronization information blocks of the M sub-networks to estimate the N frequency offset parameters for the multi-connection scenario of the heaven-earth integrated network comprises:
acquiring synchronous information blocks for downlink synchronization in OFDM systems of different sub-networks in an heaven-earth integrated network;
for a plurality of sub-networks in the heaven-earth integrated network, parameter information of each sub-network is obtained from the synchronous information block respectively;
according to the obtained parameter information, an equation set for carrying out linear estimation on carrier frequency offset is established;
and solving the equation set by a least square method to obtain an estimation result of each component of the carrier frequency offset.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the frequency offset comprises: frequency offset due to crystal instability, and Doppler frequency offset.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the N frequency offset parameters are solved by creating a system of equations using the synchronization information blocks of the M sub-networks to obtain a correlation sequence by correlation operations and then performing differential operations on the correlation sequence.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein establishing a system of equations includes at least the following parameters: the phase of the differential sequence based on the synchronization information blocks for each sub-network, the center frequency of the synchronization information blocks SSB for each sub-network, the sampling interval, the relative movement speed between the receiver and the transmitter.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein for a multi-connection scenario of an integrated network, using synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks to build a set of equations to estimate N frequency offset parameters, further comprising:
and solving the equation set through a least square method to obtain an estimation result of the carrier frequency offset, and then filtering the estimation result.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein for a multi-connection scenario of an integrated network, using synchronization information blocks of M sub-networks to build a set of equations to estimate N frequency offset parameters, further comprising:
after the equation set is solved by the least square method to obtain the estimation results of each component of the carrier frequency offset, the frequency offset of the uplink is precompensated by using the frequency offset estimated by the downlink.
8. An integrated network frequency offset estimation device comprises:
the estimation module is used for estimating N frequency offset parameters by using the synchronous information block establishment equation set of M sub-networks for the multi-connection situation of the heaven-earth integrated network, wherein M > =2, N > =2 and M > =N.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a communication bus;
the processor is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the method for estimating frequency offset of an integrated network according to any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
CN202311826434.2A 2023-12-27 2023-12-27 Method, device and medium for estimating frequency offset of heaven-earth integrated network Pending CN117614788A (en)

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