CN117607251A - Method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segment by utilizing elastic wave energy characteristic value - Google Patents
Method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segment by utilizing elastic wave energy characteristic value Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using an elastic wave energy characteristic value, which comprises the following steps: detecting subway segments with different grouting quality by adopting nondestructive detection equipment to obtain waveforms comprising reflected signals; performing spectrum analysis on the obtained reflected energy signal, and extracting an amplitude spectrum or a power spectrum as a representative parameter; establishing a defect judging model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum; and (3) carrying out grouting quality detection on subway segments in other unknown states by adopting nondestructive detection equipment, and determining grouting defect types by comparing a spectrum analysis result with a model. According to the invention, parameter calibration is carried out on different types of defects at the bottom of the pipe slice, corresponding parameter calibration values are determined through experiments and data analysis aiming at the different types of defects, and in the actual detection process, the detection results are accurately evaluated and classified according to the calibration values, so that the detection accuracy and reliability are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of subway segment grouting compactness detection, in particular to a method for detecting subway segment grouting compactness by utilizing an elastic wave energy characteristic value.
Background
The technology for detecting the compactness of the back grouting of the subway segment is an important technology for evaluating the filling degree of grouting materials in a subway tunnel. In subway construction, the grouting process is widely applied to reinforcement and waterproof treatment of tunnel lining to ensure stability and safety of subway tunnels. In the grouting process, grouting materials are injected into gaps between the duct pieces and the stratum to fill and strengthen the tunnel structure.
However, the conventional method for detecting the grouting quality behind the subway segment has some limitations. Common methods include drilling and electromagnetic radar.
1. Drilling method: the drilling method is a common subway segment grouting quality detection method. According to the method, grouting quality is evaluated by drilling the subway segment and visually inspecting the condition of the drilled slurry on site. However, this method has the following problems:
(1) The drilling process requires additional time and cost.
(2) Only a small number of discrete samples can be obtained, and the grouting condition of the whole pipe piece cannot be comprehensively known.
(3) New problems may be introduced as the drilling process may cause damage to the sheet structure.
2. Electromagnetic Lei Dafa: the electromagnetic radar method is a nondestructive subway segment grouting quality detection method. The method utilizes the reflected signal of electromagnetic waves to evaluate the grouting quality. However, this method also has the following problems:
(1) The signal analysis accuracy is limited due to the influence of double-row reinforcing steel bar materials and shapes inside the duct piece.
(2) A professional operator is required to interpret and analyze, and subjective errors may occur in the results.
(3) The method has certain difficulty in accurately evaluating the compactness of back grouting.
Therefore, a new method for detecting the compactness of back grouting of a subway segment is needed in the field, so that the limitation of the traditional method is overcome, and the accuracy and the efficiency of grouting quality detection are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technical scheme for improving accuracy and efficiency of subway segment grouting quality detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values comprises the following steps:
detecting subway segments with different grouting quality by adopting nondestructive detection equipment to obtain waveforms comprising reflected signals;
performing spectrum analysis on the obtained reflected energy signal, and extracting an amplitude spectrum or a power spectrum as a representative parameter;
establishing a defect judging model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum;
and (3) carrying out grouting quality detection on subway segments in other unknown states by adopting nondestructive detection equipment, and determining grouting defect types by comparing a spectrum analysis result with a model.
Alternatively, the non-destructive testing apparatus comprises a contact, non-contact sensor based testing apparatus or other suitable non-destructive testing device.
Optionally, the subway segment includes a concrete segment, a reinforced concrete segment, or other types of slab-like concrete structures.
Optionally, the grouting state includes an unset, grouting defect and a compact state.
Optionally, in the spectral analysis, fourier transform, wavelet transform, maximum entropy or other suitable spectral analysis methods are employed to obtain spectral features of the reflected energy signal.
Alternatively, all models are built based on statistical methods.
Optionally, the method further comprises analyzing the images after the holes are formed by combining image processing technology.
Optionally, the spectrum analysis is performed on the obtained reflected energy signal, and the extracting of the amplitude spectrum or the power spectrum as the representative parameters specifically includes:
by analyzing the intensity of the received reflected signals, the reflected energy of each measuring point is recorded and the energy reflection average value of the unglued state of the segment is calculated. When the spectrum analysis is carried out on the test signal, the power spectrum method of the signal analysis is adopted to calculate the total energy E of the spectrum reflection, and the energy characteristic value E of the state is calculated A ；
E A ＝E/n (2)
P i (f i ) Indicating the reflected frequency f of the signal at the ith measuring point i Power spectral density at time; n represents the total measuring point number;
calculating the energy P (f) of the spectrum according to the formula (3);
where P (f) represents the power spectral density at frequency f, T is the sampling time length, x (T) is the time domain signal, and j is the imaginary unit.
Optionally, the establishing the defect determination model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum comprises:
detecting the segments in different grouting states by adopting detection equipment, and analyzing the corresponding energy characteristic values E according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3) B 、E C 、E D ；
Sequencing the measured energy reflection values of all states to determine the relation E of the energy reflection of all states A >E B >E C >E D ；
Establishing references corresponding to different defect types: detecting and analyzing the known defect tube pieces, and establishing reflection energy references corresponding to different defect types:
non-grouting: [ E A , + -infinity) grouting unset: [ E B ，E A )
Grouting defect [ E ] C ，E B ) Grouting local defects: (E) D ，E C )
Qualified grouting: (- ≡E) D ]。
Optionally, detecting the segment to be detected, analyzing the reflected energy of the signal, analyzing the reflected energy obtained by analysis and the established defect standard, and judging the defect type.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides a brand new nondestructive testing and judging method for post-segment grouting defects, which can neglect the influence of reinforcing steel bars in segments.
(2) The method can realize the rapid nondestructive detection of the existence of the defects and the defect types of the back grouting of the subway segment.
(3) According to the invention, parameter calibration is carried out on different types of defects at the bottom of the pipe sheet, and corresponding parameter calibration values are determined through experiments and data analysis aiming at different types of defects such as non-grouting, non-solidification of slurry, water and the like. In the actual detection process, the detection result is accurately evaluated and classified according to the calibration value, so that the detection accuracy and reliability are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting grouting compactness of a subway segment by using an elastic wave energy characteristic value according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tunnel after construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of 6-point directional reflection energy calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of 12-point reflected energy calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a detection result provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a scene diagram of in-situ drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a technical scheme capable of improving accuracy and efficiency of subway segment grouting quality detection.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
detecting subway segments with different grouting quality by adopting nondestructive detection equipment to obtain waveforms comprising reflected signals;
performing spectrum analysis on the obtained reflected energy signal, and extracting an amplitude spectrum or a power spectrum as a representative parameter;
establishing a defect judging model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum;
and (3) carrying out grouting quality detection on subway segments in other unknown states by adopting nondestructive detection equipment, and determining grouting defect types by comparing a spectrum analysis result with a model.
Further, the non-destructive inspection apparatus may comprise a touch, non-touch sensor based inspection apparatus or other suitable non-destructive inspection device.
Further, the subway segment includes a concrete segment, a reinforced concrete segment, or other types of slab-like concrete structures.
Further, the grouting state includes an unset, grouting defect and a compact state.
Further, in the spectrum analysis, fourier transform, wavelet transform, maximum entropy, or other suitable spectrum analysis methods are used to obtain the spectrum characteristics of the reflected energy signal.
Further, all models were built based on statistical methods.
Further, the method also comprises the step of analyzing the images after the holes are formed by combining an image processing technology.
Further, the spectrum analysis is performed on the obtained reflected energy signal, and the extracting of the amplitude spectrum or the power spectrum as the representative parameters specifically includes:
by analyzing the intensity of the received reflected signals, the reflected energy of each measuring point is recorded and the energy reflection average value of the unglued state of the segment is calculated. When the spectrum analysis is carried out on the test signal, the power spectrum method of the signal analysis is adopted to calculate the total energy E of the spectrum reflection, and the energy characteristic value E of the state is calculated A ；
E A ＝E/n (2)
P i (f i ) Indicating the reflected frequency f of the signal at the ith measuring point i Power spectral density at time; n represents the total measuring point number;
calculating the energy P (f) of the spectrum according to the formula (3);
where P (f) represents the power spectral density at frequency f, T is the sampling time length, x (T) is the time domain signal, and j is the imaginary unit.
Further, the establishing the defect determination model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum comprises the following steps:
detecting the segments in different grouting states by adopting detection equipment, and analyzing the corresponding energy characteristic values E according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3) B 、E C 、E D ；
Sequencing the measured energy reflection values of all states to determine the relation E of the energy reflection of all states A >E B >E C >E D ；
Establishing references corresponding to different defect types: detecting and analyzing the known defect tube pieces, and establishing reflection energy references corresponding to different defect types:
non-grouting: [ E A , + -infinity) grouting unset: [ E B ，E A )
Grouting defect [ E ] C ，E B ) Grouting local defects: (E) D ，E C )
Qualified grouting: (- ≡E) D ]。
Further, the method also comprises the steps of detecting the segment to be detected, analyzing the reflected energy of the signal, analyzing the reflected energy obtained by analysis and the established defect standard, and judging the defect type.
The technical scheme of the invention combines the test of the supported duct piece, the analysis of the reflected energy and the establishment of the defect judgment type, and realizes a nondestructive testing and evaluating method for judging the defect type and the defect existence of the back of the subway duct piece. By the scheme, the existence of defects in the duct piece and the types of the defects can be rapidly and accurately determined, and reliable basis is provided for further maintenance and treatment.
Example 2:
by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the back grouting quality of the subway segment in a certain city is detected. According to the provided data, the thickness of the detected tube sheet is 40cm, and the design strength is C50. In order to illustrate the detection effect of the invention, the method is adopted to detect grouting behind the back of the subway segment under construction, then data analysis is carried out on the detection result, perforation verification is carried out, and the subway tunnel after construction is completed is referred to as fig. 2.
According to the on-site situation, firstly establishing a judging standard of the defect, and then detecting the post-grouting quality of the target position.
(1) Establishing a judgment standard: according to the field condition, detecting the pipe pieces along the direction of the pipeline in the 6 o 'clock direction and the 12 o' clock direction of the advancing direction of the tunnel, wherein the distance between measuring points is 0.3m. After detection, the test data are analyzed, and the analysis result is shown in fig. 3 and 4. According to the condition of on-site grouting, 6-point direction is the bottom of the pipe piece, the position is determined to be a grouting compact part on site, and 12-point direction is not grouting.
According to the analysis result graph: the reference value of the reflection energy in the non-injected state is 0.003 and the reference value in the dense state is 0.0017.
(2) And (3) carrying out the emptying detection on the pipe piece after grouting by using the reference value, wherein the detection part is in the direction of 12 points of the vault, the detection is carried out from the small mileage to the large mileage, and the measuring point interval is 0.3m. Please refer to fig. 2 for a detection scenario. The detection result is shown in fig. 5.
After detection, it was found that the reflection energy in the range of 7.3m to 8.9m from the detection start point was larger than that of the non-grouting, and thus it was determined that there was a non-grouting condition in this range. In order to verify the reliability of the detection result, the measuring points in the area are drilled and visually inspected (a drilling scene is referred to as fig. 6), in the drilling process, a drilling machine is quickly inserted into the bottom of the pipe piece at the moment of breaking through the pipe piece, almost no resistance exists, and in combination with drilling operators and site conditions, the position is judged to have serious grouting defects, the detection result is consistent with the judgment, and the high accuracy of the method for detecting the back void of the pipe piece is further verified.
The innovative technology is a nondestructive testing method for detecting the back void of the subway segment. The traditional subway segment back void detection method has the problems of low detection efficiency, low accuracy and the like, and the technical scheme of the invention effectively solves the problems by introducing two key innovation points.
Firstly, the invention adopts a method for judging the intensity of the reflected energy to detect the void. The subway segment surface is knocked, the generated signal propagates to the interior of the segment, and the reflected signal received by the sensor/acoustic coupling device is utilized to analyze the strength of the signal so as to judge whether the defect of void exists behind the segment. The method fully utilizes the influence of the void defect on the energy reflection, and is more accurate and efficient compared with the traditional method.
Secondly, the invention performs parameter calibration on different types of defects at the bottom of the pipe sheet. For different types of defects, such as non-grouting, non-setting slurry, water and the like, the technology determines corresponding parameter calibration values through experiments and data analysis. In the actual detection process, the detection result is accurately evaluated and classified according to the calibration value, so that the detection accuracy and reliability are improved.
In general, the method and the device realize accurate and efficient detection of the defect of the back void of the subway segment by introducing the determination method and parameter calibration of the reflected energy intensity. Compared with the traditional method, the method has better operability and reliability, and provides an innovative solution for quality control of subway engineering.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
detecting subway segments with different grouting quality by adopting nondestructive detection equipment to obtain waveforms comprising reflected signals;
performing spectrum analysis on the obtained reflected energy signal, and extracting an amplitude spectrum or a power spectrum as a representative parameter;
establishing a defect judging model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum;
and (3) carrying out grouting quality detection on subway segments in other unknown states by adopting nondestructive detection equipment, and determining grouting defect types by comparing a spectrum analysis result with a model.
2. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway pipe using elastic wave energy characteristic value according to claim 1, wherein the nondestructive testing device comprises a contact type, a non-contact type sensor based testing device or other applicable nondestructive testing device.
3. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway pipe according to claim 1, wherein the subway pipe comprises a concrete pipe, a reinforced concrete pipe or other type of plate-shaped concrete structure.
4. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway pipe according to claim 1, wherein the grouting state comprises a non-grouting state, a non-solidification state, a grouting defect state and a compact state.
5. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values according to claim 1, wherein fourier transform, wavelet transform, maximum entropy or other applicable spectrum analysis methods are adopted in the spectrum analysis to obtain the spectrum characteristics of the reflected energy signals.
6. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values according to claim 1, wherein all models are constructed based on a statistical method.
7. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values according to claim 1, further comprising analyzing the images after the holes are formed by combining an image processing technology.
8. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values according to claim 1, wherein the spectrum analysis is performed on the obtained reflected energy signals, and the extraction of an amplitude spectrum or a power spectrum as a representative parameter is specifically:
by analyzing the intensity of the received reflected signals, the reflected energy of each measuring point is recorded, and the energy reflection average value of the non-grouting state of the segment is calculated; when the spectrum analysis is carried out on the test signal, the power spectrum method of the signal analysis is adopted to calculate the total energy E of the spectrum reflection, and the energy characteristic value E of the state is calculated A ；
E A ＝En (2)
P i (f i ) Indicating the reflected frequency f of the signal at the ith measuring point i Power spectral density at time; n represents the total measuring point number;
calculating the energy P (f) of the spectrum according to the formula (3);
where P (f) represents the power spectral density at frequency f, T is the sampling time length, x (T) is the time domain signal, and j is the imaginary unit.
9. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway pipe according to claim 8, wherein the establishing a defect judging model according to the known grouting state and the corresponding reference amplitude spectrum or power spectrum comprises:
detecting the segments in different grouting states by adopting detection equipment, and analyzing the corresponding energy characteristic values E according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3) B 、E C 、E D ；
Sequencing the measured energy reflection values of all states to determine the relation E of the energy reflection of all states A >E B >E C >E D ；
Establishing references corresponding to different defect types: detecting and analyzing the known defect tube pieces, and establishing reflection energy references corresponding to different defect types:
non-grouting: [ E A , + -infinity) grouting unset: [ E B ，E A )
Grouting defect [ E ] C ，E B ) Grouting local defects: (E) D ，E C )
Qualified grouting: (- ≡E) D ]。
10. The method for detecting grouting compactness of subway segments by using elastic wave energy characteristic values according to claim 1, further comprising detecting segments to be detected, analyzing reflection energy of signals, analyzing the obtained reflection energy and established defect references, and judging defect types.
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| CN117949540A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 天津风霖物联网科技有限公司 | Compactness detection method for engineering detection |
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| CN117949540A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 天津风霖物联网科技有限公司 | Compactness detection method for engineering detection |
| CN117949540B (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-06-07 | 天津风霖物联网科技有限公司 | Compactness detection method for engineering detection |
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