CN117559137A - Multifunctional director of directional antenna - Google Patents
Multifunctional director of directional antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117559137A CN117559137A CN202410033172.2A CN202410033172A CN117559137A CN 117559137 A CN117559137 A CN 117559137A CN 202410033172 A CN202410033172 A CN 202410033172A CN 117559137 A CN117559137 A CN 117559137A
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- director
- radiator
- away
- reflecting plate
- directional antenna
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004643 cyanate ester Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional director of a directional antenna, and belongs to the technical field of directional diagram correction. The device comprises a supporting medium, wherein the supporting medium is supported with a first director, a second director, a third director and a radiator; the radiation characteristics of the three directors are different, a first director is arranged on one side of the radiator, a second director is arranged on one side of the first director, which is far away from the radiator, a third director is arranged on one side of the second director, which is far away from the first director, a metal reflecting plate is arranged on one side of the radiator, which is far away from the first director, the metal reflecting plate can reduce the back radiation of the radiator, and a feed network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate; the three directors are in turn lower in height than the radiator. The current intensity and the current path on the surface of the director are guided by the director circuit to generate a required electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field is overlapped with the electromagnetic field generated by the radiator in free space, so that the correction of the antenna pattern is achieved and the antenna gain is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of directional diagram correction, in particular to a multifunctional director of a directional antenna.
Background
In recent years, the pattern correction technique has been widely studied. The pattern correction technique is also called a pattern shaping technique, and is a technique for processing a transmission signal and a reception signal. When the pattern correction technology is applied to the antenna, the array pattern in a specific form can be synthesized by adjusting the directivity of the radiation pattern of each array element of the array antenna, so that the pattern is aligned to the required direction, and the use efficiency of the antenna is improved. By wave theory, the far field pattern of an array antenna can be seen as a vector superposition of the far field patterns provided by each element in the array. In the research of pattern correction, the weight of each pattern in the vector addition process is reasonably set, so that the pattern can be adjusted to be in a required target shape. It is therefore important to design a tool that gives the required weights for each element of the array antenna target pattern.
Currently, antenna pattern correction is mostly performed by introducing MEMS switches, PIN diode switches, varactors, or the like into the antenna radiator or antenna feed structure to change the antenna pattern. However, due to the limitation of the dispersion degree of the beam, the gain fluctuation of the antenna after the pattern correction in the coverage area is often larger, and even a plurality of coverage dead zones exist in many designs, which is inevitably unacceptable for some use platforms, so that the application of the pattern correction of the phased array antenna is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multifunctional director of a directional antenna.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the multifunctional director of the directional antenna comprises a supporting medium, wherein the supporting medium is supported with a first director, a second director, a third director and a radiator; the radiation characteristics of the first director, the second director and the third director are different, the first director is arranged on one side of the radiator, the second director is arranged on one side of the first director away from the radiator, the third director is arranged on one side of the second director away from the first director, a metal reflecting plate is arranged on one side of the radiator away from the first director, the metal reflecting plate can reduce the back radiation of the radiator, and a feed network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate; the first director is lower than the radiator, the second director is lower than the first director, and the third director is lower than the second director. The feed network feeds the radiator, generates current on the surface of the radiator, and the current changes radiate an electromagnetic field to the front free space on the surface of the radiator. When the electromagnetic wave is guided to radiate, induced current is formed on the metal surface of the first director, the second director and the third director, the intensity and the flow path of the induced current are guided by the shape of the metal circuit of the director, the corrected current generates electromagnetic field to radiate to the front space, and the electromagnetic field generated by the induced current on the surface of the director is controlled to be overlapped with the electromagnetic field generated by the radiator in the free space, so that the effects of optimizing the quality of an antenna pattern and improving the gain of the antenna are achieved.
Preferably, the space among the first director, the second director, the third director and the radiator is filled with wave-transparent honeycomb and is cured by a curing process.
Preferably, the first director, the second director and the third director are etched on the printed board by adopting a microstrip printed circuit.
Preferably, the PCB board of first director, second director and third director adopts polyimide PI membrane etching to process to get final product, the PCB board uses the cyanate base material, polyimide PI membrane bonds with cyanate base material prepreg under the temperature condition more than 200 ℃ and the pressure condition more than 0.5Mpa, fashioned first director, second director and third director thickness is 0.5mm.
Preferably, the first director is arranged in parallel with the radiator, and is 0.05λ away from the radiator, and the height of the first director is 0.8 times of that of the radiator; the second director is arranged in parallel with the radiator, and is 0.25 lambda away from the radiator, and the height of the second director is 0.5 times of that of the radiator; the third director is placed at an included angle of 25 degrees with the radiator, and is 0.8λ away from the radiator, and the height of the third director is 0.25 times of that of the radiator; the metal reflecting plate is 0.25λ away from the radiator; wherein λ is the wavelength of the center frequency at which the antenna operates; the first director, the second director and the third director have widths consistent with the radiator.
Preferably, the metal needle of the feed network passes through the metal reflecting plate and the supporting medium to be connected with the radiator. The radiator is fed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The design on the shape, layout and selection of the directors can be used for realizing the quality optimization of the antenna pattern in the working frequency band, and has small influence on the size and weight of the antenna.
2) The director has obvious improvement on the antenna performance, and the addition of the director improves the antenna gain to a certain extent while optimizing the quality of the directional diagram.
3) The steering gear has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, stable electrical property and high consistency, and is suitable for mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional antenna multifunction director of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a view showing a solidification molding state of the directional antenna multifunctional director according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
To cope with higher performance demands, a design excellent in quality of a large-angle scanning pattern in a phased array broadband range is realized. The technical scheme provided by the invention reasonably utilizes the radiation characteristics of the directors, integrates the directors and the antennas with three different radiation characteristics into one aperture through reasonable layout, and adopts a microstrip printed circuit etching process. The antenna has the advantages that the whole space size and weight of the antenna are not affected, and the directional diagram correction of the phased array is realized.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides a directional antenna multifunctional director, which comprises a supporting medium, wherein the supporting medium is supported with a first director, a second director, a third director and a radiator; the radiation characteristics of the first director, the second director and the third director are different, the first director is arranged on one side of the radiator, the second director is arranged on one side of the first director away from the radiator, the third director is arranged on one side of the second director away from the first director, a metal reflecting plate is arranged on one side of the radiator away from the first director, the metal reflecting plate can reduce the back radiation of the radiator, and a feed network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate; the first director is lower than the radiator, the second director is lower than the first director, and the third director is lower than the second director. The director adopts a microstrip design. The distance between the director and the radiator is adjusted through the increase of the depth size, electromagnetic energy generated by the radiator is converged in a specified direction, the directional gain of the antenna is improved, and the purpose of optimizing the quality of the directional diagram can be achieved. The director circuit adopts a unit chessboard arrangement design, and utilizes the principle of in-phase amplification to realize that the phase difference between antenna radiation and director induction radiation in a fixed frequency band is 0 DEG, and electromagnetic waves form a stronger electromagnetic field along a guiding direction in the frequency band, so that the radiation directivity is changed, and the quality of a directional diagram is improved. According to the design of the multi-director, the director units with various different resonance frequency bands are used for designing the director circuit, so that the defect of narrow working bandwidth of the director can be effectively overcome, and the quality of a directional diagram in a wide frequency band is optimized.
In some embodiments, the first director, the second director, the third director and the radiator are filled with wave-transparent honeycomb and cured by a curing process.
In some embodiments, the first director, the second director, and the third director are etched on the printed board using a microstrip printed circuit.
In some embodiments, the PCB boards of the first director, the second director and the third director are etched by using polyimide PI films, the printed boards are made of cyanate ester substrates, the polyimide PI films and the cyanate ester substrate prepregs are bonded under the temperature condition of 200 ℃ or higher and the pressure condition of 0.5Mpa or higher, and the thickness of the molded first director, second director and third director is 0.5mm.
In some embodiments, the first director is mounted parallel to the radiator at a distance of 0.05λ from the radiator, and has a height of 0.8 times the height of the radiator; the second director is arranged in parallel with the radiator, and is 0.25 lambda away from the radiator, and the height of the second director is 0.5 times of that of the radiator; the third director is placed at an included angle of 25 degrees with the radiator, and is 0.8λ away from the radiator, and the height of the third director is 0.25 times of that of the radiator; the metal reflecting plate is 0.25λ away from the radiator; wherein λ is the wavelength of the center frequency at which the antenna operates; the first director, the second director and the third director have widths consistent with the radiator. The current intensity and the current path of the surface of the director are guided by the director circuit to generate a required electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field is overlapped with the electromagnetic field generated by the radiator in free space to achieve the correction of the antenna pattern.
In some embodiments, the metal pins of the feed network are connected to the radiator through the metal reflector plate and the support medium. The feeding network and the metal reflecting plate are fastened and connected through screws to form a grounding effect, and a metal needle of the feeding network penetrates through a through hole of the metal reflecting plate and a through hole of the supporting medium to be connected with the radiator so as to feed the radiator.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as taught or as a matter of routine skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A directional antenna multifunctional director, characterized by: the device comprises a supporting medium, wherein the supporting medium is supported with a first director, a second director, a third director and a radiator; the radiation characteristics of the first director, the second director and the third director are different, the first director is arranged on one side of the radiator, the second director is arranged on one side of the first director away from the radiator, the third director is arranged on one side of the second director away from the first director, a metal reflecting plate is arranged on one side of the radiator away from the first director, the metal reflecting plate can reduce the back radiation of the radiator, and a feed network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate; the first director is lower than the radiator, the second director is lower than the first director, and the third director is lower than the second director.
2. The directional antenna multifunction director as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the first director, the second director, the third director and the radiator are filled by using wave-transparent honeycomb and are cured by adopting a curing process.
3. The directional antenna multifunction director as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first director, the second director and the third director are etched on the printed board by adopting a micro-strip printed circuit.
4. A directional antenna multifunction director according to claim 3, wherein: the PCB of first director, second director and third director adopt polyimide PI membrane etching to process and get final product, the PCB uses the cyanate substrate, polyimide PI membrane bonds with cyanate substrate prepreg under the temperature condition more than 200 ℃ and the pressure condition more than 0.5Mpa, fashioned first director, second director and third director thickness is 0.5mm.
5. The directional antenna multifunction director as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first director is arranged in parallel with the radiator, and is 0.05λ away from the radiator, and the height of the first director is 0.8 times of the height of the radiator; the second director is arranged in parallel with the radiator, and is 0.25 lambda away from the radiator, and the height of the second director is 0.5 times of that of the radiator; the third director is placed at an included angle of 25 degrees with the radiator, and is 0.8λ away from the radiator, and the height of the third director is 0.25 times of that of the radiator; the metal reflecting plate is 0.25λ away from the radiator; wherein λ is the wavelength of the center frequency at which the antenna operates; the first director, the second director and the third director have widths consistent with the radiator.
6. A directional antenna multifunction director according to any of claims 1-5, wherein: the metal needle of the feed network penetrates through the metal reflecting plate and the supporting medium to be connected with the radiator.
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CN202410033172.2A CN117559137B (en) | 2024-01-10 | 2024-01-10 | Multifunctional director of directional antenna |
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CN202410033172.2A CN117559137B (en) | 2024-01-10 | 2024-01-10 | Multifunctional director of directional antenna |
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CN117559137B CN117559137B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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