CN117552502A - Zero-carbon public toilet and intelligent control system thereof - Google Patents
Zero-carbon public toilet and intelligent control system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117552502A CN117552502A CN202310595250.3A CN202310595250A CN117552502A CN 117552502 A CN117552502 A CN 117552502A CN 202310595250 A CN202310595250 A CN 202310595250A CN 117552502 A CN117552502 A CN 117552502A
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/007—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with multiple filtering elements in series connection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
- E03D5/016—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system with recirculation of bowl-cleaning fluid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
- E03D9/10—Waste-disintegrating apparatus combined with the bowl
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
- E04H1/1216—Public W.C.s
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a zero-carbon public toilet and an intelligent control system thereof. The toilet is assembled by plates. The separate-quality and sewage-collecting treatment system realizes separate-quality collection, treatment and recycling of black water, yellow water and ash water, and the black water and the yellow water are treated to obtain the fertilizer and the manure, and the ash water is used for recycling and flushing toilet. The intelligent control system realizes the accurate maintenance mode of public toilet use and operation and maintenance by timely regulating and controlling the toilet use monitoring system, the temperature control system, the lighting control system, the air quality monitoring system, the electric power distribution system and the water flow monitoring control system, and maintains the comfortable environment in the toilet. The photovoltaic power supply system meets the requirement of self-maintenance of power consumption of various systems of public toilets. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, convenience and wide application scene, realizes the flushing of the toilet by sewage recycling and the recycling, and the intelligent control system assists in improving the low-carbon operation and maintenance level of the public toilet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of public health, in particular to a zero-carbon public toilet and an intelligent control system thereof.
Background
Most public toilets use tap water to flush feces and then drain into municipal sewage pipe networks. Research data show that human urine contains a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and nitrogen element in urine just discharged from human body mainly exists in the form of urea, and the content of the nitrogen element is 8000-10000 mg/L; the phosphorus element mainly exists in the form of polyphosphate, and the content is 700-2000 mg/L. Urine is a main source of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in domestic sewage. In addition, the feces are also rich in nutrient salts and organic matters containing nitrogen and phosphorus. Although the water flushing toilet can improve the sanitary level of the urban public toilet, the method causes the waste of a large amount of water resources, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances, and the running mode is contrary to the development concept of building a resource-saving and recycling type society. Therefore, how to realize harmless, recycling, humanization, industrialization and zero carbonization of the toilet system is a current urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a zero-carbon public toilet and an intelligent control system thereof, which realize the reuse of sewage for flushing the toilet and the recycling of the sewage.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a public toilet, a toilet room of which has: a hand basin; a urinal; a toilet bowl; a clean water tank; and a quality-based soil collection treatment system comprising:
a rainwater collection device;
a black water collecting and treating device, comprising: a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of the excrement discharged from the toilet bowl, and a high-temperature composting device for converting the solid separated by the solid-liquid separation device into organic manure;
yellow water collection and treatment device, it includes: a urine storage tank for collecting urine discharged from the urinal, and a urine evaporation device for recycling nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the urine in the urine storage tank; and
a grey water collection and treatment device, comprising: a multi-stage filtration device for filtering water separated from urine by the urine evaporation device, liquid separated by the excrement solid-liquid separation device, rainwater collected by the rainwater collection device and water discharged by the basin; a regeneration water tank for storing water filtered by the multi-stage filter; and a sterilizing treatment device for sterilizing the water of the regeneration water tank;
wherein, the drain of the urinal, the solid-liquid separation device of excrement and urine separates the solid discharge outlet and high-temperature composting device connect gradually, the drain of urinal, the urine bin, urine evaporation plant and multi-stage filtration device's water inlet connect gradually, the delivery port of basin, rainwater collection device and solid-liquid separation device of excrement and urine separates the liquid discharge outlet and connect multi-stage filtration device's water inlet, disinfection processing apparatus's delivery port connects the water inlet of urinal and urinal, basin, urinal and urinal's water inlet all are connected to the delivery port of water purification case, use the water after the filtration disinfection of ash water collection processing apparatus to wash urinal and urinal when the water yield in the ash collection processing apparatus is higher than the setting value, use the water of water purification case to wash urinal and urinal when the water yield in the ash collection processing apparatus is lower than the setting value.
In some examples, the toilet is stationary, skid-mounted, or mobile.
In some examples, the urine vaporization device employs electrical heating and solar heating.
In some examples, a photovoltaic power supply system is also included.
According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a control system for a public toilet, including:
a central control unit; and
the first liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the urine volume in the urine evaporation device and transmitting the monitored urine volume to the central control unit, the central control unit determines the urine volume in the urine evaporation device according to the set range, the urine evaporation device stops urine intake when the urine volume in the urine evaporation device is higher than the highest value of the set range, and the urine evaporation device starts urine intake when the urine volume in the urine evaporation device is lower than the lowest value of the set range;
the second liquid level sensor monitors the water quantity of the ash water collecting and treating device and transmits the monitored water quantity to the central control unit, the central control unit determines the water supply state of the ash water collecting and treating device according to the set range and the water quantity, when the water quantity of the ash water collecting and treating device is higher than the highest value of the set range, the water consumption of the urinal and the water consumption of the urinal are provided by the ash water collecting and treating device, and when the water quantity of the ash water collecting and treating device is lower than the lowest value of the set range, the water consumption of the urinal and the water consumption of the urinal are provided by the water purifying tank.
In some examples, the control system further comprises: and the data analysis platform is used for metering one or more of the number of people who use the toilet, the water consumption, the power supply quantity, the manure output and the urine fertilizer output of the toilet.
In some examples, the control system further includes a power distribution control system that controls the distribution of the photovoltaic power generated electrical energy and the supply of electricity to the toilet by the utility grid; and the lighting control system is used for automatically controlling the on/off of the indoor lighting lamp of the toilet.
In some examples, the control system further includes a temperature control system that regulates the temperature inside the toilet.
In some examples, the control system further includes an air quality control system that controls the content of the polluted gas in the toilet room.
In some examples, the control system further includes a toilet usage monitoring system that monitors whether a toilet location of the toilet room is being used.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. flexible installation, and easy installation and running: according to the assembled toilet, all sanitary ware plates are integrated into a whole, and are installed in place once without site secondary construction. The installation is convenient, mill integrated into one piece, and on-site hoisting can realize the dress promptly and walk promptly, and is high-efficient convenient. Can be combined with different site conditions and adopts an assembled building mode. The existing sewage storage and drainage facilities on site are not needed, the installation is suitable for local conditions, and the planning flexibility of the public space is improved.
2. And (3) power supply self-maintenance: the photovoltaic technology is combined with the design of building space, so that the electricity consumption self-maintenance of the internal electric appliances of the public toilet is met.
3. Zero consumption of toilet flushing water: the grey water collecting and treating system of the quality-dividing and dirt-collecting treating system collects and treats the water discharged from the public toilet hand basin, the black water collecting and treating system and the water collected by the rainwater collecting device, the produced recycled water is stored in the recycled water storage tank, and the water treated by the sterilizing and treating device is used for flushing the public toilet urinal and the urinal, so that zero consumption of the flushing water of the public toilet can be realized; in addition, the grey water collecting and treating subsystem can be used for cleaning the toilet.
4. Recycling of feces: the manure collected by the black water collecting and treating system of the separate-quality and dirt collecting treating system is fermented by a composting reactor, so that manure can be produced; the yellow water collecting and treating system of the separate sewage collecting and treating system separately collects high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt in the urinal, and the high-quality solid urine fertilizer can be recovered and produced through the urine evaporating device. Both materials have high agricultural value and are used for landscaping on site.
5. Operation control is intelligent: the device can ensure normal operation without personnel on duty by periodically carrying out inspection on equipment; in addition, the operation state of the toilet can be mastered and the management of the toilet can be optimized based on the analysis result of the monitoring data. The real-time monitoring of the conditions of regional public toilet use, operation and maintenance and the like can be realized, a precise maintenance mode of timely maintenance is provided, and maintenance resources are scientifically and reasonably distributed. A standardized, humanized, green and intelligent public toilet is created; a set of public toilet construction modes with digital, flexible layout, low carbon, environmental protection and sustainable wisdom are established.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly explain the drawings of the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a low-carbon intelligent integrated toilet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of a low-carbon intelligent integrated toilet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a quality-dividing and sewage-collecting treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of black water recycling treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a multi-stage filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power supply flow of a photovoltaic power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent control system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The toilet room (toilet) of the invention can be installed in villages, expressway service areas and scenic spots, and can be arranged in cities as public toilets. The toilet room can be assembled by plates, an insulating layer, a waterproof layer, a sound insulation layer and the like can be arranged on the plates according to requirements, and the plates are transported to the site to be assembled into a whole after being produced in a factory assembly line.
Fig. 1 and 2 are a plan view schematic diagram and an elevation schematic diagram of a toilet room 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the toilet room 1 has a basin 2-1, a urinal 2-2, a urinal 2-3, a quality-classifying and sewage-collecting treatment system and a power supply system.
The quality-dividing and dirt-collecting treatment system comprises a black water collecting and treating device, a yellow water collecting and treating device, a gray water collecting and treating device and a rainwater collecting device.
As shown in FIG. 3, the black water collecting and treating device comprises a fecal sewage solid-liquid separating device 3-1 and a high-temperature composting device 3-2.
The yellow water collecting and treating device comprises a urine storage tank 4-1 and a urine evaporating device 4-2. The urine evaporation device 4-2 includes a water inlet 4-3, an evaporation chamber 4-5, a water outlet 4-4, and a heater for heating the evaporation chamber 4-5. The heater may employ a solar heating plate 4-6 and/or an electric heating plate 4-7. The urine evaporating device 4-2 is installed on the roof of the toilet room 1.
The grey water collecting and treating device 5 comprises a multi-stage filtering device 5-2, a regeneration water tank 5-4 and a sterilizing and treating device 5-6. As shown in fig. 5, a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a coarse sand layer, a fine sand layer, and an activated carbon layer are sequentially provided in the multistage filtering device 5-2 from top to bottom. The water inlet 5-1 of the multi-stage filter device 5-2 is positioned above the gravel layer, and the water outlet 5-3 is positioned below the activated carbon layer. An ultraviolet lamp 5-7 is arranged in the disinfection treatment device 5-6.
The sewage outlet of the urinal 2-3, the solid-liquid separating device 3-1 for the excrement and the high-temperature composting device 3-2 are connected in sequence. The drain outlet of the urinal 2-2, the urine storage tank 4-1, the urine evaporation device 4-2 and the water inlet 5-1 of the grey water collecting and treating device 5 are connected in sequence. The water outlet of the basin 2-1 and the separating liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separating device 3-1 are also connected to the water inlet 5-1 of the grey water collecting and treating device 5. The water outlet 5-8 of the ash water collecting and treating device is connected with the water inlets of the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3. Furthermore, the water inlets of the basin 2-1, the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3 are all connected to the water outlet of the clean water tank 6, and the water inlet of the clean water tank 6 is connected to a municipal water supply pipe.
The quality-dividing and dirt-collecting treatment system divides and collects urine, excrement and sewage after toilet use, wash basin drainage and/or rainwater and the like. After the sensor senses that the person finishes using the toilet or manually presses a flushing button to send out a flushing signal, the gray water treatment device 5 discharges water to flush the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3; 2-3 fecal sewage in the toilet bowl is conveyed to a black water collecting and treating device through a vacuum pump; urine from the urinal 2-2 enters the urine storage tank 4-1 through a gravity flow pipeline, and then the urine in the urine storage tank 4-1 is conveyed to the urine evaporation device 4-2 through a water pump; the grey water of the basin 2-1 enters a grey water treatment device through a gravity self-flowing pipeline; the clean water tank 6 is used for cleaning hands of the basin 2-1 after the toilet, and when the water quantity of the gray water treatment device 5 is insufficient, the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3 can be flushed by the water of the clean water tank 6.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the solid-liquid separation device 3-1 for the feces and the feces carries out solid-liquid separation, the separated liquid enters the gray water treatment device 5, and the separated solid is conveyed into the high-temperature composting device 3-2 for the feces through a pipeline. The high-temperature composting device 3-2 contains farmland wastes and degrading bacteria. The high-temperature composting device 3-2 is provided with a stirring device and an auxiliary heating device, so that the temperature of the excrement can be quickly increased to an optimal reaction range, and the whole reaction period is shortened. The bottom of the high-temperature composting device 3-2 is provided with an aeration device to improve oxygen supply for the aerobic composting of the feces; the manure is subjected to microbial aerobic degradation to realize reduction, harmlessness and recycling, and finally the organic manure is obtained.
The urine evaporating device 4-2 recycles nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient substances of urine in the urine storage tank 4-1. Urine in the urine storage tank 4-1 is conveyed to the evaporation chamber 4-5 through the water inlet 4-3 of the urine evaporation device 4-2, the urine forms water vapor and crystal precipitation in the cooperative heating process of the solar heating plate 4-6 and the electric heating plate 4-7 assembled in the evaporation chamber 4-5, the water vapor enters the ash water collecting and disposing 5 through the water outlet 4-4 of the urine evaporation device 4-2 after being condensed, and the residual crystal precipitation is solid urine fertilizer rich in nitrogen and phosphorus.
The ash water collecting and treating device 5 collects the effluent from the hand basin 2-1, the yellow water collecting and treating device and the black water collecting and treating device, and the effluent is used for flushing the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3 after being treated by the multi-stage filtering device 5-2 and the sterilizing device 5-6, so that the water recycling is realized. The effluent from the basin 2-1, the yellow water collecting and treating device and the black water collecting and treating device enters the inside of the multistage filtering device 5-2 through the water inlet 5-1 of the multistage filtering device 5-2, after multistage filtering through the gravel layer, the zeolite layer, the coarse sand layer, the fine sand layer and the activated carbon layer, the effluent enters the regeneration water tank 5-4 through the water outlet 5-3 of the multistage filtering device 5-2, then the regeneration water of the regeneration water tank 5-4 enters the inside of the sterilizing and treating device 5-6 through the water inlet 5-5 of the sterilizing and treating device 5-6, and viruses are sterilized and inactivated through the ultraviolet lamp 5-7 so as to meet the water quality requirement of flushing toilet, and the sterilized water flows out from the water outlet 5-8 of the sterilizing and treating device 5-6 for flushing the toilet bowl 2-2 and the toilet bowl 2-3.
In addition, rainwater in the toilet 1 can be collected, and the collected rainwater is injected into the grey water collecting and disposing 5 for filtering and sterilizing. The means 2-6 for collecting stormwater may be conventional means such as a sink.
The power supply system of the toilet room can be a combination of a photovoltaic power supply system and commercial power. As shown in fig. 6, the photovoltaic power supply system includes a photovoltaic power generation device 7-1, a direct current junction box 7-2, an intelligent power distribution device 7-3, and an electric storage device 7-4. The photovoltaic power generation device 7-1 is arranged on the roof of a toilet, and direct current generated by the photovoltaic power generation device is transmitted to a load electric appliance which is driven by direct current in the public toilet through the power distribution device 7-3 for use, and meanwhile the power storage device 7-4 is charged.
Aiming at the toilet, the invention provides an embodiment of an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system comprises an electric power distribution system, a lighting control system, a toilet position use monitoring system, a temperature control system, a water flow control system, an air quality control system and a central control unit with a programmable control function.
The power distribution control system is used for controlling distribution of electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation and power supply of a public power grid to a toilet room. The lighting control system automatically controls the on and off of the lighting lamp in the toilet room. The toilet use monitoring system monitors the use condition of the toilet. The temperature control system adjusts the constant temperature inside the toilet room; the water flow control system controls the urine volume of the urine evaporation device 4-2 and the water supply modes of the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3. The air quality control system controls the content of polluted gas in the toilet room. The intelligent control system realizes the accurate maintenance mode of public toilet use and operation and maintenance by timely regulating and controlling the toilet use monitoring system, the temperature control system, the lighting control system, the air quality monitoring system, the electric power distribution system and the water flow monitoring control system, and maintains the comfortable environment in the toilet. The photovoltaic power supply system meets the requirement of self-maintenance of power consumption of various systems of public toilets. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, convenience and wide application scene, realizes the flushing of the toilet by sewage recycling and the recycling, and the intelligent control system assists in improving the low-carbon operation and maintenance level of the public toilet. The intelligent control system is described in detail below with reference to fig. 7.
The power distribution control system monitors the generated power and the load power of the photovoltaic panel in real time through the current sensor, the illumination is strong, and when the generated power of the photovoltaic panel is larger than the load power, the central control unit controls redundant electric energy to charge the storage battery through the charge-discharge controller; when the power generated by the photovoltaic panel is smaller than the load power at night or in weak illumination, the central control unit controls the storage battery to supply power to the toilet electricity load through the charge-discharge controller; when the photovoltaic panel generates electric energy which is larger than the load and the storage battery is full, the central control unit controls the redundant electric energy to enter the national power grid through the inverter 7-5; when the power of the photovoltaic panel and the storage battery is insufficient for the load, the central control unit controls the public power grid to supply power to the load through the rectifier 7-6.
The lighting control system detects the illuminance and human pyroelectric infrared through the infrared photosensitive detector at the same time, and transmits the numerical value and the use information to the central control unit, and the central control unit determines the starting and stopping state of the lighting lamp according to the set numerical value and the use information. When the illuminance is lower than the set limit and human body pyroelectric infrared is detected at the same time, the lamp is automatically controlled to be turned on, otherwise, the lamp is turned off.
The toilet use monitoring system comprises an infrared human body sensor arranged in the toilet and a prompter arranged on a door of the toilet. The toilet position is an independent space in the toilet room, and a urinal 2-3 is arranged in the toilet position. Under the control of the central control unit, the infrared human body sensor in the toilet senses whether a person is present or not and prompts the person on the prompter. The indicator can be a display screen or an indicator light, for example, when the infrared human body sensor senses that a person is in a toilet, the display screen displays the person, or the indicator light is red; when the infrared human body sensor does not sense that someone is in the toilet (the toilet is free), the display screen displays no people, or the indicator light is green. The toilet use condition information is synchronized to the cloud data analysis platform in a networking mode and is used for data analysis of passenger flow, energy consumption, data storage and historical data query.
The temperature monitoring control system comprises an air conditioner and a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor monitors the indoor temperature of the toilet and transmits the indoor temperature to the central control unit, the central control unit dynamically determines the start and stop of the air conditioner according to the indoor real-time temperature of the toilet, and when the temperature is higher than the highest value of a set range, the air conditioner is started and refrigerated; when the temperature is lower than the minimum value of the set range, the air conditioner is started and heats; when the temperature is within the set range, the air conditioner is turned off.
The water volume and water flow control system comprises a first liquid level sensor, wherein the liquid level sensor monitors the urine volume in the urine evaporation device 4-2 and transmits the value to a central control unit, and the central control value unit determines the urine volume in the urine evaporation device 4-2 according to a set range. When the urine amount of the urine evaporation device 4-2 is higher than the highest value of the set range, the urine evaporation device 4-2 stops urine inflow; when the urine amount of the urine evaporating device 4-2 is lower than the minimum value of the set range, the urine evaporating device 4-2 starts to enter urine.
The water quantity and water flow control system also comprises a second liquid level sensor, the second liquid level sensor monitors the water quantity of the grey water collecting and treating device and transmits the monitoring result to the central control unit, and the central control unit determines the water supply state of the grey water collecting and treating device according to the set range. When the water quantity of the ash water collecting and treating device is higher than the highest value of the set range, flushing water of the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3 is provided by the ash water collecting and treating device; when the water quantity of the ash water collecting and treating device is lower than the minimum value of the set range, the flushing water of the urinal 2-2 and the urinal 2-3 is provided by the clean water tank 6.
The air quality control system comprises an odor detector and an exhaust fan 8, wherein the odor detector detects the polluted gas such as ammonia, sulfide, smog odor and the like in a toilet room, and transmits the detection result to a central control unit, and the central control unit determines the opening state of the exhaust fan 8 according to a set range. When the content of ammonia, sulfide and smoke odor gas in the toilet room is higher than the highest value in the set range, the exhaust fan 8 is started to exhaust the gas out of the toilet room; when the indoor ammonia, sulfide and smoke odor gas content is lower than the set range minimum value, the exhaust fan 8 is closed.
The intelligent control system further comprises a data analysis platform, and is used for measuring and uploading data such as the number of people in the toilet, the water consumption, the power consumption or the power supply amount, the manure output, the urine fertilizer output and the like of the whole toilet to the cloud end for monitoring the overall running state of the toilet so as to assist management personnel in operation management. It can be seen that the toilet room of the present invention is environment-friendly, and thus may be referred to as a bio-environmental toilet, a low-carbon toilet, or a zero-carbon toilet.
The ecological environment-friendly toilet can be built into a fixed structure, and can also be processed into a skid-mounted or mobile form. In addition, as the use function of the ecological toilet is the same as that of the traditional toilet, the added resource recovery unit (a quality-dividing and pollution-collecting treatment system) not only can form an organic whole with the novel toilet, but also can be used for the transformation and update of the existing toilet, and the resource recovery unit and the existing toilet can be conveniently combined to realize the upgrading and updating of the existing toilet.
In summary, the invention monitors the air quality, illuminance, use state and the like of each toilet position of the ecological environment-friendly toilet, controls ventilation and illumination, and maintains the comfortable environment in the toilet position; the monitoring system monitors the number of people in the toilet, water consumption, power consumption and the like of the whole public toilet, utilizes a communication means to upload monitoring data to a data analysis platform for people stream and energy consumption analysis, monitors the running state of the public toilet, can display the result on a display screen outside the public toilet, and helps to improve the operation and management level of the public toilet.
Claims (10)
1. A public toilet, characterized in that the toilet room of the public toilet is provided with:
a hand basin;
a urinal;
a toilet bowl;
a clean water tank; and
a quality-based, soil-pick-up treatment system comprising:
a rainwater collection device;
a black water collecting and treating device, comprising: a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation of the waste discharged from the toilet bowl, and a high-temperature composting device for converting the solid separated by the solid-liquid separation device into organic manure;
yellow water collection and treatment device, it includes: a urine storage tank for collecting urine discharged from the urinal, and a urine evaporation device for recycling nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the urine in the urine storage tank; and
a grey water collection and treatment device, comprising: a multistage filtration device for filtering water separated from urine by the urine evaporation device, liquid separated by the fecal sewage solid-liquid separation device, rainwater collected by the rainwater collection device, and water discharged from the basin; a regeneration water tank for storing water filtered by the multi-stage filter; and a sterilizing treatment device for sterilizing the water of the regeneration water tank;
the urinal comprises a urinal body, a urine storage tank, a urine evaporation device, a high-temperature composting device, a water inlet, a water outlet of a wash basin, a separation liquid outlet of the excrement solid-liquid separation device, a rainwater collection device, a disinfection treatment device, a water outlet of the disinfection treatment device, a water purifying tank and a water inlet of the urinal body, wherein the urinal body is sequentially connected with the sewage outlet of the excrement solid-liquid separation device and the high-temperature composting device, the sewage outlet of the urinal body, the separation solid outlet of the excrement solid-liquid separation device and the water inlet of the high-temperature composting device are sequentially connected, the sewage outlet of the urinal body, the urine storage tank, the urine evaporation device and the water inlet of the multi-stage filtering device are sequentially connected, the water outlet of the wash basin, the separation liquid outlet of the excrement solid-liquid separation device and the rainwater collection device are connected to the water inlet of the multi-stage filtering device, the water inlets of the urinal body and the urinal body are respectively connected with the urinal body, the water inlets of the wash basin, the urinal body and the urinal body are respectively connected with the water inlet of the water purifying tank, when the water amount in the ash collecting treatment device is higher than a set value.
2. The public toilet of claim 1, wherein the toilet is stationary, skid-mounted or mobile.
3. The public toilet of claim 1, wherein the urine evaporation device is electrically heated and solar heated.
4. The public toilet of claim 1, further comprising a photovoltaic power supply system.
5. A control system for a public toilet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
a central control unit; and
the first liquid level sensor is used for monitoring the urine volume in the urine evaporation device and transmitting the monitored urine volume to the central control unit, the central control unit determines the urine volume in the urine evaporation device according to a set range, the urine evaporation device stops urine intake when the urine volume in the urine evaporation device is higher than the highest value of the set range, and the urine evaporation device starts urine intake when the urine volume in the urine evaporation device is lower than the lowest value of the set range;
the second liquid level sensor monitors the water quantity of the gray water collecting and treating device and transmits the monitored water quantity to the central control unit, the central control unit determines the water supply state of the gray water collecting and treating device according to a set range, when the water quantity of the gray water collecting and treating device is higher than the highest value of the set range, the water of the urinal and the water of the urinal are provided by the gray water collecting and treating device, and when the water quantity of the gray water collecting and treating device is lower than the lowest value of the set range, the water of the urinal and the water of the urinal are provided by the water purifying tank.
6. The control system of claim 5, further comprising: and the data analysis platform is used for metering one or more of the number of people who use the toilet, the water consumption, the power supply quantity, the manure output and the urine fertilizer output of the toilet.
7. The control system of claim 5, further comprising: the power distribution control system is used for controlling distribution of electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation and power supply of a public power grid to the toilet; and the lighting control system is used for automatically controlling the on/off of the indoor lighting lamp of the toilet.
8. The control system of claim 5, further comprising a temperature control system that adjusts the toilet interior temperature.
9. The control system of claim 5, further comprising an air quality control system that controls the content of the polluted gas in the toilet.
10. The control system of claim 5, further comprising a toilet usage monitoring system that monitors whether a toilet location of the toilet is being used.
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