CN117532108A - Device and method for improving forming quality and two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution - Google Patents
Device and method for improving forming quality and two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN117532108A CN117532108A CN202311768280.6A CN202311768280A CN117532108A CN 117532108 A CN117532108 A CN 117532108A CN 202311768280 A CN202311768280 A CN 202311768280A CN 117532108 A CN117532108 A CN 117532108A
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- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- TVZRAEYQIKYCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(trimethylsilyl)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)CCCS(O)(=O)=O TVZRAEYQIKYCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241001085205 Prenanthella exigua Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
- B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by online solid solution, wherein the device comprises an additive manufacturing device based on TIG welding, a cooling device, a temperature measuring device and a computer, wherein the additive manufacturing device is used for carrying out additive work of metal parts, the cooling device is used for rapidly cooling WAAM forming DSS to regulate the forming quality and the two-phase proportion, the temperature measuring device is used for measuring interlayer temperature data in an additive process, and the computer is electrically connected with the temperature measuring device and a flow control valve so as to calculate the actual cooling rate according to temperature change data in interval time and carry out feedback control. According to the device and the method, the cooling medium is introduced in the WAAM process, so that the DSS high-temperature melt channel formed in the WAAM is rapidly cooled to achieve a solid solution effect, reasonable two-phase proportion is obtained while material adding efficiency is prevented from being reduced, an additional heat treatment process is not needed, efficiency loss of the WAAM formed DSS is reduced, additional energy loss is reduced, and the utilization rate of materials is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of arc fuse additive manufacturing, in particular to a device and a method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution.
Background
Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS) has both austenite and ferrite phases, and is widely used in the fields of ocean engineering, petrochemical industry, and the like. The DSS is prepared by adopting the traditional processing mode, so that the cost is high, the defects of deformation, rebound, even cracking and the like of a formed part are easily caused, and the quality of the product cannot be ensured. Compared with the traditional equal material-material reduction processing, the arc fuse additive manufacturing (WAAM) has high deposition rate, lower cost and can rapidly shape parts with complex structures, thereby being an additive manufacturing mode which is most suitable for manufacturing large-scale metal parts.
WAAM is the melting and then solidification of wire, whereas DSS is a fully ferritic structure after solidification from the liquid phase, which structure remains until the temperature of the ferrite solubility curve (solvus temperature) where only part of the ferrite is transformed into austenite to form a duplex structure. If the layers are not sufficiently cooled during the WAAM-forming DSS process, the continued accumulation of heat can cause excessive transformation of ferrite to austenite, which can not meet the requirements of the DSS.
In additive manufacturing forming, inter-layer spacing time and intra-layer additive speed are key factors affecting additive forming efficiency. WAAM has a higher in-layer additive speed than other metal additive approaches, and the corresponding heat input is typically greater than that of other additive manufacturing processes. In the WAAM process, the heat dissipation condition is poor due to the cyclic heating of excessive heat input, the formed size of the part is poor due to the accumulation of generated heat, and the effective deposition volume is reduced; the microstructure is unevenly distributed, and the performance of the part cannot meet the required requirements. Particularly with DSS, the continued heat build-up during WAAM causes excessive transformation of ferrite to austenite, thereby affecting the performance of the formed part. It is therefore important to find a way to improve the two-phase ratio of DSS during the formation of DSS by WAAM.
The current common method for improving the two-phase proportion of WAAM-formed DSS is interlayer passive cooling and subsequent heat treatment. Literature 1 [ ]N.,I./>and I./>Influence of the Interlayer Temperature on Structure and Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Duplex Stainless Steel products materials,2020.13 (24): p.5795.) the interlayer temperature is controlled by increasing the interval time between melt channel formation per pass (i.e., passive cooling heat dissipation) to improve the formation quality and the two-phase ratio of the WAAM formed DSS part, which results in a reduced surface roughness of the formed DSS part as the interlayer temperature is reduced. However, the DSS two-phase ratio formed by increasing the interval time by passive cooling does not change significantly, and the decrease in the interlayer temperature means the increase in the interval time between the layers, which obviously goes against the concept of "rapid manufacturing". Document 2 (Liu Feihong, zhang Long, sun Jian, wang Dongsheng, hong Jun, zhou Fei. Optimization of arc additive manufacturing 2209 duplex stainless steel heat treatment process [ J ]]Post heat treatment of WAAM-formed DSS parts is performed by university of Anhui university of Industrial science (Nature science edition), 2023,40 (04): 381-387), which is a good two-phase exampleGood regulation, but this also increases the WAAM manufacturing process, creating additional energy losses. Moreover, the size of the formed part is limited by the heat treatment furnace, and the advantage of WAAM that large-scale metal components can be directly formed cannot be exhibited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by on-line solid solution, which can improve the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of WAAM forming DSS and improve the additive efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the device for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of the arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel comprises an additive manufacturing device based on TIG welding, a cooling device, a temperature measuring device and a computer, wherein the additive manufacturing device is used for carrying out additive work on metal parts and mainly comprises a welding gun, a wire feeding device and a clamp, the cooling device is used for rapidly cooling WAAM forming DSS to regulate the forming quality and the two-phase proportion, the cooling device mainly comprises a cooling medium container, a flow control valve and a cooling medium nozzle, the cooling medium container, the flow control valve and the cooling medium nozzle are connected through a conduit, the temperature measuring device is used for measuring interlayer temperature data in the additive manufacturing process, and the computer is electrically connected with the temperature measuring device and the flow control valve respectively to calculate the actual cooling rate according to temperature change data in interval time and carry out feedback control.
Further, the wire feeder and the cooling medium nozzle are fixed on the welding gun through a clamp, and the angle and the position can be adjusted.
Further, the cooling device is also provided with a baffle, the cooling medium nozzle points to the position 15-20 mm behind the molten pool of the formed part, the baffle is fixed between the welding gun and the cooling medium nozzle, and a groove which is adapted to the shape of a molten channel of the formed part is formed in the middle of the baffle and is used for preventing the cooling medium output from the cooling medium nozzle from directly acting on the molten pool in the formed part to influence the formation of the molten channel.
Further, the temperature measuring device is a thermal imager, and the thermal imager points to a forming position of a melting channel of the formed part so as to measure interlayer temperature data of the melting channel of the formed part; the computer obtains temperature change data within a certain interval time according to temperature data measured by the thermal imager, calculates actual cooling rate, calculates the ratio between the actual cooling rate and the set cooling rate, and controls the flow control valve to adjust the medium transmission rate in the cooling medium nozzle, so that the on-line adjustment of the cooling rate of the formed part melt channel is realized.
The invention also provides a method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of the arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel based on the online solid solution of the device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Aiming at the cooling rate meeting the DSS two-phase proportion requirement, the initial flow rate of the cooling medium is set by the formula (1):
wherein Δt is a temperature change per unit time; t is the interval time; η is cooling efficiency; p is the refrigerating capacity and is in direct proportion to the flow of the cooling medium; c is the specific heat capacity of the material; m is the deposition quality of the material in unit time, is proportional to the wire feeding speed and is inversely proportional to the material adding speed;
(2) In the material adding process, interlayer temperature data of a formed part melt channel is obtained in real time through a temperature measuring device and fed back to a computer, the computer obtains temperature change data in a certain interval time according to the interlayer temperature data, and the actual cooling rate of the melt channel is calculated;
(3) The computer corrects the cooling efficiency eta according to the proportional relation between the actual cooling rate and the set cooling rate of the melting channel; the refrigerating capacity P required by forming is recalculated based on the corrected cooling rate eta through the formula (1), and the refrigerating capacity P is fed back to a flow control valve to change the flow of the cooling medium, so that the two-phase proportion of the WAAM formed DSS is improved by controlling the cooling rate through feedback;
(4) Keeping the cooling rate of the melt channel constant, and continuing the additive processing until the deposition of one layer of melt channel is completed;
(5) Repeating steps (2) - (4), and directly forming the DSS part conforming to the target two-phase proportion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method can realize the online regulation and control of the cooling rate of the melt channel in the WAAM process through the online cooling device, the temperature measuring device and the integrated melt channel interlayer temperature detection-cooling feedback control method.
(2) The method for online regulating and controlling the cooling rate of the WAAM formed part can improve the forming quality of the WAAM formed DSS, improve the utilization rate of the material-increasing part and solve the contradiction between the quality qualification and the forming efficiency of the WAAM formed DSS.
(3) The invention can improve the two-phase proportion of the DSS by the method of online regulating and controlling the cooling rate of the WAAM formed part, can directly form the DSS part conforming to the two-phase proportion, improves the comprehensive performance of the material, does not need subsequent heat treatment, simplifies the manufacturing process flow of the WAAM formed DSS and saves energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method implementation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an implementation of cooling rate regulation by temperature feedback in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional scan of an example of a DSS thin-walled part formed without modulating the cooling rate and the formed morphology in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional scan of an example of a DSS thin-walled part formed by the method and a formed profile in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a microstructure view of an example of an unregulated cooling rate formed DSS feature in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a microstructure view of an example DSS part formed by the present method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The invention provides a device and a method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by online solid solution, which are used for solving the contradiction between the quality qualification of WAAM forming DSS and the forming efficiency. In the WAAM forming DSS, if it is desired to achieve a formed article (ferrite or austenite greater than 30%) that meets DSS requirements, the cooling rate during the additive process is controlled, typically by increasing the cooling rate of the part by lowering the interlaminar temperature by passive cooling, but by passively lowering the interlaminar temperature requires a longer interlaminar spacing, which can greatly reduce the forming efficiency of the WAAM. According to the invention, the cooling medium is directly introduced in the WAAM process, so that the DSS high-temperature melt channel formed in the WAAM is rapidly cooled to achieve the solid solution effect, the reasonable two-phase proportion is obtained while the reduction of the material adding efficiency is avoided, an additional heat treatment process is not needed, the efficiency loss of the WAAM formed DSS is reduced, the additional energy loss is reduced, and the utilization rate of the material is further improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a device for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by online solid solution, which comprises an additive manufacturing device based on TIG welding, a cooling device, a temperature measuring device 9 and a computer 10, wherein the additive manufacturing device is used for carrying out additive work of metal parts and mainly comprises a welding gun 1, a wire feeding device 3 and a clamp 2, the cooling device is used for rapidly cooling a WAAM forming DSS to regulate the forming quality and the two-phase proportion, the cooling device mainly comprises a cooling medium container 5, a flow control valve 6 and a cooling medium nozzle 7, the cooling medium container 5, the flow control valve 6 and the cooling medium nozzle 7 are connected through a conduit, the temperature measuring device 9 is used for measuring interlayer temperature data in the additive process, and the computer 10 is respectively electrically connected with the temperature measuring device 9 and the flow control valve 6 so as to calculate the actual cooling rate according to temperature change data in interval time and carry out feedback control.
Specifically, the wire feeder 3 and the cooling medium nozzle 7 are fixed to the welding gun 1 by a clamp 2, and the angle and position thereof can be adjusted.
The cooling device is also provided with a baffle plate 8, the cooling medium nozzle 7 points to a position 15-20 mm behind the molten pool of the formed part 4, the baffle plate 8 is fixed between the welding gun 1 and the cooling medium nozzle 7, and a groove which is adapted to the shape of a molten channel of the formed part 4 is arranged in the middle of the baffle plate, so that the cooling medium output from the cooling medium nozzle 7 is prevented from directly acting on the molten pool in the formed part 4 to influence the formation of the molten channel.
In this embodiment, the temperature measuring device 9 is a thermal imager, and the thermal imager 9 points to the melt channel forming position of the formed part 4 to measure the interlayer temperature data of the melt channel of the formed part; the computer 10 obtains temperature change data within a certain interval time according to temperature data measured by the thermal imager 9, calculates an actual cooling rate, calculates a ratio between the actual cooling rate and a set cooling rate, and controls the flow control valve 6 to adjust the medium transmission rate in the cooling medium nozzle 7 according to the calculated ratio, so that the on-line adjustment of the cooling rate of the melt channel of the formed part 4 is realized.
In WAAM shaping DSS, the cooling rate is a critical factor in controlling the proportion of two phases in the shaped article. Thus, the present invention improves the two-phase ratio of the WAAM-shaped DSS by controlling the cooling rate. Fig. 2 is a flowchart for implementing the method of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a diagram for implementing the cooling rate regulation by temperature feedback. The method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of the arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel based on the online solid solution of the device specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Aiming at the cooling rate meeting the DSS two-phase proportion requirement, the initial flow rate of the cooling medium is set by the formula (1):
wherein Δt is a temperature change per unit time; t is the interval time; η is the cooling efficiency, the initial setting value of which is 1; p is the refrigerating capacity and is in direct proportion to the flow of the cooling medium; c is the specific heat capacity of the material; m is the deposition mass of the material per unit time, and is proportional to the wire feeding speed and inversely proportional to the material adding speed.
(2) In the material adding process, interlayer temperature data of the melting channel of the formed part 4 are obtained in real time through the temperature measuring device 9 and fed back to the computer 10, the computer 10 obtains temperature change data in a certain interval time according to the interlayer temperature data, and the actual cooling rate of the melting channel is calculated.
(3) The computer corrects the cooling efficiency eta according to the proportional relation between the actual cooling rate and the set cooling rate of the melting channel; the cooling capacity P required for forming is recalculated by the formula (1) based on the corrected cooling rate eta, and the flow rate of the cooling medium is fed back to the flow control valve 6 to change, so that the two-phase proportion of the WAAM-formed DSS is improved by regulating the cooling rate through feedback.
(4) And keeping the cooling rate of the melt channel constant, and continuing the additive processing until the deposition of one layer of melt channel is completed.
(5) Repeating steps (2) - (4), and directly forming the DSS part conforming to the target two-phase proportion.
FIGS. 4-7 are, respectively, comparison of unregulated cooling rates during WAAM formation of ER 2594DSS thin-walled parts under the same process parameters with examples obtained by the online regulated cooling rate method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional scan of an example of an unregulated cooling rate formed DSS thin walled part and a formed profile, with a measured surface roughness of the part of 0.2791mm; FIG. 5 shows three-dimensional scanning results of a DSS thin-wall part formed by the online cooling rate regulating and controlling method and a formed shape, wherein the measurement result of the surface roughness of the part is 0.1936mm. Through comparison, the surface flatness of the DSS part subjected to online cooling rate regulation is greatly improved. Therefore, the method for online regulating and controlling the cooling rate of the WAAM formed DSS part by the method can ensure the surface quality of the formed part without passive cooling and heat dissipation after each channel of melt channel of the DSS is formed, effectively improve the forming precision of the material-adding part, and solve the contradiction between the qualified quality of the WAAM formed DSS and the high forming efficiency.
Metallographic observation is carried out on the microstructure of the WAAM-shaped DSS part subjected to metallographic corrosion through an optical microscope, wherein the black part is a ferrite phase, and the bright white part is an austenite phase. FIG. 6 shows a microstructure of an example of an unregulated cooling rate formed DSS part having an austenite content of about 73.02% and a ferrite content of about 26.98%, and FIG. 7 shows a microstructure of an example of an on-line regulated cooling rate formed DSS part by the method of the present invention having an austenite content of about 56.68% and a ferrite content of about 43.32%. The microstructure of the DSS part example formed by online regulating and controlling the cooling rate can directly meet the requirement of the two-phase proportion of the DSS (wherein any phase is not lower than 30%), so that the formed part does not need to regulate and control the two-phase proportion of the formed part through subsequent heat treatment, the manufacturing process flow of the WAAM formed DSS is simplified, and the energy is saved.
In summary, the device and the method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of the duplex stainless steel manufactured by the arc additive in an online solid solution manner effectively improve the surface quality and the two-phase proportion of the WAAM-formed DSS part, improve the utilization rate of materials, simplify the manufacturing process flow of the WAAM-formed DSS and save energy.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the disclosed technical content to the equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The device for improving the forming quality and the two-phase proportion of the arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel is characterized by comprising an additive manufacturing device based on TIG welding, a cooling device, a temperature measuring device and a computer, wherein the additive manufacturing device is used for carrying out additive work on metal parts and mainly comprises a welding gun, a wire feeding device and a clamp, the cooling device is used for rapidly cooling WAAM forming DSS to regulate the forming quality and the two-phase proportion, the cooling device mainly comprises a cooling medium container, a flow control valve and a cooling medium nozzle, the cooling medium container, the flow control valve and the cooling medium nozzle are connected through a conduit, the temperature measuring device is used for measuring interlayer temperature data in the additive process, and the computer is respectively electrically connected with the temperature measuring device and the flow control valve to calculate the actual cooling rate according to temperature change data in interval time and carry out feedback control.
2. The apparatus for improving arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel forming quality and two-phase ratio by on-line solid solution according to claim 1, wherein the wire feeder and the cooling medium nozzle are fixed on the welding gun by a clamp, and the angle and the position can be adjusted.
3. The apparatus for improving the forming quality and the two-phase ratio of the arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by on-line solid solution according to claim 1, wherein the cooling apparatus is further provided with a baffle plate, the cooling medium nozzle is directed to a position 15-20 mm behind a molten pool of the forming part, the baffle plate is fixed between a welding gun and the cooling medium nozzle, a groove which is adapted to the shape of a molten channel of the forming part is formed in the middle of the baffle plate, and the groove is used for preventing the cooling medium output from the cooling medium nozzle from directly acting on the molten pool in the forming part to influence the forming of the molten channel.
4. The apparatus for improving the forming quality and the two-phase ratio of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel by on-line solid solution according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring device is a thermal imager, and the thermal imager is directed to a forming position of a melting channel of a formed part so as to measure interlayer temperature data of the melting channel of the formed part; the computer obtains temperature change data within a certain interval time according to temperature data measured by the thermal imager, calculates actual cooling rate, calculates the ratio between the actual cooling rate and the set cooling rate, and controls the flow control valve to adjust the medium transmission rate in the cooling medium nozzle, so that the on-line adjustment of the cooling rate of the formed part melt channel is realized.
5. A method for improving the forming quality and the two-phase ratio of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel based on the on-line solid solution of the device of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Aiming at the cooling rate meeting the DSS two-phase proportion requirement, the initial flow rate of the cooling medium is set by the formula (1):
wherein Δt is a temperature change per unit time; t is the interval time; η is cooling efficiency; p is the refrigerating capacity and is in direct proportion to the flow of the cooling medium; c is the specific heat capacity of the material; m is the deposition quality of the material in unit time, is proportional to the wire feeding speed and is inversely proportional to the material adding speed;
(2) In the material adding process, interlayer temperature data of a formed part melt channel is obtained in real time through a temperature measuring device and fed back to a computer, the computer obtains temperature change data in a certain interval time according to the interlayer temperature data, and the actual cooling rate of the melt channel is calculated;
(3) The computer corrects the cooling efficiency eta according to the proportional relation between the actual cooling rate and the set cooling rate of the melting channel; the refrigerating capacity P required by forming is recalculated based on the corrected cooling rate eta through the formula (1), and the refrigerating capacity P is fed back to a flow control valve to change the flow of the cooling medium, so that the two-phase proportion of the WAAM formed DSS is improved by controlling the cooling rate through feedback;
(4) Keeping the cooling rate of the melt channel constant, and continuing the additive processing until the deposition of one layer of melt channel is completed;
(5) Repeating steps (2) - (4), and directly forming the DSS part conforming to the target two-phase proportion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311768280.6A CN117532108A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Device and method for improving forming quality and two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution |
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| CN202311768280.6A CN117532108A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Device and method for improving forming quality and two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution |
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| CN117532108A true CN117532108A (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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| CN202311768280.6A Pending CN117532108A (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | Device and method for improving forming quality and two-phase proportion of arc additive manufacturing duplex stainless steel through online solid solution |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117532108A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-12-21 CN CN202311768280.6A patent/CN117532108A/en active Pending
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