CN117516636B

CN117516636B - Coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method and system

Info

Publication number: CN117516636B
Application number: CN202410005837.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李广雪; 李季; 刘玲
Original assignee: Ocean University of China
Current assignee: Ocean University of China
Priority date: 2024-01-03
Filing date: 2024-01-03
Publication date: 2024-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2044-01-03
Also published as: CN117516636A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean wind field information identification, and discloses a coastal dykes and dams safety monitoring and early warning method and system. The method integrates an air-day-ground multisource earth observation technology, monitors different time-space scale full coverage of an infrastructure in a coastal zone, and comprises fine detection of seawall-crack-seepage from beach-seawall-underwater full range monitoring, and analysis of time scale response from long-term evolution-accumulation effect to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning; a multi-element database is built, and response data of the ground deformation of the infrastructure to the sea level change under the action of a long-time scale of climate change and a short-term event of storm surge are obtained. Aiming at the superposition influence of ground subsidence factors, the invention improves the accurate monitoring means of the important infrastructure of the coastal zone, constructs an early warning and evaluation system of the infrastructure for coping with sea level and climate change, and provides scientific basis for decision making of departments such as urban planning, coastal zone development, environmental protection, engineering construction and the like.

Description

Coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method and system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine wind field information identification, and particularly relates to a coastal dykes and dams safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

Background

The coastal zone is the most populated area and urban area, and more than 40% of human population is concentrated in the coastal zone area, so that more than 60% of GDP is created. At the same time, the influence of human activities on the coastal zone environment is also the most profound. The underground water is exploited in large quantity, so that the underground water level is lowered, an underground funnel is generated, and the ground is sunk in a large area. In addition, the high-rise buildings increase the ground bearing capacity and aggravate the ground sinking rate. Under the dual actions of sea level rising and ground subsidence, disasters such as storm surge, flood, coastal erosion, seawater invasion, soil salinization and the like are aggravated, the damage of an ecological system of a coastal zone is aggravated, the safety of coastal infrastructure is threatened, and normal production and life are affected.

How to accurately determine the response process and mechanism of large coastal zone infrastructure to sea level rise in the context of human activity and global climate warming. The rise of the sea level exacerbates the problems of storm surge invasion, coastal erosion and the like in coastal areas, and the accurate determination of the vertical deformation of the surface of the coastal zone and the large-scale infrastructure thereof is a key factor for understanding the sea level change and the potential submerged disaster of the coastal zone. The structural health monitoring and the safety evaluation of the large-scale coastal zone infrastructure constructed based on the multisource earth observation technology are key technical problems to be solved urgently.

In recent years, GNSS, satellite-borne/foundation InSAR, UAV Lidar and the like have been widely applied to deformation monitoring of earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, ground subsidence and the like, so that important observation data are provided for accurately determining the surface deformation monitoring and analysis of coastal zone cities and estuary low-ground plains under the background of human activities and climate warming, and understanding of large-scale infrastructures on sea level rising response processes and mechanisms is promoted.

The InSAR time sequence analysis technology is widely used for obtaining ground subsidence deformation signals with mm/yr level precision by a processing mode of superposition, average or space-time filtering interferogram sequences and detecting space-time change characteristics of point target scatterers, plane scatterers or a combination of the two scatterers.

At present, a plurality of InSAR satellite sensors (such as C-band Sentinel-1A/B, radarsat-2 and X-band TerraSAR-X, L band ALOS-2 satellites) running in orbit are arranged, and the next generation L-band high-resolution broad-width SAR satellite Tanmem-L in planning is greatly improved in the revisit period and orbit control. The interference synthetic aperture radar measurement data can be continuously acquired, and a data foundation is laid for the application of the high-precision InSAR technology in monitoring the surface deformation of a certain coastal zone.

The current research on the influence of the longer time scale of the sea level rise and the risk assessment are very poor, and only individual cities provide information of the major infrastructure of the cities for adapting to climate change, especially the sea level rise. Particularly, in the aspect of developing long-term continuous deformation monitoring and the like of a large-scale infrastructure of a coastal zone by comprehensively utilizing InSAR, GNSS, UAV, lidar and other space-to-ground observation technologies, more blank research areas still exist in the prior art.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows: in the analysis of the superposition influence of the ground settlement factors in the prior art, the accurate monitoring effect on the coastal zone major infrastructure is poor, and the obtained infrastructure has low early warning information precision on sea level and climate change.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the embodiment of the invention provides a coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method and system.

The technical scheme is as follows: the coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method integrates an air-day-ground multisource earth observation technology, monitors different time-space scale full coverage of coastal zone area infrastructures, monitors coastal dykes-cracks-seepage fine detection from the full range of beach-coastal dykes-underwater, and analyzes from long-term evolution-accumulation effect to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning time scale response; based on the acquired full coverage monitoring information of different time-space scales of the infrastructures in the coastal zone, a multi-element database is built, and response data of ground deformation of the infrastructures to sea level change under the action of long time scales of climate change and short-term events of storm tide are acquired; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities based on a deformation monitoring technology of multisource earth observation;

S2, determining macroscopic deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of the coastal zone infrastructure according to a multi-source observation technology, extracting deformation fine characteristics, and analyzing a deformation induction mechanism;

s3, establishing a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establishing a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system.

In step S1, a deformation monitoring technique based on multisource earth observation, comprising:

(1) Generating a research area base 6m DEM digital elevation model by utilizing the TanDEM satellite data and the InSAR technology;

(2) Performing global census and periodic updating by using an InSAR technology, selecting an important monitoring area, aiming at a long-time InSAR monitoring result of the deformation of the coastal zone, monitoring a distributed target and a permanent scattering target by using an InSAR time sequence analysis technology module, and converting deformation signals of linear and planar areas of an infrastructure of the coastal zone;

(3) Carrying out coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence and disaster analysis by using an UAV Lidar airborne scanning technology or an UAV Camera airborne scanning technology, and simultaneously carrying out full coverage measurement on underwater topography by matching with a multi-beam sounding system;

(4) The method comprises the steps of utilizing a ground-based synthetic aperture radar system to perform on-site remote sensing observation of an infrastructure, combining an RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, and realizing interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in near real time;

(5) The InSAR of the main body part of the dam is periodically updated, and Multi-GNSS real-time monitoring is used on the road surface at the top of the dam and the sea slope part;

(6) Analyzing sea level changes by using historical tide station data and GNSS data;

(7) InSAR-based long-time high-precision general survey and airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology-based beach supplementary survey; the method comprises the steps of constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar and important area fine monitoring of an unmanned aerial vehicle; and selecting a coastal zone infrastructure part, and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities.

In step (2), the performing global census and periodic updates using the InSAR technique includes:

and (3) adopting GAMMA software to perform SAR image interference processing to realize the whole process from single vision complex images to digital elevation models and surface deformation of various SAR data under the Python frame.

In step (2), the monitoring of the distributed target, the permanently scattered target, by using the InSAR timing analysis technology module comprises:

The expansion of the SBAS InSAR time sequence analysis method under the Python frame is realized based on the InSAR time sequence analysis technology: and performing image registration, resampling, strong coherence point selection, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement and strong coherence point phase sequence analysis processing on SAR data.

In step (2), converting the deformation signal of the linear and planar area of the infrastructure in the coastal zone region, comprising:

According to the space-time base line and the azimuth scanning synchronous proportion, selecting an interferogram sequence, and automatically identifying and correcting a phase unwrapping error by using a phase closed loop method; the InSAR terrain-related atmospheric delays are corrected based on an atmospheric correction online service system.

In the step (4), the combination of the RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, the near real-time implementation of interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction comprises:

Estimating and correcting an ionosphere phase screen of an interference pattern influenced by an ionosphere by adopting a distance-oriented frequency spectrum method, obtaining a coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by utilizing an SBAS method facing a distributed target, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by adopting a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameter by adopting a network track correction method; the function dictionary includes linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, B-spline functions.

Further, the obtaining the coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by using the SBAS method facing the distributed target, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by using a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameters by using a network track correction method comprises the following steps:

The conversion of the three-dimensional deformation component and the InSAR observed quantity is realized according to the following steps:

Where θ is the incident angle, For the satellite heading angle, the relationship between the vertical component and LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: d _U＝d_LOS/cosθ;d_LOS is LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is a component of horizontal displacement in satellite navigation direction, d _E is east displacement, d _N is north displacement, and d _U is vertical displacement;

Forming simultaneous equations by referring to an SBAS algorithm, solving deformation time sequences, average linear velocity and residual terrain errors, and carrying out internal coincidence precision checking by utilizing multi-mode and multi-track InSAR data; inSAR time sequence analysis results and uncertainty are evaluated by combining with a measured area GPS or level observation data, the following type is utilized to fuse the lifting rail LOS directional velocity (Asc _vel,Des_vel) to obtain the deformation velocity of the vertical Z _vel and the horizontal H _vel, SAR information is projected to a GPS coordinate frame, wherein Representing the angle of incidence and the satellite heading angle, respectively:

Wherein Z _vel is the vertical deformation rate, H _vel is the horizontal deformation rate, asc _vel is the derailment rate, des _vel is the derailment rate, θ _ASC is the derailment angle of incidence, θ _Des is the derailment angle of incidence, For the course angle of the lifting rail,/>Is the derailment course angle.

In step S2, the extracting the deformation fine feature, and analyzing the induction mechanism of the deformation includes:

Aiming at the coupling effect of sea level elevation and ground subsidence, the influence on the infrastructure is evaluated by utilizing the large-scale vertical deformation rate of the earth surface of the coastal zone and combining with precise topography data, the space static response analysis of the coastal zone on different sea level elevation scenes is carried out, the vertical deformation of the earth surface of the infrastructure is continuously monitored, and the deformation physical model of the response to global climate change is obtained.

In step S3, the establishing a database of land deformation and environmental parameters of the coastal zone infrastructure, and the establishing a system of deformation early warning and decision support of the coastal zone infrastructure comprises:

A model of a coastal zone infrastructure earth observation and evaluation system is constructed by adopting cloud computing and grid processing, and the coastal zone infrastructure health is evaluated in real time by carrying out near real-time monitoring on the vertical deformation of the coastal zone infrastructure, including early warning on typhoons and storm tide deformation damage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system, which implements a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method, the system comprising:

The multisource earth observation module is used for acquiring, observing and processing multisource remote sensing information and field data of a fusion satellite, the air, the ground, the coast and the underwater;

The InSAR data processing module is used for differential interferometry of multi-source SAR data, phase error source correction and InSAR time sequence analysis;

the coastal zone deformation monitoring module is used for evaluating coastal zone inundation response related to sea level change, and the sea level change comprises superposition effects of factors such as absolute sea level change and ground subsidence.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: aiming at the superposition influence of ground subsidence factors, the invention improves the accurate monitoring means of the important infrastructure of the coastal zone, constructs an early warning and evaluation system of the infrastructure for coping with sea level and climate change, and provides scientific basis for decision making of departments such as urban planning, coastal zone development, environmental protection, engineering construction and the like.

The invention solves the problem of how to realize accurate monitoring of the land deformation of the coastal zone infrastructure by combining the 'space-sky-earth' multisource earth observation technology. The multi-source earth observation data (such as GNSS, satellite-borne/foundation InSAR, UAV Lidar and the like) can be used for acquiring three-dimensional topography/landform, three-dimensional deformation, weather and other observation parameters, and the system evaluation on the structural health of coastal infrastructure is realized by combining mathematical/physical models of various geological structures, storm tide, coastal power, fault activities and the like by fusing the multi-source earth observation parameters.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method provided by an embodiment of the invention;

in the figure: 1. a multi-source earth observation module; 2. an InSAR data processing module; 3. and the coastal zone deformation monitoring module.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The coastal dykes and dams safety monitoring and early warning system and method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the innovation points that: the invention integrates the 'space-day-ground' multisource earth observation technology, realizes full-coverage high-precision monitoring of different time scales of the foundation facilities of the coastal zone region, and comprises fine detection from 'beach-seawall-underwater' full-range monitoring to 'seawall-crack-seepage', and response analysis of different time scales from 'long-term evolution-accumulation effect' to 'real-time dynamic-disaster early warning'. A multi-element database is built, and a response mechanism of the ground deformation of the infrastructure to the sea level change under the action of a long-time scale of climate change and a short-term event of storm surge is disclosed. In the aspect of risk assessment of adapting to climate change of coastal zone cities and major infrastructure, on the basis of two typical demonstration areas of certain delta and Greek Kalochori delta in China, a coastal zone area infrastructure ground deformation assessment and early warning system is developed based on technical complementation, and technical support is provided for coastal zone comprehensive management and construction.

Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method, which includes:

Ground deformation is a key element of safety and stability of coastal zone infrastructure, and is closely related to geological, climatic and hydrologic elements such as construction movement, sea level change, storm tide and the like. Therefore, the invention performs deformation monitoring and analysis of the coastal protection embankment, port, artificial island and other infrastructures, and develops a multi-parameter fusion monitoring and evaluation system.

As another implementation manner of the invention, the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Vertical deformation near real-time monitoring technology integration based on multisource earth observation:

① Infrastructure accurate census technology:

Based on multisource (such as Sentinel-1A/1B, gaofen-3, terraSAR-X, COSMO-SkyMed and ALOS-2) multispeed satellite-borne InSAR time sequence analysis technology, general investigation is carried out on infrastructure in a research area, an atmosphere numerical model (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and foundation observation data (such as GNSS) are synthesized, the influence of InSAR atmospheric vapor is weakened, and key deformation areas are identified and defined.

② Fine and continuous monitoring technology integration of key deformation areas:

Technologies such as GNSS, inSAR, UAV, geological radar, three-dimensional laser scanning are integrated, continuous monitoring of key deformation areas of infrastructures such as dams, harbors and artificial islands is achieved, and the like, wherein:

The technology for detecting the three-dimensional form of the dam body comprises the following steps: accurately mapping the three-dimensional form of the water part of the dam body based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology; accurately acquiring the underwater three-dimensional structures of structures such as dykes and dams by using a three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar technology; and establishing a dam three-dimensional morphological digital model with high precision and high resolution.

The dam structure detection technology comprises the following steps: potential hidden danger properties and positions of engineering structures are accurately ascertained based on geological radar detection of potential hidden danger such as cracks, leakage and the like of dams, harbors and artificial islands.

Monitoring the deformation of the surface of the dam body: repeated continuous monitoring is carried out by utilizing multi-source satellite-borne InSAR at multiple angles, and real-time monitoring is realized on the heavy-point deformation part by considering using GNSS; for its critical infrastructure, consider the use of ground based radar (GBSAR) to achieve near real-time high spatial-temporal resolution monitoring.

③ Coastal environment monitoring technology:

Integrating a depth finder, a shallow stratum profiler, a submarine observation station and a three-dimensional seabed dredging numerical model, and developing response monitoring of the stability of an infrastructure to marine environment change, wherein:

The foundation stability detection technology comprises the following steps: measuring the water depth topography around the infrastructure based on a depth finder, and ascertaining states of sea wall erosion hollowing, artificial island scouring and the like; and detecting stratum structures around the dam, the harbor and the artificial island by using a shallow stratum profiler, and judging the foundation stability by combining engineering geological drilling.

Marine power observation technique: the key sea area is provided with a submarine observation station system, geological radars and shallow profile lines, and the seabed base change response under the actions of earthquake, storm surge, wave, water level and the like is monitored.

Establishing a three-dimensional seabed dredging numerical model: and (3) carrying out numerical simulation and prediction on the erosion and deposition change of the sea bed in the sea area of the infrastructure environment under the influence of weather, sea level, ocean power and the like.

(2) Coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation fine characteristics and induction mechanism:

based on an integrated key deformation region accurate and continuous monitoring technology, the characterization of the fine characteristics of the ground deformation and the induced mechanical analysis are developed.

① Fine characteristics of land surface deformation:

And (3) performing general investigation on vertical deformation of different areas such as harbors, estuaries, wetlands, seawalls, artificial islands and the like of the yellow river delta and the Kalochori delta, selecting key deformation areas, and performing high-precision and continuous monitoring on vertical deformation, horizontal displacement, facility cracks and the like.

② Characteristics of underwater ground variation and response to marine environment:

By field investigation and combining with historical measurement data, the underwater ground change characteristics of the sea area around the infrastructure are researched, and the effects and the mutual influences of ground subsidence, sea level change, construction, earthquake, excavation in front of the dike, seabed erosion rate and the like of a key area (sea dike and artificial island) are analyzed.

② Analysis of coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation mechanism:

And (3) synthesizing a seabed base observation and a three-dimensional numerical model, carrying out ground deformation mechanism analysis, and researching the responses of vertical deformation, seawall hollowing, seabed erosion and the like of an infrastructure to sea level change, storm surge and water increase and strong waves, ground subsidence, construction movement, earthquake movement and the like.

(3) The coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation evaluation and early warning system comprises:

① Coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database:

basic geographic information databases (including administrative, road, high resolution DEM, water system, etc.), geological condition databases (including construction, earthquake, ground subsidence, etc.), infrastructure ground deformation databases (including engineering facility layout, vertical deformation, fine structure, etc.), marine environment databases (including storm surge, sea level change, wave, tide, stream, etc.) are established.

② Ground deformation evaluation system:

Based on the element databases, researching ocean power level, ground deformation level and infrastructure damage level division; extracting ground deformation evaluation parameters, establishing a ground deformation evaluation system, determining ground deformation grade standards and constructing the ground deformation evaluation system.

③ Early warning and decision support system:

Based on a multisource earth observation integration technology, an induction mechanism analysis of ground deformation and a ground deformation evaluation system, a network decision support system prototype is developed, the health of coastal zone infrastructure is evaluated in real time by carrying out near real-time monitoring on the vertical deformation of the coastal zone infrastructure, and especially, the deformation damage such as typhoons, storm surge and the like is early-warned, so that support is provided for coastal zone planning management and government emergency decisions.

Embodiment 2 as shown in fig. 1, the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention includes:

the multisource earth observation module 1 is used for acquiring, observing, processing and the like by fusing satellite, air, ground, coast and underwater multisource remote sensing information and field data;

The InSAR data processing module 2 is a core module for collecting and analyzing earth observation data and is used for multi-source SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction, inSAR time sequence analysis and the like;

The coastal zone deformation monitoring module 3 is used for coastal zone inundation response assessment and the like related to relative sea level change (superposition effect of absolute sea level change and ground subsidence and other factors).

Fig. 2 shows the principle of the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the embodiment of the invention.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-source earth observation module 1 includes:

(1) Surface deformation long-time monitoring based on InSAR technology: generating a high-precision high-resolution DEM of a research area by utilizing the TanDEM-X SAR data; extracting a coastal zone planar area deformation signal by using an InSAR time sequence analysis technology (InSAR TS+AEM) to generate products such as a ground surface deformation map and the like; and (3) auxiliary layout of artificial corner reflectors in low coherence areas such as a certain wetland, a farmland and the like, and development of deformation monitoring of the infrastructure are carried out, so that the annual average deformation rate is obtained.

(2) Real-time monitoring of multi-system GNSS: and a continuous operation reference station system (CORS) and a real-time dynamic mobile station (RTK) are arranged at key positions of a research area, and multi-system (GPS, BDS, GLONASS and the like), multi-frequency (single-frequency, double-frequency and the like) and multi-mode (single difference, double difference and the like) observations are developed for accurately acquiring three-dimensional point positions (BLH, XYZ), large-scale mapping, displacement amounts and deformation rates of key positions (such as a dam, a road, an oil well, a corner reflector and the like) and the like.

(3) Unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography: the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography is used for carrying the RTK module, so that high-efficiency and high-precision terrain measurement and image acquisition can be realized in a small area, and the precision can reach centimeter level.

(4) On-site remote sensing observation based on Ground Based SAR (GBSAR) system: the method has the characteristics of high space-time resolution, flexible station setting and the like, can acquire the deformation of any radar in the sight direction, and solves the defects of limited space-borne SAR data volume, long revisit period and insensitivity of monitoring the deformation in the north and south directions.

(5) Mud flat monitoring based on LiDAR: the delta beach is large in range, special in topography and difficult to monitor, the laser has the characteristics of flexible active detection operation time, accurate measurement of ground height and complete absorption by a water area, and can be applied to shoreline extraction, shoreline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping and beach ground subsidence analysis.

(6) Geological radar detection: the ultra-high frequency short pulse electromagnetic wave is utilized to detect cracks, seepage and other damage parts of structures such as dams, harbors, artificial islands and the like for positioning and distinguishing.

(7) The sensor for monitoring displacement and deformation is arranged at a key position for real-time monitoring, data can be continuously transmitted to the cloud platform in real time through the wireless communication technology of the Internet of things, and the data is loaded into a database after tool processing and conversion (cleaning, standardization, de-duplication, reconstruction and the like).

(8) Shallow formation profile detection: the method utilizes sound waves to detect the profile structure of shallow stratum around structures such as dykes, artificial islands and the like, and particularly changes of foundation and stratum structures under the natural actions of rough waves, earthquakes and the like.

(9) Three-dimensional real-time imaging sonar detection; the three-dimensional sonar detection technology increases the depth information of the image on the basis of the traditional side-scan sonar, and can accurately acquire the three-dimensional space morphological information such as erosion, suspension and the like of the root of the dyke; and full coverage measurement is carried out on underwater topography in a banner mode by combining multi-beam sounding.

(10) In-situ observation of the seabed: by using in-situ observation equipment such as a water level gauge, an acoustic Doppler flow profiler (ADCP), a wave dragon and the like, power elements around an infrastructure under the actions of storm tide, waves, water level and the like are synchronously observed, and the observation time is preferably arranged in winter and summer, wherein the observation period comprises a storm tide process.

In the embodiment of the invention, the three-dimensional seabed dredging numerical model and storm surge early warning comprise:

Based on an advanced delta landform evolution numerical model Delft3D, a delta three-dimensional high-precision water adding, wave, tide and flow coupling numerical model is established.

Model verification is carried out by using ground actual measurement data, and the response process and mechanism of the deformation process of facilities such as dams, harbors and the like to ocean power, especially storm surge, strong waves and the like are researched.

To improve the resolution of the sea area, the model uses a nested grid, and the resolution of the small grid is preferably less than 50m.

In an embodiment of the invention, coastal zone infrastructure static flooding vulnerability analysis:

correcting long-term coastal zone elevation (shown in the following formula) based on a precise digital elevation model, a sea level rising scene, ground movement rate and the like, evaluating coastal zone flooding static response under a relative sea level rising background, obtaining a flooding fragile risk prediction result and the like by utilizing a space analysis technology:

H_{Correction of}(Lat，Lon，t)

＝H_{Currently, the method is that}(Lat,Lon)-H_{Sea level height}(Lat,Lon,t)+H_{Vertical ground movement}(Lat,Lon,t)+Δ_{Error of}

Where H _{Correction of} (Lat, lon, t) represents a future time-of-day flooding prediction value, H _{Currently, the method is that} (Lat, lon) represents a current ground elevation, H _{Sea level height} (Lat, lon, t) represents a future time-of-day sea level elevation prediction value, H _{Vertical ground movement} (Lat, lon, t) represents a future time-of-day ground deformation prediction value, where in a future time-of-day ground deformation, the ground deformation rise prediction value is positive, the ground deformation fall prediction value is negative, and Δ _{Error of} represents a residual error.

In the embodiment of the invention, a network decision support system prototype:

A network processing system: the method comprises GIS database, machine learning, object-oriented image analysis, sample training, feature detection, change detection, data analysis and reporting.

Decision support system: and comprehensively utilizing auxiliary data such as environment, socioeconomic performance and the like to provide disaster reduction strategies and actions.

Visual browsing system: the method comprises interactive browsing of a classification map, a change detection map, a disaster map and a three-dimensional topographic map.

Example 3 in an example of the present invention, as another implementation manner of the present invention, a coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method provided in the example of the present invention includes:

(1) Firstly, determining basic characteristics of the city and industrial major infrastructure types, distribution, years and the like of respective coastal zones, including facilities such as traffic, environment, energy sources, communication and the like;

(2) Secondly, performing general investigation on each demonstration area infrastructure by adopting a multi-time-phase space-borne InSAR time sequence analysis technology, identifying key deformation areas, and further cooperatively integrating technologies such as a multi-system GNSS, a space-borne/foundation InSAR, a UAV, three-dimensional laser scanning and the like, and continuously monitoring the key areas;

(3) Establishing a high-resolution InSAR and high-frequency GNSS data automatic processing and analyzing system, comprehensively utilizing an atmospheric numerical model (such as high-resolution ECMWF) and foundation observation data (such as GNSS) and the like to weaken the atmospheric water vapor influence of the InSAR, refining a time sequence analysis algorithm on the basis of InSAR time sequence analysis software which is automatically developed in the early stage, and realizing the parallel, near real-time and automatic processing of large-scale and massive data;

(4) Accurately extracting surface deformation quantity by fusing multisource observation data such as InSAR and GNSS, respectively generating high-precision vertical deformation fields of respective demonstration areas, cooperatively constructing a sediment-structure interaction model, and revealing deformation activity rules of an infrastructure;

(5) Finally, by quantitatively identifying the ground subsidence of the demonstration area and the engineering local subsidence, the vertical deformation effect formed by the coupling of ground subsidence and sea level rising and the coastal zone safety are cooperatively evaluated, and the two parties jointly formulate disaster risk assessment and early warning evaluation standards to reduce the geological disaster influence related to climate change.

In the embodiment of the invention, the adopted technology comprises the following steps: (1) satellite remote sensing and ocean mapping technology: the unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing data processing system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photographing system 1 set, an unmanned aerial vehicle orthographic imaging system 1 set, a three-dimensional laser scanner 1 set, a geological radar 1 set, a high-performance satellite remote sensing data processing server and a plurality of workstations, main stream business, open source and autonomous development software such as ENVI, arcGIS, GAMMA, gamit/GLOBK, JPL ISCE, GMTSAR, inSAR TS+AEM and the like are installed and used skillfully, and GNSS data, optical and radar remote sensing data batch processing and unmanned aerial vehicle and three-dimensional laser scanning data processing under a Linux/Unix system can be developed.

(2) The ocean engineering safety guarantee technology comprises the following steps: the method integrates and develops the field detection and monitoring technology of the ocean engineering environment, establishes the submarine engineering safety evaluation mode, provides technical guarantee for the safe operation of coastal dams and oil extraction platforms and pipelines, creates economic value for the oil field exceeding 120 hundred million yuan in the beach shallow sea oil field engineering application, and obtains good social benefit.

(3) Geophysical prospecting techniques: a series of technologies such as marine geophysical information data acquisition, processing, interpretation and resource evaluation are utilized to analyze basic geological investigation in a sensitive sea area, so that the gap of high-precision high-resolution marine seismic data in the sea area is filled, and the economic benefit is created to be 1.3 hundred million yuan.

(4) Numerical operation technology: the numerical simulation research of the critical parameter design of the ocean engineering environment of the Qingdong artificial island, the mass transportation of the Bohai and the yellow sea in winter and the like of the Qingdong artificial island and the numerical simulation experience of ocean power change, seabed silt erosion and the like under the action of abundant extreme weather events are successfully developed by utilizing the advanced ocean numerical models of the FVCOM and the Delf3D, ROMS, SWAN.

In example 4, as shown in fig. 3, as another implementation manner, the method for monitoring and early warning of coastal dike safety provided in the embodiment of the present invention mainly aims to combine european "cobini sentinel series" and cooperative tasks (sentinel-1/2/3) with "high-score series" (GF-1/2/3) satellites, and develops a coastal zone infrastructure vertical deformation near real-time monitoring, early warning and decision support system by using various earth observation technologies (InSAR, GNSS, UAV, laser scanning, etc.), which specifically includes:

Step one, deformation monitoring technology based on multisource earth observation:

(1) And generating a research area base 6m DEM digital elevation model by utilizing the TanDEM satellite data and the InSAR technology.

(2) And (3) performing global census and periodic updating by utilizing an InSAR technology, selecting an important monitoring area, aiming at a coastal zone deformation long-time InSAR monitoring result, monitoring a distributed target and a permanent scattering target by utilizing an advanced InSAR time sequence analysis technology module, and converting deformation signals of linear and planar areas of an infrastructure in the coastal zone.

The latest Linux version GAMMA software is adopted to carry out SAR image interference processing, so that the whole process from single vision complex images (SLC) to digital elevation models, earth surface deformation graphs and other products of various SAR data (Sentinel-1, ALOS-1/2 PALSAR, ENVISAT ASAR, ERS-1/2 and the like) under the Python frame is realized, and the expansion of an SBAS InSAR time sequence analysis method under the Python frame is realized based on a developed InSAR TS+AEM time sequence analysis platform: and (3) performing image registration, resampling, strong coherence point (PS point and distributed target) selection, interferogram generation, interferogram filtering, interference baseline refinement, strong coherence point phase sequence analysis and the like on SAR data.

According to the space-time base line and the azimuth scanning synchronous proportion, selecting an interferogram sequence, and automatically identifying and correcting a phase unwrapping error by using a phase closed loop method; correcting the InSAR terrain-related atmospheric delays based on an atmospheric correction on-line service system (GACOS) that estimates zenith tropospheric delays using high resolution European mesoscale meteorological products (ECMWFs), GNSS tropospheric delay products and high accuracy DEM data; estimating and correcting an ionosphere phase screen (ALOS-1/2 PALSAR or Sentinel-1) of an interference pattern affected by an ionosphere by adopting a distance-to-frequency Spectrum (Split-Spectrum) method; the method comprises the steps of developing a coastal zone time sequence InSAR research with lower coherence by using a distributed object-oriented SBAS method, expressing the surface deformation time characteristics by using a predefined function dictionary (linear, polynomial, power function, exponential decay, seasonal, B-spline function and the like), and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameters by using a network track correction method.

wherein θ is the incident angle, For the satellite heading angle, the relationship between the vertical component and LOS (satellite line of sight) displacement is: d _U＝d_LOS/cosθ;d_LOS is LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is component of horizontal displacement in satellite navigation direction, d _E is east displacement, d _N is north displacement, and d _U is vertical displacement.

Forming simultaneous equations by referring to an SBAS algorithm, solving deformation time sequences, average linear velocity and residual terrain errors, and carrying out internal coincidence precision checking by utilizing multi-mode and multi-track InSAR data; inSAR time sequence analysis results and uncertainty are evaluated by combining with a measured area GPS or level observation data, the following type is utilized to fuse the lifting rail LOS directional velocity (Asc _vel,Des_vel) to obtain the deformation velocity of the vertical Z _vel and the horizontal H _vel, SAR information is projected to a GPS coordinate frame, whereinRepresenting the angle of incidence and the satellite heading angle, respectively:

(3) And carrying out coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping, beach ground subsidence and disaster analysis by utilizing airborne scanning technologies such as UAV Lidar or UAV Camera, and the like, and simultaneously carrying out full coverage measurement on underwater topography by matching with a multi-beam sounding system.

The UAV Lidar or UAV Camera is used for making a high-precision DEM of a key area, the marine beach area is large in range and special in topography, the unmanned operation is realized by using an airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology (LiDAR), the laser active detection operation time is flexible, the characteristics of accurately measuring the ground height and being completely absorbed by a water area are achieved, the method is applied to coastline extraction, coastline change monitoring, beach mapping, island mapping, beach ground settlement, disaster analysis and the like, and meanwhile, the multi-beam sounding system is matched for carrying out full coverage measurement on underwater topography in a banner mode.

(4) The method comprises the steps of performing on-site remote sensing observation of an infrastructure by using a Ground Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBSAR) system, and combining a real-time ground based radar processing system to realize interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction in near real time.

The foundation InSAR has the advantages in surface deformation monitoring due to the characteristics of high space-time resolution, flexible station setting and the like, can acquire deformation in any radar line-of-sight direction, and solves the defects of limited space-borne SAR data volume, long revisit period and insensitivity in north-south deformation monitoring. The real-time ground-based radar (RT-GSAR) processing system has been successfully developed, and the functions of interferogram generation, strong coherent point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation, deformation extraction and the like can be realized in near real time.

(6) Analyzing sea level changes by using the historical tide station and GNSS data;

(7) InSAR-based long-time high-precision general survey, airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology-based beach supplementary survey, and ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GBSAR), geological radar and unmanned aerial vehicle-based key area fine monitoring, and constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point; in addition, key parts of the coastal zone infrastructure are selected, and a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different time scales and action intensities of normal-event is constructed.

Step two, extracting fine deformation characteristics and inducing mechanisms:

And determining macroscopic deformation characteristics and key monitoring areas of the coastal zone infrastructure according to a multisource observation technology, further extracting deformation fine characteristics, and analyzing a deformation induction mechanism. The coupling effect of sea level rising and ground subsidence is considered, the influence on the infrastructure is evaluated by utilizing the large-range vertical deformation rate of the earth surface of the coastal zone and combining with precise terrain data, the space static response analysis of the coastal zone on different sea level rising scenes is carried out, and the driving force of the deformation of the coastal zone and the dynamic significance of the driving force are discussed. The vertical deformation of the earth surface of the Chinese yellow river delta and Greek Kalochori delta infrastructure is continuously monitored, and a deformation physical model of the response to global climate change is revealed.

Thirdly, an infrastructure deformation evaluation and decision support system:

The development of a ground deformation evaluation system (evaluation parameters, systems and grade standards) is developed by establishing a database of ground deformation and environmental parameters of the coastal zone infrastructure, and a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system is established. Based on research results and a basic platform of the Greek partner early-stage international cooperation project (INDES MUSA), a coastal zone foundation facility earth observation and evaluation system prototype is constructed by adopting cloud computing and grid processing, the coastal zone foundation facility vertical deformation is monitored in near real time, the coastal zone foundation facility health is evaluated in real time, and deformation damage such as typhoons, storm surge and the like is particularly early-warned, so that support is provided for coastal zone planning management and emergency decision.

As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention has various values in obstetric and research, and the achieved indexes are as follows:

Scientific indexes: the process and the mechanism of the vertical deformation of the coastal infrastructure of the delta area are further disclosed by determining the ground movement of the coastal zone (such as natural sedimentation, human activities, ground subsidence related to industrial development and the like), deeply understanding the relative sea level change and the submerged vulnerability of the coastal zone, and further deducing the response mechanism of the coastal zone infrastructure under the combined action of global sea level change and strong human activities.

The technical indexes are as follows: based on fusion, processing and information extraction of multi-source earth observation data such as SAR, optical remote sensing, GNSS, UAV and the like, a network decision support system prototype and software are developed together, and response of coastal zone area infrastructures to climate change and natural disasters can be early warned and evaluated, and reduction and adaptation can be achieved.

Industry index: the multi-source earth observation system of the coastal zone is commonly researched and developed, so that the system is applied and demonstrated in related government departments of the coastal zone, and value added service is provided in the tourism industry, the environmental protection industry and the financial insurance industry.

Scientific value: a multi-parameter evaluation standard application program is developed based on a cloud computing earth observation platform, and a soil-structure interaction model is provided for coastal zone infrastructure monitoring, time-space change quantitative evaluation and popularization and application of coastal zone areas.

Social benefit: by enhancing satellite data usage and earth observation applications, an operable downstream service is provided that meets environmental management and disaster prevention and reduction objectives.

Economic benefit: the method can provide technical support for ports and coastal engineering, industrial bases, oil fields, maritime departments, land planning departments, insurance companies, tourist companies and other departments of the research area.

Ecological benefit: the method can provide vulnerability analysis such as coastal zone inundation range for research areas, and support sustainable development and environmental protection such as wetland, greenfield, farmland, fresh water utilization, storm surge prevention and the like.

The invention relates to an instrument comprising:

(1) The field observation instrument includes: ha Wa unmanned aerial vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography system 1 set, unmanned aerial vehicle orthographic imaging system 1 set, three-dimensional laser scanner 1 set, geological radar 1 set, multi-beam sounding system 3 set, side sounding sonar 2 set, shallow stratum profile measuring instrument 3 set, high-precision GPS 8 set, satellite communication system 2 set and various substrate, columnar sample and other instrument equipment which can run for 50 minutes; (2) The indoor test instrument mainly comprises an ICP-MS system, a laser particle analyzer 2 sleeve, an X-ray fluorescence diffractometer, a magnetic susceptibility meter, a core gray scale, an image analyzer, various microscope systems and the like; (3) The submarine observation system comprises a land frame shallow sea observation system 6 set and a deep sea observation system 2 set.

Calculation capability: high performance computer polar. The CPU has 3132 cores in total, the peak value of the computing power is about 33.32 trillion times per second, 29 trillion times per second are measured, and the efficiency reaches 89.8%; the single node adopts two Intel Xeon 5650 CPU, each CPU 12 core and the main frequency is 2.6GHz; a high speed parallel file storage system with bare capacity 400T.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and in part, not described or illustrated in any particular embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.

The content of the information interaction and the execution process between the devices/units and the like is based on the same conception as the method embodiment of the present invention, and specific functions and technical effects brought by the content can be referred to in the method embodiment section, and will not be described herein.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-described division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical application, the above-described functional distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, i.e. the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-described functions. The functional units and modules in the embodiment may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit, where the integrated units may be implemented in a form of hardware or a form of a software functional unit. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention. For specific working processes of the units and modules in the system, reference may be made to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.

Based on the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, the following application examples may be further proposed.

According to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a computer apparatus including: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, which when executed by the processor performs the steps of any of the various method embodiments described above.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the respective method embodiments described above.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an information data processing terminal, which is used for providing a user input interface to implement the steps in the method embodiments when being implemented on an electronic device, and the information data processing terminal is not limited to a mobile phone, a computer and a switch.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a server, which is used for realizing the steps in the method embodiments when being executed on the electronic device and providing a user input interface.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product which, when run on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to perform the steps of the method embodiments described above.

The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the present application may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiments, and may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable medium may include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to a photographing device/terminal apparatus, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. Such as a U-disk, removable hard disk, magnetic or optical disk, etc.

To further demonstrate the positive effects of the above embodiments, the present invention was based on the above technical solutions to perform the following experiments.

The invention performs investigation, radar remote sensing (InSAR error analysis, inSAR time sequence analysis technology, polarized SAR ground object classification and the like), deformation monitoring, sea tide observation and simulation in coastal zone areas, and develops geological investigation and research work of a plurality of typical coastal zone areas.

In the aspect of theoretical research of satellite geodetics, the thought of multi-source external atmosphere water vapor data fusion is proposed and realized so as to weaken the influence of troposphere delay effect on satellite radar image interferometry (InSAR) observation values; an initial universal InSAR atmospheric correction online service system (GACOS, yu et al, 2017, 2018) is developed and released based on an iterative troposphere decomposition model, so that all-weather, all-day and global coverage atmospheric troposphere correction of the InSAR and other monitoring technologies is realized, and the InSAR deformation accuracy in a large range is improved from a few centimeters to a sub-centimeter level.

The invention discloses high-precision InSAR time sequence analysis software (InSAR TS+PWV and InSAR TS+AEM), which not only can be used for extracting a large-range (250 km multiplied by 100 km) deformation rate graph with the precision of 0.5 mm/year, but also can estimate the atmospheric delay quantity with the precision of about 5mm (can be used for the research of an atmospheric numerical model).

According to the invention, a large amount of site observation data (topography, landform, geology, hydrology and the like) and SAR remote sensing images are accumulated in coastal areas, and are supplemented by regularly developing the observations of the site GNSS, the tide level and the like, so that the method is used for supporting development and research of the coastal area infrastructure monitoring, the time sequence InSAR application and the evaluation system.

In the aspect of applying the satellite geodetic technique to monitoring the ground subsidence disasters induced by human activities, the ground subsidence space-time transition process related to the human activities (underground water, coal mine, petroleum and natural gas exploitation) in a plurality of areas is extracted by utilizing the archived data for a plurality of years, and the occurrence mechanism and the development trend of the subsidence disasters are determined by combining the geological conditions, for example:

In the early stage, the invention develops systematic research on aspects of geological disasters (plate movement, earthquake, volcanic, landslide, ground subsidence and the like), environmental changes (coastal zone erosion and the like), precise agriculture and the like through satellite geodetics and environmental remote sensing (GNSS/InSAR and the like), makes new development and breakthrough in theory and method, and develops a plurality of sets of software.

While the invention has been described with respect to what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method is characterized in that the method integrates an air-day-ground multisource earth observation technology, monitors different time space scales of an infrastructure in a coastal zone in a full-coverage mode, monitors seawall-crack-seepage fine detection from a beach-seawall-underwater full range, and analyzes response from long-term evolution-accumulation effect to real-time dynamic-disaster early warning time scales; based on the acquired full coverage monitoring information of different time-space scales of the infrastructures in the coastal zone, a multi-element database is built, and response data of ground deformation of the infrastructures to sea level change under the action of long time scales of climate change and short-term events of storm tide are acquired; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s3, establishing a coastal zone infrastructure ground deformation and environmental parameter database, and establishing a coastal zone infrastructure deformation early warning and decision support system;

In step S1, the deformation monitoring technique based on multi-source earth observation includes:

(7) InSAR-based long-time high-precision general survey and airborne three-dimensional laser scanning technology-based beach supplementary survey; the method comprises the steps of constructing a full-coverage observation system from surface to point based on ground-based synthetic aperture radar, geological radar and important area fine monitoring of an unmanned aerial vehicle; selecting a coastal zone infrastructure part, and constructing a marine power and underwater seabed change monitoring system with different normal-event time scales and action intensities;

aiming at the coupling effect of sea level elevation and ground subsidence, the influence on the infrastructure is evaluated by utilizing the large-scale vertical deformation rate of the earth surface of the coastal zone and combining with precise topography data, the space static response analysis of the coastal zone on different sea level elevation scenes is carried out, the vertical deformation of the earth surface of the infrastructure is continuously monitored, and a deformation physical model of the response to global climate change is obtained;

2. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the global census and periodic updating using InSAR technology comprises:

and (3) adopting GAMMA software to perform SAR image interference processing to realize the whole process from single vision complex images to digital elevation models and surface deformation of SAR data under the Python frame.

3. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the monitoring the distributed targets and the permanently scattered targets by using the InSAR timing analysis technology module comprises:

4. The coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the converted deformation signal of the linear and planar area of the coastal zone area infrastructure comprises:

according to the space-time base line and the azimuth scanning synchronous proportion, selecting an interferogram sequence, and automatically identifying and correcting a phase unwrapping error by using a phase closed loop method; and correcting the atmospheric delay of the InSAR terrain based on the atmospheric correction online service system.

5. The coast dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the combined RT-GSAR real-time ground-based radar processing system, the near real-time implementation of interferogram generation, strong coherence point detection, phase 2D/3D unwrapping, atmospheric error estimation and deformation extraction comprises:

6. The coastal dyke safety monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining the coastal zone time sequence InSAR with lower coherence by using the distributed object-oriented SBAS method, expressing the surface deformation time characteristic by using a predefined function dictionary, and iteratively estimating the deformation rate and the track slope parameters by using a network track correction method comprises:

Where θ is the incident angle, For the satellite course angle, the relationship between the vertical component and the LOS directional displacement is: d _U＝d_LOS/cosθ;d_LOS is LOS direction displacement, d _AZO is a component of horizontal displacement in satellite navigation direction, d _E is east displacement, d _N is north displacement, and d _U is vertical displacement;

7. A coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that the system implements the coastal dike safety monitoring and early warning method according to any one of claims 1-6, the system comprises:

the multisource earth observation module (1) is used for acquiring, observing and processing the multisource remote sensing information and the field data of a fusion satellite, the air, the ground, the coast and the underwater;

the InSAR data processing module (2) is used for multisource SAR data differential interferometry, phase error source correction and InSAR time sequence analysis;

And the coastal zone deformation monitoring module (3) is used for evaluating coastal zone inundation response related to sea level changes, wherein the sea level changes comprise superposition effects of absolute sea level changes and ground subsidence factors.