CN117514002A - Drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation precision - Google Patents
Drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN117514002A CN117514002A CN202311722680.3A CN202311722680A CN117514002A CN 117514002 A CN117514002 A CN 117514002A CN 202311722680 A CN202311722680 A CN 202311722680A CN 117514002 A CN117514002 A CN 117514002A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 274
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010454 slate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/02—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being insertable into, or removable from, the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling track control method for improving the high and steep stratum investigation precision. Firstly adopting a diamond single-tube drilling mode, then extending into a sleeve to protect a wall when drilling bedrock, then adopting a second rope core drilling tool to drill to a final position, namely adopting a sectional drilling process, and changing the diameter of the rope core drilling tool in the drilling process, thereby avoiding the conditions of hole wall deformation, block falling and the like caused by frequent tripping of a drill stem in a shallow stratum; optimizing the drilling angle by adopting basic information and target depth; and simultaneously, the drilling hole inclination change is controlled by adopting a full-hole rope coring drilling tool assembly. The drilling track is controlled by controlling the change of the drilling angle, the method for adjusting the drilling angle of the drilling hole and the technology of adopting the anti-oblique drilling tool, so that the drilling to the target stratum is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation accuracy.
Background
In mineral exploration, the extending condition of a mineral body is controlled by core drilling, and along with the progress of exploration to the deep part, the deviation caused by the deviation of the track of a drilling hole is more obvious, so that the position and design position errors of the mineral body actually controlled by the drilling hole are increased, and the accuracy and efficiency of mineral resource exploration are affected.
At present, in rope coring drilling, primary directional drilling is mainly adopted to adjust a drilling track so as to ensure that an actual drilling track can pass near a designed ore body target point to obtain an ore body core, thereby achieving the purpose of mineral resource investigation; however, the existing primary directional drilling technology can accurately control the ore vein, but has no good effect on preventing and controlling the inclination of a drilling hole, is unfavorable for deep hole lower half construction, has large integral bending degree of a drill rod, is large in friction resistance during high-speed rotation, causes serious abrasion, is easy to cause drilling tool accidents in the hole, influences the difficulty in lowering a coring inner pipe and a fisher, and is unfavorable for rope coring operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation precision, and aims to solve the problem that the conventional primary directional drilling technology has no good effect on preventing and controlling drilling hole inclination.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation accuracy comprises the following steps:
marking the ore vein to be drilled as a target ore vein, and acquiring basic information of the target ore vein, wherein the basic information comprises the ore vein trend, the ore vein dip angle, the ore vein material and the stratum trend at the drilling position;
determining a target depth to be drilled;
determining a drilling design azimuth, a drilling inclination angle, a drilling depth and an intersection point estimated depth based on the basic information and the target depth, wherein the intersection point estimated depth is the estimated depth at which a drilling point meets a ore body of a target vein;
drilling the surface layer coating layer by adopting a diamond single pipe, and extending a sleeve into the drilling hole to protect the wall when the drilling hole reaches bedrock;
when the first rope core drilling tool drills to the complete bedrock, the sleeve pipe stretches into the drilling hole to protect the wall, and then the drilling tool drills to the final position by adopting a second rope core drilling tool, wherein the diameter of the second rope core drilling tool is smaller than that of the first rope core drilling tool.
Preferably, the surface layer is formed by drilling with a diamond single tube, and when drilling into bedrock, the surface layer is inserted into the casing pipe to protect the wall, and the method further comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the drilling inclination angle of the drilling according to the formation hole inclination change rate of the area where the target vein is located.
Preferably, the calculation formula for adjusting the drilling inclination angle of the drilling hole according to the formation hole inclination change rate of the area where the target vein is located is as follows:
wherein J is K The inclination angle is the inclination angle adjustment value of the drilling hole; l (L) D The unit is the formation hole inclination change rate of the formation hole inclination change rate per 100m; s is S D The target depth is given in m.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
the second rope core drilling tool adopts a full-hole drilling tool, and the inclination angle of the drilling hole is adjusted;
during drilling, the number of stabilizers on the drill pipe is reduced, and the mounting positions of the stabilizers on the drill pipe are adjusted.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
adjusting a drilling tool combination mode, wherein the drilling tool combination mode comprises a first combination mode and a second combination mode, and the first combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an upper reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 3m length and 71mm diameter + a stabilizer of 76.5mm + a coring drill of 71mm diameter + a driving drill; the second combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an over reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of length 6m and diameter 71mm + a stabilizer of 76.5mm 1 + a coring drill of diameter 71mm + a driving drill.
Preferably, the determining the drilling design azimuth, the drilling inclination angle, the drilling depth and the estimated depth of the intersection point based on the basic information and the target depth further comprises:
drilling a first preset distance by adopting a single-tube coring drilling tool to establish an orifice;
replacing a bottom coring bit of the single-tube coring drilling tool with a sleeve boot, extending into the bottom of a drill hole to serve as a sleeve, and fixing an orifice by adopting slips;
a first rope coring drilling tool is arranged in the casing pipe to realize coring drilling, and after the coring is finished, a pipe shoe is used for reaming through the casing pipe;
after entering bedrock by casing and pipe drilling for a second preset distance, fixing the casing pipe at the orifice so as to finish the construction of the first-stage hole section, and then drilling by adopting a second rope core drilling tool.
Preferably, the determining the drilling design azimuth, the drilling inclination angle, the drilling depth and the estimated depth of the intersection point based on the basic information and the target depth further comprises:
the three-stage drilling mode is adopted, wherein the first-stage drilling adopts a pipe-following drilling process, the second-stage drilling adopts a rope coring process, the third-stage drilling adopts a full-hole drilling combination mode, and the installation positions of the drill rod stabilizers are tested in different hole sections.
Preferably, the first rope core drilling tool is put into the casing to realize core drilling, after core drilling is completed, a pipe shoe is used for reaming through the casing, and the method comprises the following steps:
the first rope core drill is used for drilling by adopting a low-pressure hanging and beating process.
Preferably, the full bore section is drilled using a second string coring tool using a full bore drill assembly.
Preferably, the span is set to a third predetermined distance when the first drill assembly is used.
Through the technical scheme, the following beneficial effects can be realized:
according to the drilling track control method for improving the high and steep stratum investigation accuracy, firstly, a diamond single-tube drilling mode is adopted, then, when bedrock is drilled, the drilling track control method stretches into a sleeve to protect a wall, then, a second rope core drilling tool is adopted to drill to a final position, namely, a sectionally-time drilling process is adopted, and the diameter of the rope core drilling tool is replaced in the drilling process, so that the conditions of wall deformation, block falling and the like caused by frequent tripping of a drill stem in a shallow stratum are avoided; and the drilling design azimuth, the drilling inclination angle and the drilling depth are determined through the basic information and the target depth, so that better drilling inclination prevention and control effects can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a drilling trajectory control method for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation accuracy.
As shown in fig. 1, in a first embodiment of a drilling trajectory control method for improving high steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
step S110: the vein to be drilled is marked as a target vein, and basic information of the target vein is acquired, wherein the basic information comprises the vein trend (for example, to north west, to north east), the vein dip angle (for example, 60-80 degrees, specifically 75 degrees), the vein material (mainly composed of broken and altered slate and Dan Yingmai), and the stratum trend at the drilling site (305 degrees in the embodiment).
Specifically, the vein material is used for expressing the rock characteristics of the stratum where the target vein is located, and mainly comprises gray-dark gray banded slate, banded silty slate, metamorphic sandstone (quartz sandstone), tuff quartz sandstone and the like; the fourth series of loose cover layers on the surface layer are thinner and are mainly spread in a strip shape along the big gullies in the north east and the near north south.
For example: the wrinkles in the target vein area are mainly small wrinkles, the fracture structure is relatively developed, and the fracture zone mainly comprises structural breccia, fracture rock, broom and marmite slate and quartz veins, wherein the structural breccia and the fracture rock are internally and locally visible in pyrite.
Specifically, formation action is a major factor in the inclination of the borehole, referred to as formation inclination force. Because the stratum inclination angle is high and steep, the joint is developed, the alternation of soft and hard is frequent, the stratum deflecting force is large, and the phenomenon of upward drift of the hole inclination of the drilled hole is common.
Step S120: a target depth (e.g., 160-800 m) to be drilled is determined.
Step S130: determining a drilling design azimuth (e.g., 215 °), a drilling inclination angle (e.g., 75 °), a drilling depth (e.g., 800 m), and an intersection predicted depth (e.g., 720m-725 m) based on the basic information and the target depth, wherein the intersection predicted depth is a predicted depth at which the drilling point meets a ore body of the target vein.
Step S140: and drilling the surface layer coating layer by adopting a diamond single tube, and extending a sleeve into the drilling hole to protect the wall when the drilling hole reaches the bedrock.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a diamond single tube with a diameter of 122mm is used for drilling, and the diameter of the casing tube extending into the drilled hole is 114mm.
Step S150: when the first rope core drilling tool drills to the complete bedrock, the sleeve pipe stretches into the drilling hole to protect the wall, and then the drilling tool drills to the final position by adopting a second rope core drilling tool, wherein the diameter of the second rope core drilling tool is smaller than that of the first rope core drilling tool.
Specifically, for example: the diameter of the first rope core drilling tool is 96mm; the diameter of the second string core drill is 76mm.
According to the drilling track control method for improving the high and steep stratum investigation accuracy, firstly, a diamond single-tube drilling mode is adopted, then, when bedrock is drilled, the drilling track control method stretches into a sleeve to protect a wall, then, a second rope core drilling tool is adopted to drill to a final position, namely, a sectionally-time drilling process is adopted, and the diameter of the rope core drilling tool is replaced in the drilling process, so that the conditions of wall deformation, block falling and the like caused by frequent tripping of a drill stem in a shallow stratum are avoided; and the drilling design azimuth, the drilling inclination angle and the drilling depth are determined through the basic information and the target depth, so that better drilling inclination prevention and control effects can be achieved.
In addition, the hole section of the second rope core drilling tool adopts a full-hole drilling tool combination, so that the descending and tilting force of the drilling tool can be improved, the hole tilt increasing rate is reduced, and the excessive increase of the full Kong Kongxie is avoided; the multi-stage core string and pipe drilling process is adopted, so that the relative sliding between a loose layer and a bedrock surface is overcome.
Meanwhile, the prior common measures for preventing the bending of the drilling holes in the rope coring drilling are that a small-diameter hole bottom power drilling tool and a rope coring process are adopted in the more advanced process, so that the hole inclination control can be better realized, but the cost is high, the working procedures are complex, and the large-area popularization is not realized; most technical specifications indicate that the full-hole drilling tool assembly can be used for preventing drilling bending, but the structural key points of the full-hole drilling tool assembly and the anti-tilting effect of the full-hole drilling tool assembly are not guided; in some technologies, the stabilizer is designed, installed and configured more, the number of stabilizers reaches 5, and the hole drilling tool assembly is too complex, which is unfavorable for normal drilling construction.
Specifically, according to drilling construction experience of similar stratum dip angles of a working area, the average hole dip increase rate is about 2.5 degrees per hundred meters when a conventional rope core drilling tool is adopted. Calculating the drilling track: the slant of the open hole is 15 degrees (the slant of the drill hole is 75 degrees), a track change diagram is drawn by adopting the size drive of SolidWorks so as to calculate the control degree of the ore vein under different stratum slope, and the concrete calculation result is shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows the effect of different formation slope on mineral exploration.
TABLE 1
The radius of curvature of the track is 2292m according to the aperture slope increasing rate of 2.5 degrees/100 m, and the calculation in table 1 shows that the mineral vein is drilled in advance at the aperture depth of 597.58m (the mineral body is encountered at the depth of 725m in the design process), the length of the mineral vein is controlled to be shortened by 154.92m, and the mineral resource exploration quality and precision are seriously affected. Even if the hole inclination is controlled at 0.5 DEG/100 m, the controlled vein is reduced by 41.46m. The mineral points of the drilling track float upwards under the influence of the stratum slope, so that the length of the control mineral vein is shortened, and the high-precision and high-quality mineral exploration is not facilitated.
In a second embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, step S130, further includes the following steps:
step S210: and adjusting the drilling inclination angle of the drilling hole according to the formation hole inclination change rate (for example, 2.5 degrees/100 m) of the area where the target vein is located.
In a third embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high and steep formation investigation accuracy according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, the calculation formula in step S210 is as follows:
wherein J is K The unit is the inclination angle adjustment value of the drilling hole; l (L) D The unit is the formation hole inclination change rate of the formation hole inclination change rate per 100m; s is S D The target depth is given in m.
Specifically, the embodiment provides a formula for calculating the inclination angle adjustment value of the drilling, specifically, the formation hole inclination change rate is multiplied by the target depth and then divided by two; for example, in this embodiment, the formation pore slope change rate is: 2.5 °/100, the target depth is 725m, the corresponding borehole inclination angle adjustment value is 9.06 °, the final hole inclination angle is the initial borehole inclination angle + borehole inclination angle adjustment value, i.e., 75 ° +9.06 ° = 84.06 °, and the hole inclination is 5.94 °. The accuracy of the middle target of the final hole can be improved by adjusting the hole opening angle in a small amplitude.
According to the analysis, when the conventional rope core drilling tool is adopted, the angle change of the whole hole is large, so that normal construction is not facilitated; even if the change rate of the hole inclination is controlled in a small range, the displacement deviation of the hole bottom is larger, and the investigation precision and quality are affected; meanwhile, the geological structure of the working area develops, the uncertainty of the formation shape of the deep hole stratum is large, and the control difficulty of the drilling track is increased.
The shallow stratum is usually drilled by adopting a single pipe core drilling mode, because of the broken stone accumulation structure in the loose stratum, certain inclination angles exist in both drilling holes, stress action of broken stone around the hole wall is frequently caused by descending the holes and the broken stone is generated, certain deformation exists in the hole wall, the broken stone is accumulated at the lower edge of the hole bottom, the wall of the surface layer sleeve is thin and light in weight, the influences of the deformation of the hole wall and the broken stone at the hole bottom are not overcome, certain deflection is generated at the junction of the broken stone layer and the bedrock, and further the Kong Duankong sections of the lower part are caused to change.
The drilling holes are arranged at the edge of a gully, the thickness of a loose layer is about 8m, when the first hole is constructed, a sleeve with the diameter of 114mm is put into the surface layer, the depth of the sleeve is 8m, then a drilling tool with the diameter of 96mm is changed to drill a section of hole depth, and then multipoint inclinometry is carried out, so that the hole inclination is found to be suddenly changed at the junction of the loose covering layer and the underlying bedrock surface, the quality of the lower hole section is increased by 2.51 degrees, and the quality of the lower hole section exceeds the standard.
In a fourth embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:
step S410: and (3) adopting a full-hole drilling tool for the second rope coring drilling tool, and adjusting the inclination angle of the drilling hole.
Specifically, the inclination angle of the drilling hole is adjusted to 80 degrees from 75 degrees;
step S420: in order to prevent the centralizer from greatly influencing the circulating pressure of drilling fluid and the friction resistance of a tubular column, ensuring smooth construction of deep hole sections, reducing the number of stabilizers (particularly from 3 stabilizers to 1) on a drill rod in the drilling process, and adjusting the mounting position of the stabilizers on the drill rod.
In a fifth embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the fourth embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:
step S510: adjusting a drilling tool combination mode, wherein the drilling tool combination mode comprises a first combination mode and a second combination mode, and the first combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an upper reamer of 76.5mm diameter (i.e. a bullet chamber) +a rope coring drill of 3m length and 71mm diameter (number 1) +a stabilizer of 76.5mm diameter + a coring drill of 71mm diameter + an active drill; the second combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an over reamer of 76.5mm diameter (i.e. a bullet chamber) +a rope coring drill of length 6m and diameter 71mm (number 2) +a stabilizer of 76.5mm diameter 1 + a coring drill of diameter 71mm + a driving drill.
Specifically, the conventional rope coring hole bottom hole assembly is: coring bit + under reamer + outer tube of coring tool + upper reamer (spring clamping chamber) +rope coring drill rod. Because the rope coring pipe column has the structural characteristics of small outer diameter, thin pipe wall, large overall flexibility and the like, the control capability of the rope coring pipe column on hole inclination is lower than that of a petroleum large-caliber thick-wall drilling tool system. The core drilling specification also only indicates that the full-eye combination is used for preventing hole inclination, but no guidance is made on the installation position and the number of the stabilizers, so the invention adopts a first combination mode and a second combination mode.
A full bore drill assembly is used in the bore section of the second string core drill and the drill inclination angle is adjusted from the designed 75 ° to 80 °. In order to prevent the centralizer from greatly influencing the circulating pressure of drilling fluid and the friction resistance of a tubular column, the construction of a deep hole section is ensured to be smooth, the number of stabilizers on a drill rod is reduced from 3 to 1, and the mounting positions of the stabilizers are tested.
In a sixth embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, step S130 further includes the following steps:
step S610: a single tube coring tool is used to drill a first predetermined distance (e.g., 0-15m, specifically 15 m) to create an orifice.
Step S620: the bottom coring bit of the single tube coring tool was replaced with a casing shoe and then extended into the bottom of the borehole to act as a casing (114 mm diameter) and secured in place at the port using slips.
Step S630: a first rope coring tool (95 mm diameter) was run into the inside of the casing to effect coring, and after coring was completed, a shoe was used through the casing (114 mm diameter) to ream.
Specifically, when the heel tube is drilled to the bottom of the coring hole, the heel tube is reamed in time according to the stratum condition until the complex stratum is traversed.
Step S640: after drilling into bedrock by a second preset distance (for example, 1 m) through a casing pipe (with the diameter of 114 mm), fixing the casing pipe at the orifice so as to finish the construction of the first-stage hole section, and then adopting a second rope core drilling tool (with the diameter of 75 mm) for drilling.
Specifically, by replacing rope core drilling tools with different diameters, the complex conditions of hole wall deformation, block falling and the like caused by frequent tripping of the drill string in shallow stratum are avoided.
Specifically, the design value of the inclination angle of the drilling hole is 75 degrees, the actual inclination angle of the drilling hole is 80 degrees, the inclination angle of the first hole in actual operation exceeds standard, the floating is serious, the inclination increasing rate of the hole reaches 9.25 degrees/100 m, then the drilling hole is moved backwards for 1m along the construction direction to re-open the hole, and the drilling hole is drilled to 832.5m of final hole.
The quality of the drilled hole body is shown in table 2, and the comparison of the drilling tool combination and the process adopted by different hole sections can be known; table 2 is a table of borehole quality.
Table 2.
In a seventh embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the first embodiment, step S130 further includes the following steps:
step S710: the three-stage drilling mode is adopted, wherein the first-stage drilling adopts a pipe-following drilling process, the second-stage drilling adopts a rope coring process, and the third-stage drilling adopts a full-hole drilling combined mode.
Specifically, a three-stage drilling process is adopted, and the installation positions of the drill rod stabilizers are tested in different hole sections.
In an eighth embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high steep formation survey accuracy according to the present invention, based on the sixth embodiment, step S630 includes the steps of:
step S810: the first rope core drill is used for drilling by adopting a low-pressure hanging and beating process.
In a ninth embodiment of the drilling trajectory control method for improving the high and steep formation survey accuracy provided by the invention, a full hole section is formed by using a full hole drilling tool combination during drilling by using a second rope core drilling tool based on the first flow embodiment.
In a tenth embodiment of a drilling trajectory control method for improving accuracy of high and steep formation survey according to the present invention, based on the fifth embodiment, when the first drilling assembly mode is adopted, the span is set to a third preset distance (for example, 3 m).
Specifically, the casing drilling technology can well overcome the influence of a loose layer on the casing, and the change of the hole inclination is stable; the drilling of the rope core drilling (a first rope core drilling tool) with the diameter of 95mm adopts a conventional drilling tool combination, and a low-pressure hanging and beating process is adopted during drilling, but the drilling hole inclination change is 2.41 degrees/100 m under the influence of the formation inclined force, and is similar to other drilling conditions of the working area; when the rope core drilling tool (second rope core drilling tool) with the diameter of 75mm is used for drilling, a full-hole drilling tool combination is adopted in a full-hole section, the average hole inclination increasing rate of the hole section is 1.12 degrees/100 m, the inclination preventing effect is greatly improved compared with that of a conventional drilling tool combination, but the circulating pump pressure and the drilling machine load are increased to a certain extent; the installation position of the stabilizer on the drill rod is subjected to experimental comparison, the anti-tilting effect is good when the span is 3m (the first combination mode), the tilting phenomenon occurs when the span is changed from 6m to 3m, the drilling tool is proved to increase tilting force, the flexibility of the rope coring drill rod with the diameter of 75mm is large through on-site analysis, the buckling effect is generated when the span is 6m, and the anti-tilting effect is reduced.
By calculating the drilling track, the depth of the hole is shallower than 560m, the real drilling track is below the design track due to the increased inclination angle of the hole, the real drilling track collides with the 560m along with the increase of the inclination angle of the hole, and then the real drilling track is positioned on the upper side of the design track, and the mining point position is 19.46m above the design target point.
After the full-bore drilling tool and the primary orientation technology are adopted, the full Kong Kongxie increment is 11.34 degrees, which is greatly reduced compared with 19.83 degrees calculated to be increased by adopting the primary orientation only, thereby being beneficial to reducing the friction resistance of the drilling tool and the load of the drilling machine; the average hole inclination increasing rate of the whole holes is 1.4 degrees/100 m, which is smaller than 3 degrees/100 m required by the specification, and the hole body change meets the specification; the target center distance is 19.46m, the accuracy of controlling the ore body is higher, and the accuracy of mineral resource exploration is improved.
It can be seen that (1) for deep stratum, the combination process of primary orientation technology and full-bore drilling tool is adopted, so that the drilling flexibility can be prevented from being too large while the middle target is ensured; (2) The full-hole drilling tool assembly can improve the rigidity of the hole bottom drilling tool, has a good declination effect, but has small annular space of the rope coring drilling hole, and the installation quantity of the stabilizer is reasonably controlled to avoid overlarge torque of a circulating pump and a drilling machine; (3) According to the drilling situation, the anti-tilting effect of the stabilizer of the second rope core drilling tool is better than that of the span 6m when the installation span of the stabilizer is 3m, and the fact that the tubular column in the middle of the stabilizer has buckling and the rigidity is reduced when the span is 6m is shown. It follows that the anti-tilt effect of the stabilizer will be lost as the span continues to increase; (4) The installation span of the stabilizer is not too large, the optimal span needs to be subjected to deep analysis by adopting pipe column mechanics, and the experiment shows that the anti-tilting effect of the span of 3m is good; (5) For a shallow loose layer, a casing drilling process of a core drilling tool is preferably adopted, so that the deformation and the chipping of a hole wall caused by frequent tripping of the loose layer are avoided.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the above-described embodiment method may be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, but of course may also be implemented by means of hardware, but in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and including several instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A drilling track control method for improving high and steep stratum investigation accuracy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
marking the ore vein to be drilled as a target ore vein, and acquiring basic information of the target ore vein, wherein the basic information comprises the ore vein trend, the ore vein dip angle, the ore vein material and the stratum trend at the drilling position;
determining a target depth to be drilled;
determining a drilling design azimuth, a drilling inclination angle, a drilling depth and an intersection point estimated depth based on the basic information and the target depth, wherein the intersection point estimated depth is the estimated depth at which a drilling point meets a ore body of a target vein;
drilling the surface layer coating layer by adopting a diamond single pipe, and extending a sleeve into the drilling hole to protect the wall when the drilling hole reaches bedrock;
when the first rope core drilling tool drills to the complete bedrock, the sleeve pipe stretches into the drilling hole to protect the wall, and then the drilling tool drills to the final position by adopting a second rope core drilling tool, wherein the diameter of the second rope core drilling tool is smaller than that of the first rope core drilling tool.
2. The method for controlling drilling trajectory for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy according to claim 1, wherein the covering layer on the surface layer is formed by diamond single tube drilling, and when drilling into bedrock, the casing pipe is inserted into the drilling hole for wall protection, further comprising:
and adjusting the drilling inclination angle of the drilling according to the formation hole inclination change rate of the area where the target vein is located.
3. The drilling track control method for improving the high and steep stratum investigation accuracy according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula for adjusting the drilling inclination angle of the drilling according to the stratum hole inclination change rate of the area where the target vein is located is as follows:
wherein J is K The inclination angle is the inclination angle adjustment value of the drilling hole; l (L) D The unit is the formation hole inclination change rate of the formation hole inclination change rate per 100m; s is S D The target depth is given in m.
4. The borehole trajectory control method for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy of claim 1, further comprising:
the second rope core drilling tool adopts a full-hole drilling tool, and the inclination angle of the drilling hole is adjusted;
during drilling, the number of stabilizers on the drill pipe is reduced, and the mounting positions of the stabilizers on the drill pipe are adjusted.
5. The borehole trajectory control method for improving high and steep formation survey accuracy of claim 4, further comprising:
adjusting a drilling tool combination mode, wherein the drilling tool combination mode comprises a first combination mode and a second combination mode, and the first combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an upper reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 3m length and 71mm diameter + a stabilizer of 76.5mm + a coring drill of 71mm diameter + a driving drill; the second combination mode is as follows: a coring bit of 76mm diameter + a under reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of 75mm diameter + an over reamer of 76.5mm diameter + a rope coring drill of length 6m and diameter 71mm + a stabilizer of 76.5mm 1 + a coring drill of diameter 71mm + a driving drill.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the borehole design orientation, the borehole inclination, the borehole depth, and the intersection predicted depth based on the base information and the target depth, further comprises:
drilling a first preset distance by adopting a single-tube coring drilling tool to establish an orifice;
replacing a bottom coring bit of the single-tube coring drilling tool with a sleeve boot, extending into the bottom of a drill hole to serve as a sleeve, and fixing an orifice by adopting slips;
a first rope coring drilling tool is arranged in the casing pipe to realize coring drilling, and after the coring is finished, a pipe shoe is used for reaming through the casing pipe;
after entering bedrock by casing and pipe drilling for a second preset distance, fixing the casing pipe at the orifice so as to finish the construction of the first-stage hole section, and then drilling by adopting a second rope core drilling tool.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the borehole design orientation, the borehole inclination, the borehole depth, and the intersection predicted depth based on the base information and the target depth, further comprises:
the three-stage drilling mode is adopted, wherein the first-stage drilling adopts a pipe-following drilling process, the second-stage drilling adopts a rope coring process, the third-stage drilling adopts a full-hole drilling combination mode, and the installation positions of the drill rod stabilizers are tested in different hole sections.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of lowering the first rope coring tool into the casing to perform coring drilling, and using the shoe for reaming through the casing after the coring is completed, comprises:
the first rope core drill is used for drilling by adopting a low-pressure hanging and beating process.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the full hole section is formed using a full hole drilling assembly when drilling using the second rope core drill.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the span is set to a third predetermined distance when the first tool assembly is used.
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