CN117512238A - Method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium vanadium Chemical compound [Ti].[V] GFNGCDBZVSLSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 130
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 compounds titanium carbide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for smelting vanadium titanium ore in a blast furnace, which is characterized in that under the condition that the blast furnace uses low-thermal-state strength coke fuel, the upper and lower operation systems are optimized, so that the blast furnace achieves an upper stable and lower active working state, the reduction of titanium is inhibited by oxygen enrichment, the combustion performance of coal dust and slag fluidity can be effectively improved by oxygen enrichment through the operation policy of lower oxygen enrichment adjustment and coal injection, the theoretical combustion temperature before an air port is improved, the smelting strength is improved, and the residence time of titanium in the furnace is reduced. Meanwhile, the increase of the oxygen enrichment rate is beneficial to increasing the oxidation atmosphere in the furnace and inhibiting TiO 2 Reducing into pig iron. Meanwhile, the top pressure is properly increased, and after the top pressure is increased, the partial pressure of CO is correspondingly increased, so that the generation of SiO is inhibited, and the generation amount of silicon is reduced. In addition, after the pressure of the furnace item is increased, the lower part of the heat of the blast furnace is beneficial to centralizing and reflowThe positions of the belt and the dripping belt are relatively reduced, so that thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for silicon generation are weakened, and the smelting of low silicon is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by a blast furnace, belonging to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background
Vanadium titano-magnetite is a symbiotic composite ore of multiple valuable elements such as iron, vanadium, titanium and the like, and is also an important vanadium and titanium resource. Vanadium titano-magnetite is one of the world recognized refractory ore species, the comprehensive utilization difficulty is high, a series of adverse effects are generated on the in-furnace operation and the out-of-furnace slag iron treatment in the smelting process, so that smelting is difficult, the characteristics of vanadium titano-magnetite smelting are mainly titanium reduced in a blast furnace, the titanium is combined with carbon and nitrogen in the blast furnace to form high-melting-point compounds titanium carbide and titanium nitride, slag iron is sticky, slag iron is indispensible, the fluidity is poor, slag iron emission is difficult, and serious conditions cause the difficult accumulation of the blast furnace hearth. According to the production experience, the thermal strength condition of coke for smelting vanadium titanium ore in the blast furnace is more than or equal to 65%, while in order to meet the production and cost requirements, the CSR of the coke is less than or equal to 35%, and the smelting of vanadium titanium ore under the low thermal strength coke is a difficult point in the current blast furnace vanadium titanium ore smelting process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by a blast furnace, which aims to solve the technical problem that the blast furnace cannot use low-thermal-state strength coke in the process of smelting vanadium titanium ore.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by a blast furnace comprises the following specific steps:
s1: selecting a proper furnace burden ore blending structure:
alkaline ore: stabilizing the basicity of the alkaline sinter R 2 =1.78-1.85; acid ore: vanadium-titanium pellets and acid pellets are used, and the load of titanium to be charged is adjusted by increasing the proportion of the vanadium-titanium pellets; stabilizing the structural proportion of furnace burden and alkalinitySintering ore: acid pellet: vanadium titanium pellet = 70%:20%:10%; total iron grade tfe=54-62%, alkaline sinter basicity r=1.75-1.85, tio2 loading 20-25 Kg/t iron; the zinc load in the furnace is reduced, the proportion of steelmaking sludge and dust to the uniformly mixed mineral powder is reduced, the zinc load in the furnace is reduced by 40 percent, and the zinc load in the furnace is reduced from 0.9 Kg/t to 0.6 Kg/t.
S2: low hot strength coke index: the thermal strength of the coke is 29-35%;
s3: and (3) adjusting operation parameters of the blast furnace: the adjustment of the charging system adopts the steps of increasing the material distribution angle, increasing the ore batch from 60 t/batch to 66 t/batch, using the large ore batch and Jiao Jiao, being beneficial to the improvement of gas utilization, matching with the high blast energy at the lower part, forming the gas distribution with open center, improving the ventilation property of the blast furnace, gradually increasing the air quantity, continuously increasing the material distribution angle, increasing the blast energy, being beneficial to ensuring the activity of a hearth, improving the smelting strength, reducing the residence time of titanium in the furnace, controlling the material line SL at 1.50m, selecting 1# and 3# scales, discharging according to the shallow scale when the deviation of two material scales is more than 0.9m, and adjusting the material distribution circle number of coke according to 4 grades, wherein the first grade: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:38.4, 36.4, 34.4, 32.4 and 29.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; second gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:37.4, 35.4, 33.4, 31.4 and 28.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; third gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:36.4, 34.4, 32.4, 30.4 and 27.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; fourth gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:35.4, 33.4, 31.4, 29.4 and 26.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles;
ore is adjusted according to 4 grades, first grade: the alpha reference angles of + -0.2:38.4, 36.4, 34.4, 32.4 and 29.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; second gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:37.4, 35.4, 33.4, 31.4 and 28.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; third gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:36.4, 34.4, 32.4, 30.4 and 27.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; fourth gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:35.4, 33.4, 31.4, 29.4 and 26.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle.
The charging system matrix is mainly used for stabilizing the central air flow, properly developing the edge air flow as an auxiliary material, optimizing the distribution of furnace charges in the blast furnace, stabilizing and operating the blast furnace, controlling the proper position of the reflow zone, and improving the gas utilization rate;
s4: and (3) adjusting an air supply system: taking the forward running of the furnace condition as the center, gradually increasing the oxygen enrichment amount, feeding the furnace with oxygen enrichment of 12000-15000Nm3/h, the oxygen enrichment rate of 3.5-5%, maintaining the output unchanged, reducing the blast capacity, reducing the furnace belly gas amount, gradually increasing the coal ratio to 105-110kg/t iron, maintaining the coke ratio unchanged, increasing the fuel ratio, ensuring the proper furnace belly gas amount, and ensuring the furnace belly gas amount index of 65.5-67.5m 3 /min.m 2, The area of the air opening is reduced, the air speed is guaranteed to be 270m/s, and the blasting kinetic energy is 11000kg.m/s; the air temperature of the furnace is 1150-1250 ℃, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2180-2230 ℃, the activity degree of the hearth is improved, the oxidation zone in front of the tuyere is expanded, the oxygen potential of the hearth is increased, and the reduced [ Si ] is promoted]The slag iron viscosity is reduced, the blast furnace top pressure is improved, the smelting period is shortened, the over-reduction of Ti is reduced, high-top pressure and high-oxygen-enriched smelting measures are adopted, the top pressure improvement can improve the air permeability of the blast furnace, the oxygen content is increased, the smelting strength is improved, the hearth is promoted to be active, the blast furnace top pressure is controlled to be 220+/-5 KPa, after the top pressure is improved, the oxygen content is improved, the hearth is more active, and the furnace condition is more stable;
s5: and (3) adjusting a heat system: on the premise of ensuring that the physical heat PT of molten iron is 1460-1490 ℃, the silicon content of pig iron is reduced in a planned way, and the molten iron [ Si ]:0.35-0.45, [ Ti ] < 0.205%, and [ Si+Ti ] is used as the standard of the blast furnace heat system for smelting vanadium titano-magnetite, and the reduction of [ Si+Ti ] < 0.5% of molten iron is necessary to ensure that the physical heat of the molten iron is in the range of 1460-1490 ℃ in PT;
s6: the cooling system is controlled, the operation modes of stabilizing the center and inhibiting the marginal gas flow are formed by the matching of the air supply system and the charging system, the proper heat flow intensity of the furnace body is controlled, and the heat flow intensity of the whole furnace is controlled to be 11000-11500w/m 2 The cold and hot flow intensity of furnace belly copper is 21000-21500w/m 2 Maintaining reasonable operation furnace type of the blast furnace;
s7: and (3) adjusting a slagging system: the viscosity of Ti, C and N of high-melting-point high-titanium slag is reduced, and the temperature [ Si+Ti ] of molten iron is reduced]Control TiO 2 Reducing the production of Ti, C and N; reducing the binary basicity R of slag 2 =Cao/SiO 2 Binary basicity R of slag 2 The ratio of magnesium to aluminum in the slag is stabilized at 0.52-0.55 by controlling Cao/SiO to be 1.1+/-0.05 times, so that the melting temperature of the slag is reduced, and the fluidity of the slag is improved;
s8: furnace front management: the vanadium titanium ore smelting is carried out on duty to discharge iron slag, the iron tapping times are increased, the iron tapping times are carried out at night, a blast furnace adopts zero-interval iron tapping, the detail operations of the mud beating amount, the drill bit diameter and the iron notch depth of three clay guns are unified, the iron interval time is shortened to 15min, the iron tapping times are controlled to be 12-13 times/d, the clay sleeve management is enhanced, and the mud rate is reduced to be less than 1%.
According to the technical scheme, the method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by using the blast furnace is characterized in that under the condition that the blast furnace uses low-thermal-state strength coke fuel, the blast furnace is enabled to reach an upper stable and lower active working state by optimizing an upper operation system and a lower operation system, titanium reduction is inhibited by oxygen enrichment, the oxygen enrichment can effectively improve the combustion performance of coal dust and the fluidity of slag by using the operation policy of oxygen enrichment and coal injection of the lower adjustment, the theoretical combustion temperature before an air port is improved, the smelting strength is improved, and the residence time of titanium in the furnace is reduced. Meanwhile, the increase of the oxygen enrichment rate is beneficial to increasing the oxidation atmosphere in the furnace and inhibiting TiO 2 Reducing into pig iron. Meanwhile, the top pressure is properly increased, and after the top pressure is increased, the partial pressure of CO is correspondingly increased, so that the generation of SiO is inhibited, and the generation amount of silicon is reduced. In addition, after the pressure of the furnace item is increased, the lower part of the heat of the blast furnace is beneficial to centralizing, the positions of a soft melting zone and a dripping zone are relatively reduced, and thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for generating silicon are weakened, so that the low-silicon smelting is also beneficial.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by using the blast furnace is adopted, and under the condition that the blast furnace uses low-thermal-state strength coke fuel, the blast furnace achieves an upper stable and lower active working state by optimizing upper and lower operation systems.
Examples
The operation method of the invention is as follows: a method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by a blast furnace,
no.1 specific burden ore-mixing structure
(1) Alkaline ore: basicity of alkaline sinter R 2 =1.78-1.85。
(2) Acid ore: vanadium-titanium pellets and acid pellets are used, and the load of titanium in the furnace is adjusted by increasing the proportion of the vanadium-titanium pellets.
(3) Stabilizing the structural proportion of furnace burden: (alkaline sinter: acid pellet: vanadium titanium pellet = 70%:20%: 10%);
the stability of the furnace burden structure stabilizes the temperature region of the ore meltability, and stabilizes the ore softening interval:
total iron grade tfe=54-62%, alkaline sinter basicity r=1.75-1.85, tio2 load 20-25 Kg/t iron
(4) Reducing zinc load in furnace
The proportion of steelmaking sludge and dedusting ash to the uniformly mixed mineral powder is reduced, the zinc load in the furnace is reduced by 40 percent, and the zinc load is reduced from 0.9 Kg/t to 0.6 Kg/t.
2. The thermal strength of the coke is 29-35%. Coal ratio is 105-110kg/t iron.
No.2 charging regime
In the adjustment of the charging system, the work is performed mainly by increasing the blast kinetic energy around how to increase the blast volume, the material distribution angle is increased at the upper part, and the ore batch is enlarged from 60 t/batch to 66 t/batch. On the basis of the smooth running of the furnace condition, large ore batches and large ore Jiao Jiao are used, the improvement of the utilization of coal gas is utilized, the high blast kinetic energy at the lower part is matched, the coal gas distribution with an open center is formed, the air permeability of the blast furnace is greatly improved, the air quantity is gradually increased, the material distribution angle is continuously increased, the blast kinetic energy is increased to be beneficial to ensuring the activity of a hearth, the smelting strength is improved, the residence time of titanium in the furnace is reduced, and favorable smelting conditions are provided for further improving the vanadium-titanium ore proportion.
The line SL was controlled at 1.60m. SL selects No.1 and No.3 gauges, if the deviation of two gauges is larger than 1m, the gauge is discharged according to the gauge being larger than 1.0m, the gauge is not changed at will, manual intervention on the gauge is not needed in the work as much as possible, continuous intervention is not larger than 2 times, and the number of cloth turns is that of coke: 43322 the ore is 33321 alpha angle is 38.5 degrees, and the reasonable charging system is adopted to optimize the distribution of the furnace burden in the blast furnace, so that the method has important significance for stably and smoothly operating the blast furnace, controlling the position of a proper reflow zone and improving the gas utilization rate. The upper and lower adjusting agents are combined to control proper blast kinetic energy, so that the reasonable distribution of initial gas flow of the hearth is formed, the hearth is ensured to work uniformly and actively, the reasonable distribution of central and edge gas flows is maintained, the stable operation of the blast furnace is ensured, the low-silicon enhanced smelting of the blast furnace is realized, a reasonable distribution mode is maintained, the stable central gas flow is taken as the main material, and the edge gas flow is properly developed as the auxiliary material. The distribution system during low-silicon vanadium-titanium smelting is shown in the following table:
；
no.3 air supply system adjustment
Taking the forward running of the furnace condition as the center, gradually increasing the oxygen enrichment amount, maintaining the output unchanged, reducing the blast capacity and reducing the gas amount of the furnace belly to be smaller than that in the normal furnace condition; the area of the tuyere is reduced, which is smaller than that of a normal blast furnace operation tuyere, the wind speed is guaranteed to be about 270m/s, and the blasting kinetic energy is guaranteed to be about 11000kg.m/s; maintaining proper theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere at 2180-2230 ℃, reducing the wind temperature by 50-70 ℃, and stopping humidification; gradually increasing the coal ratio, keeping the coke ratio unchanged, increasing the fuel ratio, ensuring proper gas quantity, and ensuring that the furnace top temperature cannot be lower than 120 ℃; the distribution system and ore batch weight are regulated, two airflows at the center and the edge are ensured, and the silicon content of pig iron is reduced on the premise of ensuring the physical heat of molten iron at 1450-1480 ℃ according to the acceptance condition of furnace conditions.
Practice of coke smelting vanadium titanium ore with low thermal strength proves that the vanadium titanium ore plays the leading role or reduces, becauseSmelting in a blast furnace is a reduction process, and oxidation cannot be carried out in a large amount in the blast furnace. Thus, vanadium-titanium ore smelting is mainly to control TiO 2 At the same time, the furnace belly is required to maintain a certain oxygen potential.
The oxygen enrichment inhibits the reduction of titanium, and the vanadium-titanium ore smelting is properly enriched with oxygen and maintains a certain coal ratio, which is beneficial to the stability of furnace conditions. The oxygen enrichment can effectively improve the combustion performance of coal dust and the fluidity of slag, improve the theoretical combustion temperature before the tuyere, improve the smelting strength and reduce the residence time of titanium in the furnace. Meanwhile, the increase of the oxygen enrichment rate is beneficial to increasing the oxidation atmosphere in the furnace and inhibiting TiO 2 Reducing into pig iron. After the top pressure is properly increased, the partial pressure of CO is correspondingly increased, so that the generation of SiO is inhibited, and the generation amount of silicon is reduced. In addition, after the pressure of the furnace item is increased, the lower part of the heat of the blast furnace is beneficial to centralizing, the positions of a soft melting zone and a dripping zone are relatively reduced, and thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for generating silicon are weakened, so that the low-silicon smelting is also beneficial to carrying out. The furnace top pressure is improved, and the high-pressure operation is very beneficial to smelting low-silicon pig iron. The mode of continuously increasing the oxygen enrichment is adopted, the oxygen enrichment is 12000Nm3/h after being fed into the furnace, and the oxygen enrichment rate reaches 3.3 percent.
After the oxygen enrichment is carried out in a multi-purpose way, the smelting intensity is effectively improved, the physical heat at the lower part of the blast furnace is improved, the chemical heat is reduced, the stronger oxygen potential atmosphere of the hearth can be maintained, the generation of Ti (CN) is effectively inhibited, and the fluidity of slag is improved. The method has the advantages that the measures of full air quantity, full air port blowing and the like are maintained on an air supply system, the air speed and the air blast kinetic energy are improved, the initial distribution of the coal gas in the hearth is reasonable, the temperature distribution of the section of the hearth is uniform, and the hearth works actively, so that favorable conditions are provided for controlling the reduction of silicon and titanium and ensuring that the slag has good desulfurization performance. The blast furnace air quantity 4400-4450Nm3/min is maintained; the oxygen enrichment is 11000 Nm/h, the air permeability index K value of the blast furnace is below 4.8, and the oxygen enrichment is properly adjusted according to the fluctuation condition of the K value.
No.4 heat regulation
When the vanadium titanium ore is smelted, low-silicon smelting is adopted, ti in pig iron is 0.065-0.100%, si+Ti is 0.30-0.45, the fluidity of molten iron is good, no obvious molten iron sticky condition exists, when the Si content of the pig iron is more than 0.50%, the Ti content of the pig iron is increased to 0.20-0.30%, si+Ti is increased to 0.80-1.00, at the moment, the overall furnace temperature is higher, the fluidity of the molten iron is poorer, the depth of a tap hole is deepened, the opening time is longer, when the Si content is more than 0.80%, the Ti content of the pig iron is increased to 0.40%, the furnace condition is deteriorated, the pressure difference of the furnace condition is higher, the gas utilization rate is poor, a pipeline is generated in the furnace and is accompanied by material collapse and suspension, uncontrollable state of tapping is generated in front of the furnace, the fluidity of the molten iron is further deteriorated, and the labor before the furnace is increased; when [ Ti ] in the molten iron is <0.25%, the [ Si ] content in the molten iron has less influence on the high-melting-point precipitates. When the content of [ Ti ] in the molten iron is more than 0.25%, the content of [ Si ] in the molten iron should be strictly controlled to be within 0.5%. When the [ Ti ] in the molten iron is more than 0.25%, the [ Si ] content in the molten iron is strictly controlled to be within 0.5%, otherwise, the TiC precipitation temperature is higher than 1330 ℃ and higher than the pretreatment temperature of the molten iron, so that the bonding phenomenon occurs. Therefore, the levels of [ Si ] and [ Ti ] in the molten iron should be controlled stably, slag sticking phenomenon occurs when the levels slightly fluctuate, and the load of Ti entering the furnace is more than 20kg/t [ Si ] and is controlled below 0.3%.
No.5 slagging system control
Slag alkalinity control: at 1.14-1.17 times, tiO in the slag 2 At 1.40-1.75, ai 2 O 3 Decreasing from 9.10 to 8.48%, mgO maintains about 7%, and when the slag basicity is gradually decreased to 1.08-1.10 times, tiO is maintained 2 、Ai 2 O 3 All are suitable, the slag fluidity is better, and the melting temperature is the lowest, so the pig iron content S is considered]TiO for charging in normal furnace condition 2 More than or equal to 20kg/t, and controlling the alkalinity of slag between 1.10 and 1.16.
Slag temperature control: in TiO 2 Under the condition of a certain content, when the binary alkalinity B2<1.10, the meltability temperature decreases with increasing binary alkalinity; when the binary alkalinity B2>At 1.10, the meltability temperature increases with increasing binary alkalinity; the melting temperature is lowest when the binary basicity=1.10.
In summary, the eight-steel titanium-containing blast furnace slag belongs to the short slag type, and TiO in the slag 2 <At 5%, the viscosity and the meltability temperature of the blast furnace slag do not deteriorate due to the viscosity increase and fluidity exhibited by the high titanium type blast furnace slag, and the eight-steel blast furnaceThe smelting belongs to the low titanium slag smelting category, the slag iron fluidity is good, the slag alkalinity is controlled between 1.10 and 1.16, the meltability temperature is 1360-1420 ℃, and the molten iron temperature is controlled to be more than 1480 ℃. However, ti (C, N) can be produced by smelting low titanium slag, but the production amount is small, the influence on slag fluidity is small, long-term accumulation can also influence the smooth running of furnace conditions.
NO.6 establishes a daily furnace condition forward evaluation index
The technology for smelting vanadium titanium ore in large blast furnace under low thermal state strength coke is characterized by setting up local raw fuel condition, taking long-term stable forward running of furnace condition as center, progressively quantizing comprehensive index of blast furnace in the course of operation, establishing furnace condition evaluation index and furnace active index system, making reasonable evaluation on forward running condition index of blast furnace in the course of smelting vanadium titanium ore, defining forward running index as stable forward running by means of running parameter trending and data management of blast furnace, defining forward running index as basic forward running by means of defining forward running index as above 90 min, defining forward running index as basic forward running by means of defining forward running index as above 65 min, and timely regulating running parameter when forward running index is less than 65 so as to stabilize forward running condition of blast furnace.
No.7 stokehold management
The front iron discharge management, the blast furnace should discharge clean slag iron in time, avoiding the long-time stay of titanium slag in the furnace and the precipitation of TiN and TiC are key in smelting vanadium titanium ore, and the front implementation takes the 'robbing' word as the head and discharges clean slag iron in time. The method mainly increases the tapping times from 12 times to 14 times, and requires zero interval tapping, and drills another tap hole before plugging the tap hole so as to ensure the tapping of the blast furnace at any time. Meanwhile, a stemming manufacturer is replaced by using high-strength anhydrous stemming, after the stemming strength is improved, the tapping positive rate before the furnace is finished, the tapping interval time is 0-15min, and 12-13 furnaces are needed each day. The maintenance of an INBA water slag system is enhanced, the slag flushing rate is improved, the organization coordination is enhanced, a blast furnace is timely provided with a tank, the tapping work in front of the blast furnace is gradually improved through the measures, the timely tapping of slag iron is ensured, the promotion of reduction of Ti by 'holding the furnace' is avoided, and the influence is brought to the smelting of vanadium titanium ore. The iron tapping requirements in the operation are strictly executed, the interval time is 0-10min, the iron tapping time is more than or equal to 4 furnaces per shift, and the iron tapping time is more than two hours, and another iron notch is opened for overlapping.
The vanadium-titanium ore smelting slag has large quantity, poor slag iron fluidity and channel adhesion, serious iron in slag and large stokehold work quantity, but is not suffocated, so that the enhancement of stokehold work is particularly important. The front of the furnace adopts positive tapping, uniform tapping and clean slag tapping, and is a necessary condition for strengthening the smelting of the vanadium titanium ore in front of the furnace.
Exit mechanism for No.8 vanadium titanium ore smelting
Because the low thermal strength coke is adopted to smelt the vanadium titanium ore, an exit mechanism of the vanadium titanium ore smelting is formulated, and the low silicon smelting is stopped immediately when the blast furnace is in a condition that the slow down time caused by abnormal external or internal reasons cannot exceed 4 hours, the slow down time caused by the external reasons must be notified in advance by 6 hours, and the low silicon smelting is stopped to take heat increasing measures; when the raw fuel composition of the blast furnace changes, the coke ash content of the blast furnace is more than 12.5%, the coke M40 is less than or equal to 89%, M10 is more than or equal to 6.8%, the alkalinity fluctuation range of the alkaline sinter exceeds +/-0.05, the coke structure of the blast furnace is changed and adjusted, the vanadium adding titanium ore is stopped, when water leaks from blast furnace cooling equipment and medium and a tuyere small sleeve occurs, the vanadium adding titanium ore is stopped, the static pressure of the blast furnace body fluctuates for more than 2 times per shift, the pressure difference of the blast furnace indicates that the high air volume is not added or the blast furnace does not accept the air volume, the operation of the blast furnace is performed for a long time and slow air, the operation of frequently reducing the air of the blast furnace is caused, the normal air volume of the blast furnace cannot be maintained for a long time, the vanadium adding titanium ore is stopped, the heat load of the blast furnace fluctuates greatly for more than 2 times, the heat load of the blast furnace is greatly fluctuated, the temperature of the blast furnace is greatly reduced, and the PT is continuously lower than 1472 ℃ and the temperature of the furnace is lower than 0.1470 ℃; in a blast furnace shift, a suspension phenomenon occurs due to fluctuation of furnace conditions and static pressure penetration of an emergency crutch, so that the blast furnace greatly reduces wind and sits down, and long-time low-material-line operation of the blast furnace is caused, and the addition of schreyerite is stopped; when the air is greatly reduced by more than 2 times of pipelines due to fluctuation of furnace conditions in a blast furnace shift, the blast furnace H is caused by frequent water pumping at the top of the blast furnace 2 The content is increased, the addition of vanadium titanium ore is stopped, the fluctuation of air flow is large due to the fluctuation of furnace conditions in blast furnace shifts,when the situation occurs in the blast furnace, the furnace condition forward evaluation index of the blast furnace for 1 day is less than 60 or the evaluation index is lower than 70 minutes in two continuous days, the furnace condition evaluation is judged to be forward difference, and the addition of the vanadium titanium ore is stopped. To sum up, prevent the occurrence of furnace cooling accident under abnormal furnace condition, and lead to the inclusion of [ Ti ]]When the amount is high, difficulty is brought to recovery of the furnace condition.
The invention aims at: under the condition that the blast furnace uses the fuel of low-thermal-state strength coke, vanadium-titanium ore is smelted, the blast furnace achieves an upper stable and lower active working state through optimizing an upper operation system and a lower operation system, the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace is ensured, the high yield is realized, and the economy is obviously improved because the vanadium-titanium ore is cheap ore.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for smelting vanadium titanium ore by a blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a proper furnace burden ore blending structure:
alkaline ore: stabilizing the basicity of the alkaline sinter R 2 =1.78-1.85; acid ore: vanadium-titanium pellets and acid pellets are used, and the load of titanium to be charged is adjusted by increasing the proportion of the vanadium-titanium pellets; stabilizing the structural proportion of furnace burden, and alkaline sinter: acid pellet: vanadium titanium pellet = 70%:20%:10%; total iron grade tfe=54-62%, alkaline sinter basicity r=1.75-1.85, tio2 loading 20-25 Kg/t iron; reducing the load of zinc in the furnace, reducing the proportion of steelmaking sludge and dust to the uniformly mixed mineral powder, and reducing the load of zinc in the furnace40%, from 0.9 Kg/t down to 0.6 Kg/t;
s2: low hot strength coke index: the thermal strength of the coke is 29-35%;
s3: and (3) adjusting operation parameters of the blast furnace: the adjustment of the charging system adopts the steps of increasing the material distribution angle, increasing the ore batch from 60 t/batch to 66 t/batch, using the large ore batch and Jiao Jiao, being beneficial to the improvement of gas utilization, matching with the high blast energy at the lower part, forming the gas distribution with open center, improving the ventilation property of the blast furnace, gradually increasing the air quantity, continuously increasing the material distribution angle, increasing the blast energy, being beneficial to ensuring the activity of a hearth, improving the smelting strength, reducing the residence time of titanium in the furnace, controlling the material line SL at 1.50m, selecting 1# and 3# scales, discharging according to the shallow scale when the deviation of two material scales is more than 0.9m, and adjusting the material distribution circle number of coke according to 4 grades, wherein the first grade: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:38.4, 36.4, 34.4, 32.4 and 29.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; second gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:37.4, 35.4, 33.4, 31.4 and 28.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; third gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:36.4, 34.4, 32.4, 30.4 and 27.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles; fourth gear: alpha reference angles of + -0.2:35.4, 33.4, 31.4, 29.4 and 26.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta rotation turns according to: 4 circles, 3 circles, 2 circles and 2 circles;
ore is adjusted according to 4 grades, first grade: the alpha reference angles of + -0.2:38.4, 36.4, 34.4, 32.4 and 29.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; second gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:37.4, 35.4, 33.4, 31.4 and 28.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; third gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:36.4, 34.4, 32.4, 30.4 and 27.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle; fourth gear: the alpha reference angles of +/-0.2:35.4, 33.4, 31.4, 29.4 and 26.4 degrees respectively correspond to beta angle rotation turns according to the following steps: 3 circles, 2 circles and 1 circle;
the charging system matrix is mainly used for stabilizing the central air flow, properly developing the edge air flow as an auxiliary material, optimizing the distribution of furnace charges in the blast furnace, stabilizing and operating the blast furnace, controlling the proper position of the reflow zone, and improving the gas utilization rate;
s4: and (3) adjusting an air supply system: taking the forward running of the furnace condition as the center, gradually increasing the oxygen enrichment amount, feeding the furnace with oxygen enrichment of 12000-15000Nm3/h, the oxygen enrichment rate of 3.5-5%, maintaining the output unchanged, reducing the blast capacity, reducing the furnace belly gas amount, gradually increasing the coal ratio to 105-110kg/t iron, maintaining the coke ratio unchanged, increasing the fuel ratio, ensuring the proper furnace belly gas amount, and ensuring the furnace belly gas amount index of 65.5-67.5m 3 /min.m 2, The area of the air opening is reduced, the air speed is guaranteed to be 270m/s, and the blasting kinetic energy is 11000kg.m/s; the air temperature of the furnace is 1150-1250 ℃, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2180-2230 ℃, the activity degree of the hearth is improved, the oxidation zone in front of the tuyere is expanded, the oxygen potential of the hearth is increased, and the reduced [ Si ] is promoted]The slag iron viscosity is reduced, the blast furnace top pressure is improved, the smelting period is shortened, the over-reduction of Ti is reduced, high-top pressure and high-oxygen-enriched smelting measures are adopted, the top pressure improvement can improve the air permeability of the blast furnace, the oxygen content is increased, the smelting strength is improved, the hearth is promoted to be active, the blast furnace top pressure is controlled to be 220+/-5 KPa, after the top pressure is improved, the oxygen content is improved, the hearth is more active, and the furnace condition is more stable;
s5: and (3) adjusting a heat system: on the premise of ensuring that the physical heat PT of molten iron is 1460-1490 ℃, the silicon content of pig iron is reduced in a planned way, and the molten iron [ Si ]:0.35-0.45, [ Ti ] < 0.205%, and [ Si+Ti ] is used as the standard of the blast furnace heat system for smelting vanadium titano-magnetite, and the reduction of [ Si+Ti ] < 0.5% of molten iron is necessary to ensure that the physical heat of the molten iron is in the range of 1460-1490 ℃ in PT;
s6: the cooling system is controlled, the operation modes of stabilizing the center and inhibiting the marginal gas flow are formed by the matching of the air supply system and the charging system, the proper heat flow intensity of the furnace body is controlled, and the heat flow intensity of the whole furnace is controlled to be 11000-11500w/m 2 The cold and hot flow intensity of furnace belly copper is 21000-21500w/m 2 Maintaining reasonable operation furnace type of the blast furnace;
s7: and (3) adjusting a slagging system: the viscosity of Ti, C and N of high-melting-point high-titanium slag is reduced, and the temperature [ Si+Ti ] of molten iron is reduced]Control TiO 2 Reducing Ti, C,N generation amount; reducing the binary basicity R of slag 2 =Cao/SiO 2 Binary basicity R of slag 2 The ratio of magnesium to aluminum in the slag is stabilized at 0.52-0.55 by controlling Cao/SiO to be 1.1+/-0.05 times, so that the melting temperature of the slag is reduced, and the fluidity of the slag is improved;
s8: furnace front management: the vanadium titanium ore smelting is carried out on duty to discharge iron slag, the iron tapping times are increased, the iron tapping times are carried out at night, a blast furnace adopts zero-interval iron tapping, the detail operations of the mud beating amount, the drill bit diameter and the iron notch depth of three clay guns are unified, the iron interval time is shortened to 15min, the iron tapping times are controlled to be 12-13 times/d, the clay sleeve management is enhanced, and the mud rate is reduced to be less than 1%.
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