CN117509354A - Suspension device for traction sheave elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Suspension device for traction sheave elevators having a width and a thickness and in the form of a flat belt with a plurality of traction means strands embedded in the friction-increasing belt body material and thereby contacting the traction sheave and optionally at least one further guide sheave in normal operation, characterized in that the suspension device has at least one, preferably ribbed guide in its central region on the planar side, which guide protrudes beyond the respective planar side in a direction parallel to the belt thickness, and in that the lateral region of the suspension device extending on both sides of the at least one guide is designed as a flat belt without any further guide.

Description

Suspension device for traction sheave elevator

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a suspension device for a traction sheave elevator, a traction sheave elevator comprising a suspension device and the use of a suspension device.

Technical Field

The use of belts in elevators to replace conventional ropes is an increasingly popular technique. Since the ropes of significantly smaller diameters are arranged horizontally in the belt instead of the conventional thick-diameter ropes, significantly smaller traction sheave diameters can be achieved. In this way, a high torque can be obtained with a smaller motor.

One of the most common strap types in the industry is flat strap. The cross-sectional shape of this belt type is a simple rectangular polyurethane plastic with a rope core or traction means strands inside.

Fig. 1 shows a part of a belt and a part of a traction sheave or guide wheel of the prior art. Fig. 2 illustrates the belt of fig. 1 in a front cross-section and a traction sheave or guide wheel.

As can be seen in particular in fig. 2, conventional traction sheaves or guide wheels have a convex shape (crown shape) for alignment. The convexity generates a force to keep the belt centered as it rolls over the pulley or sheave. This is the most common method for Ji Bian flat belts. The closer to the belt edge, the less contact the belt makes with the pulley or sheave, while the belt center makes full contact with the pulley or sheave.

A first technical problem arises from the above configuration.

The convex shape of the pulleys or traction sheave solves the problem of belt alignment on the guide or traction sheave, but creates another technical problem. The guide wheels or traction sheaves are also referred to herein as pulleys or sheaves. In general, a guide wheel mounted on a motor shaft is called a traction sheave. In short, both the guide wheel and the traction sheave are often referred to herein as pulleys or diverting pulleys.

Due to the convex shape of the pulley, the belt center is in full contact with the pulley, with the degree of contact decreasing towards the edges and creating a gap, which can also be seen in fig. 2.

Thus, the central cord is subjected to a high load when the belt is rolled over the pulley, whereas the cords on both sides of the belt are subjected to a very low load in this design. This means that when the belt is flat and not on the pulley, the rope core evenly shares the load, but when on the pulley the central zone is subjected to a significantly larger load.

The main support element of the belt is the rope core and when these ropes are applied against the pulleys they will bend and deform and bear the greatest load, which in effect shortens the belt life. In fig. 1, the load strength is indicated by an arrow.

Another technical problem arises from the above configuration.

Due to the flat geometry of the belt and the convex geometry of the pulley, the effective contact area is limited to the center of the belt and pulley. This means that the coefficient of friction between the pulley and the belt, i.e. the drag of the motor, is relatively low.

In the elevator industry there are several different shaped profile types. The most common form is to have a plurality of V-shaped profiles on one side of the belt (i.e., the planar side or in the width direction) distributed across the width of the belt.

The so-called polyurethane rope type, available for example from ContiTech company (Hanou), has a planar profile on one side and a circular profile concentric with the rope core on the other side. The so-called polyurethane rope DP version, available for example from contetech company (hanocar), has a circular profile concentric with the rope core on one side and a V-shaped profile on the other side.

Because of the complex profile shape, both the multi-contoured belts themselves and the pulley surfaces suitable for them are relatively difficult to manufacture. In order for them to function properly, they must be manufactured accurately to tight tolerances. In a profiled version on one side, the belt is bent so that the profiled surface of the belt is in contact with all pulleys. When the belt is rotated in this design, it takes up more space in a horizontal arrangement.

In a belt version with a profile on only one side, the planar surface of the belt contacts the pulley when the belt is not moving in a curved manner. In this case, as with flat belts, the pulley surface must have a convex radius to align the belt on the pulley. This causes the first technical problem of the flat belt that occurs with the pulley described above.

On the other hand, the double sided profile pattern is the one with the most complex geometry and the greatest difficulty in manufacturing. Complex pulley surfaces specific to such belt profiles must be manufactured on both the motor side and the guide wheel side. Such belts are costly because of their complex geometry and the large quantities of polyurethane plastic required. The use of too much polyurethane results in a higher basis weight of the belt.

A circular channel with a diameter slightly larger than the profile of the pulley should be made at the pulley, which is suitable for belts with a circular profile. Because the circular profile of the belt and the circular channel of the pulley have different diameters, the effective contact area between the pulley and the belt becomes relatively small. As a result, the local tension in the polyurethane plastic is high and the friction ratio between the pulley and the belt is relatively low.

Task of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a suspension device for a traction sheave elevator which can be produced easily and whose traction force can also be increased.

Solution of the invention

Claim 1 provides a solution to this task.

The suspension according to the invention in the form of a flat belt with a plurality of traction means strands embedded in the friction-increasing belt body material and contacting the traction sheave and possibly at least one further guide sheave by means of the belt body material during normal operation is characterized in that the suspension has at least one preferably rib-like guide protruding beyond the respective plane side in a direction parallel to the belt thickness in the central zone of the plane side and in that the suspension is designed as a flat belt without any other guide in the lateral zones where it extends on both sides of the at least one guide. The "guide" is preferably a form-fitting guide.

Best mode for carrying out the invention

Further preferred embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

In particular, the suspension device preferably has at least one guide piece on both planar sides thereof, which protrudes beyond the respective planar side, preferably in a rib-like manner, in a direction parallel to the belt thickness, and is designed as a flat belt without further guide pieces in its lateral regions extending on both sides of the at least one guide piece (ideally extending over at least two, preferably at least three directly adjacent traction means strands). The guide is used, for example, to quickly and easily align the tape.

The rib is preferably convexly curved and protrudes substantially or completely in a direction parallel to the thickness of the strip, preferably in a part-circular manner.

According to the invention, the ribs preferably protrude in a V-shape in a direction parallel to the thickness of the strip.

According to the invention, the two guide elements protruding on different planar sides preferably form a common center through which at least one, preferably exactly one, tensile element extends.

According to the invention, the hoisting means strands are preferably ropes or wire ropes.

According to the invention, the suspension device according to the invention is used in such a way that it is preferably deflected in the other direction, preferably at least 170 °, by at least one guide wheel having a convexly curved suspension device contact area.

Another preferred embodiment is a suspension elevator with suspension means, which has guide wheels designed as traction sheaves and preferably at least one further guide wheel, wherein at least one guide wheel contacts the suspension means with its cylindrical jacket with at least one counter-guide, preferably in the form of a groove, which accommodates the guide of the belt in such a way that the belt obtains the necessary lateral guidance, which is required for the belt to run around the guide wheels in a given positioning. The mating guide is preferably a component that mates with or corresponds to the aforementioned guide. The guide is preferably in contact with the counter guide at least in part in a form-fitting or self-locking manner.

According to the invention, the guide of the suspension device is preferably a convex rib and the counter-guide is a groove, which is much larger than the rib, so that said rib contacts the groove floor in its deepest point area when symmetrically centered in the groove, and in its two laterally adjoining side wall areas there is no contact between said rib and the groove.

Furthermore according to the invention, the guide of the suspension device is preferably a V-shaped rib and the counter guide is a V-shaped groove dimensioned such that the V-shaped rib abuts only against the V-shaped side wall of the groove.

According to the invention, the at least one guide wheel preferably has a belt running surface on its jacket that is wider than the width of the suspension device, so that the suspension device does not lean sideways against it at its side walls, even if the guide wheel has a lateral limiting plate.

Other design possibilities, modes of operation and advantages will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments and/or from the accompanying drawings.

List of drawings

Fig. 1 shows a part of a belt and a part of a traction sheave or pulley according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 illustrates the belt of fig. 1 in a front cross-section and a traction sheave or pulley.

Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of a suspension device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.

Fig. 4 shows a suspension device of a first embodiment and a pulley or traction sheave in a front cross-sectional view.

Fig. 5 shows a part of the suspension device of the first embodiment and a part of the pulley or traction sheave.

Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of a suspension device according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.

Fig. 7 shows a suspension device of a second embodiment and a pulley or traction sheave in a front cross-section.

Fig. 8 shows the structure of the traction device strands.

Preferred design

Fig. 3-5 show a first embodiment of a suspension device according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a suspension device 1 according to the invention. The suspension device 1 is designed for a traction sheave elevator. The traction sheave elevator is preferably a vertical elevator, in which the car moves along the actual elevator shaft or at least the elevator shaft (especially vertically) defined by the frame-like housing. The traction sheave elevator or the vertical elevator is suspended on one or more suspension devices 1 according to the invention. The suspension device 1 has a width B and a thickness D and is preferably a flat belt 4. The suspension device 1 or the flat belt 4 may comprise one traction means strand 3 or a plurality of traction means strands 3. The traction means strand 3 or strands 3 comprise a rope or a wire cable.

The flat belt 4 is composed of a friction-increasing belt body material and advantageously at least mainly of a nonmetallic material and/or of a uniform material or of a material differing in layer or area. Advantageously, the belt body material of the suspension device 1 or the belt 4 is composed of rubber, plastic or a plastic mixture or composite material, but preferably polyurethane plastic. Of course, a mixed form of metal and all or part of the above-mentioned materials may also be used for the main body belt material of the suspension device 1 or the belt 4, although a mixed form of all or part of the above-mentioned materials is preferably used for the main body belt material having no metal component.

It is further preferred that the belt body material does not substantially transfer tension through the traction device strands 3 in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the traction device strands 3, which are embedded in the belt body material and thereby contact the pulley 6 or traction sheave 6 and possibly the further pulley 6 in normal operation.

In its central region 10, the suspension device 1 has at least one guide 5 which projects beyond the planar side on the respective planar side in a direction parallel to the strip thickness D. Preferably, only a single, ideally exactly centered guide 5 is provided on one planar side. It is further preferred that only a single, ideally exactly centered guide 5 is provided on each planar side.

The guide 5 is preferably in the form of a rib 2. It is further preferred that one rib 2, in particular only one rib 2, is arranged or formed on each planar side of the suspension device 1 or the belt 4, respectively, as shown in fig. 3-5.

As can be seen clearly in fig. 3 and 4, the lateral zone 11 of the suspension device 1 extends in the width direction from the outer side or side wall 9 preferably to the guide 5. In other words, the lateral zone 11 is preferably located between the guide 5 and the side wall 9 or a side of the suspension device 1 perpendicular to the width direction (i.e. in the thickness direction). As described above, the suspension device 1 has the width B in the width direction and the thickness D in the thickness direction, which is perpendicular to the thickness direction.

The longitudinal direction of the strip 4 is perpendicular to the width direction and to the thickness direction, wherein the length of the strip 4 is greater than the width of the strip 4 and the width of the strip 4 is greater than the thickness of the strip 4. The length of the belt 4 corresponds to the distance in the longitudinal direction. The width of the belt 4 corresponds to the direction along the width or the distance in the width direction. The thickness of the belt 4 corresponds to the direction of thickness or the distance in the thickness direction.

The planar side of the suspension 1 or the belt 4 is located in the width direction as seen in cross section. The planar side has a central zone 10 at the centre line M or centre axis M and also has lateral zones 11 on each outer side or side wall 9 of the suspension device 1. The planar side is bisected by a central axis M, which is parallel to the thickness direction and thus perpendicular to the width direction. The two planar sides or upper and lower sides of the belt 4 are preferably parallel to each other, while the lateral sides of the side walls 9 or belt 4, i.e. the lateral boundaries of the belt 4, extend perpendicular to the upper and lower sides. Thus, except for the guide 5, the flat belt 4 has a substantially square cross section, as shown in fig. 3. The guide 5 is preferably arranged centrally in the width direction. It is further preferred that the suspension device 1 or the belt 4 has lateral zones 11, which preferably each extend through at least two, preferably at least three, directly adjacent traction device strands 3. Preferably, the flat lateral zones 11 of the flat belt 4 are free or substantially free of other guides 5.

Advantageously, the ratio of thickness to width is substantially in the range 1:5 to 1:25, preferably 1:10 to 1:20, more preferably 1:12 to 1:18, although this ratio is determined by specific requirements, for example by requirements concerning maximum load or space conditions.

It can also be seen in fig. 3 to 5 that the suspension device 1 has at its central region 10 at both planar sides at least one guide 5, preferably in the form of a rib 2, which protrudes beyond the respective planar side in a direction parallel to the belt thickness D, and that the suspension device is designed as a flat belt 4 without or without further guide 5 in its lateral regions 11 extending on both sides of the at least one guide 5, preferably extending over at least two, preferably at least three directly adjacent traction means strands.

It is further preferred that the ribs 2 or guides 5 protrude in a V-shape in a direction parallel to the belt thickness D.

The guides 5 protruding on the different planar sides, i.e. upper and lower side, preferably form a common center through which at least one traction means strand 3, preferably exactly one traction means strand 3, extends. The hoisting means strands 3 are at least partly, preferably mainly and ideally completely ropes, preferably wire ropes.

Since the side load on the suspension 1 or flat belt 4 is low, a number of contours or guides 5 are not required to keep the suspension 1 or belt 4 in line. When the suspension 1 or the flat belt 4 and the pulley 6 are both flat, an optimal friction coefficient between the pulley 6 and the suspension 1 or the flat belt 4 is obtained.

Thus, the suspension device 1 or the flat belt 4 according to the embodiment of the invention combines the advantages of flat belts and multi-contoured belts and eliminates their drawbacks.

In the centre of the rectangular belt 4 there is a single guide 5 or rib 2, which is symmetrically arranged on both the upper and lower sides and keeps the belt in line with the pulley or traction sheave 6. The guides 5 or ribs 2 on both sides ensure that the shape of the pulley 6 is identical on both the motor side and the pulley side and aligned on both sides in the same way.

Due to this design the effective contact area between the belt 4 and the pulley 6 is significantly larger. In this way, the tension of the drive belt is increased.

As can be seen in fig. 4, all surfaces of the pulley 6 are flat or planar (i.e. without a convex shape) except for the grooved or mating guide 7. As a result, the belt core or hoisting device strands 3 are always subjected to the same load and stress. The belt core or hoisting device strands 3 distribute the load evenly in each position, as is shown in fig. 5, where the load strength is indicated by arrows.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of a suspension device according to the invention.

Fig. 6 shows a cross section of a suspension device 1 according to the invention. As can be readily seen, the first embodiment differs from the second embodiment only in the shape of the form-fitting guide 5. In the first embodiment, the form-fitting guide 5 is preferably V-shaped. As can be easily seen from fig. 6 and 7, in a second embodiment of the suspension device according to the invention, the guide 5 has a circular or annular or oval shape. All other features and advantages correspond to the first embodiment and are also applicable to the second embodiment and are incorporated by reference.

In the second embodiment shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rib 2 preferably has a substantially continuous convex curvature, preferably protrudes substantially or completely in a part-circular shape in a direction parallel to the strip thickness D.

Also due to this design the effective contact area between the belt 4 and the pulley 6 is significantly larger. In this way, the tension of the drive belt is also increased.

It can be seen in fig. 7 that all surfaces of the pulley 6 are flat or planar (i.e. without a convex shape) except for the grooved or mating guide 7. As a result, the belt core or hoisting device strands 3 are always subjected to the same load and stress. Here too, the belt core or hoisting device strands 3 distribute the load evenly in each position.

The suspension 1 according to one of the above embodiments is preferably used in such a way that it is turned in the other direction, preferably at least 170 °, by at least one guide wheel 6 with a convexly curved suspension contact area. In this case, however, the "convexly curved contact region" merely refers to the bending due to the preferably circular shape of the guide wheel 6, and thus to the bending of the guide wheel 6 along the longitudinal axis L of the belt. Such a "convexly curved contact zone" does not mean that the guide wheel 6 assumes a convex shape (or crown shape) in the plane defined by the belt thickness D and the belt width B, which is shown as prior art in fig. 1. The convex shape (or crown shape) shown in fig. 1 is no longer present in the guide wheel 6 according to the invention.

According to the invention, a suspension elevator has a suspension device 1 according to one of the above-described embodiments. The car of the suspension elevator is suspended on the suspension 1 and lifted accordingly, i.e. by means of the guide wheel 6 designed as a traction sheave and preferably at least one other guide wheel 6. The at least one guide wheel 6 contacts the suspension device 1 with its cylindrical jacket having at least one counter guide 7, preferably in the form of a groove 8, which accommodates the guide 5 of the suspension device 1 or the belt 4, so that the belt 4 is guided by the counter guide 7, which receives the guide 5 of the suspension device 1 or the belt 4 in such a way that the belt 4 is subjected to the required lateral guidance, which is required in order to run past the guide wheel 6 in the given position.

It is particularly preferred that the cylindrical jacket of the guide wheel 6 contacting the suspension 1 is flat or straight or flat, in particular in the width direction.

Preferably, the guide 5 of the suspension device 1 is a protruding rib 2 and the counter guide 7 is a groove 8, which is much larger than the rib 2, so that the rib 2 contacts the groove bottom surface in its deepest point area when symmetrically centered in the groove 8, and there is no contact between the rib 2 and the groove 8 in the two laterally adjacent side wall areas.

It is further preferred that the guide 5 of the suspension device 1 is a V-shaped rib 2 and the counter guide 7 is a V-shaped groove 8, the V-shaped groove or grooves being dimensioned such that the V-shaped rib 2 only abuts against the V-shaped side wall of the groove 8.

Particularly preferably, the mating guide 7 is arranged centrally on the jacket of the guide wheel 6, in particular in the width direction.

In the suspension elevator according to the invention the at least one guide wheel 6 has a belt running surface on its jacket that is wider than the width of the suspension, so that the suspension 1 is not laterally supported on the lateral limiting plate 6a at its side walls 9 even if the guide wheel 6 has this lateral limiting plate.

In this application, the plate 6a is understood to be the lateral boundary of the guide wheel 6 or traction sheave 6, as shown for example in fig. 4 and 7. The side walls 9 of the strips 4 face the respective plates 6a.

The suspension elevator has a suspension row group, on which the car of the suspension elevator is suspended, whereby the car can be lifted accordingly. The suspension arrangement row comprises one or more suspension units 1. Preferably, the side walls 9 of each suspension 1 in the suspension row are parallel to each other. It is further preferred that the suspension arrangement row group comprises four suspension arrangements 1 or straps 4 extending in parallel. It is further preferred that the side wall 9 of a suspension device 1 is bordered or extends adjacent to the side wall 9 of another suspension device 1.

In these figures the rope core or hoisting means strands 3 are shown simply as circles. But any other shape, such as oval, rectangular or polygonal, is possible because the traction device strands 3 are made by braiding together wires (wires and/or non-wires) of significantly smaller diameter. The shape and/or material may vary.

The structure of the individual hoisting device strands 2 can be understood from fig. 8. This shows that the hoisting device strands 3 are not made of solid material, but rather are formed of a large number of fine wires interwoven together.

List of reference numerals

1 suspension device

2-rib

3 traction device strand or belt core

4 flat belt or band

5 guide

6 traction or guide wheels or pulleys

6a plate

7 mating guide

8 groove

9 side wall

10. Central zone

11. Lateral zone

B tape width or width

D tape thickness or thickness

M centerline or central axis or midline.

Claims (11)

1. Suspension device (1) for a traction sheave elevator, having a width (B) and a thickness (D) and in the form of a flat belt (4) with a plurality of traction means strands (3) which are embedded in the friction-increasing belt body material and which thereby contact the traction sheave (6) and optionally at least one further guide sheave (6) in normal operation, characterized in that the suspension device (1) has at least one guide (5), preferably rib (2), on its central region (10) on the planar side, which protrudes beyond the respective planar side in a direction parallel to the belt thickness (D), and in that the lateral regions (11) of the suspension device extending on both sides of the at least one guide (5) are designed as flat belts (4) without any further guide (5).

2. Suspension device (1) for a traction sheave elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension device (1) has at its central zone (10) at both planar sides at least one guide piece (5), preferably in the form of a rib (2), which protrudes beyond the respective planar side in a direction parallel to the belt thickness (D), and that the lateral zone (11) of the suspension device extending on both sides of the at least one guide piece (5) is designed as a flat belt (4) without any other guide piece (5).

3. Suspension device (1) for traction sheave elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rib (2) is convexly curved and projects in a direction parallel to the belt thickness (D), preferably in a part-circular manner.

4. Suspension device (1) for a traction sheave elevator according to one of the preceding claims except for the preceding claim, characterized in that the rib (2) protrudes in a V-shape in a direction parallel to the belt thickness (D).

5. Suspension device (1) for a traction sheave elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two guides (5) protruding on different plane sides form a common center through which the at least one traction means strand (3) extends.

6. Suspension device (1) for a traction sheave elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traction means strands (3) are ropes, preferably wire ropes.

7. Use of a suspension (1) according to one of the preceding claims in such a way that it is turned in the other direction, preferably at least 170 °, by means of at least one guide wheel (6) with a convexly curved suspension contact area.

8. Suspension elevator with a suspension (1) according to one of the preceding claims and with a guide wheel (6) designed as a traction sheave and preferably at least one other guide wheel (6), characterized in that the at least one guide wheel (6) contacts the suspension (1) with its cylindrical jacket with at least one counter-guide (7), preferably in the form of a groove (8), which receives the guide (5) of the belt (4) in such a way that the belt (4) is subjected to the required lateral guidance which is required in order to run past the guide wheel (6) in a given positioning.

9. Suspension elevator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the guide (5) of the suspension (1) is a rib (2) and the counter guide (7) is a groove (8) which is larger than the rib (2) in such a way that the rib (2) contacts the groove floor in its deepest point area and in its two laterally adjoining side wall areas no contact between the rib (2) and the groove (8) when symmetrically centered in the groove (8).

10. Suspension elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide (5) of the suspension (1) is a V-shaped rib (2), the counter-guide (7) is a V-shaped groove (8), which V-shaped groove is dimensioned such that the V-shaped rib (2) only rests against the V-shaped side wall of the groove (8).

11. Suspension elevator according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide wheel (6) has a belt running surface on its jacket that is wider than the suspension width (B) so that the suspension (1) is not laterally supported at its side walls (9) even if the guide wheel (6) has lateral limit plates (6 a).