CN117490786B - Flow detection alarm device of pneumatic conveying type corn planter - Google Patents
Flow detection alarm device of pneumatic conveying type corn planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN117490786B CN117490786B CN202311848189.5A CN202311848189A CN117490786B CN 117490786 B CN117490786 B CN 117490786B CN 202311848189 A CN202311848189 A CN 202311848189A CN 117490786 B CN117490786 B CN 117490786B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
- A01C7/082—Ducts, distribution pipes or details thereof for pneumatic seeders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery measurement and control, in particular to a flow detection alarm device of a pneumatic conveying corn planter, which comprises a receiving device, wherein the receiving device comprises a flow sensor, a seeding port, a detection assembly and a compensation unit, the side wall of the flow sensor is fixedly connected with a plurality of seeding ports at equal intervals, the seeding ports are made of deformable metal materials, each seeding port comprises a connecting part and a rotating part, the cross section of each connecting part is in a semicircular shape, one end of each connecting part is fixedly connected with the flow sensor, the other end of each connecting part is fixedly connected with the detection assembly, the other end of each detection assembly is fixedly connected with the corresponding movable part, the connecting parts are mutually communicated with the detection assembly and the movable part, and the upper wall of an inner cavity of the detection assembly is fixedly connected with the corresponding compensation unit. The problem that in the prior art, the seeder can only keep fixed seeding angle, the fixed application range of flow detection device installation angle is limited is solved, and the application range of the seeder flow detection alarm device and the accuracy of data are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery measurement and control, in particular to a flow detection alarm device of a pneumatic conveying type corn planter.
Background
With the improvement of modern agriculture on the operation quality and the operation speed of a seeder, the application of the seeder is wider and wider, for a general seeder, the planted object is seeds of crops or coated seeds made into pellets, the falling pipeline of the seeder is easy to be blocked in the seeding process of the existing pneumatic conveying seeder, people are difficult to find out, so that man-machine is prevented from going forward for one time, the working efficiency is reduced while time is wasted, even if the seeder is not known from where to start to be blocked after dredging, the seeder is inconvenient to re-sow, and the quantity of the sowed seeds is difficult to know when the existing pneumatic conveying seeder is used for sowing seeds, the sowing seeds are easy to be uneven, and the waste of the seeds and the land is caused.
In order to solve the above problems, for example, the flow detection alarm of a pneumatic conveying type wheat seeder proposed by China patent with publication number of CN110196087B is connected with a vehicle-mounted terminal through a seed flow sensor, signals output by the seed flow sensor are collected and processed to obtain instant flow and transmitted to the vehicle-mounted terminal, the vehicle-mounted terminal calculates the set instant seeding rate by utilizing the received real-time speed and the set planting density, then compares the instant seeding rate with the instant flow, and if the alarm condition is met, the leakage stoppage alarm is carried out.
The defects of the existing technology are as follows: the compensation unit and the detection unit are arranged at fixed angles, the seeding angle of the seeding machine is not constant in the seeding process, and when the seeding opening is bent and deflected, the installation angle of the compensation unit and the detection unit cannot be changed, so that the received signals are unstable, and the accuracy of the flow detection alarm device is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the pneumatic conveying type corn planter flow detection alarm device, the problem that the mounting angle of the flow detection device is fixed and the using range is limited is solved, and the using range of the planter flow detection alarm device and the accuracy of data are improved.
The embodiment of the application provides a flow detection alarm device of a pneumatic conveying corn drill, which comprises a speed sensor, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a signal acquisition processor and a receiving device;
the receiving device is used for detecting corn flow, the signal acquisition processor is electrically connected with the receiving device, the signal acquisition processor is used for processing signals of the receiving device, the signal acquisition processor is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted terminal, transmits the signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal for comparison with set signals, and timely sends out alarm signals;
the receiving device comprises a flow sensor, a seeding port, a detection assembly, a compensation unit and a detection unit;
the side wall of the flow sensor is fixedly connected with a plurality of seeding openings at equal intervals, and the seeding openings are made of deformable metal materials;
the sowing port comprises a connecting part and a rotating part;
the section of the connecting part is semicircular, and one end of the connecting part is fixedly connected with the flow sensor;
the other end of the connecting part is fixedly connected with a detection component which is made of elastic materials;
one end of the detection component, which is far away from the connecting part, is fixedly connected with the rotating part, and the shape of the rotating part is the same as that of the connecting part;
the connecting part is communicated with the detecting component and the rotating part, and the detecting component can be bent and adjusted according to requirements so as to drive the rotating part to turn up and down;
one side, close to the connecting part, of the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection assembly is fixedly connected with a plurality of compensation units;
the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection assembly is fixedly connected with a plurality of detection units;
the compensation unit is positioned between the connecting part and the detection unit.
The detection assembly, the connecting part and the rotating part form a passage which adopts a design with equal sectional area, so that the air flow and seeds can be transported more stably. The seed passes through the through hole and then impacts the detection unit to output a damping oscillation signal.
The detection unit and the compensation unit are identical in structure and are composed of an impact plate, piezoelectric ceramics, a damping element and a tuning mass block, a piezoelectric ceramics leading-out signal wire is connected with a signal processing circuit of the signal acquisition processor, the impact plate is used for bearing vibration generated by seed impact and protecting the piezoelectric ceramics from being damaged by direct impact, the piezoelectric ceramics are used for detecting vibration signals of the impact plate, and the damping element and the tuning mass block are used for forming a tuning mass damper to absorb vibration energy and accelerate signal attenuation.
The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying type corn planter also comprises a vehicle body 100 and a material tank 200;
the speed sensor is fixedly connected with the rear end of the vehicle body, and is used for measuring the real-time speed of the vehicle body and transmitting the recorded real-time speed to the vehicle-mounted terminal.
The top of the vehicle body is fixedly connected with a material groove which is fixedly connected with a spray pipe;
the other end of the spray pipe is communicated with a plurality of sowing openings.
The vehicle-mounted terminal is provided with a plugging detection software which can convert the set real-time seeding quantity by utilizing the received real-time speed information and the set planting density, and then compares the real-time seeding quantity with the received instant flow information to obtain the seeding qualification rate, and if the seeding qualification rate meets the alarm condition, plugging alarm is carried out;
in this embodiment, the flow deviation is set to be more than 30%, and the alarm is given after the time exceeds 3 s.
The angle between the detection unit and the vertical direction should be 30 degrees.
The included angle between the detection unit and the vertical direction is too small, so that seeds can be bounced back, energy consumption is increased, secondary impact of the seeds can be caused, and counting errors are increased; the included angle is too large, the impact force of seeds is too small to detect, the seeds can slide on the surface of the detection unit, the generated signals are no longer standard damping vibration attenuation signals, the attenuation time of one-time impact signals is obviously prolonged, and finally repeated counting can be caused and high-speed seed counting is not facilitated; in another case, the signal is mixed with the impact signal of the subsequent seeds, which can cause neglect.
The signal acquisition processor comprises a multipath signal processing circuit, a microprocessor and a CAN bus communication module;
the signal processing circuit of each path comprises a differential amplifying circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a charge amplifying circuit, an envelope detection circuit and a Schmitt trigger;
the two input end signals of the differential amplifying circuit are respectively a detection signal of the detection unit and a compensation signal of the compensation unit, and the differential amplifying circuit is used for suppressing an interference signal after differential processing of the detection signal and the compensation signal;
the band-pass filter circuit only allows the vibration frequency caused by seed impact to pass through and is used for further restraining other clutter interference signals;
the charge amplifying circuit is used for amplifying weak signals;
the envelope detection circuit is used for converting the amplified multimodal damping oscillation signal into a single peak value signal;
the schmitt trigger is used for comparing the analog signal with the reference voltage and then outputting a pulse signal, false triggering caused by a noise signal can be avoided, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be changed by adjusting the variable resistor.
The section of the detection assembly and the seeding opening is in an arc shape bent downwards in an initial state, and the rotation part and the connecting part are the maximum degree of upward bending of the rotation part when the rotation part and the connecting part are in a horizontal line;
the adjacent compensation units and the adjacent adjustment units are fixedly connected with an adjustment air bag;
the plurality of adjusting air bags are in telecommunication connection with the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the plurality of adjusting air bags are externally connected with an air pump.
The inside of the detection assembly is fixedly connected with a near air bag, and the near air bag is positioned at one side of the detection assembly far away from the seed through hole of the sowing port;
the abutting air bag is externally connected with an air pump;
a rubber deformation layer is arranged at the part of the detection assembly, which is contacted with the abutting air bag, and paraffin is injected into the rubber deformation layer;
the inside fixed connection heater strip of detection component can be through the heater strip to the interior paraffin of rubber deformation layer heating make it soften and cooperate the air pump to the nearly gasbag air inlet make it be close to the through-hole lower wall.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
first, connect connecting portion and rotation portion through detecting element to detecting element makes for elastic material, when seeding radius needs to change, turns over from top to bottom and turns over the roll of turning over portion and then drive from top to bottom along with it by the controller control detecting element, and then has changed the route of the through-hole of seed, and detecting element also can take place deformation along with detecting element overall structure deformation with the face that compensating element contacted simultaneously, and then carries out effectual seed flow detection to the seeding mouth of different angles, the effectual maize seeder flow detection alarm device application scope that has improved.
Secondly, when the sowing radius needs to be enlarged, the controller controls the detection assembly to drive the rotation part to ascend or descend, so that the flying path of seeds in the sowing port can change along with the change of the pitching angle of the rotation part B, then the controller controls the external air pump to enter the adjusting air bag to expand the adjusting air bag, the expanded adjusting air bag enables the included angle between the detection unit and the compensation unit and the vertical direction to be always kept at a right and left degree, the flow detection capability of the detection assembly on corn seeds is always kept in a stable state, the data integrity and accuracy collected by the flow detection alarm device of the corn sowing machine are further improved, and meanwhile the suitability of the sowing machine to different working environments is also improved.
Thirdly, when detecting element and compensation unit, detecting element three are perpendicular setting in a horizon or three, detecting element can become 90 degrees or 0 degrees with the contained angle of vertical direction, the contained angle is too big can make detecting element receive less seed impact, be difficult for detecting, the contained angle is too little can make detecting element receive great impact, cause data error, it makes its inflation to be to the inside air inlet of approaching gasbag through terminal on-vehicle control air pump, simultaneously the heater strip heats the in-situ paraffin of rubber deformation and makes its softening deformation, and then make all compensation unit and detecting element be close to and then increase the area of contact with the seed to the through-hole lower wall, the cooperation is adjusted gasbag inflation simultaneously and is adjusted the angle modulation of compensation unit and detecting element, make compensation unit and detecting element remain at the inclination of a better absorption seed striking all the time, simultaneously the paraffin after the solidification also can give compensation unit and detecting element a holding power, thereby the accuracy of data under the critical state of improvement maize planter flow detection alarm device has been avoided to the near gasbag atress and is influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow detection alarm device of a pneumatic conveying corn planter;
fig. 2 is a top view of a receiving device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a detection assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a test assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an pressureless state of a second detecting assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation state of a second detecting unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a third exemplary embodiment of a detection assembly in an pressureless state;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation state of a third detecting assembly according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a vehicle body;
200. a material tank 201 and a spray pipe;
300. a speed sensor;
400. the system comprises a vehicle-mounted terminal 401 and a signal acquisition processor;
500. receiving device 501, flow sensor, 502, seeding mouth, 502A, connecting portion, 502B, rotation portion, 503, detection component, 504, compensation unit, 505, detection unit, 506, regulation gasbag, 507, near gasbag.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings; the preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It should be noted that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, the flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter provided by the invention comprises a speed sensor 300, a vehicle-mounted terminal 400, a signal acquisition processor 401 and a receiving device 500;
the receiving device 500 is used for detecting corn flow, the signal acquisition processor 401 is electrically connected with the receiving device 500, the signal acquisition processor 401 is used for processing signals of the receiving device 500, the signal acquisition processor 401 is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted terminal 400, transmits signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal 400 for comparison with set signals, and timely sends out alarm signals;
the receiving device 500 comprises a flow sensor 501, a seeding port 502, a connecting part 502A, a rotating part 502B, a detecting component 503, a compensating unit 504 and a detecting unit 505;
the side wall of the flow sensor 501 is fixedly connected with a plurality of seeding openings 502 at equal intervals, and the seeding openings 502 are made of deformable metal materials;
the sowing port 502 comprises a connecting part 502A and a rotating part 502B;
the cross section of the connecting part 502A is in a semicircular arc shape, and one end of the connecting part 502A is fixedly connected with the flow sensor 501;
the other end of the connecting part 502A is fixedly connected with a detection component 503, and the detection component 503 is made of elastic materials;
one end of the detection component 503, which is far away from the connecting part 502A, is fixedly connected with the rotating part 502B, and the shape of the rotating part 502B is the same as that of the connecting part 502A;
the connecting part 502A is mutually communicated with the detecting component 503 and the rotating part 502B, and the detecting component 503 can be bent and adjusted according to requirements so as to drive the rotating part 502B to turn up and down;
a plurality of compensation units 504 are fixedly connected to one side, close to the connecting part 502A, of the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection component 503;
the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection assembly 503 is fixedly connected with a plurality of detection units 505;
the compensation unit 504 is located between the connection portion 502A and the detection unit 505.
The detection component 503 adopts a constant cross-sectional area design with the passage formed by the connecting part 502A and the rotating part 502B, so that the air flow and seeds can be conveyed more stably. The seed passes through the through hole and hits the detection unit 505 to output a ringing signal.
The detection unit 505 and the compensation unit 504 have the same structure, and each of them is composed of an impact plate, a piezoelectric ceramic, a damping element and a tuning mass block, where the piezoelectric ceramic leads out a signal line and is connected with a signal processing circuit of the signal acquisition processor, the impact plate is used to bear vibration generated by seed impact and protect the piezoelectric ceramic from damage caused by direct impact, the piezoelectric ceramic is used to detect vibration signals of the impact plate, and the damping element and the tuning mass block are used to form a tuning mass damper to absorb vibration energy and accelerate signal attenuation.
The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying type corn planter also comprises a vehicle body 100 and a material tank 200;
the speed sensor 300 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the vehicle body 100, and the speed sensor 300 is used for measuring the real-time speed of the vehicle body 100, and transmitting the recorded real-time speed to the vehicle-mounted terminal 400.
The top of the car body 100 is fixedly connected with a material tank 200, and the material tank 200 is fixedly connected with a spray pipe 201;
the other end of the spray pipe 201 is communicated with a plurality of sowing holes 502.
The vehicle-mounted terminal 400 is provided with a plugging detection software, the set real-time seeding quantity can be converted by using the received real-time speed information and the set planting density, and then the seeding quantity is compared with the received instant flow information to obtain the seeding qualification rate, and if the seeding qualification rate meets the alarm condition, plugging alarm is carried out;
in this embodiment, the flow deviation is set to be more than 30%, and the alarm is given after the time exceeds 3 s.
The angle between the detecting unit 505 and the vertical direction should be 30 degrees.
The angle between the detecting unit 505 and the vertical direction is too small, so that the seeds can rebound, the energy consumption is increased, secondary impact of the seeds can be caused, and the counting error is increased; the included angle is too large, the impact force of the seeds is too small to be detected, the seeds can slide on the surface of the detection unit 505, the generated signals are no longer standard damping vibration attenuation signals, the attenuation time of the primary impact signals is obviously prolonged, and finally repeated counting can be possibly caused and high-speed seed counting is not facilitated; in another case, the signal is mixed with the impact signal of the subsequent seeds, which can cause neglect.
The signal acquisition processor 401 comprises a multipath signal processing circuit, a microprocessor and a CAN bus communication module;
the signal processing circuit of each path comprises a differential amplifying circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a charge amplifying circuit, an envelope detection circuit and a Schmitt trigger;
the two input end signals of the differential amplifying circuit are respectively a detection signal of the detection unit 505 and a compensation signal of the compensation unit 504, and the differential amplifying circuit is used for suppressing an interference signal after differential processing of the detection signal and the compensation signal;
the band-pass filter circuit only allows the vibration frequency caused by seed impact to pass through and is used for further restraining other clutter interference signals;
the charge amplifying circuit is used for amplifying weak signals;
the envelope detection circuit is used for converting the amplified multimodal damping oscillation signal into a single peak value signal;
the schmitt trigger is used for comparing the analog signal with the reference voltage and then outputting a pulse signal, false triggering caused by a noise signal can be avoided, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be changed by adjusting the variable resistor.
The specific implementation is as follows: in the advancing process of the vehicle body 100, the speed sensor 300 records the advancing real-time speed of the seeder and transmits data to the vehicle-mounted terminal 400, the seeder adjusts the detection assembly 503 according to the actual seeding radius to turn up and down and drive the rotating part 502B to turn up and down so as to adjust the flying radius of seeds, then the detection unit 505 records the real-time seed flow and transmits the data to the signal acquisition processor 401, the compensation unit 504 also records the real-time seed flow and transmits the data to the signal acquisition processor 401 to be compared with the data acquired by the detection unit 505, the signal acquisition processor 401 transmits the processed signal to the vehicle-mounted terminal 400, the vehicle-mounted terminal 400 judges whether the absolute value of the error exceeds the set alarm threshold value, if the flow value deviation exceeds 30 percent and lasts for 3 seconds, an alarm prompt is sent out, and if the flow value deviation does not exceed the set alarm threshold value, the operation is repeatedly executed.
The beneficial effects are that: connect connecting portion 502A and rotation portion 502B through detection component 503 to detection component 503 is made for the elasticity material, when seeding radius needs to change, turns over from top to bottom and then drives rotation portion 502B and turn over from top to bottom, and then has changed the route of the through-hole of seed, and detection unit 505 also can take place deformation along with detection component 503 overall structure deformation with the face that compensation unit 504 contacted with detection component 503 simultaneously, and then carries out effectual seed flow detection to the seeding mouth 502 of different angles, the effectual maize seeder flow detection alarm device application scope that has improved.
Example two
Although the deformation of the whole structure of the detecting component 503 can drive the surface of the detecting unit 505, the compensating unit 504 and the detecting component 503 to deform, the angle between the detecting unit 505 and the compensating unit 504 and the vertical direction cannot be guaranteed to be the optimal data acquisition angle, so that the accuracy of data acquisition of the detecting component 503 and the timeliness of the alarm device are affected, and therefore, the first embodiment is further improved.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the cross sections of the detecting component 503 and the sowing port 502 are in an arc shape that bends downwards in the initial state, and the maximum degree of bending upwards of the rotating part 502B is the greatest degree when the rotating part 502B and the connecting part 502A are in a horizontal line;
an adjusting airbag 506 is fixedly connected between the adjacent compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505;
the adjusting air bags 506 are in telecommunication connection with the vehicle-mounted terminal 400, and the air pumps are externally connected with the adjusting air bags 506.
When the sowing radius needs to be enlarged, the controller controls the detection assembly 503 to drive the rotation part 502B to rise or descend, so that the flying path of seeds in the sowing port 502 can change along with the change of the pitching angle of the rotation part 502B, then the controller controls the external air pump to charge air into the adjusting air bag 506 to expand the adjusting air bag 506, and the expanded adjusting air bag 506 enables the included angle between the detection unit 505 and the compensation unit 504 and the vertical direction to be always kept at about 30 degrees, so that the flow detection capability of the detection assembly 503 on corn seeds is always kept in a stable state, the data integrity and accuracy collected by the flow detection alarm device of the corn sowing machine are improved, and meanwhile, the suitability of the sowing machine to different working environments is also improved.
Example III
When the detecting unit 505, the compensating unit 504 and the detecting unit 505 are arranged in a horizontal line or in a vertical direction, the included angle between the detecting unit 505 and the vertical direction can be 90 degrees or 0 degrees, and at the moment, the data generated by the impact of seeds on the detecting unit can be very inaccurate, so that the sowing efficiency of the sowing machine is affected, and the third embodiment is further improved.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the detection component 503 is fixedly connected with a approaching air bag 507, and the approaching air bag 507 is positioned at one side of the detection component 503 away from the seed through hole of the seeding opening 502;
the approaching air bag 507 is externally connected with an air pump;
a rubber deformation layer is arranged at the contact part of the detection component 503 and the approaching air bag 507, and paraffin is injected into the rubber deformation layer;
the detection component 503 is fixedly connected with a heating wire, paraffin in the rubber deformation layer can be heated by the heating wire to soften the paraffin and the approaching air bag 507 is matched with an air pump to enter air so as to approach the lower wall of the through hole.
When the detection unit 505 and the compensation unit 504, the detection unit 505 are vertically arranged in a horizontal line or in a vertical mode, the included angle between the detection unit 505 and the vertical direction can be 90 degrees or 0 degrees, the detection unit 505 is enabled to be subjected to small seed impact force and not easy to detect, the detection unit 505 is enabled to be subjected to large impact force due to the fact that the included angle is too small, the air pump is controlled to be inflated to the air inlet of the approaching air bag 507 through the terminal in a vehicle-mounted mode, meanwhile, the heating wire heats paraffin in the rubber deformation layer to enable the paraffin to be softened and deformed, and then all the compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505 are enabled to be close to the lower wall of the through hole and further increase the contact area with seeds, and meanwhile, the angle adjustment of the expansion of the compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505 is matched with the adjustment air bag 506, so that the compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505 are always kept at a good inclined angle for absorbing seed impact, and the solidified paraffin can also enable the compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505 to be enabled to be subjected to a supporting force to the seeding unit 505, the effect of the approaching air bag 507 is avoided, the influence of the stress deformation when the seeds impact the compensation unit 504 and the detection unit 505 on the seeding unit is further, the data of the maize is further improved, the accuracy of the data in the critical state of the detector is improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A flow detection alarm device of a pneumatic conveying type corn planter comprises a speed sensor (300), a vehicle-mounted terminal (400), a signal acquisition processor (401) and a receiving device (500);
the receiving device (500) is used for detecting corn flow, the signal acquisition processor (401) is electrically connected with the receiving device (500), the signal acquisition processor (401) is used for processing signals of the receiving device (500), the signal acquisition processor (401) is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted terminal (400) and transmits signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal (400) to compare with set signals, and alarm signals are sent out timely;
the receiving device (500) is characterized by comprising a flow sensor (501), a seeding port (502), a detection component (503), a compensation unit (504) and a detection unit (505);
the side wall of the flow sensor (501) is fixedly connected with a plurality of seeding openings (502) at equal intervals;
the sowing port (502) comprises a connecting part (502A) and a rotating part (502B);
the section of the connecting part (502A) is semicircular, and one end of the connecting part (502A) is fixedly connected with the flow sensor (501);
the other end of the connecting part (502A) is fixedly connected with the detecting component (503), and the detecting component (503) is made of elastic materials;
one end of the detection component (503) far away from the connecting part (502A) is fixedly connected with the rotating part (502B);
the connecting part (502A) is communicated with the detecting component (503) and the rotating part (502B);
one side of the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection component (503) close to the connecting part (502A) is fixedly connected with a plurality of compensation units (504);
the upper wall of the inner cavity of the detection assembly (503) is fixedly connected with a plurality of detection units (505);
the compensation unit (504) is located between the connection portion (502A) and the detection unit (505).
2. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the adjacent compensation units (504) and the detection units (505) are fixedly connected with an adjusting air bag (506);
the plurality of adjusting air bags (506) are in telecommunication connection with the vehicle-mounted terminal (400), and the plurality of adjusting air bags (506) are externally connected with an air pump.
3. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the section of the detection assembly (503) and the section of the planter opening (502) are in a downward bending arc shape in an initial state, and the maximum degree of upward bending of the rotation part (502B) is achieved when the rotation part (502B) and the connection part (502A) are in a horizontal line;
the angle between the detection unit (505) and the compensation unit (504) and the vertical direction should be 30 degrees.
4. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the detection assembly (503) is fixedly connected with a approaching air bag (507), and the approaching air bag (507) is positioned at one side of the detection assembly (503) far from the seed through hole of the sowing port (502);
the approaching air bag (507) is externally connected with an air pump;
a rubber deformation layer is arranged at the part of the detection component (503) contacted with the approaching air bag (507), and paraffin is injected into the rubber deformation layer;
the detection component (503) is fixedly connected with a heating wire, paraffin in the rubber deformation layer can be heated by the heating wire to be softened, and the paraffin is matched with an air pump to charge air to the approaching air bag (507) so as to approach the lower wall of the through hole.
5. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the detection assembly (503) adopts a constant cross-sectional area design with a passage formed by a connecting part (502A) and a rotating part (502B), so that more stable conveying of air flow and seeds is facilitated;
the seeding opening (502) is made of a deformable metal material, and the shape of the rotating part (502B) is the same as that of the connecting part (502A);
the detection component (503) can be bent and adjusted according to requirements so as to drive the rotating part (502B) to turn up and down.
6. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn drill according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit (505) and the compensation unit (504) have the same structure, and are composed of an impact plate, piezoelectric ceramics, a damping element and a tuning mass block, wherein a piezoelectric ceramic lead-out signal wire is connected with a signal processing circuit of a signal acquisition processor (401), the impact plate is used for bearing vibration generated by seed impact and protecting the piezoelectric ceramics from being damaged by direct impact, the piezoelectric ceramics are used for detecting vibration signals of the impact plate, and the damping element and the tuning mass block are used for forming the tuning mass damper to absorb vibration energy and accelerate signal attenuation.
7. A pneumatic conveying corn planter flow detection and alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a speed sensor (300) and a vehicle body (100);
the speed sensor (300) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the vehicle body (100), and the speed sensor (300) is used for measuring the real-time speed of the vehicle body (100) in advancing and transmitting the recorded real-time speed to the vehicle-mounted terminal (400).
8. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 7 is characterized in that the top of the car body (100) is fixedly connected with a material groove (200), and the material groove (200) is fixedly connected with a spray pipe (201);
the other end of the spray pipe (201) is communicated with a plurality of sowing holes (502).
9. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted terminal (400) is provided with a plugging detection software, the set real-time seeding quantity can be converted by using the received real-time speed information and the set planting density, and then the seeding quantity is compared with the received real-time flow information to obtain the seeding qualification rate, and if the seeding qualification rate meets the alarm condition, the plugging alarm is carried out;
setting the flow deviation to be more than 30%, and alarming after the time is more than 3 seconds.
10. The flow detection alarm device of the pneumatic conveying corn planter according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition processor (401) comprises a multi-channel signal processing circuit, a microprocessor and a CAN bus communication module;
the signal processing circuit of each path comprises a differential amplifying circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a charge amplifying circuit, an envelope detection circuit and a Schmitt trigger;
the two input end signals of the differential amplifying circuit are respectively a detection signal of the detection unit (505) and a compensation signal of the compensation unit (504), and the differential amplifying circuit is used for suppressing interference signals after differential processing of the detection signal and the compensation signal;
the band-pass filter circuit only allows the vibration frequency caused by seed impact to pass through and is used for further restraining other clutter interference signals;
the charge amplifying circuit is used for amplifying weak signals;
the envelope detection circuit is used for converting the amplified multimodal damping oscillation signal into a single peak value signal;
the schmitt trigger is used for comparing the analog signal with the reference voltage and then outputting a pulse signal, false triggering caused by a noise signal can be avoided, and the sensitivity of the sensor can be changed by adjusting the variable resistor.
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