CN117489317A - Mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117489317A CN117489317A CN202311856095.2A CN202311856095A CN117489317A CN 117489317 A CN117489317 A CN 117489317A CN 202311856095 A CN202311856095 A CN 202311856095A CN 117489317 A CN117489317 A CN 117489317A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 266
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 267
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2605—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using gas or liquefied gas
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/70—Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation experiment device and a simulation experiment method for a mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid, wherein the simulation experiment device comprises the following components: a visual simulation shaft is provided with a visual transparent window, and a simulation perforation is formed in the wall of the visual simulation shaft; a visual simulated fracture having a visual transparent window, the visual simulated fracture in communication with a simulated perforation of a visual simulated wellbore; the pumping system is communicated with the visual simulation shaft; the liquid storage tank is communicated with the pumping system; and pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the liquid storage tank into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the pumping system, and visually monitoring the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid through the visual transparent window. The mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device can be used for carrying out physical simulation experiments on carbon dioxide fracturing fluid state change and sand carrying conditions, and provides more real and reliable theoretical guidance for carbon dioxide fracturing in construction sites.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device and method.
Background
The development of conventional oil and gas reservoirs cannot meet the production requirements of the modern society, but the current China confirms that the available unconventional oil and gas reservoirs are mostly distributed in northwest regions with scarce water resources. Therefore, when the reservoir yield of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is improved, the hydraulic fracturing technology with higher requirements on water resources makes the development cost of the oil and gas fields high, and the water resources are easy to waste. Based on this, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluids with high density, low surface tension, high diffusion coefficient have been studied and used.
However, because the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing fluid has low viscosity, sand carrying performance is poor, the supercritical carbon dioxide changes phase state under different conditions, and under specific conditions, liquid carbon dioxide can be converted into solid carbon dioxide, so that crack flow conductivity is reduced, and reservoir transformation effect is poor. Therefore, before carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is put into a reservoir stimulation modification application, it is necessary to study the phase change and sand carrying conditions in the well bore and the fracture. At present, for the research of the sand carrying performance of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid, a high-pressure static sand suspension system is generally used for exploring the sedimentation rule of propping agent particles in the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid system, but the experimental method cannot be used for researching the sand carrying and sand spreading rule of propping agent carried by the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid. However, simulation experiments for researching the phase change condition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the fracture are rarely proposed, even if the proposed simulation experiments have larger differences from the conditions of the construction site due to too many assumption conditions in the experimental process, the referenceability of experimental results is not high.
In addition, the existing scientific researchers invented an indoor small visual simulation device for carrying sand and paving sand for the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid, but the size is limited, the simulated conditions are very limited, and the difference between the simulated conditions and the actual conditions of the oil well construction site is large, so that the referential of experimental results is greatly reduced.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a mining-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device and method, which can realize physical simulation experiments of carbon dioxide fracturing fluid phase change and sand carrying conditions and provide reliability theoretical support for site construction.
Specifically, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a mine-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, comprising:
the visual simulation well bore is provided with a visual transparent window, and a simulated perforation is formed in the wall of the visual simulation well bore;
a visual simulated fracture having a visual transparent window, the visual simulated fracture in communication with a simulated perforation of a visual simulated wellbore;
the pumping system is communicated with the visual simulation shaft;
the liquid storage tank is communicated with the pumping system;
and pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the liquid storage tank into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the pumping system, and visually monitoring the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid through the visual transparent window.
As an optional implementation mode of the invention, the visual simulation shaft comprises a simulation cylinder body and visual transparent bodies, wherein the cylinder wall of the simulation cylinder body is provided with at least two openings which are arranged oppositely at intervals of preset intervals, and the visual transparent bodies are respectively and hermetically arranged on the openings to form visual transparent windows.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the visual simulation crack comprises a concrete crack body, a visual transparent body, a packaging shell and a stress loading device;
the concrete crack body is prepared through a pouring process, the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body are formed into an integrated structure through pouring, and at least two opposite visual transparent bodies are arranged at intervals of the concrete crack body with preset intervals;
the packaging shell is packaged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body, the inner wall of the packaging shell is attached to the outer wall of the concrete crack body, and an observation window is formed in the packaging shell corresponding to the visual transparent body;
the stress loading device acts on the outer wall of the packaging shell and is used for loading stress to the concrete crack body.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the stress loading means includes a clamp which is clamped to both opposite side walls of the package case, and a high-strength bolt which is installed to the clamp and applies stress to the package case by adjusting the high-strength bolt.
As an optional implementation mode of the invention, the mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device comprises a heat preservation and insulation assembly, wherein the heat preservation and insulation assembly is coated on the peripheral wall of a visual simulation shaft; the outer peripheral wall of the integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body is coated with the heat preservation and insulation assembly; the heat preservation and insulation assembly avoids the visual transparent body; the temperature required by the experiment is provided for the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the heat preservation and insulation assembly, and the reservoir temperature environment is simulated.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the heat preservation and heat insulation assembly comprises a heating resistance wire, a soaking material layer, a heat insulation material layer and a heat insulation material layer, wherein the heating resistance wire is wound on the outer wall of the simulation cylinder or the outer wall of the concrete crack body, the soaking material layer coats the heating resistance wire, the heat insulation material layer coats the soaking material layer, and the heat insulation material layer coats the heat insulation material layer.
As an optional implementation mode of the invention, the mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device comprises an image acquisition system, wherein the image acquisition system comprises an X-ray detector, a CT image conversion station and a computer terminal, and a plurality of the X-ray detectors are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack and correspond to the visual transparent window; each X-ray detector is respectively connected with a CT image conversion station in a communication way, and the CT image conversion station is connected with a computer terminal in a communication way.
The invention also provides a simulation experiment method using the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a visual simulation shaft and a visual simulation crack according to experimental requirements;
the liquid storage tank, the pumping system and the visual simulation shaft are sequentially connected through a transfusion pipeline;
pumping low-discharge clean water through a pumping system, and detecting tightness;
after the tightness detection is passed, the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the liquid storage tank is pumped into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the pumping system, and the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is visually monitored through the visual transparent window.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in the method for simulating a mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to the present invention, the preparing a visual simulated wellbore and a visual simulated fracture according to the experimental requirements includes:
selecting a simulation cylinder according to experimental requirements, arranging at least two openings which are oppositely arranged on the cylinder wall of the simulation cylinder at intervals, and sealing and installing a visual transparent body on the openings;
a simulated perforation is formed on the wall of the simulated cylinder, and a simulated crack pouring die is connected to the simulated perforation position of the simulated cylinder;
uniformly arranging the visual transparent bodies in the simulated crack pouring die in opposite directions at preset intervals, pouring concrete into the simulated crack pouring die for pouring, and forming a concrete crack body connected with the visual transparent bodies into a whole;
respectively coating heat insulation components on the outer peripheral walls of the simulation cylinder body and the concrete crack body;
a packaging shell is additionally arranged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body, and a stress loading device is arranged on the outer wall of the packaging shell;
and carrying out stress loading on the concrete crack body through a stress loading device, providing the temperature required by experiments for the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through a heat preservation and insulation assembly, simulating the reservoir temperature environment, pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the fluid storage tank into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through a pumping system, and carrying out a carbon dioxide fracturing fluid fracturing simulation experiment.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, in the method for simulating and testing a carbon dioxide fracturing fluid at a mine site, the visually monitoring the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid through the visual transparent window includes:
observing and recording sand carrying conditions and propping agent laying conditions of the visual simulation well bore and the visual simulation carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the fracture through the visual transparent window;
and monitoring and recording the phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulated fracture through the visual transparent window.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, visual monitoring of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the simulated fracturing process can be achieved through the visual simulation shaft and the visual transparent window on the visual simulation fracture, sand carrying conditions and propping agent laying conditions of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation fracture are observed and recorded, and phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulation fracture is monitored and recorded. Therefore, the mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device can be used for carrying out physical simulation experiments on carbon dioxide fracturing fluid state change and sand carrying conditions, and provides more real and reliable theoretical guidance for carbon dioxide fracturing on a construction site.
According to the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, hundred-meter-level visual simulation wellbores are prepared by using real sleeves on a construction site; preparing a visual simulation crack communicated with the visual simulation shaft through concrete pouring; simulating the reservoir temperature by using a heat preservation and insulation assembly laid on the outer wall of the visual simulation well bore and the visual simulation crack; storing and collecting liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide through a high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank; the method comprises the steps of heating and pressurizing liquid carbon dioxide from a high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank by using a temperature and pressure control device, pumping the liquid carbon dioxide into a visual simulation shaft by using a fracturing pump truck, and carrying out real-time monitoring and recording on the phase change, sand carrying condition, proppant migration condition and the like of the liquid carbon dioxide in the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through visual transparent bodies and image acquisition systems arranged on the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack wall surface, so as to summarize the sand carrying performance of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid. Therefore, the device for simulating the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid provided by the invention selects equipment on a construction site as far as possible for experiment, and has larger physical simulation experiment scale of visually simulating a shaft and visually simulating cracks, is closer to the actual reservoir scale on site, and the obtained experimental data is more accurate and reliable.
According to the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment method, the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device is used for realizing physical simulation experiments of carbon dioxide fracturing fluid state change and sand carrying conditions, the reliability of the obtained experiment results is high, and more true and reliable theoretical guidance is provided for carbon dioxide fracturing in a construction site.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a visually simulated wellbore according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a visually simulated wellbore in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention visualizing simulated fracture;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a visual simulated fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a visual simulated wellbore casing insulation assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a process flow diagram of a method for simulating an experiment of a mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, such terms are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, a mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device of the embodiment includes:
a visual simulation shaft 500, wherein the visual simulation shaft 500 is provided with a visual transparent window 1000, and a simulation perforation is formed on the wall of the visual simulation shaft 500;
a visual simulated fracture 1100, the visual simulated fracture 1100 having a visual transparent window 1000, the visual simulated fracture 1100 in communication with a simulated perforation of the visual simulated wellbore 500;
a pumping system in communication with the visual simulation wellbore 500;
a liquid storage tank 100 in communication with the pumping system;
the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 stored in the liquid storage tank 100 is pumped into the visual simulation wellbore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 through the pumping system, and the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 is visually monitored through the visual transparent window 1000.
According to the mine site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, visual monitoring of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the simulated fracturing process can be achieved through the visual simulation wellbore 500 and the visual transparent window 1000 on the visual simulation fracture 1100, sand carrying conditions and propping agent laying conditions of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the visual simulation wellbore 500 and the visual simulation fracture 1100 are observed and recorded, and phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the visual simulation fracture 1100 is monitored and recorded.
Therefore, the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device can perform physical simulation experiments of the phase change and sand carrying condition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800, and provides more real and reliable theoretical guidance for carbon dioxide fracturing in a construction site.
As an alternative implementation manner of the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the visual simulation wellbore 500 of the present embodiment includes a simulation wellbore 501 and visual transparent bodies 1001, at least two openings are formed on a wall of the simulation wellbore 501 at intervals of a preset distance, and the visual transparent bodies 1001 are respectively and hermetically mounted on the openings to form visual transparent windows 1000.
Specifically, in order to simulate the conditions of the construction site as much as possible, the simulation cylinder 501 of the present embodiment selects the same real sleeve as the construction site, and intercepts or splices the real sleeve according to the experimental requirements to obtain the simulation cylinder 501. The visual transparent body 1001 of this embodiment adopts transparent sapphire glass, marks the simulation cylinder 501 at intervals of preset intervals, and uses the resin adhesive 1600 to equidistantly arrange the transparent sapphire glass on the wall of the simulation cylinder 501, and places the transparent sapphire glass until the transparent sapphire glass is completely fixed on the wall of the simulation cylinder 501.
As an alternative implementation of the present embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the visual simulation crack 1100 described in the present embodiment includes a concrete crack body 1101, a visual transparent body 1001, a package housing 1103, and a stress loading device 1500; the concrete crack 1101 is prepared by a casting process, the visual transparent body 1001 and the concrete crack 1101 are formed into an integrated structure by casting, and at least two opposite visual transparent bodies 1001 are arranged at intervals of the concrete crack 1101 with preset intervals; the packaging shell 1103 is packaged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body 1001 and the concrete crack 1101, the inner wall of the packaging shell 1103 is attached to the outer wall of the concrete crack 1101, and an observation window is formed on the packaging shell 1103 corresponding to the visual transparent body 1001; the stress loading device 1500 acts on the outer wall of the package housing 1103 to perform stress loading on the concrete crack 1101.
In the embodiment, the visual simulation crack 1100 with the visual transparent body 1001 is formed through concrete pouring, the diversion chamber 1102 is arranged in the visual simulation crack 1100, and the phase change state of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the diversion chamber 1102 can be monitored and recorded through the visual transparent body 1001; stress loading may be achieved by the package housing 1103 and the stress loading device 1500, simulating formation stress.
As an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, the stress loading device 1500 in this embodiment includes a clamp and a high-strength bolt, the clamp is clamped on two opposite side walls of the package housing 1103, the high-strength bolt is installed on the clamp, and the high-strength bolt is adjusted to apply stress of 5-50MPa to the package housing 1103, so that the real stress environment of the reservoir is reduced, and the physical simulation experimental result is more in line with the actual situation.
Further, the device for simulating and testing the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid of the embodiment comprises a heat preservation and insulation assembly 900, wherein the heat preservation and insulation assembly 900 is coated on the peripheral wall of the visual simulation shaft 500; the outer peripheral wall of the integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body 1001 and the concrete crack 1101 is coated with the heat preservation and insulation assembly 900; the heat preservation and insulation assembly 900 avoids the visual transparent body 1001; the thermal insulation assembly 900 is used for providing the temperature required by the experiment for the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100, simulating the reservoir temperature environment, effectively solving the problem that the reservoir temperature environment is difficult to simulate outdoors, and enabling the physical simulation experiment result to be more accurate compared with the indoor experiment.
As an alternative implementation manner of this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, a heat insulation assembly 900 of this embodiment includes a heating resistance wire 901 and a heat insulation layer 902, where the heat insulation layer specifically includes a soaking material layer, a heat insulation material layer and a heat insulation material layer, the heating resistance wire 901 is wound on an outer wall of the simulation cylinder or an outer wall of the concrete crack body, the soaking material layer coats the heating resistance wire, the heat insulation material layer coats the soaking material layer, and the heat insulation material layer coats the heat insulation material layer.
Specifically, the soaking material layer in this embodiment is made of asbestos net, the heat insulating material layer is made of heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material layer is made of heat insulating material.
Referring to fig. 1, the experimental device for simulating the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the mine field of the present embodiment includes an image acquisition system, where the image acquisition system includes an X-ray detector 1400, a CT image conversion station 1300 and a computer terminal 1200, and a plurality of the X-ray detectors 1400 are respectively disposed on the outer sides of the visual simulated wellbore 500 and the visual simulated fracture 1100 and are disposed corresponding to the visual transparent window 1000; each X-ray detector 1400 is communicatively coupled to a CT image conversion station 1300, the CT image conversion station 1300 being communicatively coupled to a computer terminal 1200. The mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device can realize image acquisition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 through the image acquisition system, and monitors and records sand carrying condition, proppant laying condition and phase change condition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in real time.
Referring to fig. 1, in the experimental device for simulating a mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in this embodiment, the pumping system includes a fracturing pump truck 600 and a temperature and pressure control device 700, a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 100 is communicated with a liquid inlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 through a liquid delivery pipeline 200, and a liquid outlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 is communicated with the fracturing pump truck 600 through the liquid delivery pipeline 200. After the temperature and pressure control device 700 is started to reach the preset temperature, a valve of the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 is opened, the fracturing pump truck 600 is opened, carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is pumped into the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 according to experimental requirements, and meanwhile, an image acquisition system is started to perform visual monitoring record of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid.
Further, the experimental device for simulating the mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the embodiment comprises a temperature control device 400, wherein the temperature control device 400 is electrically connected with a heating resistance wire 901 of a heat preservation and insulation assembly 900 and is used for controlling the heating temperature.
The fracturing fluid outlet of the visual simulation wellbore 500 of this embodiment is communicated with the liquid storage tank 100 through the infusion line 200, the section of the infusion line is provided with the first control valve 301, the fracturing fluid outlet of the visual simulation fracture 1100 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 100 through the infusion line 200, and the section of the infusion line is provided with the second control valve 302 for realizing recovery of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid.
In summary, the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device prepares the hundred-meter-level visual simulation shaft 500 by using the real sleeve on the construction site; preparing a visual simulation crack 1100 communicated with the visual simulation wellbore 500 through concrete pouring; reservoir temperature is simulated with the thermal insulation assembly 900 laid on the outer wall of the visual simulated wellbore 500 and visual simulated fracture 1100; liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide is stored and collected by a high temperature high pressure liquid storage tank 100; the liquid carbon dioxide from the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 is heated and pressurized by the temperature and pressure control device 700, pumped into the visual simulation shaft 500 by the fracturing pump truck 600, and real-time monitoring and recording are carried out on the phase change, sand carrying condition, proppant migration condition and the like of the liquid carbon dioxide in the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 through the visual transparent body 1001 and the image acquisition system which are arranged on the wall surfaces of the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100, so that the sand carrying performance of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is summarized.
According to the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, equipment on a construction site is selected as much as possible for experiment, physical simulation experiment dimensions of the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 are larger, the physical simulation experiment device is closer to the actual reservoir dimensions on the site, and the obtained experiment data are more accurate and reliable.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the embodiment also provides a simulation experiment method by using the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a visual simulation wellbore 500 and a visual simulation fracture 1100 according to experimental requirements;
sequentially connecting the liquid storage tank 100, the pumping system and the visual simulation shaft 500 through an infusion pipeline 200;
pumping low-discharge clean water through a pumping system, and detecting tightness;
after the tightness detection is passed, the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 stored in the liquid storage tank 100 is pumped into the visual simulation wellbore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 through the pumping system, and the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 is visually monitored through the visual transparent window 1000.
According to the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment method, visual monitoring of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the simulated fracturing process can be achieved through the visual transparent windows 1000 on the visual simulated well bore 500 and the visual simulated fracture 1100, sand carrying conditions and propping agent laying conditions of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the visual simulated well bore 500 and the visual simulated fracture 1100 are observed and recorded, and phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the visual simulated fracture 1100 is monitored and recorded.
Therefore, the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment method can be used for carrying out the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 phase change and sand carrying condition physical simulation experiment, and provides more true and reliable theoretical guidance for carbon dioxide fracturing in a construction site.
Further, in the method for simulating the experiment of the mine-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid according to the embodiment, the preparing the visual simulated wellbore 500 and the visual simulated fracture 1100 according to the experimental requirements includes:
selecting a simulation cylinder 501 according to experimental requirements, arranging at least two openings which are oppositely arranged on the cylinder wall of the simulation cylinder 501 at preset intervals, and sealing and installing a visual transparent body 1001 on the openings;
a simulated perforation is formed on the wall of the simulated cylinder 501, and a simulated crack pouring die is connected to the simulated perforation position of the simulated cylinder 501 for communication;
the visual transparent bodies 1001 are oppositely and uniformly arranged in the simulated crack pouring mould at intervals of a preset interval, concrete is poured into the simulated crack pouring mould for pouring, and a concrete crack 1101 integrally connected with the visual transparent bodies 1001 is formed;
the outer peripheral walls of the simulation cylinder 501 and the concrete crack 1101 are respectively coated with a heat insulation assembly 900;
a packaging shell 1103 is additionally arranged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body 1001 and the concrete crack 1101, and a stress loading device 1500 is arranged on the outer wall of the packaging shell 1103;
and the stress loading device 1500 is used for loading stress to the concrete fracture body 1101, the thermal insulation assembly 900 is used for providing the temperature required by the experiment for the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation fracture 1100, simulating the reservoir temperature environment, and the pumping system is used for pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 stored in the liquid storage tank 100 into the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation fracture 1100 to perform the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 fracturing simulation experiment.
According to the method for simulating the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid at the mine site, fracturing simulation of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 is achieved through the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100, stratum stress is simulated through the stress loading device 1500, the reservoir temperature environment is simulated through the heat preservation and insulation assembly 900, and according to the similarity principle of the experiment, the experimental conditions of the embodiment are closer to the field conditions, and the obtained experimental results are instructive for the construction site.
In the experimental method for simulating the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid at the mine site level, the visual monitoring of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 through the visual transparent window 1000 includes:
observing and recording sand carrying conditions and proppant laying conditions of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 in the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 through the visual transparent window 1000;
the phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 within the visually simulated fracture 1100 is monitored and recorded through the visual transparent window 1000.
According to the mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment method, the physical simulation experiment of the phase change and sand carrying condition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 is realized, the reliability of the obtained experiment result is high, and more true and reliable theoretical guidance is provided for carbon dioxide fracturing in a construction site.
Specifically, the method for simulating and testing the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Arranging an outdoor experiment site, and intercepting a real sleeve with a certain length according to experiment requirements to serve as an analog cylinder 501;
(2) Marking the intercepted sleeve, equidistantly arranging transparent sapphire glass on the wall of the sleeve by using a resin adhesive 1600, and placing until the transparent glass is completely fixed on the wall of the sleeve;
(3) Firstly covering a layer of heat insulation protective film on the outer side of the wall of the sleeve on the basis of the step (2), uniformly winding a layer of heating resistance wire 901 on the outer side of the wall, and sequentially covering a soaking material layer, a heat insulation material layer and a heat insulation material layer on the outer side of the heating resistance wire 901 to finish the preparation of the visual simulation shaft 500;
(4) Marking a certain position to be perforated of the visual simulation shaft 500 by combining the visual simulation shaft 500 prepared in the step (3), and manufacturing a simulated crack pouring die at the marked position;
(5) Pouring the fully stirred concrete into a prepared simulated crack pouring die, and removing the simulated crack pouring die after the concrete is completely solidified to prepare a visual simulated crack 1100;
(6) The outlet of the fracturing pump truck 600 is connected with the inlet of the visual simulation well bore 500 through the infusion line 200; connecting an outlet of the visual simulation shaft 500, an outlet of the visual simulation crack 1100 and an inlet of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100, and respectively adding valves on the two sections of infusion pipelines;
(7) The outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 is connected with the inlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 by using the infusion pipeline 200, and the outlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 is connected with the inlet of the fracturing pump truck 600;
(8) Simulating two sides of a crack by adding a device into a high-resolution X-ray three-dimensional detection system (an image acquisition system);
(9) Opening the fracturing pump truck 200, keeping the temperature and pressure control device 700 and the temperature control device 400 closed, keeping the first control valve 301 and the second control valve 302 open, pumping low-discharge clean water into the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100, checking the joint and the device tightness, and completing the debugging of the high-resolution X-ray three-position detection system;
(10) After the tightness inspection of the device is finished, closing the fracturing pump truck 200, opening the temperature control device 400, opening a valve of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 after the preset temperature is reached, opening the fracturing pump truck 200, opening a high-resolution X-ray three-dimensional detection system, and pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 into the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 according to experimental requirements;
(11) The visual simulation well bore 500, the visual simulation crack 1100, the sand carrying condition of the fracturing fluid and the laying condition of the propping agent are observed and recorded through transparent sapphire glass, and the phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulation crack 1100 is monitored and recorded through a high-resolution X-ray three-dimensional detection system, so that a simulation experiment is completed.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-7, the embodiment provides a specific example of a method for simulating and testing a mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, arranging an experimental site, intercepting and splicing a 200m long visual simulation shaft 500 by adopting a petroleum engineering site real sleeve according to experimental requirements, and riveting the prepared visual simulation shaft 500 on the ground by utilizing a steel bracket.
And marking the transparent sapphire glass mounting positions on the opposite sides of the outer wall of the visual simulation shaft 500 by using a marker pen at intervals of 5m, replacing the original position sleeve by using the transparent sapphire glass, and sealing the joint of the transparent sapphire glass and the sleeve by using a resin adhesive 1600.
According to experimental requirements, manufacturing a simulated crack pouring die with the length of 100m, the height of 30cm and the width of 50cm by using transparent sapphire glass, a wood plate and a steel plate, wherein the transparent sapphire glass is evenly distributed on the side walls of two long sides of the die in opposite directions at intervals of 2.5 m; the simulated crack diversion chamber 1102 is laid by using a heat insulation protective film, a glass extending hole is reserved when the heat insulation protective film passes through the transparent sapphire glass, and the heat insulation protective film is tightly attached to the transparent sapphire glass by using a resin adhesive; and connecting the simulated perforation position of the visual simulated well bore 500 with the simulated fracture mold, so that the simulated fracture casting mold is manufactured. And uniformly stirring the concrete, pouring the concrete into a simulated crack pouring die, curing the simulated crack cement body, and removing the simulated crack pouring die after curing is finished to prepare the visual simulated crack 1100.
On the basis of the steps, the thermal insulation assembly 900 is additionally arranged on the outer wall of the prepared visual simulation shaft 500 and the outer wall of the visual simulation crack 1100, firstly, a layer of heating resistance wires 901 are uniformly wound on the outer wall of the visual simulation shaft 500 and the outer wall of the visual simulation crack 1100, then the wound heating resistance wires 901 are wrapped by asbestos meshes, a layer of thermal insulation material layer is covered on the outer side of the thermal insulation material layer, finally, the thermal insulation material layer is wrapped by a thermal insulation protection film, and finally, the thermal insulation assembly 900 of the visual simulation shaft 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 is manufactured.
After the preparation of the heat preservation and insulation assembly 900 is completed, a steel plate is tightly attached to the outer wall of the concrete crack 1101 by using a resin adhesive, the steel plate is welded and enclosed to form a packaging shell 1103, the steel plate attached to the outer wall of the long side of the concrete crack 1101 is subjected to treatment of reserved holes of transparent sapphire glass, and then U-shaped clips are additionally arranged between the transparent sapphire glass on the outer side of the steel plate.
Through the steps, the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100 are prepared, and on the basis, the liquid outlet of the fracturing pump truck 600 is connected with the liquid inlet of the visual simulation well bore 500 in a sealing way through the infusion pipeline 200; the liquid outlet of the visual simulation shaft 500 is connected with the liquid inlet of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 in a sealing way through the infusion pipeline 200 and the first control valve 301; the liquid outlet of the visual simulation crack 1100 is connected with the liquid inlet of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 in a sealing way through the infusion pipeline 200 and the second control valve 302; the liquid outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 is hermetically connected with the liquid inlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 through a liquid delivery pipeline 200; the liquid outlet of the temperature and pressure control device 700 is connected with the liquid inlet of the fracturing pump truck 600 in a sealing way, and the X-ray detector 1400, the CT image conversion station 1300 and the computer terminal 1200 are additionally arranged on two sides of the visual simulation crack 1100.
After connection is completed, performing leakage detection on the device, checking whether the connection positions are fastened, after the checking is completed, injecting 10m of clear water into the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100, fastening the U-shaped clamp by using a torque wrench, presetting stress of 1MPa on the visual simulation crack 1100, opening the first control valve 301 and the second control valve 302, opening the device valves, keeping a temperature pressure control module in the temperature pressure control device 700 closed, opening the fracturing pump truck 600, observing whether liquid leakage exists at the connection positions of the devices, and if no liquid leakage exists, ensuring that the device connection tightness is good; if leakage occurs, the experimental equipment is closed, the leakage is repaired, and the leakage detection work is repeated until the leakage does not occur any more.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a specific example of a method for simulating and testing a mining-site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid, which includes the following steps:
closing valves of all equipment, injecting prepared carbon dioxide fracturing fluid 800 into a high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100, keeping the valves of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 closed, fastening a U-shaped clamp to apply 5MPa stress to a visual simulation crack 1100 through a torque wrench, then opening a temperature and pressure control module of a temperature and pressure control device 700, preheating for 5-10min, opening liquid outlet valves of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid storage tank 100 after the experimental requirements of 90 ℃ and 30MPa are met, opening liquid inlet and liquid outlet valves of the temperature and pressure control device 700, opening valves on a fracturing pump truck 600 and a liquid delivery pipeline 200, enabling the fracturing pump truck 600 to inject carbon dioxide fracturing fluid containing propping agents with a displacement pump of 2 m/min, adjusting the stress of the visual simulation crack 1100 to 20MPa when the transparent sapphire glass on the side wall of the visual simulation crack 1100 is observed, and increasing the pumping capacity of the fracturing pump truck 600 to 4 m m/min; the sand carrying condition of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is observed and recorded through the transparent sapphire glass on the visual simulation well bore 500 and the visual simulation crack 1100, and the phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulation crack 1100 is monitored and recorded through the high-resolution X-ray three-dimensional detection system, so that the simulation experiment of the mine-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid phase change and the sand carrying condition is completed.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mining site level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device which characterized in that includes:
the visual simulation well bore is provided with a visual transparent window, and a simulated perforation is formed in the wall of the visual simulation well bore;
a visual simulated fracture having a visual transparent window, the visual simulated fracture in communication with a simulated perforation of a visual simulated wellbore;
the pumping system is communicated with the visual simulation shaft;
the liquid storage tank is communicated with the pumping system;
and pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the liquid storage tank into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the pumping system, and visually monitoring the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid through the visual transparent window.
2. The mining site-level carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device is characterized in that the visual simulation shaft comprises a simulation cylinder body and visual transparent bodies, at least two openings which are oppositely arranged are formed in the cylinder wall of the simulation cylinder body at intervals of preset intervals, and the visual transparent bodies are respectively and hermetically arranged on the openings to form visual transparent windows.
3. The mining-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device according to claim 2, wherein the visual simulation fracture comprises a concrete fracture body, a visual transparent body, a packaging shell and a stress loading device;
the concrete crack body is prepared through a pouring process, the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body are formed into an integrated structure through pouring, and at least two opposite visual transparent bodies are arranged at intervals of the concrete crack body with preset intervals;
the packaging shell is packaged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body, the inner wall of the packaging shell is attached to the outer wall of the concrete crack body, and an observation window is formed in the packaging shell corresponding to the visual transparent body;
the stress loading device acts on the outer wall of the packaging shell and is used for loading stress to the concrete crack body.
4. A mining-site-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device according to claim 3, wherein the stress loading device comprises a clamp and high-strength bolts, the clamp is clamped on two opposite side walls of the packaging shell, the high-strength bolts are installed on the clamp, and stress is applied to the packaging shell by adjusting the high-strength bolts.
5. A mine site grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device according to claim 3, comprising a thermal insulation assembly, wherein the thermal insulation assembly is coated on the peripheral wall of the visual simulation shaft; the outer peripheral wall of the integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body is coated with the heat preservation and insulation assembly; the heat preservation and insulation assembly avoids the visual transparent body; the temperature required by the experiment is provided for the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the heat preservation and insulation assembly, and the reservoir temperature environment is simulated.
6. The mining site grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device according to claim 5, wherein the heat preservation and heat insulation assembly comprises a heating resistance wire, a soaking material layer, a heat insulation material layer and a heat preservation material layer, wherein the heating resistance wire is wound on the outer wall of the simulation cylinder or the outer wall of the concrete crack body, the soaking material layer coats the heating resistance wire, the heat insulation material layer coats the soaking material layer, and the heat insulation material layer coats the heat insulation material layer.
7. The mining-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment device according to claim 1, comprising an image acquisition system, wherein the image acquisition system comprises an X-ray detector, a CT image conversion station and a computer terminal, and a plurality of the X-ray detectors are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack and correspond to the visual transparent window; each X-ray detector is respectively connected with a CT image conversion station in a communication way, and the CT image conversion station is connected with a computer terminal in a communication way.
8. A simulation experiment method of the mine-grade carbon dioxide fracturing fluid simulation experiment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
preparing a visual simulation shaft and a visual simulation crack according to experimental requirements;
the liquid storage tank, the pumping system and the visual simulation shaft are sequentially connected through a transfusion pipeline;
pumping low-discharge clean water through a pumping system, and detecting tightness;
after the tightness detection is passed, the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the liquid storage tank is pumped into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through the pumping system, and the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid is visually monitored through the visual transparent window.
9. A simulation experiment method according to claim 8, wherein the preparing the visual simulated wellbore and the visual simulated fracture according to the experiment requirements comprises:
selecting a simulation cylinder according to experimental requirements, arranging at least two openings which are oppositely arranged on the cylinder wall of the simulation cylinder at intervals, and sealing and installing a visual transparent body on the openings;
a simulated perforation is formed on the wall of the simulated cylinder, and a simulated crack pouring die is connected to the simulated perforation position of the simulated cylinder;
uniformly arranging the visual transparent bodies in the simulated crack pouring die in opposite directions at preset intervals, pouring concrete into the simulated crack pouring die for pouring, and forming a concrete crack body connected with the visual transparent bodies into a whole;
respectively coating heat insulation components on the outer peripheral walls of the simulation cylinder body and the concrete crack body;
a packaging shell is additionally arranged outside an integrated structure formed by pouring the visual transparent body and the concrete crack body, and a stress loading device is arranged on the outer wall of the packaging shell;
and carrying out stress loading on the concrete crack body through a stress loading device, providing the temperature required by experiments for the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through a heat preservation and insulation assembly, simulating the reservoir temperature environment, pumping the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid stored in the fluid storage tank into the visual simulation shaft and the visual simulation crack through a pumping system, and carrying out a carbon dioxide fracturing fluid fracturing simulation experiment.
10. A method of simulation experiments according to claim 8 wherein the visual monitoring of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid through the visual transparent window comprises:
observing and recording sand carrying conditions and propping agent laying conditions of the visual simulation well bore and the visual simulation carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the fracture through the visual transparent window;
and monitoring and recording the phase change of the carbon dioxide fracturing fluid in the visual simulated fracture through the visual transparent window.
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