CN117468876A - Pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, device, medium and equipment - Google Patents
Pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, device, medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN117468876A CN117468876A CN202311640052.0A CN202311640052A CN117468876A CN 117468876 A CN117468876 A CN 117468876A CN 202311640052 A CN202311640052 A CN 202311640052A CN 117468876 A CN117468876 A CN 117468876A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012850 discrimination method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 69
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, a device, a medium and equipment, which comprise the following steps: determining a total flow in the return line from the mass flow meter of the well return line; detecting the corresponding flow phase fractions of gas, liquid and solid in the return pipeline by utilizing the absorption rate of gamma rays; and obtaining the single flow corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the total flow and the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline. The fluid mixing density can be calculated according to this principle, due to the different absorption rates of different substances for gamma rays, the different attenuations caused by the components of the mixture. In addition, the total flow of the three-phase flow can be measured based on differential pressure, and then the single-phase flow of the drilling fluid, the gas and the drilling cuttings can be obtained by combining the gas content measured by the gamma ray flowmeter. By the improved method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and the flow stability of the pressure-controlled drilling shaft can be further known.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling of oil and gas fields, in particular to a pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method, a pressure control drilling overflow monitoring device, a pressure control drilling overflow monitoring medium and pressure control drilling overflow monitoring equipment.
Background
Pressure controlled drilling is an adaptive drilling process for precisely controlling the entire borehole annulus pressure profile, the purpose of which is to determine the downhole pressure environment limits and thereby control the borehole annulus fluid column pressure profile. The pressure control well drilling technology effectively solves the problems of easy flushing and easy leakage of well drilling and completion of the marine narrow safety density window stratum by means of closed-loop real-time monitoring and accurate control of the annular pressure of a well shaft, and simultaneously can effectively solve the problems of reservoir protection and the like of a low permeability oil-gas field.
The conventional pressure control well drilling is provided with a mass flowmeter behind a throttle valve, the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the pressure change of the well bore can be judged by monitoring the flow rates of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the flow rate of the drilling fluid out of the well bore, but the well bore return fluid contains a large amount of gas when working conditions such as after-effect gas and under-balance gas invasion of the well bore are generated, the mass flowmeter in the throttle sled cannot measure the liquid content in the return fluid, the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the pressure change of the well bore cannot be judged, the components of the return fluid cannot be determined, the source of the well bore gas cannot be determined, and the risk of the pressure control well drilling is difficult to evaluate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method, a device, a medium and equipment, which can monitor the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in a return pipeline so as to obtain the flow stability of a pressure control drilling shaft.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pressure-controlled drilling overflow monitoring method, comprising the following steps:
determining a total flow in the return line from the mass flow meter of the well return line;
detecting the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline by utilizing the absorption rate of gamma rays;
and obtaining the single flow corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the total flow and the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline.
In one embodiment:
detecting the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the following model algorithm by utilizing the absorptivity of gamma rays;
N x ＝N 0 exp[-d(α g μ g +α l μ l +α s μ s )]
α g +α l +α s ＝1
wherein: alpha g Is the gas volume fraction; alpha l Is the liquid volume fraction; alpha s Is the solid volume fraction; mu (mu) g Is the gas density; mu (mu) l Is the density of the liquid; mu (mu) s Is solid density; n (N) 0 Is the initial gamma ray energy; n (N) x Is the absorbed gamma ray energy; exp is an exponential function based on a natural constant e; d is the inner diameter of the pipe at the measurement location.
The invention also provides a pressure-controlled drilling overflow monitoring device, which is characterized in that a gamma ray flowmeter and a venturi meter are connected to a return pipeline of the pressure-controlled drilling;
the gamma ray flowmeter is used for detecting the absorption rate of substances in the return pipeline to gamma rays, and based on different absorption rates of different substances to gamma rays, the flow phase fraction of three phases in the return pipeline is obtained;
the venturi metering measures the total flow of the three-phase flow in the return line based on differential pressure;
and combining the three-phase flow phase fraction and the three-phase flow total flow to obtain three-phase single-phase flow.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor implements the steps of the pressure control drilling flow risk discrimination method mentioned in the above scheme.
The invention also provides an electronic device, comprising:
a memory and a processor;
the memory is connected with the processor and used for storing programs;
and the processor is used for realizing the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method according to the scheme by running the program in the memory.
The invention also provides a pressure control drilling flow risk judging method based on the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:
in the return line, when a gas is detected,
if the liquid displacement is consistent with the pumping displacement of the drilling fluid, judging that the shaft is in a stable flowing state;
and if the liquid displacement is larger than the pumping quantity of the drilling liquid, judging that the well bore is in the early overflow stage.
In one embodiment:
sampling and analyzing gas components in the return pipeline, and judging whether the gas is reservoir fluid or air;
if the gas component is reservoir fluid, judging that gas invasion occurs in the shaft, wherein the shaft is in an underbalanced state;
if the gas component is air, calculating the post-effect gas time, and if the time for the shaft to enter the throttle sled to be connected with the single joint is the same as the post-effect gas time, the gas is the post-effect gas caused by the single joint.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
when the invention is used for monitoring, due to the different absorption rates of different substances on gamma rays, when gamma rays pass through a mixture of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings flowing through a return pipeline, electrons and atoms in molecules of the mixture cause gamma ray attenuation, and the attenuation caused by components of the mixture are different, according to the principle, the three-phase flow phase fraction (including gas content) can be measured, and the fluid mixing density can be calculated. The venturi is a differential pressure flowmeter, and can measure the total flow of the three-phase flow based on differential pressure, and then the single-phase flow of the drilling fluid, the gas and the drilling cuttings is obtained by combining the gas content measured by the gamma ray flowmeter. By the improved method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and the flow stability of the pressure-controlled drilling shaft can be further known.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring overflow of a pressure controlled well according to an embodiment of the invention;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like as used herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
The conventional pressure control well drilling is provided with a mass flowmeter behind a throttle valve, the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the pressure change of the well bore can be judged by monitoring the flow rates of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the flow rate of the drilling fluid out of the well bore, but the well bore return fluid contains a large amount of gas when working conditions such as after-effect gas and under-balance gas invasion of the well bore are generated, the mass flowmeter in the throttle sled cannot measure the liquid content in the return fluid, the flow rate of the drilling fluid in the well bore and the pressure change of the well bore cannot be judged, the components of the return fluid cannot be determined, the source of the well bore gas cannot be determined, and the risk of the pressure control well drilling is difficult to evaluate. According to the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and then the flow stability of a pressure control drilling shaft can be obtained.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The invention relates to a pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, which comprises the following steps:
step 10: determining a total flow in the return line from the mass flow meter of the well return line;
step 20: detecting the corresponding flow phase fractions of gas, liquid and solid in the return pipeline by utilizing the absorption rate of gamma rays;
step 30: and obtaining the single flow corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the total flow and the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline.
Illustratively, when the invention is used for monitoring, due to the different absorption rates of different substances on gamma rays, when gamma rays pass through a mixture of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings flowing through a return line, electrons and atoms in molecules of the mixture cause gamma ray attenuation, and the attenuation caused by components of the mixture are different, according to the principle, the three-phase flow phase fraction (including gas content) can be measured, and the fluid mixing density can be calculated. The venturi is a differential pressure flowmeter, and can measure the total flow of the three-phase flow based on differential pressure, and then the single-phase flow of the drilling fluid, the gas and the drilling cuttings is obtained by combining the gas content measured by the gamma ray flowmeter. By the improved method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and the flow stability of the pressure-controlled drilling shaft can be further known.
In one embodiment, the absorption rate of gamma rays is used to detect the corresponding flow phase fractions of gas, liquid and solid in the return line according to the following model algorithm;
N x ＝N 0 exp[-d(α g μ g +α l μ l +α s μ s )]
α g +α l +α s ＝1
wherein: alpha g Is the gas volume fraction; alpha l Is the liquid volume fraction; alpha s Is the solid volume fraction; mu (mu) g Is of gas density Kg/m 3 ；μ l Is of liquid density Kg/m 3 ；μ s Is solid density Kg/m 3 ；N 0 Is the initial gamma ray energy; n (N) x Is the absorbed gamma ray energy; exp is an exponential function based on a natural constant e; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline at the measuring position and m.
The invention also provides a pressure control drilling flow risk judging method, which comprises the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method mentioned in the scheme, and further comprises the following steps:
in the return line, when the gas is detected to be contained,
if the liquid displacement is consistent with the pumping displacement of the drilling fluid, judging that the shaft is in a stable flowing state;
and if the liquid displacement is larger than the pumping quantity of the drilling liquid, judging that the well bore is in the early overflow stage.
Further, the method further comprises:
sampling and analyzing gas components in the return pipeline, and judging whether the gas is reservoir fluid or air;
if the gas component is reservoir fluid, judging that gas invasion occurs in the shaft, wherein the shaft is in an underbalanced state;
if the gas component is air, calculating the post-effect gas time, and if the time for the shaft to enter the throttle sled to be connected with the single joint is the same as the post-effect gas time, the gas is the post-effect gas caused by the single joint.
According to the gas content measured in the return pipeline, the change of the return flow of the drilling fluid after the well bore is discharged is obtained, and the flow stability of the well bore of the pressure control drilling well is further known. After knowing holistic state and flow stability, can conveniently follow-up pressure regulating to the well drilling, in addition, the pit shaft is given vent to anger the back, according to the sample analysis that returns the present pipeline, can also accurately judge whether pit shaft gas type is formation gas, and then judge pit shaft air inlet source.
The invention also provides a pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring device, which is characterized in that a gamma ray flowmeter and a venturi meter are connected to a return pipeline of the pressure-control drilling.
The gamma ray flowmeter is used for detecting the absorption rate of substances in the return pipeline to gamma rays, obtaining the three-phase flow phase fraction in the return pipeline based on different absorption rates of different substances to gamma rays, and measuring the three-phase flow total flow in the return pipeline based on differential pressure by venturi metering.
When the device is used, due to the fact that the absorption rate of different substances on gamma rays is different, when gamma rays pass through a mixture of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings flowing through a return pipeline, electrons and atoms in molecules of the mixture cause gamma ray attenuation, the attenuation caused by components of the mixture is different, and according to the principle, the three-phase flow phase fraction (including the gas content) can be measured, and the fluid mixing density can be calculated. The venturi is a differential pressure flowmeter, and can measure the total flow of the three-phase flow based on differential pressure, and then the single-phase flow of the drilling fluid, the gas and the drilling cuttings is obtained by combining the gas content measured by the gamma ray flowmeter. By the improved method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and the flow stability of the pressure-controlled drilling shaft can be further known.
The invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor. The memory is connected with the processor and used for storing programs. And the processor is used for realizing the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method in the scheme by running the program in the memory.
It should be noted that the electronic device may include: a processor (processor), a communication interface (communication interface), a memory (memory), and a communication bus.
Wherein: the processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via a communication bus. A communication interface for communicating with network elements of other devices, such as clients or other servers, etc. The processor is configured to execute a program, and may specifically execute relevant steps in the foregoing embodiment of the method for determining a risk of flow of pressure-controlled drilling for an electronic device.
In particular, the program may include program code including computer-operating instructions.
The processor may be a central processing unit, CPU, or specific integrated circuit ASIC (ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The one or more processors included in the electronic device may be the same type of processor, such as one or more CPUs; but may also be different types of processors such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.
And the memory is used for storing programs. The memory may comprise high-speed RAM memory or may further comprise non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The program may be specifically configured to cause the processor to perform operations corresponding to the pressure control drilling flow risk determination method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
The algorithms or displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other apparatus. Various general-purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for a construction of such a system is apparent from the description above. In addition, embodiments of the present invention are not directed to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that the teachings of the present invention described herein may be implemented in a variety of programming languages, and the above description of specific languages is provided for disclosure of enablement and best mode of the present invention.
The invention also provides a computer storage medium, wherein at least one executable command is stored in the storage medium, so that the processor executes the operation corresponding to the pressure control drilling flow risk judging method.
By the improved method, the single-phase flow of drilling fluid, gas and drilling cuttings in the return pipeline can be monitored, and the flow stability of the pressure-controlled drilling shaft can be further known.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The pressure-controlled drilling overflow monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining a total flow in the return line from the mass flow meter of the well return line;
detecting the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline by utilizing the absorption rate of gamma rays;
and obtaining the single flow corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the total flow and the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline.
2. The pressure controlled drilling overflow monitoring method of claim 1, wherein:
detecting the flow phase fraction corresponding to the gas, the liquid and the solid in the return pipeline according to the following model algorithm by utilizing the absorptivity of gamma rays;
N x ＝N 0 exp[-d(α g μ g +α l μ l +α s μ s )]
α g +α l +α s ＝1
wherein: alpha g Is the gas volume fraction; alpha l Is the liquid volume fraction; alpha s Is the solid volume fraction; mu (mu) g Is the gas density; mu (mu) l Is the density of the liquid; mu (mu) s Is solid density; n (N) 0 Is the initial gamma ray energy; n (N) x Is the absorbed gamma ray energy; exp is an exponential function based on a natural constant e; d is the inner diameter of the pipe at the measurement location.
3. The overflow monitoring device for the pressure-controlled drilling well is characterized in that a gamma ray flowmeter and a venturi meter are connected to a return pipeline of the pressure-controlled drilling well;
the gamma ray flowmeter is used for detecting the absorption rate of substances in the return pipeline to gamma rays, and based on different absorption rates of different substances to gamma rays, the flow phase fraction of three phases in the return pipeline is obtained;
the venturi metering measures the total flow of the three-phase flow in the return line based on differential pressure;
and combining the three-phase flow phase fraction and the three-phase flow total flow to obtain three-phase single-phase flow.
4. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the pressure controlled drilling flow risk discrimination method according to claim 1 or 2.
5. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory and a processor;
the memory is connected with the processor and used for storing programs;
the processor implements the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2 by running a program in the memory.
6. A pressure control drilling flow risk discrimination method based on the pressure control drilling overflow monitoring device as claimed in claim 3, comprising the steps of:
in the return line, when a gas is detected,
if the liquid displacement is consistent with the pumping displacement of the drilling fluid, judging that the shaft is in a stable flowing state;
and if the liquid displacement is larger than the pumping quantity of the drilling liquid, judging that the well bore is in the early overflow stage.
7. The pressure controlled drilling flow risk discrimination method according to claim 6, wherein:
sampling and analyzing gas components in the return pipeline, and judging whether the gas is reservoir fluid or air;
if the gas component is reservoir fluid, judging that gas invasion occurs in the shaft, wherein the shaft is in an underbalanced state;
if the gas component is air, calculating the post-effect gas time, and if the time for the shaft to enter the throttle sled to be connected with the single joint is the same as the post-effect gas time, the gas is the post-effect gas caused by the single joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311640052.0A CN117468876A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, device, medium and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311640052.0A CN117468876A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, device, medium and equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117468876A true CN117468876A (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311640052.0A Pending CN117468876A (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Pressure-control drilling overflow monitoring method, device, medium and equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117468876A (en) |
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