CN117461740A - Mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of dairy cows and application thereof - Google Patents
Mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of dairy cows and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117461740A CN117461740A CN202311464024.8A CN202311464024A CN117461740A CN 117461740 A CN117461740 A CN 117461740A CN 202311464024 A CN202311464024 A CN 202311464024A CN 117461740 A CN117461740 A CN 117461740A
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- element metabolism
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- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 208000013038 Hypocalcemia Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000000705 hypocalcaemia Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 235000001809 DL-alpha-tocopherylacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011626 DL-alpha-tocopherylacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-alpha-tocopherylacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C ZAKOWWREFLAJOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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- QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N retinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000208060 Lawsonia inermis Species 0.000 claims 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 32
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 229960001319 parathyroid hormone Drugs 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000055006 Calcitonin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108060001064 Calcitonin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N calcitonin Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1 BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960004015 calcitonin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000020964 calcitriol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011612 calcitriol Substances 0.000 description 4
- GMRQFYUYWCNGIN-NKMMMXOESA-N calcitriol Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@@H](CCCC(C)(C)O)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C1=C GMRQFYUYWCNGIN-NKMMMXOESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960005084 calcitriol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 3
- UIFGGABIJBWRMG-FMQUCBEESA-N (4-chlorophenyl)methyl (ne)-n-[(4-chlorophenyl)methoxycarbonylimino]carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1COC(=O)\N=N\C(=O)OCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 UIFGGABIJBWRMG-FMQUCBEESA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 208000016097 disease of metabolism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000027425 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000010444 Acidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000007976 Ketosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010027417 Metabolic acidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010046793 Uterine inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046814 Uterine prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003165 abomasum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004227 calcium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013927 calcium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004494 calcium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000004396 mastitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIZZDZCUMBBRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[[5-[3-[3-[[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]methyl]-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenyl]-1,1-dioxo-2,1$l^{6}-benzoxathiol-3-yl]-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-propan-2-ylphenyl]methyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC1=C(O)C(C(C)C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3S(=O)(=O)O2)C=2C(=C(CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O)C(O)=C(C(C)C)C=2)C)=C1C DIZZDZCUMBBRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feeding, in particular to a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows and application thereof. Mineral element metabolism regulator comprises zeolite, starch, sucrose, yeast culture, multivitamin and antioxidant. The mineral element metabolism regulator can be used as a novel nutrition means for preventing low blood calcium of high-yield cows, and is beneficial to realizing cost saving and synergy in pastures on the premise of not affecting the prevention effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal feeding, in particular to a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of dairy cows and application thereof.
Background
Perinatal refers to the period from 21 days before birth to 21 days after birth, and is known to have 3 different physiological states of pregnancy-lactation, and is characterized by a negative balance of energy and a high incidence of postpartum metabolic disease. The energy and mineral substances lost by lactation of postpartum cows cannot be compensated by rapid recovery of feed intake and efficient conversion of calcium in the body, so that a negative balance state of the energy and mineral substances is caused. Whether the dairy cows can smoothly pass through the perinatal period is particularly important for the health, the production performance and the reproductive performance after delivery. Therefore, the metabolism of the dairy cows is regulated and controlled by a nutrition regulation means, and the healthy and stable transition of the perinatal period is one of the important subjects of the dairy cow breeding practitioner.
Hypocalcemia, also known as milk fever, is a common post-partum metabolic disease, occurring mainly within 72 hours after delivery of high-and warp-producing cows, with more than 75% of cases occurring within the first 24 hours. Under normal physiological conditions, the blood calcium ion concentration of the dairy cows keeps dynamic balance, which is about 2.3mmol/L. The daily calcium amount of the milk cow for lactation after delivery is about 50g, at the moment, the requirements of digestive tract absorption and bone calcium mobilization cannot be met, and when the total calcium concentration of the blood plasma is reduced to below 1.4mmol/L, clinical milk fever is induced; and when the total calcium in blood falls below 1.8mmol/L within 24 hours after delivery, subclinical milk fever is induced.
It is counted that the incidence rate of hypocalcemia of the cattle with more than two fetuses in 24 hours after delivery is up to more than 50 percent. Daily loss of milk from cows with hypocalcemia 1 to 6 weeks after delivery varies from 1.1-7.1 kg. Hypocalcemia is also one of the causes of dystocia, uterine prolapse, metritis, abomasum displacement, ketosis, and mastitis. Subclinical hypocalcemia can also affect cow conception rate, with higher elimination rate in case of long-term infertility. Therefore, prevention of hypocalcemia in perinatal cows is an important measure for reducing the cost of cultivation.
The main nutrition regulation measures for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of cows in China are that anion daily ration is used before birth, a large amount of anions are ingested to acidify the body to cause compensatory metabolic acidosis, and the bone absorption process is accelerated by promoting the absorption of calcium by intestinal tracts so as to compensate the loss of calcium. However, the use of anionic diets has the following problems: 1) The dry matter feed intake of the dairy cows can be reduced; 2) The pH of urine needs to be monitored regularly (maintained between 5.5 and 6.5), and ration needs to be adjusted when the acidification effect is not met, so that the operation is complicated; 3) Excessive acidification has potential harm to the metabolic process of the organism; 4) The daily ration is prepared, so that the use of high-potassium pasture is avoided while the prenatal nutrition requirement is maintained, the raw material selection is limited, and the preparation of the formula is provided with serious challenges.
Besides adding anionic salt into prenatal ration, postpartum intravenous injection and oral calcium pills are also main measures for preventing hypocalcemia. The postpartum intravenous injection is to statically inject a certain amount of calcium gluconate after the delivery of the dairy cows, and the method has no long-acting effect in the aspect of maintaining the calcium blood and has complex operation and needs pasture veterinary intervention. And a part of pastures select a prevention mode of postpartum oral calcium pills, namely, calcium pills taking calcium chloride and calcium sulfate as main components are put into the oral cavity of dairy cows. However, there is currently no standard specification for uniform calcium bolus dosage and time interval, and excessive calcium formulation tends to exacerbate hypocalcemia production in new cows.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of cows and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems of complicated use, poor effect of preventing hypocalcemia and the like in the existing method for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of cows.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing post partum hypocalcemia in high-yield cows, comprising zeolite powder, starch, sucrose, yeast culture, multivitamins and antioxidants.
In the scheme, the mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of the high-yield cows takes zeolite powder as a main component, zeolite powder with a porous structure can be electrostatically attracted (or form calcium ion bridging effect) to combine calcium in gastrointestinal tract contents, so that release of daily ration calcium is fundamentally reduced, and based on a strong calcium regulation mechanism of the cows, the hypocalcemia of the cows is prevented by improving the calcium in advance through stimulating synthesis of parathyroid hormone. The mineral element metabolism regulator of the invention is added with sucrose and starch besides the main zeolite powder, which is helpful for improving the palatability of the regulator. The mineral element metabolism regulator of the invention is also added with yeast culture, compound vitamin and antioxidant, which can maintain normal fermentation of rumen and slow down perinatal stress, and help cows to smoothly pass through perinatal stage. The mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of the high-yield cows can effectively prevent hypocalcemia caused by blood calcium collapse caused by postpartum lactation of the cows in perinatal period on the premise of not influencing milk yield of the cows in early lactation, maintains the calcium ion steady-state metabolism state of the cows, and is low in cost and convenient to use, and only needs to be added in quantity in the first few weeks.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-430 parts of zeolite powder, 45-100 parts of starch, 15-75 parts of sucrose, 15-50 parts of yeast culture, 2-15 parts of compound vitamin and 2-15 parts of antioxidant.
In the scheme, the dosages of the components in the mineral element metabolism regulator are reasonably configured, so that better synergistic effect is exerted among the components, postpartum hypocalcemia of the high-yield cows can be better prevented, normal fermentation of rumen is better maintained, perinatal stress is slowed down, and the cows are helped to smoothly transit the perinatal stage.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250-350 parts of zeolite powder, 50-80 parts of starch, 20-60 parts of sucrose, 20-30 parts of yeast culture, 2-10 parts of compound vitamin and 2-10 parts of antioxidant.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of zeolite powder, 55 parts of starch, 20 parts of sucrose, 20 parts of yeast culture, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of antioxidant.
Further, the zeolite powder adopts synthetic zeolite powder or natural zeolite powder with loose porous structure.
In the scheme, the performance of the zeolite powder is strictly limited, so that calcium in the gastrointestinal tract content can be combined more effectively, the release of the calcium is reduced, and the prevention of hypocalcemia of the dairy cows is realized more effectively.
Further, the yeast culture is purchased from Henan Warewo Feng De biotechnology limited company, and the main component of the yeast culture is Saccharomyces cerevisiae and metabolites thereof, so that the yeast culture has the effects of regulating and controlling a rumen fermentation mode and maintaining the stability of a rumen microbiology.
Further, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A acetate and vitamin D 3 And dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate, has rich nutritive value, can resist oxidative damage, alleviate perinatal stress, and help cows to successfully transit the perinatal stage.
Further, the antioxidant comprises sodium selenite and linoleic acid, and has the effects of enhancing the immune function and the antioxidant capacity of the organism.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is also provided the use of a mineral element metabolism modulator as described above in dairy cow feeding.
Further, in the dairy cow raising process, the addition amount of the mineral element metabolism regulator is 2.5% -5% of the total mixed ration. Furthermore, according to the conditions of the body condition, the birth and the like of the cow, the mineral element metabolism regulator is added into daily ration of 3-4 weeks before the cow is produced, and no mineral element metabolism regulator is added after the cow is postpartum; furthermore, according to the conditions of the body condition, the birth and the like of the cow, the mineral element metabolism regulator is added into daily ration of 3 weeks before the birth of the cow, and no mineral element metabolism regulator is added after the birth.
Further, the mineral element metabolism regulator is firstly mixed with partial raw materials of the daily ration in the prenatal stage uniformly, and then is fully mixed with the rest raw materials of the daily ration to form fully mixed daily ration for feeding.
The daily ration generally comprises raw materials with smaller proportioning amount such as bean pulp, premix and the like, and also comprises raw materials with larger proportioning amount such as hay, silage and the like. According to the invention, the mineral element metabolism regulator is uniformly mixed with premix with smaller proportioning in the basic ration in the prenatal stage, and then fully mixed with the rest of raw materials, so that the full mixing of the materials can be ensured.
The mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows comprises zeolite powder, starch, sucrose, yeast culture, compound vitamin and antioxidant, wherein the zeolite can electrostatically attract and combine calcium in gastrointestinal tract contents, so that the release of the calcium is fundamentally reduced, the calcium is improved by stimulating the synthesis of parathyroid hormone in advance based on a powerful calcium regulation mechanism of the cows, the prevention of hypocalcemia of the cows is realized, and the sucrose and the starch are helpful for improving the palatability of the regulator. The yeast culture, the compound vitamins and the antioxidant can maintain normal fermentation of rumen and relieve perinatal stress, and help cows to smoothly pass through perinatal stage. The mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of the high-yield cows is low in cost and good in effect of preventing postpartum hypocalcemia.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The present invention is described in more detail by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available, except for the specific descriptions.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of zeolite powder, 55 parts of starch, 20 parts of sucrose, 20 parts of yeast culture, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of antioxidant. Wherein the yeast culture is obtained from Henan Warewo Feng De biotechnology Co.Ltd, and the compound vitamins include vitamin A acetate and vitamin D 3 And dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate, antioxidants including sodium selenite, linoleic acid, and the like.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the mineral element metabolism regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of zeolite powder, 60 parts of starch, 30 parts of sucrose, 25 parts of yeast culture, 3 parts of compound vitamin and 3 parts of antioxidant.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the mineral element metabolism regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of zeolite powder, 75 parts of starch, 50 parts of sucrose, 40 parts of yeast culture, 5 parts of compound vitamin and 5 parts of antioxidant.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the mineral element metabolism regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of zeolite powder, 45 parts of starch, 15 parts of sucrose, 15 parts of yeast culture, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of antioxidant.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of high-yield cows, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the mineral element metabolism regulator comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 375 parts of zeolite powder, 65 parts of starch, 40 parts of sucrose, 30 parts of yeast culture, 4 parts of compound vitamin and 4 parts of antioxidant.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an anion ration, which comprises basic ration, ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate, does not contain the mineral element metabolism regulator of the invention, specifically, 30g of ammonium chloride and 120g of magnesium sulfate are added into 13.2kg of basic ration (DM basis) to form a fully mixed ration, so that the anion level of the fully mixed ration is ensured to be-134.2 mEq/kg DM, and the anion ration accords with a reasonable range defined by NRC (2001).
Experimental example
12 healthy perinatal Holstein cows (2-4 fetuses, high yield, similar weight and body condition scores and no prior medical history) were selected for the feeding test. Cows were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups: test group (DCAD= +113.8mEq/kg DM), a low calcium fully mixed ration was formed by adding 400g/d of mineral element metabolism regulator of example 1 to 13.2kg basal ration (DM basis); control group (DCAD= -134.2mEq/kg DM, anionic ration of comparative example 1); 2 prenatal diets of the test group and the control group were fed separately from 3 weeks before birth, and the same cow diet was fed after delivery (the diet does not contain the mineral element metabolism regulator of the present invention). The cows in the prenatal stage are raised in the perinatal cowshed and immediately transferred to the lactation cowshed after delivery, and the average temperature, average relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and other environmental conditions of the 2 cowsheds are kept consistent.
Daily milk production is recorded by the milking system.
Blood samples were collected and plasma was separated for 7 days before and 3 days after delivery, respectively, and rapidly packaged and transferred to-20 ℃ refrigerator for preservation. The total calcium and total magnesium content of the plasma are respectively measured by adopting an azo arsine III colorimetric method and a methyl thymol blue colorimetric method; the total phosphorus content was determined by ultraviolet method. The parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and calcitriol content in the plasma is determined by a double antibody sandwich ELISA kit.
The test data were initially collated by Excel 2019 and analyzed using the MIXED model in SAS 9.4. P < 0.05 is used as a judging standard for the data with significant difference, and P < 0.01 is used as a judging standard for the data with significant difference.
Test results
(1) Influence on milk yield
TABLE 1
| Time | Test group | Control group |
| 1-4 weeks after delivery | 32.5469±0.9227 | 33.0228±0.8039 |
| 1-9 weeks after delivery | 39.7272±0.9681 | 38.1093±0.7161 |
Note that: no significant difference exists between the test group and the control group, which shows that the addition of mineral element metabolism regulator in prenatal ration has no influence on the postpartum milk yield of cows. The average milk yield of the dairy cows in the test group after delivery is higher than that in the control group in value.
(2) Effect on total calcium content of blood
TABLE 2
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 2.7640±0.0564 | 2.5940±0.0887 |
| At calving time | 2.5600±0.0911 | 2.6740±0.0772 |
| 1 day after delivery | 2.7671±0.0564 A | 2.5460±0.0191 B |
| 3 days after delivery | 2.7717±0.1005 | 2.7900±0.0803 |
Note that: the same letter superscript in table 2 indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and on the first post partum day, the blood calcium content of the dairy cows in the test group is significantly higher than that in the control group, and the blood calcium contents of the two groups are not significantly different in 7 pre-natal days, calving time and 3 post partum days, indicating that the prenatal ration additive mineral element metabolism regulator has the same efficacy as the anionic ration for maintaining the blood calcium of the dairy cows.
(3) Effect on total magnesium content of blood
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 0.8960±0.0333 | 0.8967±0.0645 |
| At calving time | 0.8367±0.0433 | 0.9183±0.0579 |
| 1 day after delivery | 0.8786±0.0275 | 0.8333±0.0292 |
| 3 days after delivery | 0.9300±0.0409 | 0.9150±0.0370 |
Note that: the mineral element metabolism regulator is fed before the calving and after the calving for 1 and 3 days before the prenatal period of 7 days, so that the blood magnesium content of the dairy cows is not obviously affected.
(4) Effect on total phosphorus content of blood
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 1.6460±0.0527 B | 1.9967±0.0426 A |
| At calving time | 1.5300±0.0841 B | 1.9000±0.0749 A |
| 1 day after delivery | 1.6086±0.0412 B | 1.8183±0.0580 A |
| 3 days after delivery | 1.6517±0.0460 | 1.6667±0.0635 |
Note that: the same letter superscript in table 4 indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and that prenatal feeding of mineral element metabolism modulator significantly reduces blood phosphorus content in cows at day 7, calving and day 1 postnatal, possibly by adsorption of phosphorus to promote calcium mobilization in vivo. The blood phosphorus content of the two groups of cows is in a normal range.
(5) Effects on blood parathyroid hormone content
TABLE 5
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 85.3343±5.4245 | 78.8711±5.0021 |
| At calving time | 76.3372±3.2984 | 72.6163±3.5873 |
| 1 day after delivery | 82.6395±2.5714 A | 73.1977±1.5422 B |
| 3 days after delivery | 80.0291±3.9842 | 71.5581±3.2007 |
Note that: the same letter superscript in table 5 indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and the first day after delivery, the parathyroid hormone content of the dairy cows in the test group is significantly higher than that in the control group, and the parathyroid hormone content of the test group is numerically higher than that in the control group 7 days before delivery, calving and 3 days after delivery, indicating that the mineral element metabolism regulator is beneficial to calcium absorption by the intestinal tract.
(6) Effects on blood calcitonin levels
TABLE 6
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 10.5911±0.5411 | 11.0415±0.9299 |
| At calving time | 11.3879±0.7469 | 10.8615±0.6461 |
| 1 day after delivery | 11.1843±0.7553 | 10.6963±0.7525 |
| 3 days after delivery | 13.5088±0.8322 A | 10.5550±0.7001 B |
Note that: the same letter superscript in table 6 indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and on day 3 post partum, the tested group had significantly higher levels of calcitonin than the control group, and the two groups had no significant difference in calcitonin levels at 7 days before birth, at calving and 3 days post partum.
(7) Effects on blood calcitriol content
TABLE 7
| Blood sampling time point (Tian) | Test group | Control group |
| 7 days before birth | 34.3624±2.8896 | 30.4052±1.3860 |
| At calving time | 28.5337±1.3277 | 28.4786±1.7777 |
| 1 day after delivery | 31.8043±1.6390 A | 25.2313±0.7846 B |
| 3 days after delivery | 34.6858±0.5307 A | 29.5894±0.9469 B |
Note that: the same letter superscript in table 7 indicates that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and the calcitriol content of the dairy cows in the test group is significantly higher than that in the control group 1,3 days after delivery, and the calcitriol content of the two groups is not significantly different at 7 days before delivery.
(8) Preventing hypocalcemia of milk cow after delivery
In this experiment, no group 2 had clinical or subclinical hypocalcemia in cows, indicating that the mineral element metabolism regulator of the present invention has the same effect as that of the anionic salt in preventing hypocalcemia.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional anion salt, the mineral element metabolism regulator has the same effects in improving the calcium and magnesium ion content of cow blood and enhancing the calcium ion metabolism. The mineral element metabolism regulator can be used as a novel nutrition means for preventing low blood calcium of high-yield cows, and pastures can be free from the limitation of low-potassium pastures on the premise of not affecting the prevention effect, and a pasture preparation formula with high quality and low cost is selected, so that the cost saving and the efficiency improvement of the pastures are facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mineral element metabolism regulator for preventing postpartum hypocalcemia of dairy cows is characterized by comprising zeolite powder, starch, sucrose, yeast culture, compound vitamin and antioxidant.
2. The mineral element metabolism regulator of claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-430 parts of zeolite powder, 45-100 parts of starch, 15-75 parts of sucrose, 15-50 parts of yeast culture, 2-15 parts of compound vitamin and 2-15 parts of antioxidant.
3. The mineral element metabolism regulator according to claim 2, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250-350 parts of zeolite powder, 50-80 parts of starch, 20-60 parts of sucrose, 20-30 parts of yeast culture, 2-10 parts of compound vitamin and 2-10 parts of antioxidant.
4. A mineral element metabolism regulator according to claim 3, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of zeolite powder, 55 parts of starch, 20 parts of sucrose, 20 parts of yeast culture, 2 parts of compound vitamin and 2 parts of antioxidant.
5. The mineral element metabolism modulator of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the zeolite powder is selected from synthetic zeolite powder or natural zeolite powder.
6. The mineral element metabolism modulator of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the yeast culture is purchased from henna Feng De biotechnology limited.
7. The mineral element metabolism modulator of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the starch comprises sweet potato starch or tapioca starch; and/or, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A acetate and vitamin D 3 And dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate; and/or the antioxidant comprises sodium selenite and linoleic acid。
8. Use of a mineral element metabolism modulator according to any one of claims 1-7 in dairy cow feeding.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the mineral element metabolism regulator is added in an amount of 2.5% -5% of the total mixed ration during feeding of cows.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the mineral element metabolism regulator is first mixed with a portion of the raw materials in the ration and then mixed with the remainder of the raw materials of the ration to form a total mixed ration for feeding.
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