CN117459319A - Oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which belongs to the field of the Internet of things and comprises a sensor module, a communication module, a data acquisition and processing module, a remote monitoring and control module, an alarm and notification module, an energy management module and a security and privacy module; the sensor module is responsible for collecting real-time oil parameter data, including temperature, pressure, flow and liquid; the data acquisition and processing module receives the data of the sensor module, and processes, analyzes and analyzes the data to obtain information about the state of the oil liquid system; and an intelligent prediction system is adopted to intelligently predict abnormal emergency, so that the risk resistance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil pipe transportation, in particular to an oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things.
Background
Oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on Internet of things brings remarkable advantages. The method and the device enable operators to quickly find abnormal conditions by monitoring key parameters including temperature, pressure and flow in real time, and realize timely response and remote control. The accessibility and energy-saving benefit of the system are improved, the manual inspection cost is reduced, meanwhile, faults are predicted through data analysis, and the reliability of equipment is improved. In addition, security and privacy protection of the system is enhanced.
However, there are some potential disadvantages to this system. First, the initial cost is high, which places a burden on the budget-limited organization. Second, technical dependencies and network reliability have an impact on the stability of the system. In addition, data privacy and security, energy consumption issues, and complexity of equipment maintenance also need to be carefully considered. Overall, the system has the advantage of improving the efficiency and real-time performance of the monitoring, but before adoption, the cost and challenges are weighed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which aims to solve the problems set forth in the background art: first, the initial cost is high, which places a burden on the budget-limited organization. Second, technical dependencies and network reliability have an impact on the stability of the system. In addition, data privacy and security, energy consumption issues, and complexity of equipment maintenance also need to be carefully considered. Overall, the system has the advantage of improving the efficiency and real-time performance of the monitoring, but before adoption, the cost and challenges are weighed.
The oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a sensor module, a communication module, a data acquisition and processing module, a remote monitoring and control module, an alarm and notification module, an energy management module and a security and privacy module;
the sensor module is responsible for collecting real-time oil parameter data, including temperature, pressure, flow and liquid;
the data acquisition and processing module receives the data of the sensor module, and processes, analyzes and analyzes the data to obtain information about the state of the oil system;
the processed data is transmitted to the communication module by the data acquisition and processing module;
the communication module transmits data to a remote server and a cloud platform by selecting a communication protocol and means so as to realize remote monitoring;
the communication module transmits data of the oil system to the remote monitoring and control module through wireless communication;
the remote monitoring and control module allows an operator to monitor the system state in real time through a user interface and remotely control various parts of the system;
when the remote monitoring and control module detects an abnormal condition, triggering the alarm and notification module;
the alarm and notification module notifies related personnel;
the remote monitoring and control module monitors the energy management module, and monitors and controls the energy management module through a remote means, including starting a standby power supply and reducing power consumption;
the security and privacy module ensures the security of the system and the privacy of the user through data encryption and authority control;
all modules follow security and privacy specifications to ensure that the system is not compromised by unauthorized access and data leakage during operation.
Preferably, the sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a liquid sensor;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the oil so as to timely detect temperature abnormality;
the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of oil and monitoring the pressure problem in the system;
the flow sensor is used for measuring the flow speed of the oil liquid and ensuring the normal flow of the oil liquid in the system;
the liquid sensor is used for measuring the liquid of the oil liquid and monitoring the consumption and leakage of the oil liquid;
the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor, the liquid sensor and the temperature sensor convert the environmental change into an electric signal by sensing the environmental change, and the working process comprises sensing environmental parameters;
includes converting temperature, pressure, flow into electrical signals by internal components;
the electric signals are amplified and processed and then transmitted to a data acquisition unit;
the data acquisition unit interprets the electrical signals into intelligible digital information;
the sensor module also utilizes a wireless power transmission technology, integrates a module for receiving wireless power, and is matched with remote transmitting equipment to realize long-term battery replacement-free.
Preferably, the wireless power transmission technology transmits energy comprising the steps of:
step one: a transmitter design, which is a transmitter capable of converting electrical energy into radio waves; the transmitter comprises an oscillator, an antenna and a power amplifier;
step two: frequency selection, namely selecting frequency specified by radio spectrum to transmit energy;
step three: when converting the electric energy into radio waves, modulating the radio waves to obtain modulated radio waves;
step four: the transmitter radiating the modulated radio wave into space through an antenna;
step five: the modulated radio wave propagates in space to reach the position of the receiving device;
step six: designing a receiver in the receiving device to receive and convert the radio waves into usable electrical energy;
step seven: the receiver receives radio waves through an antenna;
step eight: the demodulation process converts the received radio waves back into electric energy to obtain demodulated electric energy, and processes and extracts the transmitted energy;
step nine: storing the demodulated electrical energy in batteries, supercapacitors, and other energy storage devices in the device;
step ten: the power management system is designed to ensure that power collected from wireless power transfer is efficiently supplied to the device while preventing overcharging and overdischarging.
Preferably, the communication module comprises a wireless communication module and a data transmission protocol;
the wireless communication module is communicated with the central system through wireless technology, including Wi-Fi, bluetooth, loRa and NB-IoT, so as to realize remote monitoring;
the wireless communication module transmits wireless signals to a central system; the central system receives and decodes the wireless signals through corresponding receiving equipment and converts the wireless signals into understandable data;
the communication module adopts data transmission protocols of MQTT and CoAP to ensure that sensor data is transmitted to the central system in a safe and reliable mode;
the process of transmitting sensor data to the central system using the MQTT protocol includes the sensor module generating data, publishing it to an MQTT proxy server, which broadcasts the data to the central system subscribed to the respective topic;
and the central system of the corresponding theme subscribes to the corresponding theme through the MQTT proxy server, and receives and analyzes the sensor data in real time.
Preferably, the data acquisition and processing module comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit;
the data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring data from the sensor module;
the data processing unit processes and analyzes the sensor data, detects abnormal conditions, generates a report, triggers the alarm and notification module, and automatically closes the valve.
Preferably, the remote monitoring and control module comprises a user interface and a remote control unit;
the remote monitoring and control module performs user research, knows the requirements and the use habits of operators, and determines the layout of key functions and information;
visual design elements including icons, charts and colors are adopted, so that complex system state information is simplified; using a responsive design, it is ensured that a consistent user experience can be provided on different devices;
the visual navigation structure is integrated, so that a user can easily access different functions and modules;
providing real-time update and notification to ensure that the user knows about the system changes in time;
user testing and feedback circulation are carried out, the interface is improved continuously, user expectations are met, and remote monitoring and control functions are realized;
the remote control unit allows an operator to remotely control the system, including closing valves and adjusting parameters;
through training a model, an intelligent prediction system is established, and integrated into the remote monitoring and control module, so that potential problems are predicted in advance;
preferably, the alarm and notification module comprises an alarm system and an event record;
the data acquisition and processing module detects abnormal conditions, including temperature and pressure changes exceeding a threshold value, and when the abnormal conditions are found, the alarm and notification module triggers a mechanism for generating reports and alarms to notify related personnel, including recording, classifying and archiving abnormal data, triggering the alarms and notifying the related personnel in the forms of sound, brightness, short messages and mails;
the event recording system records important events occurring.
Preferably, the energy management module comprises power management and low-power consumption design;
the power management ensures that each part of the system is stably powered, and a battery and a solar panel are used for renewable energy sources;
the low power consumption design adopts an optimization algorithm to reduce the power consumption of the energy management module, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and reducing the power threshold.
Preferably, the security and privacy module includes data encryption and rights control;
the data encryption converts sensitive information into a form which cannot be understood by unauthorized parties by using a cryptography technology, so that the security of the data in the transmission process is ensured;
using encryption algorithm and secret key to convert plaintext data into ciphertext, only legal receiver with decryption secret key can restore original information;
the encryption protocol comprises TLS/SSL, and the confidentiality and the integrity of data are protected by combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption; encrypting the transmitted data to ensure the safety of the data;
the authority control ensures that only legal users can log in the system through a safe identity verification mode, including multi-factor authentication;
implementing a strict access control strategy in the system, and carrying out accurate authorization management based on the roles and the authorities of the users, so as to ensure that the users can only access the required functions and data;
periodically, user permissions are reviewed and updated, and security logs are used to monitor and track user activity, with only authorized users having access to specific functions and data of the system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
and an intelligent prediction system is adopted to intelligently predict abnormal emergency, so that the risk resistance is improved.
The wireless charging technology is adopted, so that the conditions that the traditional battery is easily affected by the high-temperature environment, ageing is fast, and abnormality is easy to occur are reduced, and convenience and rapidness are realized.
By utilizing an intelligent algorithm, the working parameters of the module are dynamically adjusted according to the system workload and the energy supply condition, so that the overall energy efficiency is improved, and the defect of high power consumption of the traditional system is overcome.
And the TLS/SSL encryption protocol is adopted to encrypt the transmitted data, so that the confidentiality of the data is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, an oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the internet of things includes a sensor module, a communication module, a data acquisition and processing module, a remote monitoring and control module, an alarm and notification module, an energy management module, and a security and privacy module;
the sensor module is responsible for collecting real-time oil parameter data, including temperature, pressure, flow and liquid;
the data acquisition and processing module receives the data of the sensor module, processes, analyzes and analyzes the data to obtain information about the state of the oil system;
the processed data is transmitted to the communication module by the data acquisition and processing module;
the communication module transmits data to the remote server and the cloud platform by selecting a communication protocol and means so as to realize remote monitoring;
the communication module transmits data of the oil system to the remote monitoring and control module through wireless communication;
the remote monitoring and control module allows an operator to monitor the system state in real time through a user interface and remotely control various parts of the system;
when the remote monitoring and control module detects an abnormal condition, an alarm and notification module is triggered, and the alarm and notification module notifies related personnel; the remote monitoring and control module monitors the energy management module, and monitors and controls the energy management module through a remote means, including starting a standby power supply and reducing power consumption; the security and privacy module ensures the security of the system and the privacy of the user through data encryption and authority control; all modules follow security and privacy specifications to ensure that the system is not compromised by unauthorized access and data leakage during operation.
The sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a liquid sensor; the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the oil so as to timely detect temperature abnormality; the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of oil and monitoring the pressure problem existing in the system; the flow sensor is used for measuring the flow speed of the oil liquid and ensuring the normal flow of the oil liquid in the system; the liquid sensor is used for measuring the liquid of the oil liquid and monitoring the consumption and leakage of the oil liquid; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor, the liquid sensor and the temperature sensor convert environmental changes into electric signals through sensing the environmental changes, and the working process comprises sensing environmental parameters; includes converting temperature, pressure, flow into electrical signals by internal components;
the specific mode is that the temperature is converted:
temperature is measured using temperature sensors, including thermistors (RTDs) and thermocouples (thermocouples).
A signal conditioning circuit (including an amplifier) is used to amplify the minute electrical signal output by the sensor into a measurable voltage signal.
Pressure conversion: pressure is measured using pressure sensors, including piezoresistive sensors and piezoelectric sensors. The change signals generated by the sensor are changes in resistance, capacitance and voltage. The sensor output is converted to a standard voltage signal by a signal conditioning circuit.
Flow conversion: flow sensors, including turbine flow meters and electromagnetic flow meters, are used to measure the flow of a fluid. The sensor generates pulse, resistance and voltage signals, depending on the sensor type. The sensor output is converted to a standard voltage signal by a signal conditioning circuit.
A signal conditioning circuit: the signal output by the sensor is very small and needs to be amplified and adjusted by a signal conditioning circuit. Amplifiers and filters are used to enhance the strength and stability of the signal. Analog signals are converted to digital signals using analog-to-digital converters (ADCs).
Digital signal processing: including the fact that the resulting signal is converted to a digital signal, the digital signal is processed using a microprocessor and microcontroller. The signals are filtered, calibrated and corrected, so that the accuracy and reliability of the electric signals are ensured to be transmitted to the data acquisition unit after being amplified and processed; the data acquisition unit interprets the electric signals into understandable digital information; the sensor module also utilizes a wireless power transmission technology, integrates a module for receiving wireless power, and is matched with remote transmitting equipment to realize long-term battery replacement-free.
The wireless power transmission technology for transmitting energy comprises the following steps:
step one: a transmitter design, which is a transmitter capable of converting electrical energy into radio waves; the transmitter comprises an oscillator, an antenna and a power amplifier;
step two: frequency selection, namely selecting frequency specified by radio spectrum to transmit energy;
step three: when converting the electric energy into radio waves, modulating the radio waves to obtain modulated radio waves;
step four: the transmitter radiates the modulated radio wave into space through the antenna;
step five: the modulated radio wave propagates in space to reach the position of the receiving device;
step six: designing a receiver in the receiving device to receive and convert the radio waves into usable electrical energy;
step seven: the receiver receives radio waves through the antenna;
step eight: the demodulation process converts the received radio waves back into electric energy to obtain demodulated electric energy, and processes and extracts the transmitted energy;
step nine: storing the demodulated electrical energy in batteries, supercapacitors, and other energy storage devices in the device;
step ten: the power management system is designed to ensure that power collected from wireless power transfer is efficiently supplied to the device while preventing overcharging and overdischarging.
The communication module comprises a wireless communication module and a data transmission protocol;
the wireless communication module communicates with the central system through wireless technology, including Wi-Fi, bluetooth, loRa and NB-IoT, so as to realize remote monitoring;
the wireless communication module transmits wireless signals to the central system; the central system receives and decodes the wireless signals through corresponding receiving equipment and converts the wireless signals into understandable data;
the communication module adopts data transmission protocols of MQTT and CoAP to ensure that sensor data is transmitted to the central system in a safe and reliable mode;
the specific mode is that the MQTT protocol:
and (3) safety authentication: the security features of the MQTT are used, including TLS/SSL, to encrypt the data end to end, so as to ensure confidentiality of the sensor data in the transmission process.
And (3) identity authentication: authentication mechanisms are implemented, including usernames and passwords, to ensure that only legitimate devices can connect and publish data.
Message confirmation: the QoS level of the MQTT is configured to ensure reliability of the message, optionally enabling at least one and only one pass.
CoAP protocol:
DTLS encryption: coAP uses DTLS (DatagramTransportLayerSecurity) protocol for data encryption to ensure confidentiality of sensor data.
Token mechanism: and (3) carrying out identity verification and authorization on the data by utilizing a Token mechanism of the CoAP, so as to ensure that only authorized equipment can access the data.
Observation mode: real-time two-way communication is realized by using the observation (Observe) characteristic of CoAP, and a central system can actively acquire the change of sensor data.
Common characteristics: low power consumption and bandwidth optimization: both the MQTT and the CoAP are designed for the Internet of things equipment, have the characteristics of low energy consumption and bandwidth optimization, and are suitable for sensor equipment with limited resources.
Asynchronous communication: allowing asynchronous communication, the sensor generates data at its own speed, while the central system processes and receives the data asynchronously.
Network isolation and firewall: and firewall rules are configured, so that only authorized networks and devices can communicate with the MQTT and the CoAP server, and the security of the system is improved.
The process of transmitting sensor data to a central system using the MQTT protocol includes the sensor module generating data, publishing it to the MQTT proxy server, which broadcasts the data to the central system subscribed to the respective topic;
the central system of the corresponding theme subscribes to the corresponding theme through the MQTT proxy server, and receives and analyzes the sensor data in real time.
The data acquisition and processing module comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit;
the data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring data from the sensor module;
the data processing unit processes and analyzes the sensor data, detects abnormal conditions, generates a report, triggers the alarm and notification module, and automatically closes the valve.
The specific mode is that the abnormality detection algorithm: suitable anomaly detection algorithms are developed and selected for analyzing the sensor data to identify anomalies, including excessive pressure and abnormal flow.
Setting a trigger condition: setting conditions that trigger closing of the valve includes setting certain thresholds that trigger an abnormal condition when the sensor data exceeds and falls below the thresholds.
And (3) real-time monitoring: the data processing unit needs to monitor the sensor data in real time to ensure that abnormal conditions can be detected in time.
Communication and control interface: the communication module and the control interface are integrated to send a closing instruction to the valve when an anomaly is detected. Standard communication protocols may be employed including Modbus, OPC.
And (3) safety verification:
safety verification measures are implemented to ensure that the operation of closing the valve is performed on the premise of ensuring the safety of the system and the environment. An additional authentication mechanism needs to be added to prevent misoperation.
And (3) periodically testing and maintaining:
the automated system of closing the valve is tested periodically to ensure its reliability. And (5) performing system maintenance, and checking the states of the sensor, the communication module and the control interface.
Anomaly recording and reporting:
recording the abnormal condition triggering the closing of the valve, and generating a report for subsequent analysis and improvement. This helps to understand system performance and optimize anomaly detection algorithms.
The remote monitoring and control module comprises a user interface and a remote control unit;
user research is conducted, the requirements and the use habits of operators are known, and the layout of key functions and information is determined;
visual design elements including icons, charts and colors are adopted, so that complex system state information is simplified; using a responsive design, it is ensured that a consistent user experience can be provided on different devices;
the visual navigation structure is integrated, so that a user can easily access different functions and modules;
providing real-time update and notification to ensure that the user knows about the system changes in time;
user testing and feedback circulation are carried out, the interface is improved continuously, user expectations are met, and remote monitoring and control functions are realized;
the remote control unit allows an operator to remotely control the system, including closing valves and adjusting parameters;
through training a model, an intelligent prediction system is established, and integrated into a remote monitoring and control module, so that potential problems are predicted in advance;
the specific method is that the demand analysis and the target setting are as follows:
and determining the predicted demand of the system, and determining targets, including predicting equipment faults and optimizing energy utilization.
Variables and targets that need to be predicted are identified.
Data acquisition and cleaning: historical data is collected, including sensor data, device operating status. And cleaning and processing data, and solving the problems of missing values and abnormal values.
Characteristic engineering: extracting the characteristics related to the predicted target requires the processing of characteristic transformation, selection and scaling. New features are created to enhance model performance.
Data tag and partitioning: and labeling the historical data, namely assigning a corresponding target value for each data point. The data is divided into a training set and a testing set, so that the generalization performance of the model is ensured.
Selecting a model: appropriate machine learning and statistical models, including regression models, decision trees, neural networks, are selected to accommodate the characteristics of the prediction task.
Model training: the selected model is trained using a training set. The hyper-parameters of the model are adjusted to improve performance.
Model verification and evaluation: and verifying the trained model by using the test set, and evaluating the performance of the model. Suitable evaluation indexes are selected, including Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and accuracy.
Deployment model: and deploying the trained model into a remote monitoring and control system. The model is integrated into the control logic of the system.
And (3) real-time prediction: in actual operation, a trained model is applied to real-time data for prediction. The model performance is continuously monitored, and necessary adjustments and updates are made.
The alarm and notification module comprises an alarm system and an event record;
in a specific manner, defining important events: determining which events are deemed important includes failure, alarm triggering, system escalation. A risk assessment is suggested to determine critical events.
Event log: an event log is created for recording important events of the system. It is ensured that the log contains sufficient detailed information including time stamp, event type, trigger reason.
Event classification: events are classified into different categories for easier filtering and analysis. Common categories include alarms, errors, security events.
Data structure: defining a proper data structure ensures consistency and easy understanding of log information. And the JSON and XML formats are adopted.
And (3) automatic recording: the function of automatically recording the system events is realized, so that the manual errors are reduced. The automatic recording is realized by a programming interface, a system monitoring tool and logging software.
Centralized storage: the centralized storage of event logs in a secure location is a specialized event management system, database, and cloud storage. Ensuring that the log is easily accessed and backed up.
Key field: key fields are included in the event log, including event description, related device information, operations performed, scope of influence, for in-depth analysis.
Reporting and warning: reporting and warning mechanisms are set, and related personnel can be timely notified when an important event occurs. This helps to quickly respond and solve potential problems.
Periodic inspection: the event log is periodically reviewed to analyze the operation of the system. This helps identify potential problems, improves system performance, and meets compliance requirements.
The data acquisition and processing module detects abnormal conditions, including temperature and pressure changes exceeding a threshold value, and when the abnormal conditions are found, the alarm and notification module triggers a mechanism for generating reports and alarms to notify related personnel, including recording, classifying and archiving abnormal data, triggering the alarms and notifying the related personnel in the forms of sound, brightness, short messages and mails;
the event recording system records important events occurring.
The energy management module comprises power management and low-power consumption design;
the power management ensures that each part of the system is stably powered, and a battery and a solar panel are used for renewable energy sources;
the low power consumption design adopts an optimization algorithm to reduce the power consumption of the energy management module, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and reducing the power threshold;
the security and privacy module comprises data encryption and authority control;
the data encryption converts sensitive information into a form which cannot be understood by unauthorized parties by using a cryptography technology, so that the security of the data in the transmission process is ensured;
using encryption algorithm and secret key to convert plaintext data into ciphertext, only legal receiver with decryption secret key can restore original information;
the encryption protocol comprises TLS/SSL, and the confidentiality and the integrity of data are protected by combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption; encrypting the transmitted data to ensure the safety of the data;
rights control ensures that only legitimate users can log into the system through a safe authentication mode, including multi-factor authentication;
implementing a strict access control strategy in the system, and carrying out accurate authorization management based on the roles and the authorities of the users, so as to ensure that the users can only access the required functions and data;
periodically, user permissions are reviewed and updated, and security logs are used to monitor and track user activity, with only authorized users having access to specific functions and data of the system.
Claims (9)
1. The oil liquid remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a sensor module, a communication module, a data acquisition and processing module, a remote monitoring and control module, an alarm and notification module, an energy management module and a security and privacy module;
the sensor module is responsible for collecting real-time oil parameter data, including temperature, pressure, flow and liquid;
the data acquisition and processing module receives the data of the sensor module, and processes, analyzes and analyzes the data to obtain information about the state of the oil system;
the processed data is transmitted to the communication module by the data acquisition and processing module;
the communication module transmits data to a remote server and a cloud platform by selecting a communication protocol and means so as to realize remote monitoring;
the communication module transmits data of the oil system to the remote monitoring and control module through wireless communication;
the remote monitoring and control module allows an operator to monitor the system state in real time through a user interface and remotely control various parts of the system;
when the remote monitoring and control module detects an abnormal condition, triggering the alarm and notification module;
the alarm and notification module notifies related personnel;
the remote monitoring and control module monitors the energy management module, and monitors and controls the energy management module through a remote means, including starting a standby power supply and reducing power consumption;
the security and privacy module ensures the security of the system and the privacy of the user through data encryption and authority control;
all modules follow security and privacy specifications to ensure that the system is not compromised by unauthorized access and data leakage during operation.
2. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is characterized in that the sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a liquid sensor;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the oil so as to timely detect temperature abnormality;
the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of oil and monitoring the pressure problem in the system;
the flow sensor is used for measuring the flow speed of the oil liquid and ensuring the normal flow of the oil liquid in the system;
the liquid sensor is used for measuring the liquid of the oil liquid and monitoring the consumption and leakage of the oil liquid;
the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor, the liquid sensor and the temperature sensor convert the environmental change into an electric signal by sensing the environmental change, and the working process comprises sensing environmental parameters;
includes converting temperature, pressure, flow into electrical signals by internal components;
the electric signals are amplified and processed and then transmitted to a data acquisition unit;
the data acquisition unit interprets the electrical signals into intelligible digital information;
the sensor module also utilizes a wireless power transmission technology, integrates a module for receiving wireless power, and is matched with remote transmitting equipment to realize long-term battery replacement-free.
3. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the internet of things according to claim 2, wherein the wireless power transmission technology transmits energy comprising the following steps:
step one: a transmitter design, which is a transmitter capable of converting electrical energy into radio waves; the transmitter comprises an oscillator, an antenna and a power amplifier;
step two: frequency selection, namely selecting frequency specified by radio spectrum to transmit energy;
step three: when converting the electric energy into radio waves, modulating the radio waves to obtain modulated radio waves;
step four: the transmitter radiating the modulated radio wave into space through an antenna;
step five: the modulated radio wave propagates in space to reach the position of the receiving device;
step six: designing a receiver in the receiving device to receive and convert the radio waves into usable electrical energy;
step seven: the receiver receives radio waves through an antenna;
step eight: the demodulation process converts the received radio waves back into electric energy to obtain demodulated electric energy, and processes and extracts the transmitted energy;
step nine: storing the demodulated electrical energy in batteries, supercapacitors, and other energy storage devices in the device;
step ten: the power management system is designed to ensure that power collected from wireless power transfer is efficiently supplied to the device while preventing overcharging and overdischarging.
4. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, according to claim 1, wherein the communication module comprises a wireless communication module and a data transmission protocol;
the wireless communication module is communicated with the central system through wireless technology, including Wi-Fi, bluetooth, loRa and NB-IoT, so as to realize remote monitoring;
the wireless communication module transmits wireless signals to a central system; the central system receives and decodes the wireless signals through corresponding receiving equipment and converts the wireless signals into understandable data;
the communication module adopts data transmission protocols of MQTT and CoAP to ensure that sensor data is transmitted to the central system in a safe and reliable mode;
the process of transmitting sensor data to the central system using the MQTT protocol includes the sensor module generating data, publishing it to an MQTT proxy server, which broadcasts the data to the central system subscribed to the respective topic;
and the central system of the corresponding theme subscribes to the corresponding theme through the MQTT proxy server, and receives and analyzes the sensor data in real time.
5. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is characterized in that the data acquisition and processing module comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit;
the data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring data from the sensor module;
the data processing unit processes and analyzes the sensor data, detects abnormal conditions, generates a report, triggers the alarm and notification module, and automatically closes the valve.
6. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the remote monitoring and control module comprises a user interface and a remote control unit;
the remote monitoring and control module performs user research, knows the requirements and the use habits of operators, and determines the layout of key functions and information;
visual design elements including icons, charts and colors are adopted, so that complex system state information is simplified; using a responsive design, it is ensured that a consistent user experience can be provided on different devices;
the visual navigation structure is integrated, so that a user can easily access different functions and modules;
providing real-time update and notification to ensure that the user knows about the system changes in time;
user testing and feedback circulation are carried out, the interface is improved continuously, user expectations are met, and remote monitoring and control functions are realized;
the remote control unit allows an operator to remotely control the system, including closing valves and adjusting parameters;
and building an intelligent prediction system through training a model, integrating the intelligent prediction system into the remote monitoring and control module, and predicting potential problems in advance.
7. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is characterized in that the alarm and notification module comprises an alarm system and an event record;
the data acquisition and processing module detects abnormal conditions, including temperature and pressure changes exceeding a threshold value, and when the abnormal conditions are found, the alarm and notification module triggers a mechanism for generating reports and alarms to notify related personnel, including recording, classifying and archiving abnormal data, triggering the alarms and notifying the related personnel in the forms of sound, brightness, short messages and mails;
the event recording system records important events occurring.
8. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is characterized in that the energy management module comprises power management and low-power consumption design;
the power management ensures that each part of the system is stably powered, and a battery and a solar panel are used for renewable energy sources;
the low power consumption design adopts an optimization algorithm to reduce the power consumption of the energy management module, including adjusting the acquisition frequency and reducing the power threshold.
9. The oil remote online real-time monitoring system based on the Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the security and privacy module comprises data encryption and authority control;
the data encryption converts sensitive information into a form which cannot be understood by unauthorized parties by using a cryptography technology, so that the security of the data in the transmission process is ensured;
using encryption algorithm and secret key to convert plaintext data into ciphertext, only legal receiver with decryption secret key can restore original information;
the encryption protocol comprises TLS/SSL, and the confidentiality and the integrity of data are protected by combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption; encrypting the transmitted data to ensure the safety of the data;
the authority control ensures that only legal users can log in the system through a safe identity verification mode, including multi-factor authentication;
implementing a strict access control strategy in the system, and carrying out accurate authorization management based on the roles and the authorities of the users, so as to ensure that the users can only access the required functions and data;
periodically, user permissions are reviewed and updated, and security logs are used to monitor and track user activity, with only authorized users having access to specific functions and data of the system.
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