CN117444106A - Ring rolling tool and ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant device - Google Patents
Ring rolling tool and ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117444106A CN117444106A CN202311453684.6A CN202311453684A CN117444106A CN 117444106 A CN117444106 A CN 117444106A CN 202311453684 A CN202311453684 A CN 202311453684A CN 117444106 A CN117444106 A CN 117444106A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/22—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution characterised by use of rolls having circumferentially varying profile ; Die-rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H9/00—Feeding arrangements for rolling machines or apparatus manufacturing articles dealt with in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a ring rolling tool and a ring rolling forming method of a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment, belonging to the technical field of metal materials and processing thereof; according to the ring rolling tool for the spherical transition ring, through improvement of the forming surface of the main roller sleeve, the forming surface of the core roller sleeve and the running mode of the main roller sleeve and the core roller sleeve on the ring rolling mill, the cross section size of the spherical transition ring and the roundness of the ring piece are accurately controlled, the process allowance is greatly reduced, the using amount of raw materials is reduced, and the integral forming of the spherical transition ring is realized; the spherical transition ring is delivered in a finish machining state, so that the size and form and position tolerance of the ring piece can be accurately controlled, and the welding assembly and the weight control of pressure-resistant equipment are facilitated; in addition, the ring rolling tool and the ring rolling method enable the target diameter of the spherical transition ring in the preparation process not to be limited by the starting gear and the height of the upright post of the forging press, and realize the integrated forming of ring pieces with the maximum diameter of 16 meters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials and processing thereof, and particularly relates to a ring rolling tool of a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment and a ring rolling forming method of the tool.
Background
In the design process of the pressure-resistant equipment, a transition ring structure is required to be used for meeting the connection between pressure-resistant sections with different diameters or the connection between the pressure-resistant sections and specific components. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in the pressure-resistant equipment structure with higher pressure level, stress at the transition ring is concentrated, and in order to reduce the problems of structural stress concentration and welding high peak stress, a smooth spherical transition ring is often adopted. The upper end and the lower end of the spherical transition ring are respectively provided with a straight section which can be used for processing a welding groove, and the middle part is provided with two tangential spherical surfaces with different diameters; the structure can smoothly and transitionally connect two pressure-resistant sections with different diameters, the welding mode is butt welding convenient for construction, the welding position is staggered from the structural stress concentration position, and the pressure-resistant capability of pressure-resistant equipment is improved. If the connecting rod is required to be connected with the sealing head of the pressure-resistant device, the upper straight section and the small-diameter spherical surface are cut off.
The spherical transition ring is prepared and molded in the following three modes in the prior art: casting, plate rolling welding and forging;
the casting molding can realize the integral molding of spherical transition rings with different diameters, and has no longitudinal welding seam, but the problem of solidification of internal tissues of castings is solved, so that the loosening and shrinkage cavity are easy to generate, and the quality requirement of equipment with higher pressure grade cannot be met;
and (3) plate rolling welding, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, wherein the plate rolling welding adopts quenched and tempered steel plates, after cutting blanking and groove processing, melon segments with spherical structures are formed through local cold stamping of a die, and then a plurality of melon segments are welded into spherical transition rings. The transition ring manufactured by the method has a plurality of longitudinal welding seams, so that the work of welding and welding seam detection is increased, and the use performance of the spherical transition ring is influenced by the welding stress to a certain extent; in the cold stamping process of the steel plate, the performance of the steel plate is reduced to different degrees, and the usability of the spherical transition ring is further affected;
the forging forming is carried out in a free forging mode, so that the integral forming of the spherical transition ring is completed, and welding is not needed. Because the cross section of the spherical transition ring is of a complex spherical structure, the overall roundness of the transition ring is controlled while the cross section size of the forging stock is controlled, the size of the forging stock is difficult to control, and a large amount of forging allowance is required to be reserved to ensure the final product size. The maximum diameter of the spherical transition ring which can be manufactured by the forming mode is limited by the opening and the height of the upright post of the forging press, and the maximum diameter which can be manufactured in China at present is about 7.5 meters;
the three spherical transition ring forming modes all have different defects and constraint conditions, so that the performance of the spherical transition ring is influenced, or the diameter of the spherical transition ring is limited by the starting gear and the height of the stand column of the forging press, and therefore, an integral ring rolling forming mode is urgently needed in which the target diameter of the spherical transition ring is not limited by the starting gear and the height of the stand column of the forging press.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and constraint conditions of the spherical transition ring forming mode in the prior art, the invention provides a ring rolling tool and a ring rolling forming method of the spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment, and the integrated forming of the spherical transition ring can be realized by a brand new integral ring rolling forming mode and a special-shaped roller sleeve.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the application is as follows:
a ring rolling tool of a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment comprises a main roller and a core roller; the surface of the main roller is contacted with the outer surface of the left end of the ring; the surface of the core roller is contacted with the inner surface of the left end of the ring piece;
the main roller is a driving roller and comprises a main roller shaft and a main roller sleeve; the core roller is a driven roller and comprises a core roller shaft and a core roller sleeve;
the main roller sleeve comprises a first assembly hole, a first key groove, an upper stop block, a lower stop block and a first molding surface; the first assembly holes are arranged on the top surface of the main roller sleeve in a vertically penetrating manner, first key grooves are formed in the two ends of the first assembly holes, and the main roller shaft penetrates through the first assembly holes and is connected with the main roller sleeve through keys; the upper stop block is arranged on the top surface of the main roller sleeve, and the lower stop block is arranged on the bottom surface of the main roller sleeve; the lower surface of the upper stop block is provided with a rounding, and the upper surface of the lower stop block is provided with a rounding and a slope; the first molding surface comprises a lower surface of the upper stop block, an upper surface of the lower stop block and a curved surface matched with the outer surface of the spherical transition ring;
the core roller sleeve comprises a second assembly hole, a second key groove and a second molding surface; the second assembly holes are arranged on the top surface of the core roller sleeve in a vertically penetrating manner, second key grooves are formed in two ends of the second assembly holes, and the core roller shaft penetrates through the second assembly holes and is connected with the core roller sleeve through keys; the second molding surface comprises a curved surface matched with the inner surface of the spherical transitional ring.
Preferably, the main roller sleeve and the core roller sleeve further comprise hanging rings, and the hanging rings are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the main roller sleeve and the upper surface of the core roller sleeve.
Preferably, the device also comprises an upper conical roller and a lower conical roller, wherein the upper conical roller is contacted with the upper surface of the right end of the ring; the lower cone roller is contacted with the lower surface of the right end of the ring piece.
Preferably, the device further comprises a centering roller, wherein the centering roller is contacted with the outer surface of one side of the ring piece, which is close to the main roller.
A ring rolling forming method of a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment comprises the following specific steps:
step one: freely forging and forming the die-cast steel ingot or the electroslag ingot by adopting a forging press, wherein the total forging ratio is not lower than 5.0 in the forging process; cutting off a water gap end and a riser end of the die-cast steel ingot during forging, and cutting off an arc striking end and an arc receiving end of the electroslag ingot; drawing, upsetting, punching, reaming and trimming the die-cast steel ingot or electroslag ingot for 4-5 times, and obtaining a forging stock after finishing trimming; machining the forged forging stock by adopting a numerical control vertical lathe to remove forging oxide skin to obtain a ring rolling stock;
step two: the main roller and the core roller are mounted on the ring rolling mill, and after the mounting is finished, the ring rolling mill is subjected to cold debugging, so that the top surface of the rolling platform, the bottom surface of the core roller sleeve and the upper surface of the lower stop block of the main roller sleeve are positioned on the same horizontal plane when the ring rolling mill runs; after debugging, the core roller is moved to a waiting material level to be rolled;
step three: quality detection is carried out on the ring rolling blank, the ring rolling blank which is qualified in detection is placed in a heating furnace for heating, and the axis of the ring rolling blank is vertical when placed; slowly heating the heating furnace to the forging temperature, and then starting to preserve heat, wherein after preserving heat for a certain time, a ring piece with a rolling state is obtained;
step four: the ring piece with the rolling state is quickly conveyed to a ring rolling station through a material loading and unloading machine or a travelling crane and is placed on a rolling platform; the core roller passes through the inner hole of the ring rolling blank from top to bottom, and moves to a rolling position; moving the upper cone roller and the lower cone roller to enable the upper cone roller and the lower cone roller to respectively contact with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the ring piece; moving the centering roller to enable the centering roller to be in contact with the outer surface of one side, close to the main roller, of the ring piece; rolling is started after the preparation is finished;
step five: in the rolling process, the main roller rotating driving ring piece rotates in the opposite direction to the main roller; the core roller gradually approaches the main roller, and starts to rotate due to friction force after contacting with the ring, and the rotating direction is the same as the rotating direction of the ring; under the action of rolling force, the wall thickness of the ring rolling blank is correspondingly reduced along with the gradual reduction of the distance between the main roller and the core roller, and the diameter of the ring piece is gradually increased; when the temperature of the ring rolling blank is reduced and the deformation resistance of the material is close to the rolling force, continuous rolling cannot be performed, the ring piece can be returned to the furnace and heated, and secondary or tertiary rolling is performed until the diameter and the wall thickness of the ring piece reach target values;
step six: after the ring piece is rolled to the target size, the core roller is moved away from the main roller, then moved upwards, and returned to the core roller for waiting the material level; at the same time, the upper cone roller, the lower cone roller and the centering roller are all far away from the ring piece and return to the initial position;
step seven: and (3) hanging the ring piece off the ring rolling station, and carrying out heat treatment and machining on the ring piece to obtain the spherical transition ring.
Preferably, in the first step, the minimum diameter of the inner hole of the ring rolling blank is more than 100mm larger than the maximum diameter of the outer surface of the core roller sleeve; the cold state height of the ring rolling blank is 2% -4% smaller than the molding surface height of the main roller sleeve; the weight of the ring rolling blank is 1% -3% greater than the weight of the target ring piece after ring rolling.
The preferable method is characterized in that in the fifth step, the rolling ratio is more than or equal to 1.5, the rolling speed is controlled to be 700-1100 mm/s, the radial feeding speed of the core roller is 0.6-1.2 mm/s, and the ring growth speed is 15-25 mm/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the invention provides a ring rolling integral forming process for a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment, which eliminates the longitudinal welding seam of the transition ring, reduces the welding and welding seam detection procedures and improves the manufacturing efficiency;
2. the circumferential welding position of the transition ring and the pressure-resistant section or the sealing head is staggered from the structural stress concentration position of the transition ring, so that the problem of superposition of welding stress and structural stress is avoided, and the pressure-bearing performance of the pressure-resistant equipment is improved.
3. The ring rolling forming process is hot forming, cold stamping of a steel plate is not needed, the problem of material strength reduction is avoided, and the material performance of the spherical transition ring is ensured;
4. according to the invention, a die-cast steel ingot or an electroslag ingot is used as a raw material, and after forging and blank making and ring rolling forming, the spherical transition ring is of a forged structure, so that loosening and shrinkage of an as-cast structure are avoided, the internal structure of the spherical transition ring is ensured, and the quality grade of a product is improved;
5. the invention provides a new ring rolling tool for preparing the spherical transition ring, and the method realizes the accurate control of the cross section size of the spherical transition ring and the roundness of the ring piece by improving the shaping surface of the main roller sleeve, the shaping surface of the core roller sleeve and the running mode of the main roller sleeve and the core roller sleeve on a ring rolling mill, thereby greatly reducing the process allowance, reducing the using amount of raw materials and realizing the integral shaping of the spherical transition ring; the spherical transition ring is delivered in a finish machining state, so that the size and form and position tolerance of the ring piece can be accurately controlled, and the welding assembly and the weight control of pressure-resistant equipment are facilitated;
6. in addition, the ring rolling tool and the ring rolling method enable the target diameter of the spherical transition ring in the preparation process not to be limited by the starting gear and the height of the upright post of the forging press, and realize the integrated forming of ring pieces with the maximum diameter of 16 meters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spherical transition ring of a prior art pressure resistant apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a spherical transition ring of a prior art pressure resistant apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a prior art spherical transition ring structure connected to cylindrical pressure resistant sections of different diameters;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spherical transition ring connected with a cylindrical pressure-resistant section and a seal head in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a prior art cold stamped melon segment of a steel sheet;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prior art melon segment solder ball face transition ring;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the ring rolling mill ring rolling tooling of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the main roll assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a main roll housing of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the main roll housing of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the core roll assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a core roll sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a core roll sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a ring rolled blank of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the radial and axial rolling principle of the ring rolling mill of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a diagram of the relative positions of the main roll, core roll, and rolling platform of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of ring rolled blank loading of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a core roll manufacturing station of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a ring rolling forming process state of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a ring rolling forming end state of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a physical diagram of a spherical transition ring of example 1;
in the above figures, 1, a main roller; 2. a core roller; 3. a ring; 4. a primary roll shaft; 5. a main roller sleeve; 6. a core roll shaft; 7. a core roller sleeve; 8. a first fitting hole; 9. a first keyway; 10. an upper stop block; 11. a lower stop block; 12. a first molding surface; 13. ring rolling of blanks; 14. a second fitting hole; 15. a second keyway; 16. a second molding surface; 17. a hanging ring; 18. an upper cone roller; 19. a lower cone roller; 20. centering rollers; 21. a rolling platform; 22. waiting for a material level; 23. rolling the position.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 7 to 14, the present application aims to provide a ring rolling tool and a ring rolling forming method for a spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant equipment, and by using a brand new integral ring rolling forming mode and matching with a special roller sleeve, the integral forming of the spherical transition ring can be realized; make up that the performance of preparing the spherical transition ring in the prior art is influenced by the preparation method, or the diameter of the spherical transition ring is limited by the open gear and the height of the upright post of the forging press; in order to achieve the above purpose, a ring rolling tool of a spherical transition ring for pressure equipment is provided, which comprises a main roller 1 and a core roller 2; when in use, the surface of the main roller 1 is contacted with the outer surface of the left end of the ring 3, and the surface of the core roller 2 is contacted with the inner surface of the left end of the ring 3; the main roller 1 is a driving roller, and the main roller 1 comprises a main roller shaft 4 and a main roller sleeve 5; the core roller 2 is a driven roller, and the core roller 2 comprises a core roller shaft 6 and a core roller sleeve 7;
as shown in fig. 8 to 10, the main roller sleeve 5 includes a first fitting hole 8, a first key groove 9, an upper stopper 10, a lower stopper 11, and a first molding surface 12; the first assembly holes 8 are formed in the center of the top surface of the main roller sleeve 5, first key grooves 9 are formed in the two ends of the first assembly holes 8, and the first key grooves 9 in the two ends of the first assembly holes 8 are distributed at an included angle of 180 degrees; the main roll shaft 4 passes through the first assembly hole 8 and is connected with the main roll sleeve 5 through a key; the upper stop block 10 is arranged on the top surface of the main roller sleeve 5, and the lower stop block 11 is arranged on the bottom surface of the main roller sleeve 5; the upper stop block 10 and the lower stop block 11 are arranged at the edge of the main roller sleeve 5, and the horizontal length of the lower surface of the upper stop block 10 is not greater than the target wall thickness of the ring 3, so as not to interfere in the ring rolling process; in the ring rolling forming process, the upper stop block 10 and the lower stop block 11 are used for limiting free flow of metal in the height direction, so that filling forming of metal at a forming surface is facilitated; the lower surface of the upper stop block 10 is provided with a rounding, and the rounding design facilitates the ring 3 to smoothly enter the first molding surface 12 area of the main roller sleeve 5; the upper surface of the lower stop block 11 is provided with a rounding and a slope, and the rounding and the slope are designed to facilitate the ring 3 to smoothly enter the first molding surface 12 area of the main roller sleeve 5; the first molding surface 12 comprises a lower surface of the upper stop block 10, an upper surface of the lower stop block 11 and a curved surface matched with the outer surface of the spherical transition ring; in addition, the ring 3 is a ring rolling blank 13 which is formed by free forging and is obtained through the steps of multiple drawing, multiple upsetting, punching, reaming, trimming and the like of 4-5 fires, and is prepared by heating and preserving heat in a heating furnace;
as shown in fig. 11 to 13, the core roller sleeve 7 includes a second fitting hole 14, a second key groove 15, and a second molding surface 16; the second assembly holes 14 are arranged in the center of the top surface of the core roller sleeve 7, second key grooves 15 are formed in the two ends of the second assembly holes 14, and the second key grooves 15 in the two ends of the second assembly holes 14 are distributed at an included angle of 180 degrees; the core roller shaft 6 passes through the second assembly hole and is connected with the core roller sleeve 7 through a key; the second molding surface 16 comprises a curved surface matched with the inner surface of the spherical transitional ring;
in order to facilitate the assembly or disassembly of the main roller sleeve 5 and the core roller sleeve 7, the main roller sleeve 5 and the core roller sleeve 7 also comprise hanging rings 17, the hanging rings 17 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the main roller sleeve 5 and the upper surface of the core roller sleeve 7, and the main roller sleeve 5 and the core roller sleeve 7 are respectively provided with 3 hanging rings 17; the hanging ring 17 is used for hanging the main roller sleeve 5 and the core roller sleeve 7; after the main roller sleeve 5 and the core roller sleeve 7 are assembled, the hanging ring 17 is detached;
in order to control the height and the end face quality of the ring 3 during ring rolling forming, the ring rolling tool further comprises an upper conical roller 18 and a lower conical roller 19, wherein the upper conical roller 18 is in contact with the upper surface of the right end of the ring 3; the lower cone roller 19 is contacted with the lower surface of the right end of the ring piece 3;
in order to control the roundness of the ring 3 during ring rolling forming, the ring rolling tool further comprises a centering roller 20, wherein the centering roller 20 is in contact with the outer surface of the side, close to the main roller, of the ring 3.
As shown in fig. 7 and 15 to 21, a ring rolling forming method of a spherical transition ring for pressure equipment of embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: freely forging and forming the die-cast steel ingot or the electroslag ingot by adopting a forging press, wherein the total forging ratio is not lower than 5.0 in the forging process; cutting off a water gap end and a riser end of the die-cast steel ingot during forging, and cutting off an arc striking end and an arc receiving end of the electroslag ingot; performing twice drawing, twice upsetting, punching, reaming and trimming on the die-cast steel ingot or the electroslag ingot for 4 times, and obtaining a forging stock after finishing trimming; machining the forged forging stock by adopting a numerical control vertical lathe to remove forging oxide skin to obtain a ring rolling blank 13; as shown in fig. 14, the minimum diameter of the inner hole of the ring rolling blank 13 is 120mm larger than the maximum diameter of the outer surface of the core roller sleeve 7; the cold state height of the ring rolling blank is 3% smaller than the molding surface height of the main roller sleeve; the weight of the ring rolling blank 13 should be 2% greater than the weight of the target ring after ring rolling;
step two: as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the main roll 1 and the core roll 2 are installed on a ring rolling mill, and after the installation is completed, the ring rolling mill is subjected to cold debugging, so that when the ring rolling mill runs, the top surface of the rolling platform 21, the bottom surface of the core roll sleeve 7 and the upper surface of the lower stop block 11 of the main roll sleeve 5 are positioned on the same horizontal plane; after debugging, the core roller 2 is moved to a waiting position 22 for rolling;
step three: quality detection is carried out on the ring rolling blank 13, the ring rolling blank 13 which is qualified in detection is placed in a heating furnace for heating, and the axis of the ring rolling blank 13 is vertical when placed; slowly heating the heating furnace, starting to keep the temperature after the heating furnace is heated to the forging temperature, and obtaining a ring 3 after keeping the temperature for a certain time and in a rolling state;
step four: as shown in fig. 7 and 17-20, the ring 3 is quickly conveyed to a ring rolling station by a material loading and taking machine and is placed on a rolling platform 21; the core roller 2 passes through the inner hole of the ring piece 3 from top to bottom and moves to a rolling position 23; the upper cone roller 18 and the lower cone roller 19 are moved, so that the upper cone roller 18 and the lower cone roller 19 are respectively contacted with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the ring 3, and the upper cone roller 18 and the lower cone roller 19 are used for controlling the height and the end surface quality of the ring 3; moving the centering roller 20 so that the centering roller 20 contacts the outer surface of the lower portion of the ring-rolled blank, the centering roller 20 being used to control the roundness of the ring 3; rolling is started after the preparation is finished;
step five: during rolling, the main roller 1 rotates clockwise to drive the ring 3 to rotate anticlockwise; the core roller 2 approaches to the main roller, the core roller 2 has no rotating power and only has rolling force in the left direction, the core roller 2 gradually approaches to the main roller 1, the core roller 2 starts to rotate under the action of friction force after contacting with the ring 3, and the rotating direction of the core roller 2 is the same as the rotating direction of the ring 3; the wall thickness of the ring 3 is gradually reduced by the extrusion force between the main roller 1 and the core roller 2, and the diameter of the ring 3 is continuously increased; in the ring rolling forming process, the rolling ratio is 1.8, the rolling speed is controlled to be 1000mm/s, the radial feeding speed of the core roller 2 is 0.8mm/s, and the growth speed of the ring 3 is 21mm/s;
when the temperature of the ring rolling blank is reduced and the deformation resistance of the material is close to the rolling force, continuous rolling cannot be performed, the ring 3 can be returned to the furnace and heated, and secondary or tertiary rolling is performed until the diameter and the wall thickness of the ring 3 reach target values;
step six: after the rolling of the ring 3 is finished, the core roller 2 is moved away from the main roller 1, then moved upwards and returned to the waiting position 22; at the same time, the upper cone roller 18, the lower cone roller 19 and the centering roller 20 are far away from the ring 3 and return to the initial position;
step seven: and (3) hanging the ring piece 3 off the ring rolling station, and carrying out heat treatment and machining on the ring piece 3 to obtain the spherical transition ring.
As shown in fig. 21, the spherical transition ring has the following dimensions: the outer diameter is 6000mm, the height is 1000mm, and the wall thickness is 80mm;
the mechanical property detection is carried out on the spherical transition ring in the embodiment 1, the yield strength detection value is 820-840 MPa, and the technical standard range of the selected materials is met.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention will still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The ring rolling tool for the spherical transition ring for the pressure-resistant device is characterized by comprising a main roller and a core roller; the surface of the main roller is contacted with the outer surface of the left end of the ring; the surface of the core roller is contacted with the inner surface of the left end of the ring piece;
the main roller is a driving roller and comprises a main roller shaft and a main roller sleeve; the core roller is a driven roller and comprises a core roller shaft and a core roller sleeve;
the main roller sleeve comprises a first assembly hole, a first key groove, an upper stop block, a lower stop block and a first molding surface; the first assembly holes are arranged on the top surface of the main roller sleeve in a vertically penetrating manner, first key grooves are formed in the two ends of the first assembly holes, and the main roller shaft penetrates through the first assembly holes and is connected with the main roller sleeve through keys; the upper stop block is arranged on the top surface of the main roller sleeve, and the lower stop block is arranged on the bottom surface of the main roller sleeve; the lower surface of the upper stop block is provided with a rounding, and the upper surface of the lower stop block is provided with a rounding and a slope; the first molding surface comprises a lower surface of the upper stop block, an upper surface of the lower stop block and a curved surface matched with the outer surface of the spherical transition ring;
the core roller sleeve comprises a second assembly hole, a second key groove and a second molding surface; the second assembly holes are arranged on the top surface of the core roller sleeve in a vertically penetrating manner, second key grooves are formed in two ends of the second assembly holes, and the core roller shaft penetrates through the second assembly holes and is connected with the core roller sleeve through keys; the second molding surface comprises a curved surface matched with the inner surface of the spherical transitional ring.
2. The ring rolling tool for the spherical transition ring for the pressure-resistant device, according to claim 1, wherein the main roller sleeve and the core roller sleeve further comprise hanging rings, and the hanging rings are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the main roller sleeve and the upper surface of the core roller sleeve.
3. The ring rolling tool for the spherical transition ring for the pressure-resistant device according to claim 1, further comprising an upper cone roller and a lower cone roller, wherein the upper cone roller is in contact with the upper surface of the right end of the ring member; the lower cone roller is contacted with the lower surface of the right end of the ring piece.
4. The ring rolling tool for the spherical transition ring for the pressure equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a centering roller, wherein the centering roller is in contact with the outer surface of the ring member on the side close to the main roller.
5. The ring rolling forming method of the spherical transition ring for pressure equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one: freely forging and forming the die-cast steel ingot or the electroslag ingot by adopting a forging press, wherein the total forging ratio is not lower than 5.0 in the forging process; cutting off a water gap end and a riser end of the die-cast steel ingot during forging, and cutting off an arc striking end and an arc receiving end of the electroslag ingot; drawing, upsetting, punching, reaming and trimming the die-cast steel ingot or electroslag ingot for 4-5 times, and obtaining a forging stock after finishing trimming; machining the forged forging stock by adopting a numerical control vertical lathe to remove forging oxide skin to obtain a ring rolling stock;
step two: the main roller and the core roller are mounted on the ring rolling mill, and after the mounting is finished, the ring rolling mill is subjected to cold debugging, so that the top surface of the rolling platform, the bottom surface of the core roller sleeve and the upper surface of the lower stop block of the main roller sleeve are positioned on the same horizontal plane when the ring rolling mill runs; after debugging, the core roller is moved to a waiting material level to be rolled;
step three: quality detection is carried out on the ring rolling blank, the ring rolling blank which is qualified in detection is placed in a heating furnace for heating, and the axis of the ring rolling blank is vertical when placed; slowly heating the heating furnace to the forging temperature, and then starting to preserve heat, wherein after preserving heat for a certain time, a ring piece with a rolling state is obtained;
step four: the ring piece with the rolling state is quickly conveyed to a ring rolling station through a material loading and unloading machine or a travelling crane and is placed on a rolling platform; the core roller passes through the inner hole of the ring rolling blank from top to bottom, and moves to a rolling position; moving the upper cone roller and the lower cone roller to enable the upper cone roller and the lower cone roller to respectively contact with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the ring piece; moving the centering roller to enable the centering roller to be in contact with the outer surface of one side, close to the main roller, of the ring piece; rolling is started after the preparation is finished;
step five: in the rolling process, the main roller rotating driving ring piece rotates in the opposite direction to the main roller; the core roller gradually approaches the main roller, and starts to rotate due to friction force after contacting with the ring, and the rotating direction is the same as the rotating direction of the ring; under the action of rolling force, the wall thickness of the ring rolling blank is correspondingly reduced along with the gradual reduction of the distance between the main roller and the core roller, and the diameter of the ring piece is gradually increased; when the temperature of the ring rolling blank is reduced and the deformation resistance of the material is close to the rolling force, continuous rolling cannot be performed, the ring piece can be returned to the furnace and heated, and secondary or tertiary rolling is performed until the diameter and the wall thickness of the ring piece reach target values;
step six: after the ring piece is rolled to the target size, the core roller is moved away from the main roller, then moved upwards, and returned to the core roller for waiting the material level; at the same time, the upper cone roller, the lower cone roller and the centering roller are all far away from the ring piece and return to the initial position;
step seven: and (3) hanging the ring piece off the ring rolling station, and carrying out heat treatment and machining on the ring piece to obtain the spherical transition ring.
6. The ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure equipment according to claim 5, wherein in the first step, the minimum diameter of the inner hole of the ring rolling blank is more than 100mm larger than the maximum diameter of the outer surface of the core roller sleeve; the cold state height of the ring rolling blank is 2% -4% smaller than the molding surface height of the main roller sleeve; the weight of the ring rolling blank is 1% -3% greater than the weight of the target ring piece after ring rolling.
7. The ring rolling forming method of the spherical transition ring for the pressure-resistant device, which is disclosed in claim 5, is characterized in that in the fifth step, the rolling ratio is more than or equal to 1.5, the rolling speed is controlled to be 700 mm/s-1100 mm/s, the radial feeding speed of the core roller is controlled to be 0.6 mm/s-1.2 mm/s, and the growth speed of the ring piece is controlled to be 15 mm/s-25 mm/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311453684.6A CN117444106A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Ring rolling tool and ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311453684.6A CN117444106A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Ring rolling tool and ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117444106A true CN117444106A (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311453684.6A Pending CN117444106A (en) | 2023-11-03 | 2023-11-03 | Ring rolling tool and ring rolling forming method of spherical transition ring for pressure-resistant device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117444106A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-03 CN CN202311453684.6A patent/CN117444106A/en active Pending
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