CN117433480A

CN117433480A - High-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on remote sensing monitoring

Info

Publication number: CN117433480A
Application number: CN202311341167.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁志明; 谢运广; 梁文毫; 杨丽娅; 刘禹麒
Original assignee: Guangdong Guodi Planning Technology Co ltd; Guangzhou Lantu Geographic Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Guodi Planning Technology Co ltd; Guangzhou Lantu Geographic Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-10-17
Filing date: 2023-10-17
Publication date: 2024-01-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on remote sensing monitoring, comprising the following steps: the sensing module is used for acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object; the communication module is used for transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform; the safety monitoring cloud platform is used for analyzing the monitoring data, calculating the position and displacement information of the monitoring station and providing real-time millimeter-level deformation data for engineering monitoring; and the risk analysis early warning module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data based on the safety monitoring cloud platform and outputting risk assessment and early warning information outwards in a mode of combining an early warning matrix. The intelligent sensing system can systematically provide a solution for full service chain safety monitoring and early warning in the fields of geological disasters, highway and railway slopes, water conservancy and hydropower, urban safety and the like.

Description

High-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on remote sensing monitoring

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of early warning, in particular to a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring early warning system and method based on remote sensing monitoring.

Background

At present, on-line safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower engineering such as dam and embankment engineering is facing a plurality of challenges, and the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a low-cost high-reliability safety monitoring sensing system is a huge difficulty faced by the safety monitoring of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. At present, single sensor market competition is sufficient and low in price, and the sensors can introduce a plurality of intermediate devices such as RTU (real time Unit), MCU (micro control Unit) and the like aiming at systematic application of engineering, so that the condition that engineering safety monitoring cost is high is caused, and the data format is difficult to unify due to competition relation among equipment manufacturers, so that safety monitoring is unreliable.

And secondly, uninterrupted communication is a great challenge for safety monitoring of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. At present, the traditional cellular network communication is perfect in urban coverage, but has signal coverage imperfection and even communication blind areas in various water conservancy and hydropower engineering aiming at various field engineering, and the traditional communication base station is easy to cause base station damage when disasters occur to cause communication paralysis, which are bottlenecks facing safety monitoring of the water conservancy and hydropower engineering.

The traditional measuring and monitoring means for precision engineering are to select equipment such as a tension wire, a fixed inclinometer, a static level and the like to monitor dam settlement and displacement, so that measurement data is inaccurate.

Disaster risk identification based on safety monitoring data is a challenge facing the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering industry. The disaster risk identification of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering is a main purpose of engineering safety monitoring and is also a key for providing decision support for safety protection, but the safety risk identification of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering is a relatively complex process, and a plurality of subjects and industry knowledge are required to be fused, so that the disaster risk identification is a key point for the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering safety monitoring and is also a difficult problem facing the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the above-described technology. Therefore, the first aim of the invention is to provide a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring, which can solve the problems of geological disasters, highway and railway slopes, water conservancy and hydropower, urban safety and other fields and provide a solution for full-service-chain safety monitoring and early warning for sensing intelligence. The second aim of the invention is to provide a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning method based on remote sensing monitoring.

In order to achieve the above objective, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring, including:

The sensing module is used for acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object;

the communication module is used for transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform;

the safety monitoring cloud platform is used for analyzing the monitoring data, calculating the position and displacement information of the monitoring station and providing real-time millimeter-level deformation data for engineering monitoring;

and the risk analysis early warning module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data based on the safety monitoring cloud platform and outputting risk assessment and early warning information outwards in a mode of combining an early warning matrix.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the sensing module comprises:

the dam safety monitoring module is used for acquiring monitoring data of a dam body of a monitored object;

the embankment project monitoring module is used for acquiring monitoring data of the embankment project of a monitored object;

and the reservoir side slope monitoring module is used for acquiring monitoring data of the reservoir side slope of the monitored object.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the dam safety monitoring module comprises:

the first deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring the deformation of the whole or part of the dam and comprises dam body surface displacement monitoring, dam body internal deformation monitoring and crack monitoring;

the first seepage monitoring module is used for detecting dam seepage data obtained by a dam foundation, a dam body, dam winding seepage pressure and a downstream water measuring weir meter, and determining seepage conditions, including first seepage pressure monitoring and first seepage monitoring;

The first pressure monitoring module comprises first soil pressure monitoring and first stress strain and temperature monitoring; the first soil pressure monitoring is used for monitoring the stress of the foundation of the earth-rock dam, the soil pressure in the earth-rock dam, the sediment accumulation pressure of the upstream surface of the dam and the soil pressure at two sides of the protection wall of the earth-rock cofferdam; the first stress strain and temperature monitoring is used for measuring the strain and the temperature of the interiors of various concrete structures of the dam;

the first environment quantity monitoring module is used for monitoring rainwater condition data and video image data of the dam and comprises water level monitoring, a rainfall monitoring station and video monitoring.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a dike engineering monitoring module comprises:

the second deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring the deformation of the embankment body, including the deformation of the surface of the embankment body, the deformation of the interior of the embankment body and the deformation of the settlement joint of the flood wall;

the second seepage monitoring module is used for obtaining dam foundation, dam body and dam surrounding seepage data through the data obtained by burying the seepage pressure gauges on each dam body, and judging dam seepage conditions by referring to the dam seepage data measured by the downstream water measuring weir, wherein the second seepage pressure monitoring and the second seepage monitoring are included;

the second pressure monitoring module comprises a second soil pressure monitoring module and a second stress strain and temperature monitoring module; the second soil pressure monitoring is used for monitoring the stress of the contact part of the flood control wall foundation and the foundation, the stress of the embankment base and the soil pressure in the embankment body; the second stress strain and temperature monitoring is used for strain measurement and temperature inside various concrete structures of the embankment;

The second environment quantity monitoring module is used for monitoring rainwater condition data and video image data of the embankment and comprises water level monitoring, a rainfall monitoring station and video monitoring.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a pool slope monitoring module comprises:

the third deformation monitoring module is used for monitoring the deformation of the slope in the reservoir area, and comprises slope surface displacement monitoring, slope internal displacement monitoring and slope crack monitoring;

the third seepage monitoring module is used for drilling and burying a pressure measuring pipe at a monitoring position, distributing the length of a corresponding permeable material according to different monitoring purposes and the seepage characteristics of the monitoring position, and collecting the seepage pressure and the underground water level in the pipe in real time through a seepage pressure sensor arranged in the pressure measuring pipe;

and the third environment quantity monitoring module is used for monitoring rainwater condition data and video image data of the side slope of the reservoir area and comprises water level monitoring, a rainfall monitoring station and video monitoring.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the communication module is a multi-loop dual backup communication link, and is composed of a cellular mobile communication network and a space-based satellite network.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a security monitoring cloud platform comprises:

the data acquisition layer comprises safety monitoring, rainwater condition monitoring, water quality monitoring, video monitoring and environment monitoring;

The data transmission layer comprises satellite communication, 4G/5G cellular, narrowband Internet of things and optical fibers;

the data collection and processing layer comprises data cleaning, data analysis, data collection, data storage, heterogeneous data fusion, information processing clusters, a network storage system, time sequence data processing and a double-data service center;

the parallel service calculation layer comprises service group scheduling, real-time dynamic stability evaluation, parameterized intelligent evaluation calculation and service calculation;

the application layer facing the user comprises business application, access terminal, front end display, subscription publishing and interaction system.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the risk analysis pre-warning module comprises:

the data acquisition module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data based on the safety monitoring cloud platform and determining analysis data, wherein the analysis data comprise exploration data, surface deformation data, beidou GNSS data, crack data, seepage data, rainfall, water level, video, internal deformation data, displacement, stress and sensor data;

the analysis module is used for analyzing the deformation of the dam from the dimensions of time forecast, displacement analysis, data analysis, risk and susceptibility evaluation based on the analysis data, obtaining the forecast time and displacement change condition of the occurrence of disasters and the stability state of the dam body, and generating a combined early warning matrix;

And the early warning module is used for transmitting the combined early warning matrix to the user side.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the communication module comprises:

the first sending module is used for:

adding transmission information to the monitoring data; the sending information comprises a sending serial number, a sending time stamp and a CRC check code;

transmitting the monitoring data added with the transmitting information to a security monitoring cloud platform based on a plurality of data nodes in a preset time period;

the detection module is used for:

acquiring data transmission information of a plurality of data nodes;

determining data transmission path information among a plurality of data nodes according to the data transmission information; the data transmission path information comprises the transmission times and the transmission data quantity of different data nodes in a preset time period;

determining the output data quantity and the input data quantity of each data node in a preset time period according to the data transmission path information;

determining the difference value of the output data quantity and the input data quantity of each data node in a preset time period, and marking the data node with the difference value smaller than the preset difference value as an abnormal data node;

a retransmission module for:

acquiring the stored data volume in the abnormal data node, and retransmitting the stored data volume to the security monitoring cloud platform based on the hypertext transfer protocol;

A second sending module, configured to:

determining current data to be sent according to the data sent to the security monitoring cloud platform in the monitoring data;

removing abnormal data nodes from a plurality of data nodes, and determining corrected data nodes;

transmitting the data to be transmitted to a security monitoring cloud platform based on the corrected data node;

the security monitoring cloud platform is used for verifying received data according to the sent information, verifying the source correctness of the data, and generating indication information of successful data transmission when verification passes.

In order to achieve the above objective, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for dynamically monitoring and early warning a high-precision position in real time based on remote sensing monitoring, comprising:

acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object;

transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform;

analyzing the monitoring data, calculating the position and displacement information of the monitoring station, and providing real-time millimeter-level deformation data for engineering monitoring;

and carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data based on the safety monitoring cloud platform, and outputting risk assessment and early warning information outwards in a mode of combining an early warning matrix.

The invention provides a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring early warning system and a method based on remote sensing monitoring, which are used as a dam safety online monitoring system taking millimeter-level high-precision position service as a core.

Adopt professional big dipper monitoring facilities, multicircuit communication link, combine big dipper safety monitoring cloud platform, establish the omnidirectional three-dimensional monitoring system, concretely following advantage:

1. realizing automatic acquisition, transmission and storage of monitoring data;

2. combining with a Beidou high-precision position calculation algorithm, wherein the monitoring precision reaches the millimeter and sub-millimeter level;

3. realizing multi-source data fusion, three-dimensional visual display and intelligent auxiliary decision-making;

4. and combining an intelligent catastrophe assessment early warning model to realize real-time intelligent dam safety monitoring early warning.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the overall design architecture of a Beidou safety monitoring and early warning platform according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dam safety monitoring module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dam safety monitoring module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dike engineering monitoring module according to one embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bank engineering monitoring module according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a slope monitoring module according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a slope monitoring module according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a broadband satellite communication data communication flow in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a diagram of a monitoring cloud platform design architecture according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is an illustration of a monitoring cloud platform according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent risk analysis pre-warning architecture according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a flowchart of a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning method based on remote sensing monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on remote sensing monitoring provided by the invention are specifically described according to the attached figures 1-13.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring, including:

the sensing module is used for acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object;

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: the monitoring object is a reservoir dam. The Beidou high-precision position resolving technology comprises a GNSS receiver and a high-precision differential positioning technology, synchronous observation data are received based on a monitoring station and a receiver on a reference station, wherein the sensing module comprises the sensing module, the synchronous observation data are encrypted and sent to a safety monitoring cloud platform, the platform end integrated high-precision station star differential positioning module calculates the position and displacement information of the monitoring station, and real-time millimeter-level deformation data can be provided for engineering monitoring. The model of the GNSS receiver is AIM-HW1V30, which is a high-precision geodetic Beidou receiver, supports multi-system (BDS/GPS/GLONASS/Galileo) full-band signals, supports Beidou three-generation satellite signals, supports various navigation data formats in the current and future, and integrates intelligent dynamic sensitive signal tracking technology. The BDS signal tracking system has strong BDS signal tracking capability, and ensures availability and reliability in a complex environment. The Beidou single system positioning is supported, and other system joint positioning can be fused. The method is widely applied to the fields of geological disasters, rail transit, water conservancy dams, traffic transportation, engineering monitoring and the like.

The communication module is used for transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform; a multi-loop double-backup communication technology in the field of safety monitoring is jointly created, and uninterrupted real-time data transmission in any area can be met. The monitoring point and the broadband satellite adopt an Ad hoc network technology based on the Internet of things wireless communication, data of the monitoring point with the range of more than 5 km are converged, and the data are transmitted to a data center by uniformly utilizing a broadband satellite facility. The intelligent self-adaptive network selection of the multi-loop double-backup communication technology always keeps the optimal network for data transmission, thereby not only optimizing the cost, but also ensuring the reliable and uninterrupted transmission of the data.

The risk analysis early warning module utilizes an intelligent catastrophe assessment early warning technology of multi-physical field coupling, utilizes sensors to monitor engineering catastrophe development processes, development mechanisms and various induction factors to extract a data physical model based on real working conditions, realizes a scene one model, and provides catastrophe risk assessment and early warning for users through multi-disciplinary cross extraction early warning parameters such as environmental science, geological science, engineering mechanics, solid mechanics, engineering science and the like based on artificial intelligent AI risk assessment of big data analysis and self-learning models. And carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data of the monitoring points, and sending out early warning information in time. The early warning information department can prompt in real time through an interface and can push through a report form, an email and a short message.

As a dam safety on-line monitoring system taking millimeter-level high-precision position service as a core, the system comprises a safety monitoring internet-of-things sensing system taking high-precision position service as a core, an uninterrupted multi-loop communication link taking a broadband satellite as a core and an decentralizing AI safety risk recognition system, and can systematically solve the problems of geological disasters, highway and railway slopes, water conservancy and hydropower, urban safety and other fields and provide a solution of intelligent sensing full-service chain safety monitoring and early warning. According to some embodiments of the invention, the sensing module comprises:

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the dam body, the embankment project and the side slope of the reservoir area of the monitoring object are obtained, and the comprehensiveness of the obtained data is improved.

As shown in fig. 3-4, according to some embodiments of the invention, the dam safety monitoring module includes:

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: by adopting professional monitoring equipment, a multi-loop communication link and combining a Beidou safety monitoring cloud platform, an omnibearing three-dimensional monitoring system is established, so that the deformation shape of the dam body of the monitored object is known, the safety of project construction and the safe operation of a structure are ensured, the engineering benefit is fully exerted, and the safety production service is better.

Different monitoring items are correspondingly arranged according to factors such as different dam engineering grades, scales, structural types, terrains, geological conditions, geographical environments and the like, and main monitoring contents of dam monitoring comprise deformation monitoring, seepage monitoring, pressure (stress) monitoring, environment quantity monitoring and the like.

1. First deformation monitoring module

The deformation rule of the dam under the action of the dead weight, the water pressure, the temperature and other environmental quantities is mastered by monitoring the deformation of the whole or part of the dam, and the trends of dam body displacement, crack existence, inclination and the like are researched. The main contents of deformation monitoring include surface deformation, internal deformation, seepage-proofing body deformation, crack joint change, near-dam bank slope displacement and the like.

(1) Dam body surface displacement monitoring

The Beidou high-precision positioning displacement monitoring mainly comprises the steps of constructing a Beidou high-precision displacement monitoring station on a monitoring point, matching with a Beidou reference station in a geological structure stable area, transmitting received satellite navigation positioning original observed quantity back to a cloud platform through a multi-loop double-backup communication link, and carrying out data calculation by the cloud platform through a Beidou static post-processing algorithm to obtain a result, so that millimeter-level displacement monitoring on the surface of a dam body is realized.

1) Performance advantage

1. The Beidou high-precision positioning technology has the capability of avoiding the influence of severe weather when working under all-weather conditions, and all monitoring stations do not need to be in a through view, so that the Beidou high-precision positioning technology can be used in environments with complex geological conditions and meteorological conditions.

2. And a plurality of GNSS algorithms are integrated, so that the method has high availability and reliability, and has the horizontal precision of 2mm and the elevation precision of 3mm.

3. The integrated Beidou receiver has the advantages of high precision, low power consumption, high cost performance and convenience in installation of field equipment.

2) Monitoring arrangement

1. The surface deformation monitoring points are preferably arranged in a section mode. The opposite surface is divided into a monitoring cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the dam and a monitoring vertical section parallel to the axial direction of the dam.

2. The monitoring cross section should be selected at the maximum dam height or the original river bed, closure segments, abrupt terrain changes, complicated geological conditions and possible abnormal buried pipes in the dam, and is generally not less than three. If the reservoir is a small reservoir, the reservoir can be laid according to the actual situation on site.

3. The number of the monitoring longitudinal sections is generally not less than 4, 1-2 monitoring longitudinal sections are distributed on the upstream side and the downstream side of the dam crest, 1 monitoring longitudinal section is distributed above the normal water storage level of the upstream dam slope, and the monitoring longitudinal sections are required to be set as required below the normal water storage level. 1 to 3 downstream dam slopes are preferably arranged above 1/2 dam height; 1 to 2 should be laid below 1/2 dam height.

4. The monitoring cross-sectional distance is preferably 20-50m when the dam axis is less than 300m, and is preferably 50-300m when the length of the dam axis is greater than 300m.

(2) Monitoring of internal deformation of dam

Through installing inclinometers at different degree of depth positions of dam structure, the data acquisition terminal that the cooperation company independently developed is used for monitoring the inside different degree of depth horizontal direction's of dam main body structure active state and deformation law. And measuring the inclination of the sensor to obtain the displacement profile of the inclinometer pipe, and drawing the integral deformation curve of the inclinometer pipe by combining the data of inclinometers with different depths in the inclinometer pipe. Thereby monitoring the horizontal displacement of different deep hierarchies inside the dam.

1) Performance advantage

1. The continuous monitoring of 24 hours of all weather without being influenced by bad weather can be realized, and the displacement inside the dam is monitored.

2. The scale distance configuration is flexible, different scale distance lengths are used for meeting different monitoring requirements, and the short scale distance configuration is used for monitoring the concerned area to obtain detailed monitoring data; other areas are monitored with a long gauge configuration. The cost can be better monitored and controlled.

2) Monitoring arrangement

The internal deformation monitoring section of the dam body (foundation) should be arranged at the maximum dam height, closure section, geological and terrain complex section, structure and construction weak position. 2-3 monitoring cross sections can be arranged, and the number of the vertical lines and the measuring points arranged on each cross section is determined by an arrangement mode.

(3) Crack monitoring

The earth-rock dam has a certain degree of cracks in part of the main body structure due to the long-time internal and external force action, different deformation rates among different structures of the dam body and the like. And installing a crack meter at the crack position, monitoring the deformation condition of the crack on the surface of the dam body in real time, and knowing the real-time change condition of the crack on the surface of the dam body in time.

2. First seepage monitoring module

The dam foundation, the dam body and the dam surrounding seepage pressure can be obtained by seepage monitoring data obtained through the seepage pressure meters at all positions, meanwhile, the dam seepage flow data obtained by the downstream water measuring weir meter is referenced, and the dam seepage condition is judged, so that the safety of the dam is ensured.

(1) Seepage pressure monitoring

The seepage pressure monitoring is to drill holes in the designed monitoring position to embed pressure measuring pipes, and to lay the corresponding lengths of the seepage materials according to different monitoring purposes and the seepage characteristics of the monitoring positions. Then, an osmotic pressure sensor is placed in the pressure measuring tube, and the osmotic pressure in the tube is collected in real time.

1) The dam seepage pressure observation mainly comprises the observation of pressure distribution on the section of the dam and the determination of the position of a seepage line.

2) The dam foundation seepage pressure observation mainly comprises observation of seepage pressure distribution conditions of key parts such as a natural rock soil layer of the dam foundation, artificial seepage prevention and drainage facilities and the like.

3) The dam-surrounding seepage pressure observation mainly comprises two-bank mountain-surrounding seepage or two-bank groundwater supply seepage flow observation.

(2) Seepage flow monitoring

And observing and measuring seepage water flow generated by the dam body, the dam foundation and the two banks around the dam under the action of the upstream and downstream water level difference. The automatic monitoring is mainly aimed at a water measuring weir method, and is usually aimed at a flow rate within 300L/s, and an ultrasonic flowmeter is adopted when the flow rate is greater than 300L/s.

The arrangement of seepage monitoring equipment is determined according to dam type and dam foundation geological conditions, seepage water flow and collection conditions, the adopted measuring method and the like, and seepage flow of a dam body, a dam foundation and seepage flow around the dam is measured in a partitioned and segmented mode.

3. A first pressure monitoring module for monitoring pressure (stress)

(1) Soil pressure monitoring

The soil pressure monitoring is used for monitoring the stress of the foundation of the earth-rock dam, the soil pressure in the earth-rock dam, the sediment accumulation pressure of the upstream surface of the dam, the soil pressure on two sides of the protection wall of the earth-rock cofferdam and the like.

The soil pressure gauge is suitable for measuring the compressive stress of soil in each structure for a long time, is effective monitoring equipment for knowing the change amount of the soil pressure in the structure to be measured, and can synchronously measure the temperature of the buried point.

(2) Stress strain and temperature monitoring

The stress strain and temperature are used for measuring the strain in various concrete structures, such as concrete panels, asphalt concrete core walls, impermeable concrete and the like. Monitoring these host structures at the microscopic level is an important item for dam safety monitoring.

The monitoring instrument such as stress strain, steel bar stress and temperature is buried in the dam body during early casting along with the concrete, and synchronous monitoring along with the development of the building progress.

The method is used for monitoring the deformation of the inner part of the dam body and simultaneously combining the surface deformation monitoring and seepage monitoring items.

4. First environmental quantity monitoring module

The rain condition monitoring equipment and the video monitoring equipment adopt an integrated structural design, and the rain gauge, the radar water level gauge, the high-definition network ball machine and the remote measuring terminal machine are integrated on the vertical rod, so that automatic acquisition and transmission of rain condition data and video image data are realized. The system monitors real-time data such as water level and rainfall of the reservoir, and simultaneously realizes remote image monitoring in cooperation with video monitoring, so that accurate and timely field information is provided for guaranteeing proper water storage and safe flood of the reservoir, and important effects are played in the aspect of protecting life and property safety of people.

(1) Water level monitoring

The method is used for monitoring the change condition of the reservoir water level in real time, particularly the change condition during rainfall in flood season and production discharge, guiding production through real-time monitoring of reservoir water level data, and carrying out comprehensive analysis in cooperation with other monitoring systems, such as influence of rainfall on reservoir water level, whether the influence of reservoir water level change on a infiltration line is obvious, and the like.

The water level gauge is arranged on an upstream dam slope, a stable position of a bank slope or other permanent buildings, and meets the requirements of stable water level, small influence of wind waves or leakage flow on the water surface, automatic collection of water level data from a dead water level to a dam crest and convenient installation and observation.

(2) Rainfall monitoring station:

the rainfall factor can produce great influence to the stability of dam structure, and a large amount of rainfall can lead to the rising of storehouse water level, if untimely processing can lead to reservoir capacity, water pressure, the inside water level of dam body to change, influences dam structure safety.

The precipitation observation points are generally arranged at flat and open places on the dam, so that shielding or wind interference caused by terrains, trees and buildings is avoided. The area of the reservoir flow field exceeds 20km ² The observation points added in the process are generally arranged in a reservoir area, and the positions are represented by the river basin.

(3) Video monitoring

The video monitoring system is an important means for real-time monitoring by the dam management department, and the dam management department can obtain effective data, image video or sound information through the dam management department and timely monitor and memorize the process of sudden abnormal events.

The video monitoring adopts an industrial camera, and can monitor the conditions of reservoir drainage, water storage and the like. The timing photo taking can be performed, and the photo and the video stream can be returned in real time. The built-in memory card is capable of locally storing video and photos for a certain time.

As shown in fig. 5-6, according to some embodiments of the invention, a dike engineering monitoring module includes:

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: the embankment engineering refers to a water retaining building built along the edges of a river, canal, lake, coast or flood area, flood diversion area, reclamation area. The method is a main measure for preventing flood from flooding and protecting residents and industrial and agricultural production, exerts great social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit in aspects of flood control, irrigation, water supply, shipping, water conservation and the like, and is an important guarantee for maintaining safe operation of the deformation monitoring work of the improvement prevention project.

The system is divided into three stages of acquisition stations, a monitoring master station and a dike engineering safety monitoring and early warning center, wherein the dike engineering safety monitoring and early warning system adopts an integrated intelligent distributed structure, and the acquisition stations are set up by taking dike monitoring sections or dike segments as measurement and control units. The plurality of acquisition stations respectively transmit signals to the monitoring master station by using the LoRa, and the monitoring master station simultaneously controls the plurality of acquisition stations and sends instructions such as sensor setting, acquisition parameters, alarm parameters and the like to each acquisition station.

The embankment engineering monitoring comprises embankment deformation monitoring, seepage monitoring, soil pressure and stress monitoring, environment quantity monitoring and the like, the selection of the safety monitoring station is based on-site investigation data and historical water conservancy disaster data, and the specific position of the monitoring station is selected and set through comprehensive analysis.

1. Second deformation monitoring module

The dyke body can produce the displacement under the effect of external pressure, can cause the deformation of dyke body when the displacement warp to a certain extent, can seriously lead to the dyke that breaks to lead to flood inundation, cause huge influence to people's life property. The deformation monitoring mainly comprises surface displacement, internal displacement and deformation of the settlement joint.

(1) Monitoring of surface displacement of embankment body

The Beidou high-precision receiver is matched with the choke coil antenna, multipath signals generated by water surfaces, road surfaces and the like are reduced or eliminated, the monitoring precision is improved, and the monitoring precision of 2mm+1ppm of a plane and 3mm+1ppm of a vertical plane is achieved. All-weather, automatic and high-precision monitoring is realized.

(2) Deep inclinometer

The inclinometer is used for monitoring the activity state and deformation rule of the dam main body structure in the horizontal direction. By installing fixed inclinometers at different depth positions of the embankment body structure, the inclination of the sensor is measured to obtain the displacement profile of the inclinometer pipe, and the integral deformation curve of the inclinometer pipe is drawn by combining the data of the inclinometers at different depths in the inclinometer pipe. Thereby monitoring the horizontal displacement of different deep hierarchical structures inside the embankment body.

(3) Flood wall settlement joint monitoring

The settlement joint is arranged on the flood control wall, so that the integral damage of the flood control wall caused by uneven settlement of the foundation can be effectively prevented. The crack meter is adopted to monitor the opening and closing of the settlement joint, so that a reliable data basis can be provided for the overall stability of the flood control wall.

2. Second seepage monitoring module

Under the action of high river water level, the embankment body and the embankment base of the embankment project have seepage phenomena, and the seepage phenomena have great influence on the overall stability of the embankment project.

The dam foundation, the dam body and the dam winding seepage data can be obtained by seepage monitoring data obtained by burying the seepage pressure meters on each dam body, and meanwhile, the dam seepage condition is judged by referring to the dam seepage data measured by the downstream water measuring weir meter, so that the safety of the dam is ensured.

(1) Seepage monitoring

The seepage pressure monitoring is to adopt a pressure measuring pipe buried in a drill hole at a monitoring position, and to arrange the length of a corresponding permeable material according to different monitoring purposes and the seepage characteristics of the monitoring position. And collecting the seepage pressure in the pipe in real time through an seepage pressure sensor arranged in the pressure measuring pipe.

1. The pressure observation of the dyke body seepage mainly comprises the observation of the pressure distribution on the section of the dyke body and the determination of the position of the seepage line.

2. The observation of the seepage pressure of the embankment mainly comprises the observation of the seepage pressure distribution condition of key parts such as the natural rock and soil layers of the embankment.

(2) Seepage flow monitoring

And the seepage water flow generated by the embankment body and the embankment base is monitored and measured by the water measuring weir meter under the action of the upstream and downstream water level difference.

3. Second pressure monitoring module

(1) Soil pressure monitoring

The soil pressure monitoring is used for monitoring the stress of the contact part of the flood wall foundation and the foundation, the stress of the embankment base and the soil pressure in the embankment body. The pressure stress of the soil body in the structure can be measured for a long time, and the change of the soil pressure in the structure to be measured can be known. And a reliable data basis is provided for the stability of the embankment engineering.

(2) Stress strain and temperature monitoring

The stress and strain monitoring is to compare the strength indexes of materials such as concrete and steel bars of the flood wall, and monitor the structures of the flood wall from a microscopic level so as to know the safety condition of the flood wall.

The stress strain and the temperature are used for measuring the strain in various concrete structures, and are important items for monitoring the safety of the dam. The surface deformation monitoring is mainly macro monitoring of the dam, and the stress strain monitoring is micro monitoring of the dam.

4. Second environmental quantity monitoring module

The monitoring of the environmental quantity adopts a structural integrated monitoring device, and a rain gauge, a radar or bubble water level gauge, a high-definition network ball machine and a data collector are integrated on the vertical rod, so that the automatic collection and transmission of the river water level, the rainfall and the video image data are realized.

As shown in fig. 7-8, according to some embodiments of the invention, a pool slope monitoring module includes:

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: the automatic collection of the side slope risk and hidden danger data is realized by carrying out uninterrupted real-time safety monitoring on the side slope. And the data is continuously returned to the cloud platform through the multi-loop double-backup communication link, and the real-time monitoring on the hidden danger of the side slope and the timely early warning on the risk are realized through the intelligent catastrophe evaluation system and the safety monitoring early warning system of the cloud platform.

According to the level, scale, structural style and topography, geological conditions and geographical environment of the unstable body, necessary monitoring items are set, and main monitoring contents comprise: deformation monitoring, seepage monitoring, environmental quantity monitoring and the like.

1. Third deformation monitoring module

(1) Slope surface displacement monitoring

Big dipper high accuracy location displacement monitoring is mainly through construction big dipper high accuracy displacement monitoring station on the side slope, combines the big dipper reference station of stable regional construction to realize carrying out high accuracy monitoring to the little deformation of side slope, and monitoring accuracy can reach horizontal direction 2mm, vertical direction 3mm.

(2) Slope internal displacement monitoring

The inclinometer is arranged at different depth positions of the slope body structure and is used for monitoring the moving states and deformation rules of the slope sliding surface structure in different depth horizontal directions. And measuring the inclination of the sensor to obtain the displacement profile of the inclinometer pipe, and drawing the integral deformation curve of the inclinometer pipe by combining the data of inclinometers with different depths in the inclinometer pipe. Thereby monitoring the deep displacement of the side slope.

(3) Slope crack monitoring

And monitoring crack characteristic changes of landslide by using a ground surface crack displacement meter to reflect whether the geological disaster point changes or not, so as to assist in judging the movement trend and the change condition of the landslide.

2. Third seepage monitoring module

The up-down change of the underground water level easily causes the Bian Poyan soil body to generate bad geological phenomena such as deformation, slippage, collapse instability and the like, and meanwhile, the underground water generates seepage pressure pointing to the temporary surface on the side slope due to the action of hydraulic gradient when seepage in the side slope, so that the side slope is stable and unfavorable.

The seepage monitoring is to adopt a pressure measuring pipe buried in a drilling hole at a monitoring position, and to arrange the length of the corresponding permeable material according to different monitoring purposes and the seepage characteristics of the monitoring position. And through an osmotic pressure sensor arranged in the pressure measuring pipe, the osmotic pressure and the groundwater level in the pipe are collected in real time.

3. Third environmental quantity monitoring module

The monitoring of the environment quantity adopts a structural integrated monitoring device, and a rain gauge, a high-definition network ball machine and a data collector are integrated on the vertical rod, so that the automatic collection and transmission of the rainfall and video image data are realized.

As shown in fig. 9, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the communication module is a multi-loop dual-backup communication link, and is composed of a cellular mobile communication network and a space-based satellite network.

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: the monitored object has areas where the cellular network is not covered or where the cellular network signals are unstable. In order to ensure that monitoring data can be continuously and real-time returned to the cloud platform, the system designs a multi-loop double-backup communication link, and the system consists of a cellular mobile communication network and a space-based satellite network. The cellular mobile communication is 3/4/5G which is used at ordinary times, and has very wide application, but when a disaster occurs, the cellular mobile network is very easily affected and interrupted, so a backup communication mode is very needed, satellite communication is not limited by regions, and is not affected by various infrastructures like a base station. Through the double backup mechanism, the system communicates through the cellular network when the cellular signal is normal, and can automatically switch to the space-based satellite network for data transmission when the cellular signal is bad or interrupted. The space-based satellite communication network has wide coverage range and flexible deployment mode. By means of the integration technology of aerospace science and technology and army and people, satellite communication ground communication terminals are deployed in the field of urban key safety production, an uninterrupted space-based communication system can be provided for urban safety operation, and all important information is ensured to be uninterrupted. Among communication satellites, a broadband communication satellite has the characteristics of large capacity and high bandwidth utilization rate.

As shown in fig. 2, according to some embodiments of the invention, a security monitoring cloud platform includes:

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: the security monitoring cloud platform is designed by adopting a five-layer architecture, namely a data acquisition layer, a data transmission layer, a data collection and data processing layer, a parallel service calculation layer and an application layer facing a user, and meanwhile, in order to ensure stable and good operation of the system, the system adopts a self-learning mode to erect the self-checking and maintenance functions of the system.

As shown in fig. 10-11, specifically, in an embodiment, the security monitoring cloud platform integrates a beidou static post-processing algorithm, an image data processing module, an intelligent early warning module, a data interaction and control module, an equipment control upgrading module and the like, and supports mass data storage, analysis and calculation. Dynamic monitoring and early warning of the whole area, the total quantity, the total time rainfall, the water level, the dam safety and the like can be realized, and the risk prediction and decision scheduling (such as upstream water supply prediction, flood discharge scheduling, water supply and demand analysis, water resource optimal allocation, emergency command and the like) and multi-service comprehensive services (such as inspection and inspection, observation and early warning, safety assessment, maintenance, comprehensive management and the like) are integrated.

By combining responsibility and business requirements of water conservancy departments, a business application system is built aiming at the directions of reservoir operation management, hydraulic engineering construction management and the like. Through informatization means, the business capability and scientific decision level of management personnel are comprehensively improved, management processes are standardized, and management efficiency is improved.

(2) Platform characteristics

1. And the system is seamlessly compatible with each service system, sensors, an intranet database, a geographic information data source, and the fusion and the deep integration of monitoring video data.

2. The linkage resources of each level, each department and each region are deeply integrated, and visual management and linkage collaborative combat of cross-organization departments, cross-region and cross-industry are realized.

3. The intelligent sensing, monitoring and early warning, inspection maintenance, big data analysis, information service and emergency response are integrated, and an integrated service system is constructed.

4. The method supports model algorithms such as data real-time display, situation history backtracking, data analysis mining, machine learning, video AI and the like, and provides scientific basis for management decisions.

As shown in fig. 12, according to some embodiments of the invention, the risk analysis early warning module includes:

The technical scheme has the working principle and beneficial effects that: and the comprehensive three-dimensional monitoring early warning and predictive analysis means are adopted to monitor the deformation development trend and the stable state of the monitoring area during the monitoring period, and early warning and forecasting are timely sent out. The method comprises the steps of extracting data required by operation from multi-source heterogeneous data, including hydrologic survey data, surface deformation data (GNSS, cracks and the like), seepage, rainfall, water level, video, internal deformation data and the like, analyzing dam deformation from several angles such as time forecast, displacement analysis, data analysis, danger, susceptibility evaluation and the like, acquiring prediction time, displacement change condition and dam stability state of disasters, and informing a user in various forms by taking the prediction time, displacement change condition and dam stability state as early warning results so as to facilitate instant response and processing of the user. At least one of a Zhai Teng and Xiao model, a golden section method and a neural network model is used for the analysis of the time forecast. And when data analysis is carried out, the rainfall analysis, the water level analysis and the seepage analysis are included. When displacement prediction is carried out, one model of an ARMA model, a BP neural network model, a gray prediction model GM (1.1) and an LSTM model is used for prediction based on deformation values, deformation rate and tangential angle parameters.

the first sending module is used for:

the detection module is used for:

acquiring data transmission information of a plurality of data nodes;

a retransmission module for:

A second sending module, configured to:

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: in the embodiment, adding the transmission information to the monitoring data is convenient for efficiently realizing transmission management of the monitoring data, and meanwhile, the safety monitoring cloud platform is convenient for checking the correctness of the received data.

In this embodiment, the preset period is a preset period for detecting data transmission information, and an example may be 5s.

In this embodiment, the first sending module comprises several data nodes for data transmission.

In this embodiment, the detection module acquires data transmission information of a plurality of data nodes; determining data transmission path information among a plurality of data nodes according to the data transmission information; the data transmission path information comprises the transmission times and the transmission data quantity of different data nodes in a preset time period; determining the output data quantity and the input data quantity of each data node in a preset time period according to the data transmission path information; determining the difference value of the output data quantity and the input data quantity of each data node in a preset time period, and marking the data node with the difference value smaller than the preset difference value as an abnormal data node; the abnormal data node is indicated to store more data, and cannot be sent out in time, so that the abnormal data node can be accurately determined.

In this embodiment, the retransmission module is configured to obtain a stored data amount in the abnormal data node, and retransmit the stored data amount to the security monitoring cloud platform based on the hypertext transfer protocol; the data corresponding to the transmission failure is retransmitted, so that the loss of the data is avoided, the success rate of data transmission is improved, the consistency of a data link is ensured, and the possibility of data collision is reduced.

In this embodiment, the current data to be transmitted is the data remaining after the transmitted data is removed from the monitoring data. The second sending module transmits the data to be sent to the safety monitoring cloud platform based on the corrected data nodes, so that the data to be sent is convenient to transmit based on the effective data nodes, and the efficiency and the accuracy of data transmission are improved.

The security monitoring cloud platform is used for verifying received data according to the sent information, verifying the source correctness of the data, and generating indication information of successful data transmission when verification passes, so that the accuracy of the data transmission is improved.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: and (3) carrying out data transmission of the checking property based on the first transmission module, acquiring data transmission information of a plurality of data nodes based on the detection module, and carrying out data processing to accurately determine the abnormal data nodes. And the retransmission module is used for acquiring the stored data quantity in the abnormal data node, retransmitting the stored data quantity to the safety monitoring cloud platform based on the hypertext transfer protocol, retransmitting the data corresponding to the transmission failure, avoiding the loss of the data, improving the success rate of data transmission, ensuring the consistency of the data link and reducing the possibility of data collision. The second sending module performs formal data transmission, and transmits the data to be sent to the security monitoring cloud platform based on the corrected data node; the security monitoring cloud platform is used for verifying received data according to the sent information, verifying the source correctness of the data, and generating indication information of successful data transmission when verification passes. And the data transmission rate and accuracy are improved conveniently.

As shown in fig. 13, a high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning method based on remote sensing monitoring according to a second aspect of the present invention includes steps S1-S4:

s1, acquiring monitoring data of a monitoring object;

s2, transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform;

s3, analyzing the monitoring data, calculating the position and displacement information of the monitoring station, and providing real-time millimeter-level deformation data for engineering monitoring;

and S4, carrying out statistical analysis on the monitoring data based on the safety monitoring cloud platform, and outputting risk assessment and early warning information outwards in a mode of combining an early warning matrix.

The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: as a dam safety on-line monitoring system taking millimeter-level high-precision position service as a core, the system comprises a safety monitoring internet-of-things sensing system taking high-precision position service as a core, an uninterrupted multi-loop communication link taking a broadband satellite as a core and an decentralizing AI safety risk recognition system, and can systematically solve the problems of geological disasters, highway and railway slopes, water conservancy and hydropower, urban safety and other fields and provide a solution of intelligent sensing full-service chain safety monitoring and early warning.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring is characterized by comprising:

the sensing module is used for acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object;

2. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the sensing module comprises:

3. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, wherein the dam safety monitoring module comprises:

4. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, wherein the embankment engineering monitoring module comprises:

5. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, wherein the reservoir slope monitoring module comprises:

6. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the communication module is a multi-loop double-backup communication link and consists of a cellular mobile communication network and a space-based satellite network.

7. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the safety monitoring cloud platform comprises:

8. The remote sensing monitoring-based high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the risk analysis and early warning module comprises:

9. The high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning system based on remote sensing monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the communication module comprises:

the first sending module is used for:

the detection module is used for:

acquiring data transmission information of a plurality of data nodes;

a retransmission module for:

a second sending module, configured to:

10. A high-precision position real-time dynamic monitoring and early warning method based on remote sensing monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring monitoring data of a monitored object;

transmitting the monitoring data to a safety monitoring cloud platform;