CN117419983B - Soil sample detection pre-treatment method and device - Google Patents
Soil sample detection pre-treatment method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117419983B CN117419983B CN202311341857.5A CN202311341857A CN117419983B CN 117419983 B CN117419983 B CN 117419983B CN 202311341857 A CN202311341857 A CN 202311341857A CN 117419983 B CN117419983 B CN 117419983B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
- G01N15/0227—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means using imaging; using holography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N2015/0294—Particle shape
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8411—Application to online plant, process monitoring
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil sample detection pretreatment method and a device thereof, which relate to the technical field of soil sample treatment, wherein a computerized visual automatic control module is adopted to carry out whole-course visual monitoring on the soil sample detection pretreatment, and automatic control is carried out according to visual monitoring analysis results; the soil sample detection pretreatment comprises the following steps: and (3) throwing the naturally air-dried soil sample to be prepared through a sample throwing port, visually monitoring the sample throwing port by a computer visual automatic control module, and calculating average particle diameter data of the soil sample to be prepared by adopting a visual analysis algorithm. The invention realizes the visual monitoring of each step of the soil sample detection pre-treatment by adopting a mode of combining a computer and a visual camera, and carries out more precise automatic control on each treatment link based on the monitored picture analysis result, and the setting of grinding parameters can be realized by adjusting the execution actions of different executors of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample treatment, in particular to a soil sample detection pre-treatment method and device.
Background
In the soil environment quality investigation or soil pollution condition investigation process, a large number of soil samples are required to be ground and sieved to prepare soil samples with different particle diameters, the soil samples are used for detecting physical properties and metal content indexes of the soil, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are detected and known so as to take measures for improving the soil environment quality or treating and repairing the polluted soil in a targeted manner.
At present, most of soil sample preparation is prepared by manual grinding and screening, manual grinding and screening are time-consuming and labor-consuming, grinding dust is large, and the respiratory health of sample preparation personnel is also affected to a certain extent.
The automatic grinding equipment can greatly lighten the workload of manual grinding, but can not carry out more standard requirements on the soil particle size, so the setting of grinding parameters is generally carried out based on experience, the whole process from feeding to discharging is not visually monitored, the grinding time is longer, the grinding quality is unreliable, the soil with the particle size larger than the set requirements is screened out by the screening equipment after the grinding is finished, the soil sample with the particle size smaller than the target particle size cannot be screened out in practice, the finally obtained soil sample contains particles with a small proportion although the soil sample can be controlled below the requirement, the detection of the subsequent soil physical property and metal content index is unfavorable in practice, and the grinding time is increased.
Therefore, designing a soil sample pre-treatment method and equipment with better uniformity of grinding target particle size, reduced working strength and controllable whole-course vision is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a soil sample detection pretreatment method and a soil sample detection pretreatment device. The following technical scheme is adopted:
A soil sample detection pre-processing method adopts a computer visual automatic control module to carry out whole-course visual monitoring on soil sample detection pre-processing, and carries out automatic control according to visual monitoring analysis results;
The soil sample detection pretreatment comprises the following steps:
Step 1, a naturally air-dried soil sample to be prepared is put into the sample input port, a computer visual automatic control module performs visual monitoring at the sample input port, and a visual analysis algorithm is adopted to calculate the average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared;
step 2, a computer visual automatic control module controls the execution action of the grinding mechanism according to the average particle size data and the grinding target particle size data;
Step 3, a computer visual automatic control module obtains a picture of the ground soil sample at an outlet of the grinding mechanism, and calculates average particle size data of the ground soil sample by adopting a visual analysis algorithm;
And 4, setting a particle size difference threshold, comparing the average particle size data of the ground soil sample with the grinding target particle size data to perform difference comparison, conveying the ground soil sample to a packing mechanism for packing if the comparison result is smaller than the particle size difference threshold, and controlling the batch to perform secondary grinding if the comparison result is larger than or equal to the particle size difference threshold.
By adopting the technical scheme, the whole-process visual monitoring is carried out on the soil sample detection pre-treatment by adopting the computer visual automatic control module, the visual monitoring is carried out on each step of the soil sample detection pre-treatment by adopting a mode of combining a computer and a visual camera, and more accurate automatic control is carried out on each treatment link based on the monitored picture analysis result, for example, the execution actions of different executors of the grinding mechanism can be regulated through software setting, and the setting of grinding parameters can be realized;
the pre-treatment method for soil sample detection does not provide a screening mechanism, but adopts the method that a ground soil sample picture is obtained at the outlet of a grinding mechanism, and a visual analysis algorithm is adopted to calculate the average particle size data of the ground soil sample; the grinding quality control is realized by comparing the data of the grinding result with the grinding target data, and compared with the screening mechanism, the soil sample with better particle size uniformity can be obtained, the grinding time can be reduced, the particle size difference threshold is set, and the automatic quality inspection and the control after the quality inspection can be realized.
Optionally, the method for calculating the average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared in step 1 is as follows:
Step a, shooting a picture Pa of a soil sample to be prepared, which falls at a sample input port, every x seconds, and obtaining y pictures Pa of the soil sample to be prepared to be analyzed, which are respectively marked as Pa1, pa2, … … and Pay, when the total input time of the soil sample to be prepared is set to be t seconds;
Step b, respectively executing a visual analysis algorithm on y soil sample pictures Pa to be analyzed to prepare to respectively obtain average soil particle diameters contained in each picture, and respectively recording the average soil particle diameters as Sa1, sa2, … … and Say;
Step c, average particle diameter data value of soil sample to be prepared 。
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out the vision through the picture of taking in the entrance at the sample, adopt visual analysis algorithm to carry out analysis calculation and obtain the soil particle diameter average value of grinding object, can provide more accurate foundation for the execution action of computer visual automatic control module control grinding mechanism, for example grind the mechanism and divide into different grinding gear, if the particle diameter of the pending soil sample of entering is great, can automatic selection grinding gear of grinding mechanism matches.
Optionally, the specific method of the visual analysis algorithm in the step b is as follows: firstly binarizing a soil sample picture to be prepared, extracting soil particle contours of the binarized soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain a plurality of extracted soil particle contours, carrying out rectangular frame selection on each soil particle contour, extracting the particle sizes of corresponding soil particles from the soil particle contours on the long sides of the rectangular frame selection, converting according to the proportion of a shooting picture to obtain the particle sizes of a plurality of soil particles, and averaging the particle sizes of all the soil particles of the soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain the average soil particle size value contained in the soil sample picture to be prepared.
By adopting the technical scheme, the outline of the soil particles can be rapidly positioned by adopting binarization for processing, and the particle size can be calculated by carrying out frame selection based on the extracted outline after extracting the outline.
Optionally, the specific method of step 2 is: the grinding mechanism comprises a coarse breaking part and a fine grinding part, wherein grinding target particle size data Sm is input through a computer visual automatic control module, and the computer visual automatic control module is used for controlling the average particle size data value of the soil sample to be prepared according to SmAnd the difference value of the two parts controls the operation parameters of the coarse breaking part and the operation parameters of the fine grinding part.
By adopting the technical scheme, the coarse breaking part consists of two stone jade plates, the distance condition mechanism adjusts the gap between Dan Yuban, and the shearing force between the two stone jade plates is utilized to coarsely grind soil to obtain a soil coarse grinding sample with a certain particle size, and the computer visual automatic control module can perform the distance condition mechanism of the two stone jade plates according to the input grinding target particle size data Sm to realize the adjustment of the coarse breaking parameters;
The fine grinding part can be provided with 4-8 stainless steel fine grinding tanks with even number and is fixed on a rotary table in the box bin of the fine grinding device. An even number of stainless steel fine grinding tanks are mainly used for guaranteeing balance among the stainless steel fine grinding tanks in the grinding process. Each stainless steel fine milling jar was equipped with a number of agate milling beads of varying sizes. The rotary disk rotates to drive the agate beads in the stainless steel fine grinding tank to rotationally squeeze the soil, so that the soil sample is further finely ground. The computer visual automatic control module can finely grind the soil sample to the extent of 20-200 meshes by adjusting the number and the size proportion of agate grinding beads in the stainless steel fine grinding tank and setting the rotating speed and the rotating duration of the rotating disc, so that the physicochemical index requirement of sample test is met.
Optionally, the specific method of step 3 is: and c, arranging a discharge channel at the outlet of the grinding mechanism, acquiring a ground soil sample picture at the blanking channel of the grinding mechanism by a computer visual automatic control module, and calculating average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample based on the visual analysis algorithm in the step b.
By adopting the technical scheme, in order to obtain the average particle size of the ground soil sample more accurately, a discharge channel is arranged at the outlet of the grinding mechanism, a picture is shot at the discharge channel, the average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample is calculated based on a visual analysis algorithm, the Sf represents the overall quality of the ground soil sample, and parameters are provided for the subsequent calculation of the particle size difference.
Optionally, the specific method of step 4 is: setting a particle size difference threshold as T, wherein the particle size difference is T;
Then ；
If T is less than T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism are conveyed to the packing mechanism for packing, and if T is more than or equal to T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism are conveyed to the fine grinding part of the grinding mechanism again for secondary grinding.
By adopting the technical scheme, the influence of the absolute value of the difference value between the average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample and the grinding target particle size data Sm is only considered in the calculation of the particle size difference, and the subsequent physicochemical analysis is not absolute in the requirement of the soil sample, so that a small amount or trace of large particle size or small particle size soil is allowed to appear, the ground soil does not need to be screened, the ground soil is re-ground if the average particle size cannot meet the requirement, and the threshold value of the particle size difference value T can be set to be 2% -5%.
The utility model provides a soil sample detects leading processing apparatus, includes feed portion, grinding mechanism, conveying mechanism and the visual automatic control module of computer, the bottom export of feed portion passes through conveying mechanism and the input port intercommunication of grinding mechanism, grinding mechanism includes coarse broken portion and fine grinding portion, coarse broken portion includes coarse grinding motor and coarse grinding mechanism, the entry of coarse grinding mechanism and the output intercommunication of conveying mechanism, coarse grinding mechanism comprises two stone jade grinding plates, adjusts the clearance between the stone jade grinding plates, coarse grinding motor drive stone jade grinding plate rotates, fine grinding portion is the soil grinder, the visual automatic control module of computer is used for realizing a soil sample detects leading processing method, and the visual automatic control module of computer is connected with grinding mechanism and conveying mechanism control respectively.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the design of feed portion is "Y" funnel form, and the material is stainless steel material, and the coarse grinding mechanism of grinding mechanism coarse breaking portion can adopt a pair of adjustable interval's coarse grinding stone jade board to constitute, sets up coarse grinding time length and controls the particle diameter after the soil coarse grinding.
The soil after coarse grinding can directly fall into the inlet of the fine grinding part through the switch of the valve, the fine grinding part can be a soil grinder, and the computerized visual automatic control module controls the grinding gear of the fine grinding part according to visual parameters, so that the whole visual control of the whole soil sample pretreatment method is realized.
Optionally, the visual automatic control module of computer includes feeding vision camera, grinds and detects vision camera, vision analysis chip, master control computer, display screen and memory, the picture of feeding portion exit is shot to feeding vision camera, grinds and detects the picture of vision camera shooting fine grinding portion exit, feeding vision camera and grinds and detect the vision camera respectively with vision analysis chip communication connection, master control computer respectively with vision analysis chip, display screen and memory communication connection to respectively with grinding mechanism and conveying mechanism control connection.
By adopting the technical scheme, the visual part of the computer visual automatic control module is mainly divided into a feeding visual camera and a grinding detection visual camera, the pictures obtained by the two visual cameras are mainly used for control calculation, and the computer visual automatic control module can also comprise a plurality of monitoring cameras, so that the feeding part, the grinding mechanism and the conveying mechanism can be photographed in real time, the comprehensive visual monitoring is realized, the visual analysis chip can rapidly and accurately analyze the obtained visual pictures, the display screen can realize various visual pictures and monitoring pictures, and the memory is used for storing data and control data in the whole processing course.
Optionally, the feeding part is funnel-shaped, the bottom is provided with a feeding channel, two side plates of the feeding channel are made of transparent materials, each side plate is square with a side length of 100mm, the inner side distance between the two side plates is 10mm-20mm, the feeding vision camera is arranged on one side of the side plate through a bracket, and the lens is right opposite to the center of the side plate, so that a complete picture of the side plate is shot;
The outlet of the grinding mechanism is provided with a discharge channel which has the same structure as the feed channel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt transparent feed channel and ejection of compact passageway, with the soil equipartition of feeding and ejection of compact in the passageway department that two side boards pressed from both sides become, the quantity that control soil whereabouts just can realize waterfall formula granule distribution, provide better picture for follow-up vision calculation.
Optionally, the conveying mechanism is a weighing screw conveyor.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, conveying mechanism can be many sets, and weighing type screw conveyer can arrange in the bottom of feed channel and the bottom of discharge channel, and feed inlet department and discharge gate department all set up the electrically operated valve that can automatic control to realize quantitative controllable soil sample and carry.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
The invention can provide a soil sample detection pre-processing method and device, which adopts a computer visual automatic control module to carry out whole-course visual monitoring on the soil sample detection pre-processing, realizes the visual monitoring on each step of the soil sample detection pre-processing in a mode of combining a computer and a visual camera, carries out more accurate automatic control on each processing link based on the monitored picture analysis result, and can realize the setting of grinding parameters by adjusting the execution actions of different executors of the device through software setting;
According to the soil sample detection pre-treatment method, a screening mechanism is not arranged, and a visual analysis algorithm is adopted to calculate average particle size data of the ground soil sample; the data of the grinding result is compared with the grinding target data to realize the handle control of grinding quality, so that a soil sample with better particle size uniformity can be obtained, the grinding time can be reduced, the threshold value of the particle size difference degree is set, and the automatic quality inspection and the control after the quality inspection can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil sample detection pretreatment flow of a soil sample detection pretreatment method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the electrical device of the soil sample detection pre-processing device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of the electric devices of the computer visual automatic control module of the soil sample detection pre-processing device;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a soil sample detection pretreatment device according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. the computer visual automatic control module; 11. a feed vision camera; 12. grinding and detecting a visual camera; 13. a visual analysis chip; 14. a main control computer; 15. a display screen; 16. a memory; 2. a grinding mechanism; 21. a rough breaking portion; 22. a fine grinding part; 23. a discharge channel; 3. a feed section; 31. a feed channel; 311. a side plate; 4. and a conveying mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a soil sample detection pretreatment method and device.
Referring to fig. 1-4, embodiment 1, a soil sample detection pretreatment method, a computer visual automatic control module 1 is used to perform whole-course visual monitoring on the soil sample detection pretreatment, and automatic control is performed according to the visual monitoring analysis result;
The soil sample detection pretreatment comprises the following steps:
Step1, a naturally air-dried soil sample to be prepared is put into the sample input port, the visual monitoring is carried out at the sample input port by the computer visual automatic control module 1, and the average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared is calculated by adopting a visual analysis algorithm;
Step 2, the computer visual automatic control module 1 controls the execution action of the grinding mechanism 2 according to the average particle size data and the grinding target particle size data;
Step 3, the computer visual automatic control module 1 obtains a picture of the ground soil sample at the outlet of the grinding mechanism 2, and calculates average particle size data of the ground soil sample by adopting a visual analysis algorithm;
And 4, setting a particle size difference threshold, comparing the average particle size data of the ground soil sample with the grinding target particle size data to perform difference comparison, conveying the ground soil sample to a packing mechanism for packing if the comparison result is smaller than the particle size difference threshold, and controlling the batch to perform secondary grinding if the comparison result is larger than or equal to the particle size difference threshold.
The full-process visual monitoring is carried out on the soil sample detection pre-treatment by adopting the computer visual automatic control module 1, the visual monitoring is carried out on each step of the soil sample detection pre-treatment by adopting a mode of combining a computer and a visual camera, and more accurate automatic control is carried out on each treatment link based on the monitored picture analysis result, for example, the execution actions of different executors of the grinding mechanism 2 can be regulated through software setting, and the setting of grinding parameters can be realized;
The pre-treatment method for soil sample detection does not provide a screening mechanism, but adopts the method that a ground soil sample picture is obtained at the outlet of a grinding mechanism 2, and a visual analysis algorithm is adopted to calculate the average particle size data of the ground soil sample; the grinding quality control is realized by comparing the data of the grinding result with the grinding target data, and compared with the screening mechanism, the soil sample with better particle size uniformity can be obtained, the grinding time can be reduced, the particle size difference threshold is set, and the automatic quality inspection and the control after the quality inspection can be realized.
Example 2, step 1 the method of calculating the average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared is:
Step a, shooting a picture Pa of a soil sample to be prepared, which falls at a sample input port, every x seconds, and obtaining y pictures Pa of the soil sample to be prepared to be analyzed, which are respectively marked as Pa1, pa2, … … and Pay, when the total input time of the soil sample to be prepared is set to be t seconds;
Step b, respectively executing a visual analysis algorithm on y soil sample pictures Pa to be analyzed to prepare to respectively obtain average soil particle diameters contained in each picture, and respectively recording the average soil particle diameters as Sa1, sa2, … … and Say;
Step c, average particle diameter data value of soil sample to be prepared 。
The sample input port is used for visual shooting, a shot picture can be used for carrying out analysis and calculation by adopting a visual analysis algorithm to obtain the average value of the soil particle size of the grinding object, a more accurate basis can be provided for the computer visual automatic control module 1 to control the execution action of the grinding mechanism 2, for example, the grinding mechanism 2 is divided into different grinding gears, and if the particle size of an entering soil sample to be processed is larger, the grinding gears of the grinding mechanism 2 can be automatically selected for matching.
In example 3, the specific method of the visual analysis algorithm in step b is: firstly binarizing a soil sample picture to be prepared, extracting soil particle contours of the binarized soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain a plurality of extracted soil particle contours, carrying out rectangular frame selection on each soil particle contour, extracting the particle sizes of corresponding soil particles from the soil particle contours on the long sides of the rectangular frame selection, converting according to the proportion of a shooting picture to obtain the particle sizes of a plurality of soil particles, and averaging the particle sizes of all the soil particles of the soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain the average soil particle size value contained in the soil sample picture to be prepared.
The outline of the soil particles can be rapidly positioned by adopting binarization for processing, and the particle size can be calculated by extracting the outline and then carrying out frame selection based on the extracted outline.
Example 4, the specific method of step 2 is: the grinding mechanism 2 comprises a coarse breaking part 21 and a fine grinding part 22, and grinding target particle size data Sm is input through a computer visual automatic control module 1, and the computer visual automatic control module 1 is used for controlling the average particle size data value of soil samples to be prepared according to SmThe difference in (2) controls the operating parameters of the coarse crusher 21 and the fine crusher 22.
The coarse breaking part 21 consists of two stone jade plates, the distance condition mechanism adjusts the gap between Dan Yuban, and the soil is coarsely ground by utilizing the shearing force between the two stone jade plates to obtain a soil coarse grinding sample with a certain particle size, and the computer visual automatic control module 1 can perform the distance condition mechanism of the two stone jade plates according to the input grinding target particle size data Sm to realize the adjustment of coarse breaking parameters;
The fine grinding part 22 can be provided with 4-8 stainless steel fine grinding tanks with even number, and is fixed on a rotary table in the box bin of the fine grinding device. An even number of stainless steel fine grinding tanks are mainly used for guaranteeing balance among the stainless steel fine grinding tanks in the grinding process. Each stainless steel fine milling jar was equipped with a number of agate milling beads of varying sizes. The rotary disk rotates to drive the agate beads in the stainless steel fine grinding tank to rotationally squeeze the soil, so that the soil sample is further finely ground. The computer visual automatic control module 1 can finely grind the soil sample to the extent of 20-200 meshes by adjusting the quantity and the size proportion of agate grinding beads in a stainless steel fine grinding tank and setting the rotating speed and the rotating duration of a rotating disc, so as to meet the physical and chemical index requirements of sample test.
Example 5, the specific method of step 3 is: a discharging channel 23 is arranged at the outlet of the grinding mechanism 2, a computer visual automatic control module 1 acquires a picture of the ground soil sample at the blanking channel of the grinding mechanism 2, and calculates average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample based on the visual analysis algorithm in the step b.
In order to obtain the average particle size of the ground soil sample more accurately, a discharge channel 23 is arranged at the outlet of the grinding mechanism 2, a picture is shot at the discharge channel 23, and the average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample is calculated based on a visual analysis algorithm, wherein the Sf represents the overall mass of the ground soil sample, and parameters are provided for the subsequent calculation of the particle size difference.
In example 6, the specific method of step 4 is: setting a particle size difference threshold as T, wherein the particle size difference is T;
Then ；
If T is less than T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism 2 are conveyed to the packing mechanism for packing, and if T is more than or equal to T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism 2 are conveyed to the fine grinding part 22 of the grinding mechanism 2 again for secondary grinding.
The calculation of the particle size difference only considers the influence of the absolute value of the difference value between the average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample and the grinding target particle size data Sm, and the subsequent physicochemical analysis is not absolute in the requirement of the soil sample, and a small or trace amount of large-particle-size or small-particle-size soil is allowed to appear, so that the ground soil does not need to be screened, and the ground soil is re-ground if the average particle size cannot meet the requirement, and the value of the particle size difference threshold T can be set to be 2% -5%.
Embodiment 7, a soil sample detects pre-treatment device, including feed portion 3, grinding mechanism 2, conveying mechanism 4 and computer visual automatic control module 1, the bottom export of feed portion 3 passes through conveying mechanism 4 and the input port intercommunication of grinding mechanism 2, grinding mechanism 2 includes coarse broken portion 21 and fine grinding portion 22, coarse broken portion 21 includes coarse grinding motor and coarse grinding mechanism, the entry of coarse grinding mechanism and the output intercommunication of conveying mechanism 4, coarse grinding mechanism comprises two stone jade grinding plates, adjust the clearance between the stone jade grinding plates, coarse grinding motor drive stone jade grinding plates rotates, fine grinding portion 22 is the soil mill, computer visual automatic control module 1 is used for realizing a soil sample detects pre-treatment method, computer visual automatic control module 1 is connected with grinding mechanism 2 and conveying mechanism 4 control respectively.
The feeding part 3 is designed into a Y-shaped funnel, the material is stainless steel, the coarse grinding mechanism of the coarse grinding part 21 of the grinding mechanism 2 can be composed of a pair of coarse grinding stone jade plates with adjustable intervals, and the coarse grinding time is set to control the particle size of the ground soil after coarse grinding.
The coarsely ground soil can directly fall into the inlet of the fine grinding part 22 through the switch of the valve, the fine grinding part 22 can be a soil grinder, and the computerized visual automatic control module 1 controls the grinding gear of the fine grinding part 22 according to visual parameters, so that the whole visual control of the whole soil sample pretreatment method is realized.
In embodiment 8, the computer-visualized automatic control module 1 comprises a feeding vision camera 11, a grinding detection vision camera 12, a vision analysis chip 13, a main control computer 14, a display screen 15 and a memory 16, wherein the feeding vision camera 11 shoots a picture at the outlet of the feeding part 3, the grinding detection vision camera 12 shoots a picture at the outlet of the fine grinding part 22, the feeding vision camera 11 and the grinding detection vision camera 12 are respectively in communication connection with the vision analysis chip 13, the main control computer 14 is respectively in communication connection with the vision analysis chip 13, the display screen 15 and the memory 16, and respectively in control connection with the grinding mechanism 2 and the conveying mechanism 4.
The visual part of the computer visual automatic control module 1 is mainly divided into a feeding visual camera 11 and a grinding detection visual camera 12, the pictures obtained by the two visual cameras are mainly used for control calculation, and the computer visual automatic control module can also comprise a plurality of monitoring cameras, and can shoot the feeding part 3, the grinding mechanism 2 and the conveying mechanism 4 in real time, so that comprehensive visual monitoring is realized, the visual analysis chip 13 can rapidly and accurately analyze the obtained visual pictures, the display screen 15 can realize various visual pictures and monitoring pictures, and the memory 16 is used for storing data and control data in the whole processing course.
In embodiment 9, a feeding portion 3 is funnel-shaped, a feeding channel 31 is arranged at the bottom, two side plates 311 of the feeding channel 31 are made of transparent materials, each side plate 311 is square with a side length of 100mm, the inner side distance between the two side plates 311 is 10mm-20mm, a feeding vision camera 11 is mounted on one side of each side plate 311 through a bracket, a lens is right opposite to the center of each side plate 311, and a complete picture of each side plate 311 is shot;
the outlet of the grinding mechanism 2 is provided with a discharge channel 23 which has the same structure as the feed channel 31.
By adopting the transparent feeding channel 31 and the discharging channel 23, the soil for feeding and discharging is uniformly distributed at the channel formed by the two side plates 311, the fall amount of the soil is controlled, the waterfall type particle distribution can be realized, and a better picture is provided for subsequent visual calculation.
In embodiment 10, the conveying mechanism 4 is a weighing screw conveyor.
The conveying mechanism 4 can be multiple sets, the weighing screw conveyor can be arranged at the bottom of the feeding channel 31 and the bottom of the discharging channel 23, and the feeding port and the discharging port are provided with electric valves capable of being automatically controlled, so that quantitative and controllable soil sample conveying is realized.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A soil sample detection pretreatment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a computerized visual automatic control module (1) is adopted to perform whole-course visual monitoring on soil sample detection pretreatment, and automatic control is performed according to visual monitoring analysis results;
The soil sample detection pretreatment comprises the following steps:
Step 1, a naturally air-dried soil sample to be prepared is put into the sample input port, a computer visual automatic control module (1) performs visual monitoring at the sample input port, and a visual analysis algorithm is adopted to calculate average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared;
Step 2, a computer visual automatic control module (1) controls the execution action of the grinding mechanism (2) according to the average particle size data and the grinding target particle size data;
Step 3, a computer visual automatic control module (1) acquires a ground soil sample picture at the outlet of a grinding mechanism (2), and calculates average particle diameter data of the ground soil sample by adopting a visual analysis algorithm;
step 4, setting a particle size difference threshold, comparing the average particle size data of the ground soil sample with the grinding target particle size data to perform difference comparison, conveying the ground soil sample to a packing mechanism for packing if the comparison result is smaller than the particle size difference threshold, and controlling the batch to perform secondary grinding if the comparison result is larger than or equal to the particle size difference threshold;
the method for calculating the average particle size data of the soil sample to be prepared in the step 1 is as follows:
Step a, shooting a picture Pa of a soil sample to be prepared, which falls at a sample input port, every x seconds, and obtaining y pictures Pa of the soil sample to be prepared to be analyzed, which are respectively marked as Pa1, pa2, … … and Pay, when the total input time of the soil sample to be prepared is set to be t seconds;
Step b, respectively executing a visual analysis algorithm on y soil sample pictures Pa to be analyzed to prepare to respectively obtain average soil particle diameters contained in each picture, and respectively recording the average soil particle diameters as Sa1, sa2, … … and Say;
Step c, average particle diameter data value of soil sample to be prepared
The specific method of the visual analysis algorithm in the step b is as follows: firstly binarizing a soil sample picture to be prepared, extracting soil particle contours of the binarized soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain a plurality of extracted soil particle contours, carrying out rectangular frame selection on each soil particle contour, extracting the particle sizes of corresponding soil particles from the soil particle contours on the long sides of the rectangular frame selection, converting according to the proportion of a shooting picture to obtain the particle sizes of a plurality of soil particles, and averaging the particle sizes of all the soil particles of the soil sample picture to be prepared to obtain the average value of the particle sizes of soil contained in the soil sample picture to be prepared;
the specific method of the step 2 is as follows: inputting grinding target particle size data Sm through a computer visual automatic control module (1), wherein a grinding mechanism (2) comprises a coarse grinding part (21) and a fine grinding part (22), and the computer visual automatic control module (1) controls the operation parameters of the coarse grinding part (21) and the operation parameters of the fine grinding part (22) according to the difference value between Sm and the average particle size data value S of a soil sample to be prepared;
the specific method of the step 3 is as follows: a discharge channel (23) is arranged at the outlet of the grinding mechanism (2), a computer visual automatic control module (1) acquires a ground soil sample picture at the blanking channel of the grinding mechanism (2), and calculates average particle size data Sf of the ground soil sample based on a visual analysis algorithm in the step b;
the specific method of the step 4 is as follows: setting a particle size difference threshold as T, wherein the particle size difference is T;
Then
If T is smaller than T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism (2) are conveyed to the packing mechanism for packing, and if T is larger than or equal to T, the soil particles output by the grinding mechanism (2) are conveyed to the fine grinding part (22) of the grinding mechanism (2) again for secondary grinding.
2. The soil sample detection pre-treatment device is characterized by comprising a feeding part (3), a grinding mechanism (2), a conveying mechanism (4) and a computer visualization automatic control module (1), wherein the bottom outlet of the feeding part (3) is communicated with the input port of the grinding mechanism (2) through the conveying mechanism (4), the grinding mechanism (2) comprises a rough grinding part (21) and a fine grinding part (22), the rough grinding part (21) comprises a rough grinding motor and a rough grinding mechanism, the inlet of the rough grinding mechanism is communicated with the output end of the conveying mechanism (4), the rough grinding mechanism consists of two stone jade grinding plates, the clearance between the stone jade grinding plates is regulated, the rough grinding motor drives the stone jade grinding plates to rotate, the fine grinding part (22) is a soil grinder, and the computer visualization automatic control module (1) is used for realizing the soil sample detection pre-treatment method according to claim 1 and is respectively in control connection with the grinding mechanism (2) and the conveying mechanism (4);
the visual automatic control module of computer (1) is including feeding vision camera (11), grinding detection vision camera (12), vision analysis chip (13), master control computer (14), display screen (15) and memory (16), feeding vision camera (11) shoot the picture of feed portion (3) exit, grinding detection vision camera (12) shoot the picture of fine grinding portion (22) exit, feeding vision camera (11) and grinding detection vision camera (12) respectively with vision analysis chip (13) communication connection, master control computer (14) respectively with vision analysis chip (13), display screen (15) and memory (16) communication connection to respectively with grinding mechanism (2) and conveying mechanism (4) control connection.
3. A soil sample testing pre-treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the feeding part (3) is funnel-shaped, a feeding channel (31) is arranged at the bottom, two side plates (311) of the feeding channel (31) are made of transparent materials, each side plate (311) is square with the side length of 100mm, the inner side distance between the two side plates (311) is 10mm-20mm, the feeding vision camera (11) is arranged on one side of the side plate (311) through a bracket, the lens is right opposite to the center of the side plate (311), and a complete picture of the side plate (311) is shot;
The outlet of the grinding mechanism (2) is provided with a discharging channel (23) which has the same structure as the feeding channel (31).
4. A soil sample testing pre-treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the conveying mechanism (4) is a weighing type screw conveyor.
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| CN115461155B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2023-11-24 | 吉布尔法伊弗股份公司 | Grinding method and installation with material input recognition |
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| CN213516539U (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-22 | 广东省测试分析研究所（中国广州分析测试中心） | Full-automatic sediment/soil sample pretreatment device |
| CN114544280A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-05-27 | 上海金艺检测技术有限公司 | Soil sample pretreatment preparation device |
| CN114018669A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 北京兰友科技有限公司 | Full-automatic soil sample preparation method |
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| CN111855350A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-10-30 | 华谱智能科技(天津)有限公司 | Soil sample preparation method and device |
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