CN117419623B - PCB hole inspection device and method - Google Patents
PCB hole inspection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117419623B CN117419623B CN202311752231.3A CN202311752231A CN117419623B CN 117419623 B CN117419623 B CN 117419623B CN 202311752231 A CN202311752231 A CN 202311752231A CN 117419623 B CN117419623 B CN 117419623B
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
- G01B5/143—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures between holes on a workpiece
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a PCB hole inspection device and method, and belongs to the field of PCB production equipment. The utility model provides a PCB circuit board hole inspection device, includes base and storage water tank, still includes: the mounting column is fixedly connected to the top of the water storage tank and penetrates through the center of the base, the top of the mounting column is fixedly connected with a fifth mounting plate, and a hole detection unit is arranged on the fifth mounting plate; the mounting pipe is rotationally connected to the base and rotationally connected with the mounting column, and the mounting pipe is provided with a carrying unit; according to the invention, whether the distance and the position between the holes are qualified or not is detected rapidly through the mechanical detection part, when the detection is carried out by utilizing the optical detector, the standard sample picture is input into the main controller and is compared with the sample picture, so that whether the aperture is qualified or not can be detected rapidly, and meanwhile, the optical detector detects the same position of the PCB each time through the matching of the alignment plate and the groove on the limiting plate, so that the position of the PCB is not required to be captured, and the hole detection efficiency is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PCB production equipment, in particular to a PCB hole inspection device and method.
Background
In the production process of the PCB, holes of the PCB are required to be detected in order to ensure the reliability of electrical connection, the accuracy of assembly, the quality of products and the production efficiency.
In the prior art, plate hole detection of a PCB is generally performed by manual detection or by utilizing optical instruments such as a CCD camera, so that the manual detection is low in detection precision, low in detection efficiency and high in labor cost, and most of optical instruments such as the CCD camera are adopted for detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a PCB hole inspection device and a PCB hole inspection method, which aim to solve the problem of low detection efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a PCB circuit board hole inspection device, includes base and storage water tank, still includes: the mounting column is fixedly connected to the top of the water storage tank and penetrates through the center of the base, a fifth mounting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting column, and a hole detection unit is arranged on the fifth mounting plate; the mounting tube is rotatably connected to the base and rotatably connected with the mounting column, and a carrying unit is arranged on the mounting tube; a feeding part arranged on the water storage tank; and the transferring unit is arranged on the base.
Preferably, the carrying unit comprises a first mounting frame fixedly connected to the mounting pipe, a carrying tray is fixedly connected to the first mounting frame, a limiting plate is detachably connected to the carrying tray, a jack corresponding to a hole on the PCB is formed in the limiting plate, and the PCB is placed in a groove formed in the limiting plate; the device is characterized by further comprising a first motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the base, a first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the mounting tube, and a second transmission gear meshed with the first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor.
Preferably, the transfer unit includes that the material loading of setting at the base top is transferred the machine, unqualified PCB board is transferred the machine and is transferred the machine with qualified PCB board, and wherein, the contained angle between material loading transfer machine and the unqualified PCB board is 72, and the contained angle between unqualified PCB board transfer machine and the qualified PCB board is 72.
Preferably, the feeding transfer machine, the disqualified PCB transfer machine and the qualified PCB transfer machine all comprise bottom plates fixedly connected to a base, lifting cylinders are fixedly connected to the bottom plates, the output ends of the lifting cylinders are fixedly connected with second mounting frames, first mounting frames are rotatably connected with first mounting plates, telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the first mounting plates, suction cups are fixedly connected to the output ends of the telescopic rods, the telescopic rods comprise first mounting cylinders fixedly connected to the first mounting plates, first mounting rods are connected to the first mounting cylinders in a sliding mode, the suction cups are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the first mounting rods, first springs are arranged in the first mounting cylinders, and two ends of each first spring are respectively abutted to the first mounting rods and the first mounting cylinders; the telescopic links are provided with two groups, and the two groups of telescopic links are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first mounting plate.
Preferably, the bottom fixedly connected with derailleur of base, the input shaft of derailleur rotates with first drive gear is synchronous through third drive gear, it is connected with flexible transmission shaft to rotate on the second mounting bracket, flexible transmission shaft's top passes through gear train and first mounting panel synchronous rotation, and flexible transmission shaft's bottom passes through bevel gear train and the synchronous rotation of the output shaft of derailleur.
In order to facilitate hole detection, preferably, the hole detection unit comprises an optical detector and a mechanical detection part, wherein the mechanical detection part comprises a sliding rod which is connected to the fifth mounting plate in a sliding way, the bottom of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the top of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a screw rod, the fifth mounting plate is rotationally connected with a threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw rod; the top of the fifth mounting plate is fixedly connected with a second motor, and an output shaft of the second motor synchronously rotates with the threaded sleeve through a bevel gear set; the piston rod is fixedly connected with the top of the first piston plate, the top of the second mounting rod is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, a second spring is arranged in the second mounting cylinder, and two ends of the second spring are respectively propped against the first piston plate and the second mounting cylinder; the bottom of the second mounting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting plate through a bolt, and the bottom of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a detection tube corresponding to a hole to be detected on the PCB; the second mounting plate is fixedly connected with a first laser ranging sensor; a second laser ranging sensor is fixedly connected above the mounting plate; and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a sixth mounting plate, and the optical detector is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sixth mounting plate.
In order to improve the detection progress, further, still include: the shunt cavity is arranged in the second mounting plate and is communicated with the detection tube, and micropores are arranged on the side wall of the detection tube; the second mounting rod is provided with a first through hole, the bottom of the second mounting cylinder is provided with a second through hole communicated with the flow distribution cavity, the first through hole is internally provided with a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the second mounting cylinder, and the second through hole is internally provided with a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the flow distribution cavity; the output of the connecting pipe is respectively connected with the four first through holes through four branch pipes, and the input end of the connecting pipe penetrates through the mounting column and extends into the water storage tank; the rotary shaft is rotationally connected to the bottom of the base, the rotary shaft synchronously rotates with the first transmission gear through a fourth transmission gear, a crankshaft is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft, a crank is rotationally connected to the crankshaft, one end of the crank, far away from the crankshaft, is rotationally connected with a second piston plate, which is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder at the bottom of the base, the second piston plate is slidingly connected to the piston cylinder, and the output end and the input end of the piston cylinder are both provided with one-way valves; the carrying tray is provided with a negative pressure groove, a cavity is formed in the mounting pipe, and the negative pressure groove is communicated with the cavity through a water suction pipe; the water storage tank is fixedly connected with a mounting box, a filter block is fixedly connected in the mounting box, and the output end of the piston cylinder is connected with the mounting box through a drain pipe.
In order to improve detection precision, still further, still include sliding connection be in the third mounting panel on the base, be provided with two sets of location portions on the third mounting panel, the top of storage water tank rotates and is connected with the collar, the lateral wall fixedly connected with connecting rod of collar, the connecting rod links to each other with the third mounting panel is fixed, the bottom fixedly connected with third motor of base, the output shaft of third motor passes through gear train and collar synchronous rotation.
For the material loading of being convenient for, preferably, the third mounting panel is fan-shaped, and two sets of locating part symmetric distribution is at the both ends of third mounting panel, two sets of locating part all includes the mount pad of fixed connection on the third mounting panel, fixedly connected with fourth mounting panel on the mount pad, threaded connection has the regulation pole on the fourth mounting panel, sliding connection has the counterpoint board on the mount pad, the counterpoint board rotates with the regulation pole and links to each other, fixedly connected with is used for the stopper of third mounting panel location on the lateral wall of base.
A PCB circuit board hole inspection method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, aligning, namely placing the processed template PCB in a groove of a limiting plate, conveying the PCB in the groove to a material taking position in a feeding part through a feeding transfer machine, enabling four alignment plates on the material taking position to be respectively attached to four side walls of the PCB, and adjusting the other group of positioning parts through the same method;
Secondly, feeding, namely placing stacked PCB boards in a positioning part from a feeding position, driving a third mounting plate to rotate through a third motor, moving the PCB boards at the feeding position to a material taking position, and carrying the PCB boards at the material taking position into corresponding limiting plates by using a feeding transfer machine;
step three, conveying materials through a conveying unit, wherein the first motor drives the limiting plate to rotate one grid each time, and one grid is 72 degrees;
Driving the detection tube to descend and insert into the hole on the PCB, and spraying cleaning liquid;
transferring the PCB to the lower part of the optical detector for optical detection;
step six, transferring the PCB to a first discharging position by a qualified PCB transfer machine to a conveyor for conveying after the PCB is detected to be qualified;
and if the PCB is unqualified, transferring the PCB to a second discharging position, and transferring the PCB to another group of conveyors by using the unqualified PCB transferring machine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a PCB hole inspection device, which has the following beneficial effects:
According to the invention, the precision of the PCB is improved by matching the alignment plate with the grooves on the limiting plate, the position of the hole on the PCB is detected by the mechanical detection part, the inner wall of the hole of the PCB is washed, and the alignment plate is matched with the grooves on the limiting plate, so that the detection precision of the optical detector on the PCB is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a hole inspection device for a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a hole inspection device for a PCB according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial perspective structure of a hole inspection device for a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a right side view of a hole inspection device for a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of a hole inspection device for a PCB according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hole inspection device for PCB shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a handling tray of a PCB hole inspection apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a detecting portion of a hole detecting device for a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transporter for a hole inspection device of a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a hole inspection device transporter for a PCB according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a test tube of a hole testing device for a PCB according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a first mounting frame; 3. a carrying tray; 4. a limiting plate; 5. a jack; 6. a negative pressure tank; 7. a bottom plate; 8. a lifting cylinder; 9. a first mounting plate; 10. a first mounting cylinder; 11. a first mounting bar; 12. a suction cup; 13. a first spring; 14. a telescopic transmission shaft; 15. a first motor; 16. a transmission; 17. installing a pipe; 18. a mounting column; 19. a slide bar; 20. a mounting plate; 21. a second mounting cylinder; 22. a second mounting bar; 23. a first piston plate; 24. a second spring; 25. a second mounting plate; 26. a shunt cavity; 27. a connecting plate; 28. a detection tube; 29. micropores; 30. a screw rod; 31. a second motor; 32. a connecting pipe; 33. a water storage tank; 34. a mounting box; 35. a filter block; 36. a mounting ring; 37. a third motor; 38. a connecting rod; 39. a third mounting plate; 40. a mounting base; 41. a fourth mounting plate; 42. an alignment plate; 43. an adjusting rod; 44. a limiting block; 45. a fifth mounting plate; 46. a sixth mounting plate; 47. a rotating shaft; 48. a crankshaft; 49. a piston cylinder; 50. a crank; 51. a drain pipe; 52. a cavity; 53. a water suction pipe; 54. a second piston plate; 55. a first laser ranging sensor; 56. a second laser ranging sensor; 57. an optical detector; 58. a second mounting frame; 59. a threaded sleeve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a hole inspection device for a PCB circuit board includes a base 1 and a water storage tank 33, and further includes: the mounting column 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the water storage tank 33 and penetrates through the center of the base 1, a fifth mounting plate 45 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting column 18, and a hole detection unit is arranged on the fifth mounting plate 45; the mounting pipe 17 is rotatably connected to the base 1 and is rotatably connected with the mounting post 18, the mounting pipe 17 is provided with a carrying unit, the carrying unit comprises a first mounting frame 2 fixedly connected to the mounting pipe 17, a carrying tray 3 is fixedly connected to the first mounting frame 2, a limiting plate 4 is detachably connected to the carrying tray 3, a jack 5 corresponding to a ground hole position on the PCB is formed in the limiting plate 4, and the PCB is placed in a groove formed in the limiting plate 4; the device further comprises a first motor 15 fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 1, a first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the mounting tube 17, and a second transmission gear meshed with the first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 15.
Starting a first motor 15, wherein the first motor 15 drives a first transmission gear to rotate, the first transmission gear drives a second transmission gear to rotate, the second transmission gear drives a mounting tube 17 to rotate, the mounting tube 17 drives a first mounting frame 2 to rotate, the first mounting frame 2 drives a carrying disc 3 to rotate, thereby driving a limiting plate 4 and the limiting plate 4 to rotate, and moving a PCB (printed Circuit Board) on the limiting plate 4, the first motor 15 is a servo motor, and is controlled by a master controller, the first motor 15 drives the first mounting frame 2 to rotate by taking a mounting column 18 as an axis, and each rotation angle is 72 degrees; a feeding part arranged on the water storage tank 33; a transfer unit arranged on the base 1.
Referring to fig. 1, 5, 9 and 10, the transferring unit comprises a feeding transferring machine, a disqualified PCB transferring machine and a qualified PCB transferring machine which are arranged at the top of a base 1, wherein an included angle between the feeding transferring machine and the disqualified PCB is 72 degrees, an included angle between the disqualified PCB transferring machine and the qualified PCB transferring machine is 72 degrees, the feeding transferring machine, the disqualified PCB transferring machine and the qualified PCB transferring machine all comprise a bottom plate 7 fixedly connected to the base 1, a lifting cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 7, the output end of the lifting cylinder 8 is fixedly connected with a second mounting frame 58, a first mounting plate 9 is rotatably connected to the second mounting frame 58, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 9, the output end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a sucker 12, the telescopic rod comprises a first mounting cylinder 10 fixedly connected to the first mounting rod 11, the sucker 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first mounting rod 11, a first spring 13 is arranged in the first mounting cylinder 10, and two ends of the first spring 13 are respectively abutted to the first mounting rod 11 and the first mounting cylinder 10; the telescopic links are provided with two groups, and two groups of telescopic links symmetry set up the both ends at first mounting panel 9, and the bottom fixedly connected with derailleur 16 of base 1, the input shaft of derailleur 16 pass through third drive gear and first drive gear synchronous rotation, rotate on the second mounting bracket 58 and be connected with flexible transmission shaft 14, and the top of flexible transmission shaft 14 passes through gear train and the synchronous rotation of first mounting panel 9, and the bottom of flexible transmission shaft 14 passes through bevel gear train and the synchronous rotation of the output shaft of derailleur 16.
The telescopic shaft is composed of a circular shaft and a multi-edge shaft, the multi-edge shaft is rotationally connected with the base 1, the circular shaft is rotationally connected with the second mounting frame 58, the multi-edge shaft is slidably connected with the circular shaft, when the output end of the lifting cylinder 8 is lifted, the length of the telescopic transmission shaft 14 is changed, and the multi-edge shaft is kept connected with the circular shaft while the length is changed.
When the PCB lifting device is used, the sucking pump is connected with the sucking disc 12 through the pipeline, the lifting cylinder 8 is started, the second installation frame 58 is driven to lift through the lifting cylinder 8, so that the sucking disc 12 is driven to be in contact with the PCB, then negative pressure is generated by the sucking disc 12 through the sucking pump to suck the PCB, then the first installation plate 9 is driven to lift through the lifting cylinder 8, so that the PCB is transported to the air, when the first motor 15 drives the installation tube 17 to rotate, the first transmission gear drives the input shaft of the transmission 16 to rotate through the third transmission gear, the output shaft of the transmission 16 drives the telescopic transmission shaft 14 to rotate through the bevel gear set, the telescopic transmission shaft 14 drives the first installation plate 9 to rotate through the gear set, the transmission 16 changes speed, the output torque is adjusted, when the first installation frame 2 rotates one frame, the positions of the two groups of sucking discs 12 on the same first installation plate 9 are switched, then the output ends of the lifting cylinder 8 retract, so that the two groups of sucking discs 12 are driven to descend, and then the PCB is placed in the groove on the transmission belt or the limiting plate 4, or the next PCB on the feeding part is sucked.
In addition, when the first spring 13 is in an initial state, the bottom of the sucker 12 can be attached to the top wall of the mounting seat 40 on the feeding unit, when the PCB on the mounting seat 40 is more, the sucker 12 is contracted when the sucker 12 descends, so that the sucker 12 and the first mounting rod 11 are prevented from crushing the PCB, meanwhile, the sucker 12 can be attached to the PCB in an auxiliary manner due to the elasticity of the first spring 13, gaps between the PCB and the sucker 12 are reduced, and the adsorption effect of the sucker 12 on the PCB is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, the hole inspection unit includes an optical detector 57 and a mechanical detection part, wherein the mechanical detection part includes a slide bar 19 slidably connected to a fifth mounting plate 45, a mounting plate 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide bar 19, a screw rod 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 20, a threaded sleeve 59 is rotatably connected to the fifth mounting plate 45, and the threaded sleeve 59 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 30; the top of the fifth mounting plate 45 is fixedly connected with a second motor 31, and an output shaft of the second motor 31 rotates synchronously with the threaded sleeve 59 through a bevel gear set; the hydraulic piston device further comprises a second mounting plate 25, a second mounting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the second mounting plate 25, a first piston plate 23 is slidably connected to the second mounting cylinder 21, a second mounting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston plate 23, the top of the second mounting rod 22 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate 20, a second spring 24 is arranged in the second mounting cylinder 21, and two ends of the second spring 24 respectively abut against the first piston plate 23 and the second mounting cylinder 21; the bottom of the second mounting plate 25 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 27 through a bolt, and the bottom of the connecting plate 27 is fixedly connected with a detection tube 28 corresponding to a hole to be detected on the PCB; a first laser ranging sensor 55 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 25; a second laser ranging sensor 56 is fixedly connected above the mounting plate 20; the sixth mounting plate 46 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 20, and the optical detector 57 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sixth mounting plate 46.
It should be noted that, the five extension boards of the first mounting frame 2 are all provided with laser alignment receivers, and a laser alignment emitter is installed at the bottom of the fifth mounting plate 45, and when the alignment laser emitted by the laser emitter is received by the laser alignment receiver, the overall controller controls the first motor 15 to stop working, and controls the second motor 31 to start.
The second motor 31 drives the threaded sleeve 59 to rotate through the bevel gear set, the mounting plate 20 is driven to descend under the action of the slide rod 19 and the screw rod 30, the mounting plate 20 drives the second mounting plate 25 to descend, the second mounting plate 25 drives the detection tube 28 to descend until the descending height reaches a first preset value of the second laser ranging sensor 56 in the overall controller, and the overall controller controls the second motor 31 to stop working (the preset value of the second laser ranging sensor 56 is the height of the screw rod 30 and the top plate at the top of the slide rod 19).
At this time, the distance between the first laser ranging sensor 55 and the mounting plate 20 is detected, when the distance is smaller than the preset value of the first laser ranging sensor 55, it is determined that the detection tube 28 is not inserted into the hole of the PCB, and the hole of the PCB is unqualified, and then the overall controller controls the second motor 31 to reversely rotate to drive the second mounting plate 20 to rise.
When the first laser ranging sensor 55 meets the preset value, the hole position of the PCB board is determined to be qualified, and then the PCB board is transferred to the bottom of the optical detector 57 (CCD detecting camera) for secondary detection, so as to improve the detection accuracy.
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8: the shunt cavity 26 is arranged in the second mounting plate 25, the shunt cavity 26 is communicated with the detection tube 28, and the side wall of the detection tube 28 is provided with micropores 29; the second mounting rod 22 is provided with a first through hole, the bottom of the second mounting cylinder 21 is provided with a second through hole communicated with the flow distribution cavity 26, the first through hole is provided with a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the second mounting cylinder 21, and the second through hole is provided with a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the flow distribution cavity 26; the connecting pipe 32, the output is connected with four first through holes through four branch pipes respectively, and the input end passes through the mounting column 18 and extends into the water storage tank 33; the rotary shaft 47 is rotationally connected to the bottom of the base 1, the rotary shaft 47 synchronously rotates with the first transmission gear through a fourth transmission gear, the rotary shaft 47 is fixedly connected with the crankshaft 48, the crankshaft 48 is rotationally connected with the crank 50, one end of the crank 50 away from the crankshaft 48 is rotationally connected with the piston cylinder 49 fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 1 through the second piston plate 54, the second piston plate 54 is slidingly connected in the piston cylinder 49, and the output end and the input end of the piston cylinder 49 are both provided with one-way valves; the carrying tray 3 is provided with a negative pressure groove 6, the mounting pipe 17 is internally provided with a cavity 52, and the negative pressure groove 6 is communicated with the cavity 52 through a water suction pipe 53; the water storage tank 33 is fixedly connected with a mounting box 34, a filter block 35 is fixedly connected in the mounting box 34, and the output end of the piston cylinder 49 is connected with the mounting box 34 through a drain pipe 51.
When the mechanical detection part detects that the mechanical detection part is qualified, the second motor 31 drives the mounting plate 20 to continuously descend, the bottom of the detection tube 28 is propped against the carrying plate 3, in the process, the second spring 24 is contracted, the first piston plate 23 slides, the space inside the second mounting cylinder 21 is reduced, clean hydraulic pressure inside the second mounting cylinder 21 is led into the shunt cavity 26 to be shunted, the shunt enters the detection tube 28, and the micro-holes 29 on the side wall of the detection tube 28 are sprayed out, the micro-holes 29 on the upper hole of the PCB are sprayed to the inner wall of the hole of the PCB, impurities such as dust, greasy dirt and welding slag on the inner wall of the PCB are removed, the cleanliness of the inner wall of the hole is ensured, oxides and pollutants on the inner wall of the hole are removed, the follow-up welding, coating and other process steps are facilitated, meanwhile, the loss of conductivity is reduced, the electrical property is improved, the pollutants on the inner wall of the hole are removed by cleaning, the interference of the circuit from the impurities is reduced, the reliability and the stability of the circuit are improved, the inner wall of the hole after cleaning is clean and tidy, the detection of the hole is improved, the aperture is detected by the optical detector 57, and the detection precision of the optical detector 57 is improved.
When the mounting plate 20 is lifted and reset, the first transmission gear rotates again, the rotating shaft 47 is driven by the fourth transmission gear, the rotating shaft 47 drives the crankshaft 48 to rotate, the crankshaft 48 drives the second piston plate 54 to slide reciprocally in the piston cylinder 49 through the crank 50, cleaning liquid in the negative pressure tank 6 is sucked through the cavity 52 and the water suction pipe 53, and is discharged into the mounting box 34 through the water discharge pipe 51 to be filtered through the filter block 35 and then is discharged into the water storage tank 33, so that the cleaning resource is saved, and the cleaning resource is recycled, wherein the filter block 35 is zeolite molecular sieve or activated carbon.
Referring to fig. 1-2, 4 and 5, the water storage tank further comprises a third mounting plate 39 which is connected to the base 1 in a sliding manner, two groups of positioning parts are arranged on the third mounting plate 39, a mounting ring 36 is connected to the top of the water storage tank 33 in a rotating manner, a connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting ring 36, the connecting rod 38 is fixedly connected with the third mounting plate 39, a third motor 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 1, and an output shaft of the third motor 37 rotates synchronously with the mounting ring 36 through a gear set; the third mounting plate 39 is fan-shaped, and two sets of location portion symmetric distribution are at the both ends of third mounting plate 39, and two sets of location portions all include mount pad 40 of fixed connection on third mounting plate 39, fixedly connected with fourth mounting plate 41 on the mount pad 40, threaded connection has regulation pole 43 on the fourth mounting plate 41, and sliding connection has counterpoint board 42 on the mount pad 40, and counterpoint board 42 rotates with regulation pole 43 and links to each other, and fixedly connected with is used for the stopper 44 of third mounting plate 39 location on the lateral wall of base 1.
The third motor 37 is started, the third motor 37 drives the mounting ring 36 to rotate, the mounting ring 36 drives the connecting rod 38 to rotate, the connecting rod 38 drives the third mounting plate 39 to rotate on the third mounting plate 39 by taking the mounting column 18 as an axis, and the positions of the two groups of positioning parts are switched by driving the third mounting plate 39 to rotate, as shown in fig. 1, two feeding positions are arranged in the device, one feeding position is arranged, the two feeding positions are respectively arranged on two sides of the feeding position, and the two feeding positions are respectively used for feeding the two groups of positioning parts.
As shown in fig. 5, during alignment, the processed template PCB board is placed in the groove of the limiting board 4, the PCB board in the groove is carried to the material taking position in the feeding portion by the feeding transfer machine, the adjusting rod 43 is rotated to drive the alignment board 42 to slide, so that the alignment board 42 is attached to the side wall of the PCB board, the other group of positioning portions are adjusted by the same method, and during feeding, the alignment of the PCB board is automatically completed by the alignment board 42, so that the feeding precision is improved, and the PCB board precisely falls into the groove on the limiting board 4.
It should be noted that, the limiting block 44 is a touch switch, when the wall of the third mounting plate 39 touches the limiting block 44, the limiting block 44 transmits a signal to the master controller, the master controller controls the third motor 37 to stop working, that is, the material detection sensors are installed at the bottoms of the two ends of the first mounting plate 9 in the feeding conveyer, after the material detection sensors detect no material, the signal without material is transmitted to the master controller, the master controller controls the third motor 37 to automatically start, so that the positioning part is switched, the positioning part with the PCB board is moved to the material taking position, and the material is grabbed by the feeding conveyer.
In summary, the device improves the accuracy of the detection of the PCB by matching the alignment plate 42 with the groove on the limiting plate 4, and washes the inner wall of the hole of the PCB while detecting the position of the hole on the PCB by the mechanical detecting portion, and matches with the alignment plate 42 and the groove on the limiting plate 4, thereby further improving the detection accuracy of the optical detector 57 on the PCB; in addition, when detecting, whether the distance and the position between the holes are detected rapidly through the mechanical detection part, when detecting by utilizing the optical detector 57, the standard sample picture is input into the main controller and is compared with the sample picture, so that whether the aperture is qualified can be detected rapidly, and meanwhile, the optical detector 57 detects the same position of the PCB every time through the matching of the alignment plate 42 and the groove on the limiting plate 4, so that the position of the PCB is not required to be captured, and the hole detection efficiency is further improved.
Examples
A PCB circuit board hole inspection method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, aligning, namely placing the processed template PCB in a groove of a limiting plate 4, conveying the PCB in the groove to a material taking position in a material loading part through a material loading transfer machine, enabling four alignment plates 42 on the material taking position to be respectively attached to four side walls of the PCB, and adjusting the other group of positioning parts through the same method;
Step two, feeding, namely placing stacked PCB boards in a positioning part from a feeding position, driving a third mounting plate 39 to rotate through a third motor 37, moving the PCB boards at the feeding position to a material taking position, and carrying the PCB boards at the material taking position into corresponding limiting plates 4 by using a feeding transfer machine;
Step three, conveying materials through a conveying unit, wherein the first motor 15 drives the limiting plate 4 to rotate one grid each time, and one grid is 72 degrees;
Step four, driving the detection tube 28 to descend and insert into the hole on the PCB, and spraying cleaning liquid;
transferring the PCB to the lower part of the optical detector 57 for optical detection;
step six, transferring the PCB to a first discharging position by a qualified PCB transfer machine to a conveyor for conveying after the PCB is detected to be qualified;
and if the PCB is unqualified, transferring the PCB to a second discharging position, and transferring the PCB to another group of conveyors by using the unqualified PCB transferring machine.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a PCB circuit board hole inspection device, includes base (1) and storage water tank (33), its characterized in that still includes:
The mounting column (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the water storage tank (33) and penetrates through the center of the base (1), a fifth mounting plate (45) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting column (18), and a hole detection unit is arranged on the fifth mounting plate (45);
The mounting pipe (17) is rotatably connected to the base (1) and rotatably connected with the mounting column (18), and a carrying unit is arranged on the mounting pipe (17);
a feeding part arranged on the water storage tank (33);
A transfer unit arranged on the base (1);
The carrying unit comprises a first mounting frame (2) fixedly connected to the mounting pipe (17), a carrying tray (3) is fixedly connected to the first mounting frame (2), a limiting plate (4) is detachably connected to the carrying tray (3), a jack (5) corresponding to a hole on the PCB is formed in the limiting plate (4), and the PCB is placed in a groove formed in the limiting plate (4);
The first motor (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base (1), the first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the mounting pipe (17), and the second transmission gear meshed with the first transmission gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (15);
The hole inspection unit comprises an optical detector (57) and a mechanical detection part,
The mechanical detection part comprises a sliding rod (19) which is connected to the fifth mounting plate (45) in a sliding manner, a mounting plate (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod (19), a screw rod (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate (20), a threaded sleeve (59) is rotationally connected to the fifth mounting plate (45), and the threaded sleeve (59) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (30);
the top of the fifth mounting plate (45) is fixedly connected with a second motor (31), and an output shaft of the second motor (31) rotates synchronously with the threaded sleeve (59) through a bevel gear set;
The hydraulic piston engine further comprises a second mounting plate (25), wherein the top of the second mounting plate (25) is fixedly connected with a second mounting cylinder (21), a first piston plate (23) is connected in a sliding manner in the second mounting cylinder (21), a second mounting rod (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston plate (23), the top of the second mounting rod (22) is fixedly connected with a mounting plate (20), a second spring (24) is arranged in the second mounting cylinder (21), and two ends of the second spring (24) are respectively propped against the first piston plate (23) and the second mounting cylinder (21);
the bottom of the second mounting plate (25) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (27) through a bolt, and the bottom of the connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected with a detection tube (28) corresponding to a hole to be detected on the PCB;
A first laser ranging sensor (55) is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate (25);
A second laser ranging sensor (56) is fixedly connected above the mounting plate (20);
A sixth mounting plate (46) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (20), and the optical detector (57) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sixth mounting plate (46);
A shunt cavity (26) arranged in the second mounting plate (25), wherein the shunt cavity (26) is communicated with a detection tube (28), and micropores (29) are formed in the side wall of the detection tube (28);
A first through hole is formed in the second mounting rod (22), a second through hole communicated with the flow distribution cavity (26) is formed in the bottom of the second mounting cylinder (21), a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the second mounting cylinder (21) is arranged in the first through hole, and a one-way valve for feeding liquid into the flow distribution cavity (26) is arranged in the second through hole;
The output of the connecting pipe (32) is connected with the four first through holes through four branch pipes respectively, and the input end of the connecting pipe penetrates through the mounting column (18) and extends into the water storage tank (33);
The rotary shaft (47) is rotationally connected to the bottom of the base (1), the rotary shaft (47) synchronously rotates with the first transmission gear through a fourth transmission gear, a crankshaft (48) is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft (47), a crank (50) is rotationally connected to the crankshaft (48), one end, far away from the crankshaft (48), of the crank (50) is rotationally connected with a second piston plate (54) which is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder (49) at the bottom of the base (1), the second piston plate (54) is slidingly connected in the piston cylinder (49), and one-way valves are arranged at the output end and the input end of the piston cylinder (49);
A negative pressure groove (6) is formed in the carrying disc (3), a cavity (52) is formed in the mounting tube (17), and the negative pressure groove (6) is communicated with the cavity (52) through a water suction tube (53);
The water storage tank (33) is fixedly connected with a mounting box (34), a filter block (35) is fixedly connected in the mounting box (34), and the output end of the piston cylinder (49) is connected with the mounting box (34) through a drain pipe (51).
2. The PCB circuit board hole inspection device according to claim 1, wherein the transferring unit comprises a feeding transferring machine, a disqualified PCB board transferring machine and a qualified PCB board transferring machine which are arranged at the top of the base (1),
Wherein, the contained angle between material loading transfer machine and the unqualified PCB board is 72, and the contained angle between unqualified PCB board transfer machine and the qualified PCB board transfer machine is 72.
3. The PCB circuit board hole inspection device according to claim 2, wherein the feeding transfer machine, the disqualified PCB board transfer machine and the qualified PCB board transfer machine all comprise a bottom plate (7) fixedly connected to the base (1), a lifting cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (7), a second mounting frame (58) is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder (8), a first mounting plate (9) is rotatably connected to the second mounting frame (58), a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate (9), a sucker (12) is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod,
The telescopic rod comprises a first mounting cylinder (10) fixedly connected to a first mounting plate (9), a first mounting rod (11) is connected to the first mounting cylinder (10) in a sliding manner, the sucker (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first mounting rod (11), a first spring (13) is arranged in the first mounting cylinder (10), and two ends of the first spring (13) are respectively propped against the first mounting rod (11) and the first mounting cylinder (10);
the telescopic rods are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of telescopic rods are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first mounting plate (9).
4. A hole inspection device for a PCB circuit board according to claim 3, wherein the bottom of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a transmission (16), an input shaft of the transmission (16) rotates synchronously with the first transmission gear through a third transmission gear, a telescopic transmission shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the second mounting frame (58), the top of the telescopic transmission shaft (14) rotates synchronously with the first mounting plate (9) through a gear set, and the bottom of the telescopic transmission shaft (14) rotates synchronously with an output shaft of the transmission (16) through a bevel gear set.
5. The hole inspection device for the PCB circuit board according to claim 1, further comprising a third mounting plate (39) which is slidably connected to the base (1), wherein two groups of positioning parts are arranged on the third mounting plate (39), a mounting ring (36) is rotatably connected to the top of the water storage tank (33), a connecting rod (38) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting ring (36), the connecting rod (38) is fixedly connected with the third mounting plate (39), a third motor (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base (1), and an output shaft of the third motor (37) rotates synchronously with the mounting ring (36) through a gear set.
6. The hole inspection device for the PCB circuit board according to claim 5, wherein the third mounting plate (39) is fan-shaped, two groups of positioning parts are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the third mounting plate (39), two groups of positioning parts comprise mounting seats (40) fixedly connected to the third mounting plate (39), fourth mounting plates (41) are fixedly connected to the mounting seats (40), adjusting rods (43) are connected to the fourth mounting plates (41) in a threaded mode, alignment plates (42) are connected to the mounting seats (40) in a sliding mode, the alignment plates (42) are connected with the adjusting rods (43) in a rotating mode, and limiting blocks (44) used for positioning the third mounting plate (39) are fixedly connected to the side walls of the base (1).
7. A hole inspection method for a PCB, employing the hole inspection apparatus for a PCB according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
firstly, aligning, namely placing the processed template PCB in a groove of a limiting plate (4), conveying the PCB in the groove to a material taking position in a material feeding part through a material feeding transfer machine, enabling four aligning plates (42) on the material taking position to be respectively attached to four side walls of the PCB, and adjusting the other group of positioning parts through the same method;
secondly, feeding, namely placing stacked PCB boards in a positioning part from a feeding position, driving a third mounting plate (39) to rotate through a third motor (37), moving the PCB boards at the feeding position to a material taking position, and carrying the PCB boards at the material taking position into corresponding limiting plates (4) by using a feeding transfer machine;
Step three, conveying materials through a conveying unit, wherein a first motor (15) drives a limiting plate (4) to rotate one grid each time, and one grid is 72 degrees;
driving the detection tube (28) to descend and insert into a hole on the PCB, and spraying cleaning liquid;
transferring the PCB to the lower part of an optical detector (57) for optical detection;
step six, transferring the PCB to a first discharging position by a qualified PCB transfer machine to a conveyor for conveying after the PCB is detected to be qualified;
and if the PCB is unqualified, transferring the PCB to a second discharging position, and transferring the PCB to another group of conveyors by using the unqualified PCB transferring machine.
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| CN202311752231.3A CN117419623B (en) | 2023-12-19 | 2023-12-19 | PCB hole inspection device and method |
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