CN117419118A - Automatic compensation mechanism of brake and pneumatic brake - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic compensation mechanism of a brake and a pneumatic brake, which comprise a screw, a spiral rotating sleeve, a flat end cover, an anti-rotating key, a clamping ring, a torsion spring, a spiral rotating ring, a spring, an anti-rotating clamp and a spring limiting seat, wherein the spiral rotating sleeve is in sliding fit in a piston body mounting seat, one end of the spiral rotating sleeve is connected with the flat end cover through the clamping ring, the flat end cover is used for being contacted with a roller of an eccentric rotating arm, the torsion spring is arranged in a torsion spring mounting groove between the spiral rotating sleeve and the flat end cover, the anti-rotating key is arranged on the flat end cover, the other end of the spiral rotating sleeve is sleeved with the spiral rotating ring and the spring, the spring and the spiral rotating ring are mounted on the piston body mounting seat through the spring limiting seat, the spiral rotating ring is in intermittent engagement with the spiral rotating sleeve, the screw is in threaded fit in the spiral rotating sleeve, the screw extends out of the spiral rotating sleeve to be contacted with a friction plate of a brake caliper, and the anti-rotating clamp is arranged at the extending end of the screw. The invention has simple structure and realizes the automatic compensation of the friction plate.

Description

Automatic compensation mechanism of brake and pneumatic brake

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motor vehicles, in particular to an automatic compensation mechanism of a brake and a pneumatic brake.

Background

A brake is a mechanical part that stops or decelerates a moving part in a machine. Brakes are braking devices for vehicles, and brakes used for vehicles are almost all friction type and can be divided into two main types, drum type and disc type.

The disc brake is also called a disc brake and mainly comprises a brake disc, a brake caliper, a friction plate, a wheel cylinder and the like, and the brake friction plate and the brake disc rotating along with wheels are rubbed by applying pressure to the brake caliper, so that the purpose of braking is achieved.

At present, the hydraulic disc brake and the pneumatic disc brake are divided according to different power sources provided by the brake, and the pneumatic disc brake is widely applied to front wheel braking of a load truck, an engineering mechanical vehicle and a large bus. The working principle is that the air chamber on the brake caliper is inflated, the film piston of the air chamber pushes the push rod to extend, and the push rod pushes the mechanism in the brake caliper to enable the two pistons on the brake caliper body to move outwards, so that the friction plate clamps the brake disc to generate friction force, and vehicle braking is realized. However, after the friction plate is used for a long time frequently, part of materials can be lost due to friction, so that the friction plate is thinned, the friction plate needs to move for a longer distance, and the existing piston body is unstable in stress, so that the piston body does not move, and the braking effect is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides an automatic compensation mechanism of a brake and a pneumatic brake.

One of the purposes of the invention is to adopt the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an automatic compensation mechanism of stopper, includes piston body and piston body mount pad, piston body sliding fit is in the piston body mount pad, the piston body mount pad is used for fixing on moving the pincers, the piston body includes screw rod, spiral commentaries on classics cover, flat end cover, anti-rotation key, rand, torsional spring, spiral commentaries on classics ring, spring, anti-rotation card and spring limit seat, spiral commentaries on classics cover sliding fit is in the piston body mount pad, the one end of spiral commentaries on classics cover pass through the rand with the flat end cover links to each other, the flat end cover is used for contacting with eccentric pivoted roller, the torsional spring sets up the spiral commentaries on classics cover with in the torsional spring mounting groove between the flat end cover, set up anti-rotation key on the flat end cover, the spiral commentaries on classics ring with the spiral commentaries on classics ring is installed through the spring limit seat on classics on the piston body mount pad, spiral commentaries on classics ring with spiral commentaries on classics cover meshing, screw rod screw thread fit is in the spiral commentaries on classics cover, the screw rod extends the spiral commentaries on classics cover, the extension friction piece extends the friction piece with the friction disc, with the friction piece sets up the intermittent type and prevents that the friction piece.

Further, a dust cover is further arranged, the dust cover is arranged outside the spring limiting seat, and the dust cover and the spring limiting seat are fixedly installed on the piston body installation seat.

Further, a key groove is formed in the side face of the flat end cover, an anti-rotation key is arranged in the key groove and fixedly mounted on the piston body mounting seat, and a torsion spring mounting groove and a clamping ring groove are formed in the inner side of the flat end cover.

Further, one side of the spiral rotating sleeve is provided with a stepped inner hole matched with the butt end cover, the stepped inner hole is provided with a clamping ring groove and a torsion spring mounting groove, and the other side of the spiral rotating sleeve is provided with a meshing tooth meshed with the spiral rotating ring.

Further, the extending end of the screw is provided with a circle of clamping grooves which are evenly distributed and protrude outwards, the anti-rotation clamp is provided with two bosses, and the bosses are used for being clamped in the clamping grooves of the screw.

The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a pneumatic brake, includes air chamber, brake disc, brake caliper and eccentric rocking arm, the brake caliper is equipped with and removes pincers, piston body subassembly, first friction disc and second friction disc, eccentric rocking arm pass through the roller with the piston body subassembly movable contact of brake caliper, piston body subassembly and first friction disc contact, the brake caliper first friction disc with be equipped with return spring between the removal pincers, the piston body subassembly adopts above-mentioned arbitrary automatic compensation mechanism of brake.

The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has simple structure, and the piston body comprises a screw rod, a spiral rotating sleeve, a flat end cover, an anti-rotating key, a clamping ring, a torsion spring, a spiral rotating ring, a spring, an anti-rotating clamp and a spring limiting seat. When the eccentric rotating arm drives the roller to push the flat end cover, the flat end cover has no component force, the braking force of the air chamber is reduced, and the radial stress ensures that the piston body component operates more stably.

Further description is provided below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a screw in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the anti-spin card in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a screw and anti-spin card combination in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2;

FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6 with one brake disc removed;

fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a piston body and an eccentric rotating arm according to embodiment 2.

In the attached drawings, 1 is a brake disc, 2 is a brake caliper, 2-1 is a bracket, 2-2 is a moving clamp, 2-3 is a pressing plate, 3 is a first friction plate, 4 is an air chamber, 5 is an eccentric rotating arm, 5-1 is a roller, 5-2 is a rotating pin, 6 is an eccentric rotating arm mounting seat, 7 is a fixed plate, 8 is a piston body, 8-1 is a screw rod, 8-2 is a spiral rotating sleeve, 8-3 is a flat-head end cover, 8-4 is an anti-rotating key, 8-5 is a clamping ring, 8-6 is a torsion spring, 8-7 is a spiral rotating ring, 8-8 is a spring, 8-9 is an anti-rotating clamp, 8-10 is a spring limiting seat, 8-11 is a dust cover, 8-12 is a clamping groove, 8-13 is a boss, 9 is a piston body mounting seat, 12 is a return spring, 13 is an air chamber mounting seat, and 14 is a second friction plate.

Detailed Description

Specific example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 4, an automatic compensation mechanism of a brake comprises a piston body 8 and a piston body mounting seat 9, wherein the piston body 8 is in sliding fit with the piston body mounting seat 9, the piston body 8 comprises a screw rod 8-1, a spiral rotating sleeve 8-2, a flat head end cover 8-3, an anti-rotating key 8-4, a clamping ring 8-5, a torsion spring 8-6, a spiral rotating ring 8-7, a spring 8-8, an anti-rotating clamp 8-9 and a spring limiting seat 8-10, the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 is in sliding fit with the piston body mounting seat 9, one side of the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 is provided with a stepped inner hole matched with the flat head end cover 8-3, the stepped inner hole is provided with a clamping ring groove and a torsion spring mounting groove, and the other side of the stepped inner hole is provided with a meshing tooth meshed with the spiral rotating ring 8-7. The side face of the flat end cover 8-3 is provided with a key slot, and the inner side of the flat end cover 8-3 is provided with a torsion spring mounting groove and a clamping ring groove. The spiral rotating ring 8-7 is provided with meshing teeth.

One end of the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 is arranged in a collar groove through a collar 8-5 and is connected with the flat end cover 8-3, the flat end cover 8-3 is in contact with a roller of the eccentric rotating arm, the torsion spring 8-6 is arranged in a torsion spring mounting groove between the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 and the flat end cover 8-3, an anti-rotating key 8-4 is arranged on the flat end cover 8-3, the anti-rotating key 8-4 is arranged in the key groove, the anti-rotating key 8-4 is fixedly arranged on the piston body mounting seat 9, and the torsion spring 8-6 enables the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 to rotate unidirectionally. The other end of the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 is sleeved with the spiral rotating ring 8-7 and the spring 8-8, the spring 8-8 and the spiral rotating ring 8-7 are installed on the piston body installation seat 9 through the spring limiting seat 8-10, one end of the spring 8-8 abuts against the spring limiting seat 8-10, the other end of the spring abuts against the spiral rotating ring 8-7, the spiral rotating ring 8-7 is meshed with the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 intermittently, and after the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 moves axially to be contacted with the spiral rotating ring 8-7, the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 is meshed with the spiral rotating ring 8-7 to drive the spiral rotating ring 8-7 to rotate, so that the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 rotates unidirectionally to enable the screw to extend to compensate abrasion gaps of friction plates. The screw rod 8-1 is in threaded fit in the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2, one end of the screw rod 8-1 is inserted into the torsion spring 8-6, the other end of the screw rod extends out of the spiral rotating sleeve 8-2 and is in contact with the friction plate of the double brake caliper 2, the extending end of the screw rod 8-1 is provided with an anti-rotation clamp 8-9, and the screw rod 8-1 is utilized to axially move to drive the friction plate to move towards the brake disc. In this embodiment: the extending end of the screw rod 8-1 is provided with a circle of clamping grooves 8-12 which are uniformly distributed and protrude outwards, the anti-rotation clamp 8-9 is provided with two bosses 8-13, and the two bosses 8-13 are clamped in the clamping grooves 8-12 of the screw rod 8-1. When the screw rod 8-1 is installed, the initial installation position of the screw rod 8-1 is adjusted by adjusting the matching position of the clamping groove and the boss.

Possibly, a dust cover 8-11 is further arranged, the dust cover is arranged outside the spring limiting seat, and the dust cover and the spring limiting seat are fixedly arranged on the piston body mounting seat 9.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

when the roller of the eccentric rotating arm extrudes the flat head end cover 8-3, the flat head end cover 8-3 moves to drive the screw rotary sleeve 8-2 to rotate unidirectionally, the screw rotary sleeve 8-2 rotates to drive the screw to move axially, the flat head end cover 8-3 is provided with a key slot, the anti-rotation key 8-4 is arranged in the key slot, the flat head end cover 8-3 can be prevented from rotating, the screw rotary sleeve 8-2 is ensured to rotate unidirectionally by utilizing the screw rotary sleeve 8-7, the screw extends to compensate the abrasion gap of the friction plate, the screw 8-1 is prevented from rotating by the anti-rotation clamp 8-9, and the friction plate is pushed by the screw 8-1 to contact and brake with the brake disc. The piston body realizes the automatic compensation of the friction plate by automatically adjusting the gap between the brake disc and the friction plate, the flat end cover is a plane, no lateral stress exists during the movement, the movement is flexible, the response time is quick, and the braking process is safe and reliable.

Specific example 2:

referring to fig. 5 to 8, a pneumatic brake comprises a brake disc 1, two brake calipers 2 arranged on the side of the brake disc 1, a first friction plate 3 and a second friction plate are arranged in the two brake calipers 2, an air chamber 4, an eccentric rotary arm 5, two eccentric rotary arm mounting seats 6 and a fixing plate 7, the brake disc 1 is arranged on an axle housing, the fixing plate 7 is an integrally formed rectangular plate, the center of the rectangular plate is provided with mounting holes for being mounted on the axle housing, the rectangular plate is provided with an upper bracket mounting hole and a lower bracket mounting hole which are symmetrically arranged, each bracket mounting hole comprises three bracket mounting holes which are arranged left and right and are distributed in a triangular shape, the fixing plate 7 is sleeved on the axle housing through the mounting holes and is fixedly mounted on the axle housing by welding, and is positioned beside the brake disc 1. The brackets 2-1 of the two brake calipers 2 are symmetrically arranged on the fixed plate 7 through the matching of three bolts and the bracket mounting holes 7-2, the two brake calipers 2-2 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the brake disc 1 in a sliding manner through guide shafts, the two brake calipers 2-2 are respectively arranged on the brackets 2-1 of the two brake calipers 2 in a sliding manner along the guide shafts, the two brake calipers 2-2 are respectively provided with the pressing plates 2-3 in a sliding manner along the guide shafts, the first friction plate 3 and the second friction plate 14 are assembled on the bracket 2-1 and are pressed by the pressing plates 2-3 arranged on the movable calipers to prevent falling, and the two brake calipers 2 are respectively sleeved on the upper side and the lower side of the brake disc 1, so that the friction area of the brake disc 1 is increased, the friction coefficient of the friction plate is effectively prevented from being reduced, the braking moment is improved, and meanwhile, the single side of the brake calipers 2 are symmetrically divided into double side by disc type to be stressed more uniformly and stably. The two eccentric rotating arm mounting seats 6 are respectively fixed on the outer side end surfaces of the upper moving clamp 2-2 and the lower moving clamp 2-2 through bolts, two branch ends of the eccentric rotating arm 5 are respectively hinged on the eccentric rotating arm mounting seats 6 through rotating pins 5-2, the eccentric rotating arm is provided with a major arc groove, the major arc groove is eccentrically arranged on the eccentric rotating arm, the eccentric rotating arm 5 is provided with a roller 5-1 which is movably arranged to protrude out of the eccentric rotating arm, the roller 5-1 is arranged in the major arc groove, the eccentric rotating arm 5 rotates to drive the roller 5-1 to move, the eccentric arrangement increases the pressure of the roller 5-1, and the eccentric rotating arm mounting seat 6 is correspondingly arranged on the side surface of the piston body component. The air chamber 4 is provided with an air chamber mounting seat which is of a U-shaped structure, and the air chamber 4 is mounted on the two movable clamps 2-2 through the air chamber mounting seat 13, so that the occupied space of the air chamber 4 on the chassis is reduced. The eccentric rotary arm 5 is lengthened, so that the eccentric rotary arm is more labor-saving after being lengthened, and a larger braking moment can be obtained under the condition that the same force is input. The eccentric rotating arm 5 is Y-shaped, the eccentric rotating arm 5 comprises a main part and two branch parts, and the width of the main part is wider than that of the branch parts, so that the strength of the eccentric rotating arm 5 is ensured. The push rod of the air chamber 4 is connected with the trunk end of the eccentric rotating arm 5. The eccentric rotating arm is respectively in movable contact with piston body components of the two brake calipers 2 through rollers 5-1, return springs 12 are arranged between the first friction plates 3 of the two brake calipers 2 and the movable calipers 2-2, and the return springs 12 are utilized to drive the first friction plates 3 to return and separate from the brake disc 1. In this embodiment: the first friction plate 3 of each brake caliper 2 is provided with two return springs 12, one side of each return spring 12 is hung on the back surface of the first friction plate 3, the front surface of the first friction surface is in contact with the brake disc 1 for friction braking, and the other end of each return spring 12 is hung on the movable caliper 2-2. The piston body assembly employs an automatic compensation mechanism for the brake described in embodiment 1, and therefore this embodiment is omitted here. The piston body mounting seat 9 is fixed on the movable clamp 2-2 of the brake clamp 2, and is corresponding to the eccentric rotating arm mounting seat 6, and the piston body mounting seat 9 and the eccentric rotating arm mounting seat 6 are fixedly connected to form a closed body. One end of the piston body is contacted with the roller 5-1 of the eccentric rotating arm, the other end of the piston body is propped against the first friction plate 3 of the brake caliper 2, and the piston body assembly can automatically adjust the gap between the brake disc 1 and the friction plate.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

an air chamber 4 drives an eccentric rotating arm with a Y-shaped structure to move, the eccentric rotating arm is utilized to simultaneously drive piston bodies of double brake calipers 2 to move, the piston body of each brake caliper 2 simultaneously pushes a first friction plate 3 to press a brake disc 1, and simultaneously, the generated reaction force drives a movable caliper 2-2 to move so as to push a second friction plate 14 to press the brake disc 1, and the automobile is braked by friction force. When stopping the braking, air chamber 4 pressure release, piston body return under spring external force effect behind the eccentric rocking arm return, and first friction disc 3 loosen under return spring 12 effect and release the braking, this structure has guaranteed that two brake calipers 2 are braked simultaneously, and two brake calipers 2 are symmetrical simultaneously to apply the friction braking force for brake disc 1, have improved braking effect, and the car braking is more steady, has effectively avoided turning to malfunctioning problem.

The eccentric rotating arm is driven to rotate through one air chamber, and the two branch ends of the eccentric rotating arm are utilized to respectively and simultaneously drive the double brake calipers to act, so that the simultaneous braking stress of friction plates and brake discs of the two brake calipers is ensured, the automobile braking is more stable, the braking effect is improved, the braking distance of the brake is shorter, and the braking distance is shortened by about 30% compared with the traditional braking distance. Meanwhile, the problem of steering failure of the vehicle in the steering process is avoided, the transformation of the chassis space is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an automatic compensation mechanism of stopper, includes piston body and piston body mount pad, piston body sliding fit is in the piston body mount pad, the piston body mount pad is used for fixing on moving the pincers, its characterized in that: the piston body comprises a screw rod, a spiral rotating sleeve, a flat end cover, an anti-rotating key, a clamping ring, a torsion spring, a spiral rotating ring, a spring, an anti-rotating clamp and a spring limiting seat, wherein the spiral rotating sleeve is in sliding fit with the piston body mounting seat, one end of the spiral rotating sleeve is connected with the flat end cover through the clamping ring, the flat end cover is used for being contacted with a roller of an eccentric rotating arm, the torsion spring is arranged in a torsion spring mounting groove between the spiral rotating sleeve and the flat end cover, the anti-rotating key is arranged on the flat end cover, the other end of the spiral rotating sleeve is sleeved with the spiral rotating ring and the spring, the spring and the spiral rotating ring are mounted on the piston body mounting seat through the spring limiting seat, the spiral rotating ring is in intermittent engagement with the spiral rotating sleeve, the screw is in threaded fit with the spiral rotating sleeve, the screw rod extends out of the spiral rotating sleeve and is contacted with a friction plate of a brake caliper, and the anti-rotating clamp is arranged at the extending end of the screw rod.

2. An automatic compensation mechanism for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-dust device is characterized by further comprising a dust cover, wherein the dust cover is arranged outside the spring limiting seat, and the dust cover and the spring limiting seat are fixedly installed on the piston body installation seat.

3. An automatic compensation mechanism for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the flat end cover is provided with a key groove, the anti-rotation key is arranged in the key groove and fixedly installed on the piston body installation seat, and the inner side of the flat end cover is provided with a torsion spring installation groove and a clamping ring groove.

4. An automatic compensation mechanism for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: one side of the spiral rotating sleeve is provided with a stepped inner hole matched with the butt end cover, the stepped inner hole is provided with a clamping ring groove and a torsion spring mounting groove, and the other side of the spiral rotating sleeve is provided with a meshing tooth meshed with the spiral rotating ring.

5. An automatic compensation mechanism for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: the extension end of screw rod is equipped with round evenly distributed outwards convex draw-in groove, prevent changeing the card and be equipped with two bosss, the boss is used for the card to establish in the draw-in groove of screw rod.

6. The utility model provides a pneumatic brake, includes air chamber, brake disc, brake caliper and eccentric rocking arm, the brake caliper is equipped with and removes pincers, piston body subassembly, first friction disc and second friction disc, eccentric rocking arm pass through the roller with the piston body subassembly movable contact of brake caliper, piston body subassembly and first friction disc contact, the brake caliper first friction disc with be equipped with return spring between the removal pincers, its characterized in that: the piston body assembly employs an automatic compensation mechanism of the brake of any one of claims 1 to 5.