CN117418132A - Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 Preparation method of/A356 composite material - Google Patents
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 Preparation method of/A356 composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN117418132A CN117418132A CN202311735508.1A CN202311735508A CN117418132A CN 117418132 A CN117418132 A CN 117418132A CN 202311735508 A CN202311735508 A CN 202311735508A CN 117418132 A CN117418132 A CN 117418132A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and relates to an Al alloy 2 O 3 A356 composite material. The invention prepares Al by smelting at high temperature 2 O 3 Intermediate of A356, and then smelting at low temperature to obtain Al 2 O 3 The A356 aluminum alloy composite material not only avoids coarsening of crystal grains of the A356 alloy, but also obtains Al with excellent performance 2 O 3 A356 aluminum alloy composite. The tensile strength of the prepared composite material is more than or equal to 340MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 285MPa, and the elongation is 5-7%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation, and in particular relates to an Al alloy 2 O 3 A356 composite material.
Background
A3The 56 alloy is widely applied to the fields of passenger car hubs, spare parts and the like due to good fluidity and corrosion resistance. However, due to its lower tensile strength, T6 is generally about 240-250MPa after treatment, limiting its further application. Al is added with 2 O 3 Adding into A356 alloy to prepare Al 2 O 3 the/A356 composite is one of the effective ways to increase its tensile strength. However, due to Al 2 O 3 Small wetting angle with A356, resulting in Al 2 O 3 Difficult to disperse in A356 alloy, give Al 2 O 3 The preparation of the composite/A356 material presents great difficulties. Also have researched that autogenous Al is prepared by using a fluoride salt method 2 O 3 the/A356 composite material, however, has more impurities and coarser grains due to the addition of fluoride salt and the excessively high temperature of 1200 ℃ during smelting.
Therefore, a reduction of Al was studied 2 O 3 Wetting angle of/A356, decrease Al 2 O 3 Interface energy of/A356 such that Al 2 O 3 The rapid dispersion method in the A356 alloy is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the prior art problems, the invention provides an Al 2 O 3 A356 composite material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing intermediate alloy;
and 2, preparing a composite material.
Further, the specific method in the step 1 is as follows:
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 Powder is mixed;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloy elements except powder into a crucible furnace according to Al, mg, si, cu, ti sequence for smelting, adding other elements after Ti, and addingAfter the alloy element is added, the crucible furnace is electrified and heated, and then the temperature is kept;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2);
(4) Smelting and heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and then preserving heat;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 The powder is then mechanically stirred by an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (5) into a square graphite mold, and taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Further, the specific method in the step 2 is as follows:
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of the alloy element A356;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating and preserving heat;
(3) Adding the prepared intermediate alloy on the basis of the step (2), and mechanically stirring the alloy melt;
(4) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(5) After the step (4) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(6) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (5), pouring the alloy melt into a graphite mold after deslagging is finished, opening the mold when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃, and taking out the alloy;
(7) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
Further, the A356 alloy element comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
Further, the nano Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm.
Further, in the specific method of step 1, the temperature is raised to 730 ℃ in step (2), and the temperature is kept for 20 minutes.
Further, in the specific method of step 1, in step (3), an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is used for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes.
Further, in the specific method of the step 1, when the smelting temperature of the step (4) is 950-980 ℃, the temperature is kept for 10 minutes.
Further, in the specific method of step 1, the stirring speed in step (5) is 800 rpm, and the stirring time is 10 minutes.
Further, in the specific method of the step 2, when the temperature of the step (2) reaches 730-750 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes.
Further, in the specific method of the step 2, the addition amount of the intermediate alloy of the step 3 is according to nano Al 2 O 3 Accounting for 3 to 5 percent of the total mass fraction, and performing calculation and addition.
Further, in the specific method of step 2, in step (3), the stirring speed is 800 rpm, and the stirring time is 5 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that.
Al 2 O 3 The preparation of the composite material of/A356 is carried out in two steps, al is prepared at 950 ℃ to 980 DEG C 2 O 3 A356 intermediate alloy, al at 950-980 DEG C 2 O 3 Greatly improves the wettability with A356, and combines mechanical stirring, al 2 O 3 The particles are easy to disperse into the A356 alloy to obtain Al 2 O 3 A master alloy with more uniform distribution. Then adding the intermediate alloy into the A356 alloy, and smelting at 730-750 ℃ to overcome the defects of excessive air suction and coarse grains of the A356 alloy during high-temperature smelting. Meanwhile, due to the adoption of nano Al 2 O 3 Can play the role of heterogeneous nuclear particles, refine the crystal grains of the A356 alloy and further improve the strength and the elongation of the alloy. Al prepared by the invention 2 O 3 The tensile strength of the composite material of/A356 is more than or equal to 340MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 285MPa, the elongation is 5-7%, and the comprehensive mechanical properties are improvedThe high amplitude is larger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Al at 950℃for the intermediate preparation according to example 1 2 O 3 Is a tissue morphology of (a).
FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of example 1 alloy at a casting temperature of 730 ℃.
FIG. 3 is example 1 Al 2 O 3 The morphology of the reinforcement at the addition level of 3%.
FIG. 4 shows Al at 940℃for the intermediate of comparative example 1 2 O 3 Is a tissue morphology of (a).
FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of comparative example 2 alloy at 760 ℃.
FIG. 6 is comparative example 3 Al 2 O 3 The morphology of the reinforcement at 6% addition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al; wherein, nanometer Al 2 O 3 10% of powder mass, al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloying elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to a certain sequence for smelting, wherein the certain sequence is that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, other elements are added together after Ti, after the alloying elements are added, the crucible furnace is electrified and the temperature is raised when the temperature is reachedWhen the temperature reaches 730 ℃, preserving the heat for 20 minutes;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 950-980 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Filling the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Accounting for 3 to 5 percent of the total mass fraction, calculating and adding;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
Example 1.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti, and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloy elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to a certain sequence for smelting, wherein the certain sequence is that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, other elements are added together after Ti, after the alloy elements are added, the crucible furnace is electrified and heated, and when the temperature reaches 730 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 950 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 3%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: the tensile strength is 340MPa, the yield strength is 285MPa, and the elongation is 7%.
Example 2.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: si 6.50-7.50%, mg 0.25%0.50 percent, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Other alloying elements except the powder are added into a crucible furnace for smelting according to a certain sequence, wherein the certain sequence means that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, and other elements are added together after Ti. After adding alloy elements, electrifying a crucible furnace to raise the temperature, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730 ℃;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 960 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 740 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 4%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: the tensile strength is 350MPa, the yield strength is 289MPa, and the elongation is 6.5%.
Example 3.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10% nanometer Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti, and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Other alloying elements except the powder are added into a crucible furnace for smelting according to a certain sequence, wherein the certain sequence means that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, and other elements are added together after Ti. After adding alloy elements, electrifying a crucible furnace to raise the temperature, and keeping the temperature for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730 ℃;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 980 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 750 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 5%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: tensile strength 356MPa, yield strength 291MPa, elongation 5%.
Comparative example 1.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti, and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloy elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to a certain sequence for smelting, wherein the certain sequence is that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, other elements are added together after Ti, after the alloy elements are added, the crucible furnace is electrified and heated, and when the temperature reaches 730 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 940 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 3%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: tensile strength 332MPa, yield strength 278MPa and elongation 6.5%.
Comparative example 2.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg,0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloy elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to a certain sequence for smelting, wherein the certain sequence is that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, other elements are added together after Ti, after the alloy elements are added, the crucible furnace is electrified and heated, and when the temperature reaches 730 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 950 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 760 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 3%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: tensile strength: 328MPa, yield strength 269MPa, elongation 6.1%.
Comparative example 3.
Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of intermediate alloy
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 The powder is prepared, and the mass percentages of the alloy elements are as follows: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti, and nano Al 2 O 3 10% of powder and the balance of Al, wherein Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloy elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to a certain sequence for smelting, wherein the certain sequence is that Al, mg, si, cu, ti is added sequentially, other elements are added together after Ti, after the alloy elements are added, the crucible furnace is electrified and heated, and when the temperature reaches 730 ℃, the temperature is kept for 20 minutes;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2), wherein an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod is adopted for stirring, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(4) Heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes when the temperature reaches 950 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 Mechanically stirring the powder by using an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod, wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 10 minutes;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt in the step (5) into a square graphite mold;
(7) And taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded.
Step 2, preparation of composite material
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of A356 alloy elements, wherein the alloy elements comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730 ℃;
(3) On the basis of the step (2), adding the prepared intermediate alloy, wherein the adding amount of the intermediate alloy is as follows 2 O 3 Calculating and adding the total mass fraction of 6%;
(4) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt on the basis of the step (3), wherein the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes;
(5) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (4), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(6) After the step (5) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(7) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (6);
(8) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (7) into a graphite mold;
(9) Opening the mould when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃ and taking out the alloy;
(10) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
After the treatment, the mechanical properties of the obtained alloy are as follows: tensile strength is 338MPa, yield strength is 280MPa, and elongation is 4%.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. Al (aluminum) alloy 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material of/A356 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing intermediate alloy:
(1) According to the A356 alloy element component +10wt% of nano Al 2 O 3 Powder is mixed;
(2) Removing nano Al from the step (1) 2 O 3 Adding other alloying elements except the powder into a crucible furnace according to Al, mg, si, cu, ti sequence for smelting, adding other elements after Ti, and after adding the alloying elements, electrifying the crucible furnace, heating and preserving heat;
(3) Mechanically stirring the alloy melt in the step (2);
(4) Smelting and heating the alloy stirred in the step (3), and then preserving heat for 10 minutes when the smelting temperature is 950-980 ℃;
(5) Adding nano Al preheated at 200 ℃ on the basis of the step (4) 2 O 3 The powder is then mechanically stirred by an electric stirrer with a graphite stirring rod;
(6) Pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step (5) into a square graphite mold, and taking out the intermediate alloy after the alloy is cooled and molded;
step 2, preparing a composite material:
(1) Proportioning according to the component proportion of the alloy element A356;
(2) Loading the prepared alloy into a crucible furnace, heating, and preserving heat for 20 minutes when the temperature reaches 730-750 ℃;
(3) Adding the prepared intermediate alloy on the basis of the step (2), and mechanically stirring the alloy melt;
(4) Adding a degassing agent on the basis of the step (3), and preserving heat for 10 minutes;
(5) After the step (4) is finished, cooling, and when the temperature is reduced to 710 ℃, preserving the heat for 10 minutes;
(6) Performing deslagging treatment on the alloy melt on the basis of the step (5), pouring the alloy melt into a graphite mold after deslagging is finished, opening the mold when the alloy is cooled to below 200 ℃, and taking out the alloy;
(7) The alloy was subjected to a T6 treatment in which 540 ℃/8h was solutionized and 155 ℃/6h was aged.
2. Al according to claim 1 2 O 3 The preparation method of the A356 composite material is characterized in that the A356 alloy element comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.50 to 7.50 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Mg, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Fe, 0.15 to 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Zn, 0.30 to 0.35 percent of Mn, 0.20 to 0.25 percent of Ti and the balance of Al.
3. Al according to claim 1 2 O 3 A356 composite material preparation method, characterized in that, the nanometer Al 2 O 3 The granularity of the powder is 30-50 nm.
4. Al according to claim 1 2 O 3 The preparation method of the/A356 composite material is characterized in that the temperature is raised to 730 ℃ in the step (2) of the step 1, and the temperature is kept for 20 minutes.
5. Al according to claim 1 2 O 3 A356 composite material preparation method, characterized in that the addition amount of the intermediate alloy (3) in the step 2 is according to nano Al 2 O 3 Accounting for 3 to 5 percent of the total mass fraction, and performing calculation and addition.
6. Al according to claim 1 2 O 3 The preparation method of the composite material/A356 is characterized in that in the step (3) of the step 2, the stirring speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 5 minutes.
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