CN117403804B - Assembled external wall panel and assembling method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled external wall panel and assembling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117403804B CN117403804B CN202311716391.2A CN202311716391A CN117403804B CN 117403804 B CN117403804 B CN 117403804B CN 202311716391 A CN202311716391 A CN 202311716391A CN 117403804 B CN117403804 B CN 117403804B
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- plate
- keel
- light steel
- connecting piece
- artificial stone
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004588 polyurethane sealant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010982 man-made stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 siloxane chain Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6801—Fillings therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
- E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
- E04B2/7414—Posts or frame members with projections for holding sound or heat insulating fillings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/76—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/76—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal
- E04B2/78—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips
- E04B2/7854—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips of open profile
- E04B2/789—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips of open profile of substantially U- or C- section
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2/82—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge characterised by the manner in which edges are connected to the building; Means therefor; Special details of easily-removable partitions as far as related to the connection with other parts of the building
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
- E04B2002/7461—Details of connection of sheet panels to frame or posts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel assembled external wall panel and an assembling method thereof. The light steel keel frame can be conveniently connected with the steel structure main body member and is connected with the artificial stone plate and the double-layer gypsum plate to form a stable space structure, so that wind load pressure and impact load outside a wall plane can be born, and firm support is provided for an outer wall system. The planking of side fascia adopts the mode of hanging futilely of fitting the curtain, fills flexible caulking material between planking plate, between plate and the connecting piece, can digest the deformation of planking plate between the planking plate, planking plate and light steel keel frame, reduces the production of crack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of assembly type buildings, relates to a steel structure assembly type building, and in particular relates to an assembly type external wall panel and an assembly method thereof.
Background
The characteristics of the three-plate system matched with the steel structure assembly type building determine success and failure of the steel structure assembly type building, and for many years, no steel structure assembly type building technology in the market can occupy the dominant position of the market, wherein the main reasons are that the steel structure main body and the three-plate system matched with the steel structure main body frequently have abnormal sound, cracks, water leakage, sound insulation and other quality problems, so that building acceptance is not passed.
According to the requirements of the assembled building, the external wall panel adopts a non-masonry form, and most of the existing markets adopt a prefabricated integral external wall panel and prefabricated slat assembly mode. However, when cracks appear between the slats and the main body member in the use process of the building, and the main body structure can not be radically deformed due to repeated maintenance, and can generate horizontal deformation larger than that of other structural forms under the action of external forces such as wind load. This horizontal deformation is reflected between the body member and the wall panel and between the wall panel and the wall panel. Causing dislocation therebetween to generate cracks. This is a physical phenomenon and the general measures to prevent cracks are difficult to solve thoroughly. At present, all prefabricated building external wall panels adopt prefabricated battens, and the prefabricated building external wall panels conform to the technical standards of prefabricated partition panels, so that the prefabricated building external wall panels are only suitable for inner partition walls, and the strength requirements of building peripheral retaining walls cannot be met.
Patent CN112324002a discloses a prefabricated external wall panel of assembled building, including device main part, side hollow groove, assembled board and firm piece, through setting up the strengthening rib, set up the strengthening rib in one side of firm piece, improved connectivity and steadiness between device main part and the assembled board, and then improved the steadiness of device, improved the convenience of equipment through the setting of built-in fitting; but only improve the steadiness of device and can not avoid because of structural deformation under effect such as wind load to lead to the problem that the side fascia produced the crack, also can produce the crack when the equipment between wallboard and the wallboard simultaneously, increased the deformation that produces under the exogenic action, increase the probability that the crack produced.
Therefore, no assembly type external wall panel technology exists, the functions of the peripheral retaining wall can be met while the air tightness, the water tightness and the heat preservation capability of the basic partition wall are met, the wind pressure resistance and the deformation resistance are good, and the generation of cracks in the use process is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the background technology, and provides an assembled external wall board and an assembling method thereof, wherein the external wall board is assembled on a light steel keel frame by an assembling method of a pseudo curtain wall, so that the external wall board is connected with a main body structure, and flexible caulking materials are filled at joints of the external wall board and gaps of the board joints, so that the external wall board achieves the strength and the function of the external wall board of a building.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an assembled external wall panel comprises a light steel keel frame, an artificial stone plate, a connecting piece, a flexible caulking material, a rock wool heat preservation layer, a double-layer gypsum inner plate and a steel structure main body;
the light steel keel frame is fixed on the steel structure main body, the right side of the light steel keel frame is connected with the artificial stone plate through the connecting piece, the joint of the artificial stone plate is filled with flexible caulking materials, the rock wool heat preservation layer is filled at the light steel keel overhead gap, and the left side of the light steel keel frame is provided with a double-layer gypsum inner plate.
Further, the light steel keel frame consists of a ground keel, a vertical keel and a through keel; the ground keels, the vertical keels and the through keels are U-shaped light steel keels and comprise a bottom panel, a left side panel and a right side panel;
further, the earthworm bone is horizontally arranged on the steel structure main body with an upward opening and is fixedly connected with the steel structure main body; the vertical keels are vertically distributed on the ground keels, and the lower ends of the vertical keels are clamped into the grooves of the earthworm bones; the bottom panel of the vertical keel is provided with a square hole, the through keel horizontally passes through the vertical keel through the square hole, and the opening is upward;
further, two first bolt holes are formed in the right side panel at the junction of the penetrating keel and the vertical keel, two second bolt holes are respectively formed in the position of the first bolt holes and the symmetrical position above the first bolt holes, the penetrating keel and the first bolt holes are the same in size, and first injection holes are formed in the upper parts of the second bolt holes.
Further, the connecting piece comprises bottom plate, diaphragm, upper junction plate and lower connecting plate, is equipped with the third bolt hole on the bottom plate, and the third bolt hole is the same with second bolt hole size, and bottom plate one side is provided with the diaphragm, and upper junction plate and lower connecting plate are connected to the diaphragm other end, and upper junction plate and lower connecting plate are the U type, and upper junction plate opening is upwards, and lower connecting plate opening is downwards, is equipped with the second on the upper junction plate and annotates the hole, runs through upper junction plate, diaphragm and bottom plate.
Further, the four corners of the artificial stone board are provided with plate seams, the plate seam at the upper left corner is matched with the right side of the lower connecting board, the plate seam at the upper right corner is matched with the left side of the lower connecting board, the plate seam at the lower left corner is matched with the right side of the upper connecting board, and the plate seam at the lower right corner is matched with the left side of the upper connecting board.
Further, the flexible caulking material is filled in the joint between the artificial stone plates and the gap between the connecting piece and the plate joint.
The invention also provides an assembly method of the assembled external wall panel, which comprises the following steps:
step one, fixing a ground keel on a steel structure main body by using an expansion screw, clamping a vertical keel in a earthworm bone groove and fixing the vertical keel, and then enabling a penetrating keel to penetrate through the vertical keel to enable a first bolt hole on the penetrating keel to be aligned with a second bolt hole on the vertical keel, so as to form a light steel keel frame;
installing a first layer of connecting piece, aligning a third bolt hole of the connecting piece with a second bolt hole on the vertical keel, screwing the center penetrating keel, the vertical keel and the connecting piece by using bolts through the first bolt hole, the second bolt hole and the third bolt hole in sequence, and screwing the vertical keel and the connecting piece by using bolts through the second bolt hole and the third bolt hole;
step three, inserting the lower side plate seam of the artificial stone plate into the upper connecting plate of the first layer connecting piece, and filling flexible caulking materials at the seam of the plate and the plate; then inserting a lower connecting plate of the second layer of connecting piece into the upper side of the first layer of artificial stone plate, then fixing the second layer of connecting piece on the light steel keel frame by using bolts through the first bolt holes, the second bolt holes and the third bolt holes in sequence, filling flexible caulking materials into the slab joint cavity by using the first injection holes and the second injection holes after fixing the first layer of artificial stone plate, and heating the cavity by using a heating baking gun after filling so as to solidify the flexible caulking materials in the cavity;
step four, repeating the step three, and paving the rest artificial stone plates;
fifthly, filling a rock wool heat preservation layer in the light steel keel frame;
and step six, fixing a double-layer gypsum inner plate on the inner side of the light steel keel frame by using a nail, and after the first layer is fixed, placing a second layer by staggered joint and fixing by using the nail, thereby completing the assembly of the outer plate wall.
The preparation method of the polyurethane sealant comprises the following steps:
120-130 parts of polyurethane prepolymer, 150-200 parts of zirconium silicate, 70-80 parts of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 20-40 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.5-1.5 parts of industrial antioxidant, 0.2-0.3 part of catalyst, 1-1.4 parts of silicate coupling agent, 2-3 parts of coupling agent and 3-4 parts of initiator.
Firstly, adding a proper amount of water into zirconium silicate, performing ultrasonic treatment to uniformly disperse the zirconium silicate in the water, then adding a silicate coupling agent, stirring for 20-30min, performing suction filtration by using a suction filter, drying and crushing the filtered solid, and sieving the solid with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain modified zirconium silicate powder;
step two, adding polyurethane prepolymer, modified zirconium silicate powder, plasticizer and industrial antioxidant into a stirring kettle, and dispersing in vacuum at 110-120 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain premix;
step three, cooling the premix to 25-35 ℃, adding a coupling agent, an initiator and a catalyst, and stirring for 0.5-0.7h to obtain a mixture;
and fourthly, cooling the mixture to 15-20 ℃, then adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the mixture through a static mixer to dilute the mixture, and finally filling nitrogen for sealing and packaging.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The light steel keel frame can be conveniently connected with the steel structure main body member and connected with the artificial stone plate and the double-layer gypsum plate to form a stable space structure, can bear wind load pressure and impact load outside the plane of the wall body, provides firm support for an outer wall system, and meets wind pressure detection; the light steel keels are connected with the steel structure main body members, so that when the main body structure deforms to a certain level, the outer wall skeleton can be consistent with the main body deformation and bear the deformation, and the generation of cracks is reduced; the artificial stone plate is connected to the light steel joist through the connecting piece, can bear the deformation of the light steel joist along with the main body of the steel structure, and meets the detection requirement of the deformation of the external wall plate along with the main body; the artificial stone plate slits are filled with flexible caulking materials, so that the artificial stone plates are sealed into an integral sealing mode, the requirement of watertight detection of an outer wall can be met, and the firmness of the wall is high.
(2) The outer plates of the external wall panels adopt a dry hanging mode of a pseudo curtain wall, flexible caulking materials are filled between the outer plate blocks and between the plates and the connecting piece, so that the deformation of the outer plate blocks and between the outer plate blocks and the light steel keel frame can be digested, and the generation of cracks is reduced; the inner plates of the external wall boards are arranged in a staggered joint manner by adopting double-layer gypsum boards, so that the pressure at the joint of the adjacent gypsum boards is reduced, the structural stability is improved, the occurrence of cracks and cracks is reduced, and the sound insulation and heat insulation performances of the wall can be improved; the common problem of cracks in assembly of the fabricated building is thoroughly solved in the arrangement mode.
(3) The connecting piece and the artificial stone plates can provide tension force for two adjacent artificial stone plates, the main body part of the U-shaped structure can enable the artificial stone plates to be parallel and cling to the light steel keel frame, the protrusions of the U-shaped structure can enable the left artificial stone plate and the right artificial stone plate to cling to each other, the effect of fixing the artificial stone plates is achieved during assembly, and the deformation of the artificial stone plates in front of and behind and left and right of the artificial stone plates can be greatly reduced after the assembly is completed; meanwhile, the method for filling the flexible caulking material enables the gap between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate of the connecting piece and the plate seam to be filled with the flexible caulking material, and can slow down the transmission of the pressure of the plate to the connecting piece, thereby improving the compression resistance of the external wall panel and reducing the generation of cracks.
(4) According to the flexible caulking material, the surface chemical property of zirconium silicate is changed through the silicate coupling agent, and the zirconium silicate is activated, so that the zirconium silicate can be uniformly dispersed in the polyurethane prepolymer, the hardness, the compressive strength and the thermal stability of the flexible caulking material are improved, the diluent absolute ethyl alcohol of the flexible caulking material can be quickly volatilized in a heating manner, and the purpose of quickly solidifying the flexible caulking material is achieved;
(5) In the assembly method, the light steel keel frame is convenient to assemble, and the positions of the bolt holes can be perforated in a factory in advance according to a design drawing, so that the light steel keel frame is convenient to connect with a connecting piece; the four-corner plate seam of the artificial stone outer plate can be well opened in a factory, so that the light steel keel frame can be assembled with the connecting piece directly after being completed, the assembly mode is simple and convenient, the labor time is less, and the economic benefit is high.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a light steel keel frame;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a double layer gypsum inner panel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connector;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. five;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an artificial stone panel;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an artificial stone panel connection;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a man-made stone panel;
in the figure: 1. a light steel keel frame; 101. a center-penetrating keel; 1011. a first bolt hole; 102. vertical keels; 1021. a second bolt hole; 1022. a first orifice; 103. a ground keel; 2. an artificial stone plate; 3. a connecting piece; 301. a bottom plate 302, a cross plate; 303. an upper connecting plate; 304. a lower connecting plate; 305. a third bolt hole; 306. a second orifice; 4. a flexible caulking material; 5. rock wool heat preservation; 6. a double-layer gypsum inner plate; 7. a steel structure body.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention discloses an assembled external wall panel, which comprises a light steel keel frame 1, an artificial stone plate 2, a connecting piece 3, a flexible caulking material 4, a rock wool heat preservation layer 5, a double-layer gypsum inner plate 6 and a steel structure main body 7.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a light steel keel frame 1 is fixed on a steel structure main body 7, the right side of the light steel keel frame 1 is connected with an artificial stone plate 2 through a connecting piece 3, a joint of the artificial stone plate 2 is filled with a flexible caulking material 4, a rock wool heat preservation layer 5 is filled in a gap of the light steel keel frame 1, and a double-layer gypsum inner plate 6 is arranged on the left side of the light steel keel frame 1;
referring to fig. 3, the light steel keel frame 1 is composed of earthworm bone 103, vertical keel 102 and through keel 101; the ground keel 103, the vertical keel 102 and the center penetrating keel 101 are all U-shaped light steel keels and comprise a bottom panel, a left side panel and a right side panel;
the ground keel 103 is upwards opened and horizontally arranged on the steel structure main body 7 and fixedly connected with the steel structure main body 7; the vertical keels 102 are vertically distributed on the earthworm bone 103, and the lower ends of the vertical keels 102 are clamped into grooves of the ground keels 103; the bottom plate of the vertical keel 102 is provided with a square hole, the through keel 101 horizontally penetrates through the vertical keel 102 through the square hole, the opening is upward, the formed light steel keel frame can be firmly connected with the steel structure main body, and deformation amount of the light steel keel frame caused by external force is reduced;
the center through keel 101 is provided with two first bolt holes 1011 on the right panel at the junction with the vertical keel 102, the vertical keel 102 is provided with two second bolt holes 1021 at the positions of the first bolt holes 1011 and the symmetrical positions above the first bolt holes 1011, and the size of the center through keel is the same as that of the first bolt holes 1011, and a first injection hole 1022 is arranged above the second bolt holes 1021.
Referring to fig. 4, the first layer and the second layer of the double-layer gypsum inner plate 6 are placed on the other side of the light steel keel frame 1 by staggered joint, so that the pressure of the joint of the adjacent gypsum plates is reduced, the structural stability is improved, the occurrence of cracks and cracking is reduced, the sound insulation and heat insulation performances of the wall are improved, and the double-layer gypsum inner plate 6 is fixed on the light steel keel frame 1 by a nail.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the connecting piece 3 is composed of a bottom plate 301, a transverse plate 302, an upper connecting plate 303 and a lower connecting plate 304, the bottom plate 301 is provided with a third bolt hole 305, the third bolt hole 305 and the second bolt hole 1021 are the same in size, so that the bottom plate 301 can be fixed at the junction of the vertical keel 102 and the through keel 101 through bolts, the structural strength of the contact part of the connecting piece 3 and the light steel keel frame 1 is enhanced, one side of the bottom plate 301 is provided with the transverse plate 302, one side of the transverse plate 302, which is close to an external wall plate, can be inserted into a plate seam of the artificial stone plate 2, can block the plate seam of the external wall plate, the other end of the transverse plate 302 is connected with the upper connecting plate 303 and the lower connecting plate 304, the upper connecting plate 303 and the lower connecting plate 304 are in a U shape, and the main body part of the U-shaped structure is parallel to the light steel keel frame 1 and the artificial stone plate 2, and the artificial stone plate 2 can be parallel and clung to the light steel keel frame 1; the upper connecting plate 303 is opened upwards, the lower connecting plate 304 is opened downwards, the left and right artificial stone plates can be mutually abutted by the bulges of the U-shaped structure, the effect of fixing the artificial stone plates 2 is achieved during assembly, and the deformation of the artificial stone plates in front of, behind and left and right can be greatly reduced after the assembly is completed;
the upper connecting plate 303 is provided with the second injection holes 306, the upper connecting plate 303, the transverse plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 are penetrated, the flexible caulking material 4 is filled into the gaps of the connecting piece 3 and the artificial stone plate 2 plate joints through the second injection holes 306 after the assembly is completed, the flexible caulking material 4 can be refilled after the assembly is completed through the second injection holes 306, the problem that the flexible caulking material 4 is inconvenient to fill in the gaps of the lower side plate of the artificial stone plate 2 due to the gravity is solved, the size of the gaps is also fixed after the position of the artificial stone plate 2 is fixed, the consumption of the flexible caulking material 4 is saved, and the problem that the artificial stone plate needs to be trimmed again due to redundant filling is solved.
Referring to fig. 7, four corners of the artificial stone board 2 are provided with slits, the slits at the upper left corner are adapted to the right side of the lower connecting board 304, the slits at the upper right corner are adapted to the left side of the lower connecting board 304, the slits at the lower left corner are adapted to the right side of the upper connecting board 303, and the slits at the lower right corner are adapted to the left side of the upper connecting board 303, so that the mounting position of the artificial stone board 2 can be precisely controlled by the connecting piece 3.
The flexible caulking material 4 is polyurethane sealant, is filled at the joint between the artificial stone plates 2 and the plate joint, and is filled in the gap between the connecting piece 3 and the plate joint through the first injection holes 1022 and the second injection holes 306. The flexible caulking material 4 not only can fill the gap, still has certain intensity and elasticity, can reduce the displacement of artificial stone material board 2, when the side fascia runs into wind pressure and produces deformation, the connecting piece 3 can be passed to the pressure that artificial stone material board 2 received, the light steel dragon skeleton 1 is passed to the pressure of connecting piece 3, the deformation of light steel dragon skeleton 1 can drive steel construction main part 7 and double-deck gypsum inner panel 6 deformation, but because the buffering of flexible caulking material 4 between connecting piece 3 and the artificial stone material board 2, the pressure can be more even slowly transmitted, make the deformation volume reduce greatly, because artificial stone material board 2 and double-deck gypsum inner panel 6 take place deformation jointly under the connection of light steel dragon skeleton 1, the probability that makes the crack produce reduces greatly, the elasticity of flexible caulking material 4 also makes panel seam crossing more difficult to split.
The invention also provides an assembly method of the assembled external wall panel, which comprises the following steps:
step one, referring to fig. 3, the ground keel 103 is fixed on the steel structural body 7 by using expansion screws, the vertical keel 102 is clamped in the groove of the earthworm keel 103 and fixed, and then the through keel 101 passes through the vertical keel 102, so that the first bolt holes 1011 on the through keel 101 are aligned with the second bolt holes 1021 on the vertical keel 102, and the light steel keel 1 is formed.
Step two, referring to fig. 8, the first layer of the connecting piece 3 is installed, the third bolt hole 305 of the connecting piece 3 is aligned with the second bolt hole 1021 on the vertical keel 102, the first bolt hole 1011, the second bolt hole 1021 and the third bolt hole 305 are used for screwing and fixing the center penetrating keel 101, the vertical keel 102 and the connecting piece 3, the second bolt hole 1021 and the third bolt hole 305 are used for screwing and fixing the vertical keel 102 and the connecting piece 3, one section of the connecting piece is fixed on the vertical keel 102, and the other end is fixed at the junction of the center penetrating keel 101 and the vertical keel 102, so that the connection strength and the stability of the connecting piece 3 are greatly enhanced.
Step three, referring to fig. 8-9, inserting the lower side plate seam of the artificial stone plate 2 into the upper connecting plate 303 of the first layer connecting piece 3, and filling flexible caulking material 4 at the seam between the plates; the design of the connecting piece 3 can enable the artificial stone plate 2 to be loaded on the connecting piece 3 without any adhesive, so that the installation is convenient and the position is accurate; then insert the lower connecting plate 304 of the second floor connecting piece 3 into the upside of the first floor artificial stone board 2, then use the bolt to pass through the first bolt hole 1011, the second bolt hole 1021, the third bolt hole 305 sequentially to make the second floor connecting piece 3 fix on the light steel keel frame 1, after fixing the first floor artificial stone board 2, fill the flexible caulking material 4 into the cavity of the slab through the first injection hole 1022 and the second injection hole 306, after filling, use the heating gun to heat the cavity, make the flexible caulking material 4 in the cavity solidify, the artificial stone board 2 installed by this method not merely is accurate in position, the steadiness is high, and the diaphragm 302 of the connecting piece 3 can just block the breach that the artificial stone board 2 produces because of the slab joint, make four artificial stone boards 2 splice and form a airtight space in the slab joint cavity, thus make the flexible caulking material 4 filled fill this cavity, and solidify under the effect of the heating gun, the flexible caulking material 4 in the cavity and slab joint place makes the external wallboard have, watertight, buffering effect.
And step four, repeating the step three, and paving the rest artificial stone plates 2.
And fifthly, filling a rock wool heat preservation layer 5 in the light steel keel frame 1 to enable the external wall board to have a heat preservation function.
Step six, referring to fig. 4, fixing a double-layer gypsum inner plate 6 on the inner side of the light steel keel frame 1 by using a nail, after the first layer is fixed, placing a second layer by staggered joint and fixing by using a nail, and completing the assembly of the outer plate wall.
In the scheme of the invention, more practical and convenient single-component polyurethane sealant is selected as the flexible caulking material.
However, since the curing time of the single-component polyurethane sealant in the prior art is too long, the assembly speed of the external wall panel is affected, and in the scheme of the invention, the polyurethane sealant needs to fill the gap between the seam and the connecting piece, so that the polyurethane sealant has high curing speed, certain flowability and certain elasticity after curing.
Because the polyurethane sealant is filled in the gaps of the artificial stone board, the ventilation of the gaps is less, so that the polyurethane sealant solvent is difficult to volatilize and the curing speed is low, after the filling, a baking gun is needed to heat the gaps from the connecting piece or the outer side of the artificial stone board, the volatilization and curing speed of the diluent are accelerated, and the thermal stability of the polyurethane sealant is also needed to be improved.
Therefore, the invention also provides a novel flexible caulking material which is suitable for the requirements of the scheme of the invention, and the raw materials of the flexible caulking material comprise the following components by weight:
120-130 parts of polyurethane prepolymer: T80/T100/MDI, a company of the Temp development Co.Ltd;
150-200 parts of zirconium silicate, a company of the Technique development Co.Ltd;
70-80 parts of plasticizer: di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 80030, sigma-Aldrich;
20-40 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol: 1.02428, sigma-Aldrich;
0.5-1.5 parts of industrial antioxidant, commercially available;
0.2-0.3 part of catalyst: dibutyl tin diacetate, 290890, sigma-Aldrich;
1 to 1.4 parts of silicate coupling agent: vinyl trimethoxysilane, 235768, sigma-Aldrich;
2-3 parts of coupling agent: 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, 281778, sigma-Aldrich;
3-4 parts of an initiator: gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, KH-550, jessaka chemical limited, hangzhou.
The preparation method of the polyurethane sealant comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding a proper amount of water into zirconium silicate, performing ultrasonic treatment to uniformly disperse the zirconium silicate in the water, then adding a silicate coupling agent, stirring for 20-30min, performing suction filtration by using a suction filter, drying and crushing the filtered solid, and sieving the solid with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain modified zirconium silicate powder;
zirconium silicate is an inorganic substance that aggregates to some extent during mixing with polyurethane prepolymers, resulting in uneven dispersion of zirconium silicate powder within the polyurethane sealant. Therefore, the silicate coupling agent is used for changing the chemical property of the surface of the zirconium silicate, and comprises silicon and organic groups, so that chemical bonds can be formed on the surface of the zirconium silicate, the chemical bonds can improve the compatibility between the zirconium silicate and the polyurethane prepolymer, the activity of the zirconium silicate is improved, the dispersibility of the zirconium silicate in the polyurethane prepolymer is enhanced, and the zirconium silicate is uniformly dispersed.
Meanwhile, the silicate coupling agent introduces a siloxane chain, so that the heat resistance of the flexible caulking material is further improved.
Step two, adding polyurethane prepolymer, modified zirconium silicate powder, plasticizer and industrial antioxidant into a stirring kettle, and dispersing in vacuum at 110-120 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain premix;
the low molecular weight di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is used as a plasticizer, so that the fluidity and the extrudability of the product are improved, and the gap of the slab joint can be conveniently reached and filled through the injection hole.
Under vacuum conditions, bubbles more readily rise from the mixture to the surface and drain, helping to reduce the bubble content of the solution, thereby improving the quality of the mixture and helping to form a uniform dispersion in the mixture.
Step three, cooling the premix to 25-35 ℃, adding a coupling agent, an initiator and a catalyst, and stirring for 0.5-0.7h to obtain a mixture;
and fourthly, cooling the mixture to 15-20 ℃, then adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the mixture through a static mixer to dilute the mixture, and finally filling nitrogen for sealing and packaging.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The assembled external wall panel is characterized by comprising a light steel keel frame (1), an artificial stone plate (2), a connecting piece (3), a flexible caulking material (4), a rock wool heat preservation layer (5), a double-layer gypsum inner plate (6) and a steel structure main body (7);
the light steel keel frame (1) consists of earthworm bones (103), vertical keels (102) and a through keel (101); the ground keels (103), the vertical keels (102) and the through keels (101) are U-shaped light steel keels and comprise a bottom panel, a left side panel and a right side panel;
the earthworm bone (103) is upwards opened and horizontally arranged on the steel structure main body (7) and fixedly connected with the steel structure main body (7); the vertical keels (102) are vertically distributed on the earthworm bones (103), and the lower ends of the vertical keels (102) are clamped into grooves of the ground keels (103); the bottom panel of the vertical keel (102) is provided with a square hole, the through keel (101) horizontally passes through the vertical keel (102) through the square hole, and the opening is upward;
the light steel keel frame (1) is fixed on the steel structure main body (7), the right side of the light steel keel frame (1) is connected with the artificial stone plate (2) through the connecting piece (3), the joint of the artificial stone plate (2) is filled with flexible caulking materials (4), the rock wool heat preservation layer (5) is filled in the gap of the light steel keel frame (1), and the left side of the light steel keel frame (1) is provided with a double-layer gypsum inner plate (6);
the connecting piece (3) is composed of a bottom plate (301), a transverse plate (302), an upper connecting plate (303) and a lower connecting plate (304), a third bolt hole (305) is formed in the bottom plate (301), the third bolt hole (305) is identical to the second bolt hole (1021) in size, the transverse plate (302) is arranged on one side of the bottom plate (301), the other end of the transverse plate (302) is connected with the upper connecting plate (303) and the lower connecting plate (304), the upper connecting plate (303) and the lower connecting plate (304) are U-shaped, the upper connecting plate (303) is provided with an opening upwards, the lower connecting plate (304) is provided with an opening downwards, and a second injection hole (306) is formed in the upper connecting plate (303) and penetrates through the upper connecting plate (303), the transverse plate (302) and the bottom plate (301);
the right side panel of the intersection of the center penetrating keel (101) and the vertical keel (102) is provided with two first bolt holes (1011), the vertical keel (102) is provided with two second bolt holes (1021) at the positions of the first bolt holes (1011) and the symmetrical positions above the first bolt holes, the sizes of the two second bolt holes are the same as those of the first bolt holes (1011), and a first injection hole (1022) is arranged above the second bolt holes (1021);
the four corners of the artificial stone plate (2) are provided with plate seams, the plate seams at the upper left corner are matched with the right side of the lower connecting plate (304), the plate seams at the upper right corner are matched with the left side of the lower connecting plate (304), the plate seams at the lower left corner are matched with the right side of the upper connecting plate (303), and the plate seams at the lower right corner are matched with the left side of the upper connecting plate (303).
2. A prefabricated external wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible caulking material (4) is filled in the space between the artificial stone board (2) and the board and the space between the connecting piece (3) and the board.
3. The assembled external wall panel according to claim 2, wherein the flexible caulking material (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
120-130 parts of polyurethane prepolymer, 200-240 parts of zirconium silicate, 70-80 parts of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 20-40 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, 0.5-1.5 parts of industrial antioxidant, 0.2-0.3 part of catalyst, 1-1.4 parts of silicate coupling agent, 2-3 parts of coupling agent and 3-4 parts of initiator.
4. A prefabricated external wall panel according to claim 3, characterized in that said flexible caulking material (4) is prepared by the steps of:
firstly, adding a proper amount of water into zirconium silicate, performing ultrasonic treatment to uniformly disperse the zirconium silicate in the water, then adding a silicate coupling agent, stirring for 20-30min, performing suction filtration by using a suction filter, drying and crushing the filtered solid, and sieving the solid with a 800-mesh sieve to obtain modified zirconium silicate powder;
step two, adding polyurethane prepolymer, modified zirconium silicate powder, plasticizer and industrial antioxidant into a stirring kettle, and dispersing in vacuum at 110-120 ℃ for 2-3h to obtain premix;
step three, cooling the premix to 25-35 ℃, adding a coupling agent, an initiator and a catalyst, and stirring for 0.5-0.7h to obtain a mixture;
and fourthly, cooling the mixture to 15-20 ℃, then adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the mixture through a static mixer to dilute the mixture, and finally filling nitrogen for sealing and packaging.
5. A method of assembling a fabricated side fascia according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the method of assembling comprises the steps of:
step one, fixing a ground keel (103) on a steel structure main body (7) by using an expansion screw, clamping a vertical keel (102) in a groove of the earthworm keel (103) and fixing, and then enabling a penetrating keel (101) to penetrate through the vertical keel (102) to enable a first bolt hole (1011) on the penetrating keel (101) to be aligned with a second bolt hole (1021) on the vertical keel (102) to form a light steel keel frame (1);
installing a first layer of connecting piece (3), aligning a third bolt hole (305) of the connecting piece (3) with a second bolt hole (1021) on the vertical keel (102), enabling the through keel (101), the vertical keel (102) and the connecting piece (3) to be screwed and fixed through the first bolt hole (1011), the second bolt hole (1021) and the third bolt hole (305) sequentially, and enabling the vertical keel (102) and the connecting piece (3) to be screwed and fixed through the second bolt hole (1021) and the third bolt hole (305);
step three, inserting the lower side plate seam of the artificial stone plate (2) into the upper connecting plate (303) of the first layer connecting piece (3), and filling flexible caulking materials (4) at the seam of the plates; then inserting a lower connecting plate (304) of a second layer connecting piece (3) into the upper side of the first layer artificial stone plate (2), then fixing the second layer connecting piece (3) on the light steel keel frame (1) by using bolts through the first bolt holes (1011), the second bolt holes (1021) and the third bolt holes (305) in sequence, filling flexible caulking materials (4) into the plate seam cavity through the first injection holes (1022) and the second injection holes (306), heating the cavity by using a heating gun after filling, and solidifying the flexible caulking materials (4) in the cavity;
step four, repeating the step three, and paving the rest artificial stone plates (2);
fifthly, filling a rock wool heat preservation layer (5) in the light steel keel frame (1);
and step six, fixing a double-layer gypsum inner plate (6) on the inner side of the light steel keel frame (1) by using a nail, and after the first layer is fixed, placing a second layer by staggered joint and fixing by using the nail, thereby completing the assembly of the outer plate wall.
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