CN117394646A - Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117394646A
CN117394646A CN202311177662.1A CN202311177662A CN117394646A CN 117394646 A CN117394646 A CN 117394646A CN 202311177662 A CN202311177662 A CN 202311177662A CN 117394646 A CN117394646 A CN 117394646A
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China
Prior art keywords
resistor
branch
triode
voltage
source module
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CN202311177662.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
左雄
阙梦尧
徐浩
罗利杰
吴昊
江开泰
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Wuhan Magmett Electric Co ltd
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Wuhan Magmett Electric Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311177662.1A priority Critical patent/CN117394646A/en
Publication of CN117394646A publication Critical patent/CN117394646A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment, and this circuit includes: the constant current source module is connected with the power end and is configured to generate constant current; the mirror current source module is connected with the power end and comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch; and the reference voltage source module is connected with the second branch and is configured to charge based on the current of the second branch so as to generate a preset reference voltage. By the method, the linear monotonicity of the stable rising of the output voltage can be realized.

Description

Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The application relates generally to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a voltage reference circuit, a switching power supply and electronic equipment.
Background
The current output voltage refers to a given circuit, usually uses a reference value of a reference voltage source chip (such as TL 431) as a fixed given voltage, and when the output voltage reaches a preset value, an overshoot waveform appears, which is especially serious in no-load or light-load power utilization systems; in the improvement scheme, an RC (resistor-capacitor) slow charging scheme is also used as a given output reference voltage, but the voltage rising waveform of the scheme is exponentially changed, the voltage rising rate in the initial stage is higher, the rising rate is obviously slowed down after passing through a RC time constant, and if the compatibility of the output voltage loop parameter design is poor, the rising of the voltage waveform is easy to occur, and particularly, the rising of the voltage waveform is more obvious when the capacitive load is output.
The most ideal scheme is that the reference voltage of the output voltage rises in a linear rule. If a digital IC controlled power supply is used, the function can be easily implemented, and the reference voltage variable can be linearly changed in the DSP (Digital Signal Processing ) chip by only a few lines of codes, but the cost of using the digital power supply scheme is higher, and the requirements on the developers are also higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a voltage reference circuit, a switching power supply and electronic equipment, which are used for solving the problem that in an electricity utilization system, high requirements are imposed on the rising linear monotonicity of output voltage in the switching circuit.
The application provides a voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment, and this circuit includes: the constant current source module is connected with the power end and is configured to generate constant current; the mirror current source module is connected with the power end and comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch; and the reference voltage source module is connected with the second branch and is configured to charge based on the current of the second branch so as to generate a preset reference voltage.
In an embodiment, the voltage reference circuit further comprises an enabling module, the enabling module is connected to the power supply terminal, and the enabling module is configured to enable control of the voltage reference circuit.
In an embodiment, the enabling module includes a MOS transistor, a first end of the MOS transistor is connected to the power supply terminal, a second end of the MOS transistor is grounded, and a control terminal of the MOS transistor is configured to input an enabling signal, where the enabling signal is used to control the on or off of the MOS transistor.
In an embodiment, the enabling module further comprises: the first end of the first resistor is connected with the control end of the MOS tube, and the second end of the first resistor is grounded; the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the first capacitor is grounded; and a second resistor, a first end of the second resistor being connected to a first end of the first resistor, a second end of the second resistor being configured to input an enable signal.
In one embodiment, the constant current source module includes: the anode of the first reference voltage source is grounded, and the cathode of the first reference voltage source is connected with the power supply end; the first end of the third resistor is connected with the reference end of the first reference voltage source, and the second end of the third resistor is grounded; the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the first end of the third resistor, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the first branch.
In an embodiment, the constant current source module further comprises: the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the power end, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source; and the first end of the fifth resistor is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second branch.
In one embodiment, a mirrored current source module includes: the second triode is PNP, the emitter of the second triode is connected with the power supply end, the collector of the second triode is connected with the constant current source module, and the base of the second triode is connected with the collector of the second triode; and the base electrode of the third triode is connected with the base electrode of the second triode.
In one embodiment, the reference voltage source module includes: the cathode of the second reference voltage source is connected with the second branch, the reference end of the second reference voltage source is connected with the second branch, and the anode of the second reference voltage source is grounded; the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the cathode of the second reference voltage source, and the second end of the second capacitor is grounded; and the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is grounded.
To solve the above problems, the present application also provides a switching power supply including the voltage reference circuit described in any one of the above.
To solve the above problems, the present application also provides an electronic device including the voltage reference circuit described in any one of the above.
The voltage reference circuit provided by the application comprises: the constant current source module is connected with the power end and is configured to generate constant current; the mirror current source module is connected with the power end and comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch; and the reference voltage source module is connected with the second branch and is configured to charge based on the current of the second branch so as to generate a preset reference voltage. Through the circuit, constant current is generated by using the constant current source, and the constant current generated by the constant current source is copied by using the mirror current source, so that the capacitor is charged by inputting stable current into the capacitor, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is stably and linearly increased, and the voltage is stably increased at a set reference value, and the linear requirement of stably increasing the output voltage is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a voltage reference circuit provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of a voltage reference circuit provided in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply provided herein;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not limiting. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in this application are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a voltage reference circuit provided in the present application, and the voltage reference circuit 100 includes a constant current source module 10, a mirror current source module 20, and a reference voltage source module 30.
Wherein the constant current source module 10 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the constant current source module 10 is configured to generate a constant current; the mirror current source module 20 is connected with the power supply end VCC, the mirror current source module 20 comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module 10 so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch; the reference voltage source module 30 is connected to the second branch, and the reference voltage source module 30 is configured to charge based on the second branch current to generate a preset reference voltage.
Alternatively, in an embodiment, the voltage reference chips configured in the constant current source module 10 and the reference voltage source module 30 may be any voltage reference chip that meets the voltage source required to be generated by the circuit, for example, a TL431 chip is used, the TL431 is a three-terminal adjustable reference voltage chip with good thermal stability, the output voltage of the three-terminal adjustable reference voltage chip is adjustable, and in the case that the power supply voltage is enough, only two resistors are needed to set any value in the range of 2.5-36V.
It can be understood that, if the constant current source module 10 generates a constant current and the first branch inputs the constant current, the second branch generates a constant current with the same current, and the constant current is input to the capacitor to charge the capacitor, so that the voltage at two ends of the capacitor stably rises linearly and is stabilized at the set reference value, so as to meet the linear requirement of the stable rising of the output voltage.
Optionally, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of an embodiment of a voltage reference circuit provided in the present application, where the voltage reference circuit 100 includes a constant current source module 10, a mirror current source module 20, a reference voltage source module 30, and an enable module 40.
Wherein the constant current source module 10 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the constant current source module 10 is configured to generate a constant current; the mirror current source module 20 is connected with the power supply end VCC, the mirror current source module 20 comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module 10 so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch; the reference voltage source module 30 is connected to the second branch, and the reference voltage source module 30 is configured to charge based on the second branch current to generate a preset reference voltage; the enabling module 40 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and the enabling module 40 is configured to perform enabling control on the voltage reference circuit 100.
Optionally, the voltage reference circuit 100 may further include a pull-up resistor R0, where a first end of the pull-up resistor R0 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, and a second end of the pull-up resistor R0 is connected to the enable module 40, the constant current source module 10, and the mirror current source module 20, and functions as a pull-up voltage.
It will be appreciated that the Enable module 40 may be enabled to turn on and off the voltage reference circuit 100 via an external Enable signal Enable. For example, in one embodiment, when the Enable signal Enable is low level "0", the output voltage reference circuit 100 operates normally, and the voltage on the corresponding reference capacitor increases linearly from 0V until the set reference voltage value; when the Enable signal Enable is high level "1", the Enable module 40 is turned on, which is equivalent to the second ground of the pull-up resistor R0, the constant current source module supplies power to 0V, the current is 0A, and no current will charge the corresponding reference capacitor, so that the corresponding reference capacitor charges and gradually discharges to 0V through the consumption resistor.
Optionally, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the enabling module 40 includes a MOS transistor CS1, a first end of the MOS transistor CS1 is connected to the power supply terminal VCC, a second end of the MOS transistor CS1 is grounded, and a control terminal of the MOS transistor CS1 is configured to input an Enable signal Enable, where the Enable signal Enable is used to control on or off of the MOS transistor CS 1.
Optionally, the MOS transistor may be an NMOS, which is turned off when the gate of the NMOS receives the Enable signal Enable to be low level "0", and turned on when the gate of the NMOS receives the Enable signal Enable to be high level "1".
Optionally, in an embodiment, as shown, the enabling module 40 further includes: a first resistor R1, a first capacitor C1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the control end (gate) of the MOS transistor CS1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, the first resistor R1 is used as a protection resistor of the gate of the MOS transistor CS1, it can be understood that the protection resistor of the gate has the function of providing bias voltage for the MOS transistor, and the protection resistor of the gate has the function of discharging a small amount of static electricity of G-S (protection gates G-source S) as a discharging resistor to prevent the MOS transistor from generating malfunction and even breakdown the MOS transistor, thereby playing a role of protecting the MOS transistor; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the second resistor R2, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded, the first capacitor C1 is used as an anti-interference capacitor, and it can be understood that after the anti-interference capacitor is added, when external interference occurs, the capacitor can filter the voltage which changes instantly when the signal has abrupt change, so as to prevent the circuit from misjudging, and then the circuit can smooth the external signal so as to make the signal smoother, so that the circuit can test and prevent high-frequency self-excitation oscillation; the first terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1, the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is configured to input an enable signal, and the second resistor R2 serves as a driving resistor.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the constant current source module 10 includes: the first reference voltage source U1, the third resistor R3 and the first triode Q1. Wherein, the anode of the first reference voltage source U1 is grounded, and the cathode of the first reference voltage source U1 is connected with the power supply end VCC (or the second end of the pull-up resistor R0); the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the reference end of the first reference voltage source U1, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded; the first triode Q1 is NPN, the base electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source U1, the emitter electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with the first end of the third resistor R3, and the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with the first branch.
It will be appreciated that the first reference voltage source U1 generates a stable voltage when the cathode thereof has a current, that is, when a current flows through the cathode of the first reference voltage source U1 at the voltage provided by the power supply terminal VCC, the first voltage V1 is generated stably between the reference terminal and the ground terminal of the first reference voltage source U1 (i.e., the two ends of the third resistor R3), and then the magnitude of the current flowing through the third resistor R3 is determined by the ratio of the first voltage V1 to the third resistor R3 (V1/R3). Further, the emitter current of the first transistor Q1 is equal to the base current plus the collector current, and since the base current is very small and negligible, the emitter current of the first transistor Q1 can be considered to be equal to the collector current, so the collector current of the first transistor Q1 is also V1/R3, i.e. constant current.
By connecting the collector of the first transistor Q1 to the first branch of the current mirror module 20 in the above manner, the constant current can be replicated by the second branch of the current mirror module 20.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the constant current source module 10 further includes: a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the power supply end VCC, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source U1; and a first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the second branch.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the mirrored current source module 20 includes a second transistor Q2 and a third transistor Q3. The second triode Q2 is a PNP type, an emitter of the second triode Q2 is connected to a power supply end, a collector of the second triode Q2 is connected to the constant current source module 10 (i.e., a second end of the fifth resistor R5), and a base of the second triode Q2 is connected to the collector of the second triode Q2; the third triode Q3 is PNP, the emitter of the third triode Q3 is connected with the power supply end VCC, the collector of the third triode Q3 is connected with the reference voltage source module 30, and the base of the third triode Q3 is connected with the base of the second triode Q2.
It can be understood that the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 form the mirror current source module 20 under the condition of the same size, the base voltages and the emitter voltages of the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 are the same, and the currents are approximately equal and operate in the amplifying region, the currents of the collector terminals of the two transistors are approximately equal, and the collector current of the first transistor Q1 in the constant current source module 10 is a constant value, so the currents of the collector terminals of the three transistors are equal.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the reference voltage source module 30 includes a second reference voltage source U2, a second capacitor C2, and a sixth resistor R6. Specifically, the cathode of the second reference voltage source U2 is connected to the second branch, the reference end of the second reference voltage source U2 is connected to the second branch, and the anode of the second reference voltage source U2 is grounded; the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the second reference voltage source U2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded.
It will be appreciated that the voltage across the second capacitor C2 is an integral of the current flowing through the capacitor with respect to time, and when the current flowing through the second capacitor C2 remains constant, the voltage across the second capacitor C2 increases linearly with time, and the second reference voltage source U2 may stabilize the voltage after the increase of the second capacitor C2 at a set reference value, for example, 2.5V.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply provided herein, where the switching power supply 200 includes a voltage reference circuit 100, and the voltage reference circuit 100 includes any one of the voltage reference circuits described in the above embodiments, so as to provide a voltage output with stable linearity to the switching power supply 200 through the voltage reference circuit.
It can be understood that the switching power supply is a power supply manufactured by adopting the high-efficiency, energy-saving and small-volume electronic power (Power Electronics) technology, and can receive and convert the direct-current voltage of the input power supply through a series of electronic elements to achieve the required stable and controllable voltage of the output power supply. Compared with the traditional linear power supply, the switching power supply has the advantages of high efficiency, strong load adaptability, light size, low cost and the like, and has been widely applied to the fields of electronic equipment, industrial control and communication.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device 300 provided in the present application, where the electronic device 300 includes a voltage reference circuit 100, and the voltage reference circuit 100 includes any one of the voltage reference circuits described in the above embodiments, so as to provide a stable linear voltage output to the electronic device 300 through the voltage reference circuit.
Through the circuit, constant current is generated by using the constant current source, and the constant current generated by the constant current source is copied by using the mirror current source, so that the capacitor is charged by inputting stable current into the capacitor, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor is stably and linearly increased, and the voltage is stably increased at a set reference value, and the linear requirement of stably increasing the output voltage is met.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the present application, wherein specific examples are provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, the above examples being provided solely to assist in the understanding of the methods of the present application and the core ideas thereof; meanwhile, those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in light of the ideas of the present application, and the present description should not be construed as limiting the present application in view of the above.

Claims (10)

1. A voltage reference circuit for outputting a reference voltage, the voltage reference circuit comprising:
the constant current source module is connected with the power end and is configured to generate constant current;
the mirror current source module is connected with the power end and comprises a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected with the constant current source module, so that the current of the first branch is equal to the constant current, and the current of the second branch is equal to the current of the first branch;
and the reference voltage source module is connected with the second branch and is configured to charge based on the second branch current so as to generate the preset reference voltage.
2. The voltage reference circuit of claim 1, further comprising an enable module connected to the power supply terminal, the enable module configured to enable control of the voltage reference circuit.
3. The voltage reference circuit of claim 2, wherein the enabling module comprises a MOS transistor, a first end of the MOS transistor is connected to the power supply terminal, a second end of the MOS transistor is grounded, and a control terminal of the MOS transistor is configured to input an enabling signal, and the enabling signal is used to control the MOS transistor to be turned on or off.
4. The voltage reference circuit of claim 3, wherein the enabling module further comprises:
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the control end of the MOS tube, and the second end of the first resistor is grounded;
the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the first capacitor is grounded;
and a second resistor, a first end of the second resistor being connected to the first end of the first resistor, a second end of the second resistor being configured to input the enable signal.
5. The voltage reference circuit of claim 1, wherein the constant current source module comprises:
the anode of the first reference voltage source is grounded, and the cathode of the first reference voltage source is connected with the power supply end;
the first end of the third resistor is connected with the reference end of the first reference voltage source, and the second end of the third resistor is grounded;
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source, the emitting electrode of the first triode is connected with the first end of the third resistor, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the first branch.
6. The voltage reference circuit of claim 5, wherein the constant current source module further comprises:
the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the power end, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the cathode of the first reference voltage source;
and the first end of the fifth resistor is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second branch.
7. The voltage reference circuit of claim 1, wherein the mirrored current source module comprises:
the second triode is PNP, the emitting electrode of the second triode is connected with the power supply end, the collecting electrode of the second triode is connected with the constant current source module, and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the collecting electrode of the second triode;
and the third triode is PNP, the emitter of the third triode is connected with the power supply end, the collector of the third triode is connected with the reference voltage source module, and the base of the third triode is connected with the base of the second triode.
8. The voltage reference circuit of claim 1, wherein the base voltage source module comprises:
the cathode of the second reference voltage source is connected with the second branch, the reference end of the second reference voltage source is connected with the second branch, and the anode of the second reference voltage source is grounded;
the first end of the second capacitor is connected with the cathode of the second reference voltage source, and the second end of the second capacitor is grounded;
and the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the sixth resistor is grounded.
9. A switching power supply comprising a voltage reference circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electronic device comprising a voltage reference circuit according to any of claims 1-8 or comprising a switching power supply according to claim 9.
CN202311177662.1A 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment Pending CN117394646A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311177662.1A CN117394646A (en) 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311177662.1A CN117394646A (en) 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117394646A true CN117394646A (en) 2024-01-12

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CN202311177662.1A Pending CN117394646A (en) 2023-09-11 2023-09-11 Voltage reference circuit, switching power supply and electronic equipment

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