CN117393839A - Lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117393839A CN117393839A CN202311570497.6A CN202311570497A CN117393839A CN 117393839 A CN117393839 A CN 117393839A CN 202311570497 A CN202311570497 A CN 202311570497A CN 117393839 A CN117393839 A CN 117393839A
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- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- safety
- electrolyte
- battery
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 nitrile compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YWJVFBOUPMWANA-UHFFFAOYSA-H [Li+].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Li+].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YWJVFBOUPMWANA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VCYZVXRKYPKDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CF VCYZVXRKYPKDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YGJMWVCEUNWDOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl carbonofluoridate Chemical compound COC(F)=O YGJMWVCEUNWDOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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Abstract
The application relates to a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The lithium ion battery comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are immersed in the electrolyte, the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, a safety base coat coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the surface of the safety base coat, and the thickness of the safety base coat is D 1 μm, thickness of positive electrode active material layer D 2 μm; the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, an additive and lithium salt, wherein the organic solvent comprises propyl propionate, and the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is W 1 Percent, addThe additive comprises a basic additive and fluorobenzene, wherein the mass ratio of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte is W 2 The%; wherein D is 0.1.ltoreq.D 1 ≤16，1≤(D 1 +D 2 )/W 1 ≤8，0.1≤W 2 And is less than or equal to 15. According to the scheme, the impedance of the safety bottom coating system can be reduced, the capacity of the battery core is improved, the internal resistance in the battery circulation process is reduced, the coating surface density of the positive electrode plate is improved, and the energy density of the battery is improved while the safety performance of the battery is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lithium ion battery is a basic electronic product for supporting industrial development of novel intelligent terminals, electric tools, new energy storage and the like. Along with the continuous development of intelligent product technology, the requirements on the safety performance and the energy density of the battery are also higher and higher, wherein one of the most dangerous safety failure modes of the lithium ion battery is that the full-electricity negative electrode active material is in short circuit with the positive aluminum foil, and a large amount of heat can be instantaneously generated in the short circuit mode, so that the battery core is caused to quickly run away to fire.
In order to improve the safety of the battery core of the lithium ion battery, a safety priming method is generally adopted to reduce the possibility of short circuit of the battery. However, the adoption of the safety prime coat can reduce the gram capacity of the battery cell, worsen the internal resistance and reduce the coating surface density of the positive electrode plate, which can reduce the battery cell energy density of the lithium ion battery.
Therefore, how to achieve both the safety performance and the energy density of the battery is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related art, the application provides a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof, which can reduce the impedance of a safety base coat system, improve the gram capacity of a battery core, reduce the increase of internal resistance in the battery cycle process, improve the coating surface density of a positive electrode plate, ensure the safety performance of the battery and improve the energy density of the battery.
The first aspect of the application provides a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are immersed in the electrolyte, and the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, a safety base coat coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode coated on the surface of the safety base coatAn active material layer, the thickness of the safety base coat layer is D 1 μm, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is D 2 μm; the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, an additive and lithium salt, wherein the organic solvent comprises propyl propionate, and the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is W 1 The additive comprises a basic additive and fluorobenzene, wherein the mass ratio of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte is W 2 The%; wherein D is 0.1.ltoreq.D 1 ≤16，1≤(D 1 +D 2 )/W 1 ≤8，0.1≤W 2 ≤15。
In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is 10% to less than or equal to W 1 ≤50％。
In some embodiments of the present application, the safety primer layer is formed by a safety primer slurry applied to the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the safety primer slurry comprises a safety primer material, wherein the safety primer material comprises one or more of lithium iron phosphate, aluminum oxide, boehmite, lithium vanadium phosphate, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide and calcium oxide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the safety primer further comprises a conductive agent and a binder; the mass ratio of the safety primer coating material in the safety primer coating slurry is 20% -50%.
In some embodiments of the present application, the base additive includes one or more of a sulfonate compound, a fluorocarbonate compound, and a nitrile compound.
In some embodiments of the present application, the base additive comprises 1, 3-propane sultone, fluoroethylene carbonate, and 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile.
In some embodiments of the present application, the organic solvent further comprises one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl fluoroacetate, methylethyl fluoroacetate, dimethyl fluoroacetate, propylene fluoroacarbonate.
In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the organic solvent in the electrolyte is 50% to 80%; the mass ratio of the additive in the electrolyte is 5-20%.
In some embodiments of the present application, the Fe content in the positive electrode sheet is greater than 150ppm.
A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a lithium ion battery according to the first aspect of the present application, including the following steps:
(1) Mixing a safety base coating material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form a safety base coating slurry, coating the safety base coating slurry on a positive electrode current collector, and drying to form a safety base coating, wherein the safety base coating is used as a carrier of a positive electrode active material layer;
(2) Mixing an anode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form anode slurry, and coating the anode slurry on the safety base coat to form an anode active material layer; the positive pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(3) Mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a negative electrode slurry, and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector to form a negative electrode active material layer; the negative pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(4) Sequentially superposing the positive electrode plate, the isolating film and the negative electrode plate, and winding to obtain a bare cell; and injecting the electrolyte into the bare cell to obtain the lithium ion battery.
The technical scheme that this application provided can include following beneficial effect: the electrolyte formula is adjusted to be in relation with the safety undercoating layer and the positive electrode active material layer in the positive electrode plate, the soaking effect of the electrode plate can be improved by utilizing fluorobenzene and propyl propionate in the electrolyte, the circulation capacity retention rate and the active material coating amount of the battery of the safety undercoating system are improved, the coating surface density window of the positive electrode plate of the battery is improved, meanwhile, the internal resistance change rate in the circulation process is reduced, and the energy density of the battery can be improved while the safety performance of the battery is ensured.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, the invention will be described in detail. Before the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular embodiments described. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
The terminology used in the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in the smaller ranges, and are also encompassed within the invention, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the invention. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although any methods and materials equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described.
The shorting of lithium ion batteries is typically of the following types: 1) Short circuit between current collectors, short circuit between copper foil and aluminum foil; 2) Positive and negative active materials; 3) A negative electrode active material and a positive electrode current collector aluminum foil; 4) And a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode current collector copper foil. One of the most dangerous safe failure modes of the lithium ion battery is that the full-electricity negative electrode active substance is in short circuit with the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil, and a large amount of heat can be instantaneously generated due to the minimum contact resistance when the short circuit occurs, so that the battery core is caused to quickly run away to fire.
Therefore, in order to improve the safety of the battery core of the lithium ion battery, the possibility of short circuit of the battery is reduced by adopting a mode of carrying out safety prime coating on the aluminum foil of the positive current collector, and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is improved. However, the design of the safety primer can cause the capacity of the battery cell to be reduced, the coating surface density of the positive electrode plate to be reduced, and the battery cell energy density of the lithium ion battery is reduced. Therefore, the development of the lithium ion battery with both safety performance and energy density has important significance.
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a lithium ion battery, which can improve the battery energy density while ensuring the battery safety performance.
The lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are immersed in the electrolyte.
The positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, a safety base coat coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the surface of the safety base coat, wherein the thickness of the safety base coat is D 1 μm, thickness of positive electrode active material layer D 2 μm; the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, an additive and lithium salt, wherein the organic solvent comprises propyl propionate, and the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is W 1 The additive comprises a basic additive and fluorobenzene; wherein D is 0.1.ltoreq.D 1 ≤16，1≤(D 1 +D 2 )/W 1 ≤8，0.1≤W 2 ≤15。
In the lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the application, the positive electrode current collector is subjected to safety prime coating treatment to form a safety prime coating, and a protective layer is formed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, such as an aluminum foil, so that the possibility of short circuit between the negative electrode active material and the aluminum foil is reduced, and the safety performance of the battery is improved. Meanwhile, the relation between the formula of the electrolyte and the safety undercoating layer and the positive electrode active material layer in the positive electrode sheet is limited to be less than or equal to 1 (D 1 +D 2 )/W 1 Less than or equal to 8, the combination of the propyl propionate and the fluorobenzene added in the electrolyte can improve the wettability of the battery pole piece, reduce the impedance of a safety base coating system,the gram capacity exertion of the battery is improved, the internal resistance increase in the battery circulation process is reduced, the coating surface density window of the positive electrode active material on the surface of the positive electrode current collector is improved, and the battery energy density and the circulation performance are improved while the safety performance of the battery is ensured. In addition, the embodiment of the application further limits the content of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte to be more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to W 2 And the wettability between the electrolyte and the battery pole piece is further regulated by controlling the content of fluorobenzene to be less than or equal to 15, so that the electrolyte can fully and uniformly infiltrate the pole piece, the charge transmission efficiency is improved, and the energy density and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of propyl propionate in the electrolyte, W 1 W is 10% or less 1 Less than or equal to 50 percent; preferably 10.ltoreq.W 1 And is less than or equal to 30. The propyl propionate can reduce the viscosity of the electrolyte, and the content of the propyl propionate and fluorobenzene in the electrolyte can be controlled, so that the electrolyte can be better contacted with the anode material, the infiltration effect is further improved, the charge transmission efficiency is increased, and the energy density and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte is W 2 % is preferably 3.ltoreq.W 2 And is less than or equal to 8. The fluorobenzene has the advantages of small molecular weight and low melting point, so that a smaller contact angle is formed between the electrolyte and the battery pole piece, the surface tension of the electrolyte can be reduced, the wettability of the battery pole piece is improved, the electrolyte can fully and uniformly infiltrate the pole piece inside the battery, the problems of reduced contact area between the electrolyte and the pole piece and obstruction of an ion transmission channel caused by gas production of the electrolyte are solved, the charge transmission efficiency is improved, and the energy density and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.
The electrolyte is one of the main materials of lithium ion batteries, and is one of the important factors affecting the performance of the lithium ion secondary batteries. The solvent, the lithium salt and the additive are main components of the electrolyte, and have great influence on the performances of the battery, such as circulation, impedance, dynamics and the like. According to the embodiment of the application, through optimizing the composition of the electrolyte, the content of the solvent propyl propionate in the electrolyte, the content of the additive fluorobenzene, parameters such as a safety bottom coating in the positive electrode plate, a positive electrode active material layer and the like are comprehensively designed, so that the parameters can be met, polarization and initial impedance can be reduced, further, the lithium ion battery has good capacity retention rate and lower impedance growth rate in the use process, and the cycle performance of the battery is improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the organic solvent further comprises one or more of Ethylene Carbonate (EC), propylene Carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), ethyl Propionate (EP), propyl Propionate (PP), ethyl fluoroacetate (DFEA), ethylmethyl Fluorocarbonate (FEMC), dimethyl Fluorocarbonate (FDMC), propylene Fluorocarbonate (FPC); two or more of the above organic solvents are preferable. In the embodiment of the application, the organic solvent adopts the chain ester solvent propyl propionate and the cyclic ester solvent such as Ethylene Carbonate (EC), propylene Carbonate (PC) and the like to be used in combination, so that the viscosity of the electrolyte can be adjusted, a good infiltration effect is achieved between the electrolyte and the electrode pole piece, the dynamic performance of the lithium ion battery is improved, and the battery has good gram capacity.
In some alternative embodiments, the lithium salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) Lithium difluorooxalato borate (LiODFB), lithium bisoxalato borate (LiBOB), lithium difluorodioxaato phosphate (LiDFOP), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF) 4 ) Lithium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI), lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO) 2 F 2 ) One or more of (a) and (b).
In some alternative embodiments, the base additive includes one or more of a sulfonate compound, a fluorocarbonate compound, and a nitrile compound.
In some alternative embodiments, the sulfonate compound includes one or more of 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 3-propene sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone; the fluorocarbonate compound comprises one or more of fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate and trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate; the nitrile compounds include dinitrile compounds and trinitrile compounds, wherein the dinitrile compounds include one or more of succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, hexadinitrile, sebaconitrile, nondinitrile, dicyanobenzene, pyridine-3, 4-dinitrile, 2, 5-dicyanopyridine, 2, 3-tetrafluorosuccinonitrile, tetrafluoro terephthalonitrile, 4-tetrahydrothiopyran methylene malononitrile, fumaric dinitrile, ethylene glycol dipropylene nitrile ether and 1,4,5, 6-tetrahydro-5, 6-dioxo-2, 3-pyrazinedicarbonitrile; the dinitrile compound includes one or more of 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile, 1,3, 5-cyclohexanedinitrile, 1,3, 5-benzene tricarbonitrile, 1,2, 3-propane tricarbonitrile and glycerol tricarbonitrile.
In some preferred embodiments, the base additive includes 1, 3-Propane Sultone (PS), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and 1,3, 6-Hexanetrinitrile (HTCN).
In some alternative embodiments, the mass percent of sulfonate compound is 0.5% to 5% based on 100% of the total mass of the electrolyte; the mass percentage of the fluorocarbonate compound is 0.5-10%; the mass percentage of the nitrile compound is 0.1-5%.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the components in the additive to fluorobenzene, 1, 3-Propane Sultone (PS), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile, is (3-8): 2-6): 5-10): 1-5.
In the embodiment of the application, the basic additive is taken as an additive component which is necessary to be added in the electrolyte, wherein the sulfonate compound such as 1, 3-propane sultone is taken as a film forming additive, which is beneficial to film forming of the anode and the cathode of the battery, improves the stability of an anode and cathode interface film, inhibits the occurrence of side reaction on the surface of the electrode and the dissolution of metal ions, improves the initial capacity of the battery and improves the high-temperature performance of the battery; the fluorocarbonate compound such as fluoroethylene carbonate is used as a film forming additive, so that a solid SEI film can be formed on the surface of the negative electrode continuously, side reactions on the surface of the electrode are inhibited, the impedance growth of the battery is reduced, and the capacity and the cycle performance of the battery are improved; nitrile compounds such as 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile can be complexed on the surface of the positive electrode, inhibit the dissolution of transition metals such as Co, and improve the capacity and cycle performance of the battery.
In some alternative embodiments, the additives may also include other auxiliary additives including, but not limited to, one or more of vinylene carbonate, propenolactone, methylene methane disulfonate, vinyl sulfate, tri-glyceronitrile, 3',3", 3'" (ethane 1,2 tetraalkyltetra (oxy)) tetrapropylnitrile, without limitation herein.
In some alternative embodiments, the total mass percent of the organic solvent is 50% to 80% based on 100% of the total mass of the electrolyte; the total mass percentage of the additive is 5-20%; the mass percentage of the lithium salt is 10-30%.
According to the lithium ion battery, additive components in the electrolyte are optimized, the proportion relation of the components is met, fluorobenzene, sulfonate compound additive 1, 3-propane sultone, fluoroethylene carbonate and nitrile additive 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile are used in combination with organic solvents such as propyl propionate and lithium salt, so that a coordination effect is achieved, the viscosity, melting point and other properties of the electrolyte are improved, the electrolyte has sufficient stability, wettability is improved, stable and compact SEI films are continuously generated in the use process of the battery, uniform and rapid transmission of lithium ions is realized, the dynamic performance of the battery is improved, and the cycle performance of the battery is improved; meanwhile, the additive combination can be used for relieving the decomposition of the electrolyte, inhibiting the dissolution of transition metal in the electrolyte at high temperature, removing side reaction substances generated by the decomposition of the electrolyte, reducing the side reaction on the surface of the electrode, promoting the formation of a more regular and compact interfacial film on the surface of the positive electrode material, and improving the interfacial performance of the positive electrode of the battery. The additive combinations employing the present application can therefore be applied in high energy density lithium ion batteries.
In some alternative embodiments, the thickness D of the security primer layer 1 Preferably 4 μm.ltoreq.D 1 ≤8μm。
In some alternative embodiments, the thickness D of the positive electrode active material layer 2 Preferably 50 μm.ltoreq.D 2 Less than or equal to 80 mu m; more preferably 55 μm.ltoreq.D 2 ≤65μm。
In some preferred embodiments, the ratio D of the thickness of the safety primer layer and the positive electrode active material layer in the positive electrode sheet 1 /D 2 0.06 to 0.12.
In this embodiment of the application, through adjusting safety undercoat and positive electrode active material layer at more suitable thickness for safety undercoat thickness D1 and positive electrode active material layer utilize safety undercoat and positive electrode active material layer's separation effect, can avoid positive electrode current collector aluminium foil direct contact barrier film or negative electrode current collector or negative electrode active material, reduce the battery failure risk that the dipolar short circuit led to better in the time of control cost, realize good battery cycle performance and security performance. Moreover, when the thicknesses of the safety base coat and the positive electrode active material layer meet the above conditions, the battery can be ensured to have good safety performance and high needling passing rate, and the gram capacity of the positive electrode material can be improved, so that the energy density and the multiplying power performance of the battery are improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the safety primer layer is formed by applying a safety primer slurry to the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
The safety primer comprises a safety primer material, and the safety primer material can be selected from one or more of lithium iron phosphate, aluminum oxide, boehmite, lithium vanadium phosphate, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide and calcium oxide. In this application embodiment, carry out safe base coat processing on anodal mass flow body aluminium foil surface, utilize the separation effect of above-mentioned safe base coat material can increase the heat resistance of barrier film, increase the puncture resistance of barrier film, reduce the incident that causes because of electric core short circuit, promote security performance, cycle performance and the energy density of battery.
In some optional embodiments, the safety primer paste further includes a conductive agent, which may be selected from one or more of superconducting carbon, acetylene black (ACET), carbon Black (CB), ketjen black, carbon Dots (CDs), carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GPE), and Carbon Nanofibers (CNF), which is not limited in this application.
In some alternative embodiments, the safety primer slurry further includes a binder, which may be selected from one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymers, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers, and fluoroacrylate resins, as not limited in this application.
In some alternative embodiments, the safety primer slurry further comprises a solvent, such as N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
In some preferred embodiments, the mass percent of the safety primer material is 20% to 50% based on 100% of the total mass of the safety primer slurry.
According to the embodiment of the application, the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector can be connected through the safety base coat, interface contact internal resistance of the two-electrode active material is reduced, interface electronic conductivity can be improved, positive electrode gram capacity of the existing safety battery core is improved, and therefore battery energy density is improved. Meanwhile, by optimizing the formula of the electrolyte in the embodiment of the application, the wettability of the electrolyte and the anode material is improved through the combined use of propyl propionate and fluorobenzene, the interface impedance of a safety bottom coating system battery is reduced, and the coating surface density window of the anode material is improved, so that the energy density of the safety battery cell is further improved; and the internal resistance increase rate in the battery circulation process can be reduced, the dynamics of the battery core is improved, the phenomenon of battery circulation water jump is avoided, and the battery circulation performance is improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer is formed by coating a positive electrode slurry on the surface of the safety undercoat layer.
The positive electrode slurry comprises a positive electrode active material, wherein the positive electrode active material can be one or more selected from lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate and lithium nickel cobalt manganate; preferably a lithium cobalt oxide or nickel cobalt lithium manganate material.
In some optional embodiments, the positive electrode slurry further includes a conductive agent, where the conductive agent may be selected from one or more of superconducting carbon, acetylene black (ACET), carbon Black (CB), ketjen black, carbon Dots (CDs), carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GPE), and Carbon Nanofibers (CNF), which is not limited in this application.
In some alternative embodiments, the positive electrode slurry further includes a binder, which may be selected from one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and fluoroacrylate resin, which is not limited in this application.
According to the embodiment of the application, the conductive agent in the safety base coat, the conductive agent in the positive electrode active material layer, the adhesive in the safety base coat and the adhesive in the positive electrode active material layer can be made of the same material, so that the positive electrode active material layer is more closely attached to the positive electrode current collector, the problem of ion and electron transmission paths between materials is solved, the electron and ion conductivity of a battery interface is improved, the impedance of the battery interface caused by a safety base coat system is reduced, gram capacity exertion is improved, the internal resistance increase rate in the circulation process can be reduced, the dynamic performance of a battery core is improved, the safety performance of the battery is ensured, and the energy density and the circulation performance of the battery are improved.
In some alternative embodiments, the Fe content in the positive electrode sheet is greater than 150ppm; preferably greater than 1500ppm.
In some alternative embodiments, the positive current collector may be selected from a metal foil or a composite current collector, such as aluminum foil, nickel foil, stainless steel strip foil, and the like.
In some embodiments, the preparation of the positive electrode sheet comprises the steps of:
(1) Mixing a safety base coating material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form a safety base coating slurry, coating the safety base coating slurry on a positive electrode current collector, and drying to form a safety base coating which is used as a carrier of a positive electrode active material layer;
(2) Mixing an anode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form anode slurry, and coating the anode slurry on the safety base coat to form an anode active material layer; and tabletting (including such procedures as drying, cold pressing, cutting and slitting) to obtain the positive pole piece.
In some alternative embodiments, the negative electrode tab includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on a surface of the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector may be selected from a metal foil or a composite current collector, such as copper foil.
In some alternative embodiments, the anode active material layer is formed by coating an anode slurry on the anode current collector surface. The negative electrode slurry comprises a negative electrode active material, wherein the negative electrode active material can be selected from one or more of graphite, hard carbon, silicon oxygen compound and silicon carbon compound; preferably a graphite material.
In some embodiments, the anode slurry further includes a conductive agent, which may be selected from one or more of conductive carbon black (SP), acetylene black (ACET), ketjen black, carbon Dots (CDs), carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GPE), carbon Nanofibers (CNF), and superconducting carbon, which is not limited in this application.
In some optional embodiments, the negative electrode slurry further includes a binder, which may be selected from one or more of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), aqueous acrylic resin, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyacrylic acid (PAA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), which is not limited in this application.
In some alternative embodiments, the lithium ion battery further comprises a separator. The separator described herein may be arbitrarily selected from known porous structure separators having good chemical stability and mechanical stability. The material of the isolating film may be at least one selected from glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride. The separator may be a single-layer film or a multilayer composite film, and is not particularly limited. When the separator is a multilayer composite film, the materials of the respective layers may be the same or different, and are not particularly limited.
In some alternative embodiments, the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab, and the separator may be fabricated into a battery cell by a winding process or a lamination process.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing a safety base coating material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form a safety base coating slurry, coating the safety base coating slurry on a positive electrode current collector, and drying to form a safety base coating, wherein the safety base coating is used as a carrier of a positive electrode active material layer;
(2) Mixing an anode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form anode slurry, and coating the anode slurry on the safety base coat to form an anode active material layer; the positive pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(3) Mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a negative electrode slurry, and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector to form a negative electrode active material layer; the negative pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(4) Sequentially superposing the positive electrode plate, the isolating film and the negative electrode plate, and winding to obtain a bare cell; and injecting the electrolyte into the bare cell to obtain the lithium ion battery.
Embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device or various energy storage systems using a battery as an energy storage element. The electric device comprises, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft and the like.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, the present application will be further described in detail in connection with the following examples which are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not limited in scope to the application. The starting materials or components used in the present application may be prepared by commercial or conventional methods unless specifically indicated.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of electrolyte
At the water content<Ethylene carbonate EC, propylene carbonate PC, diethyl carbonate DEC were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 in a glove box in an argon atmosphere of 10ppm, based on the total mass of the electrolyte, and W as shown in Table 1 was added 1 % Propyl Propionate (PP), additives (4% 1, 3-propane sultone PS, 8% fluoroethylene carbonate FEC, 2% 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile HTCN and W as shown in Table 1 2 % Fluorobenzene (FB)) and lithium salt 15% lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF 6 And (5) uniformly mixing to obtain the electrolyte.
(2) Preparation of positive electrode plate
Safety primer: mixing solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone NMP, safe priming material lithium iron phosphate, binder polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF and conductive carbon nano tube CNT according to the mass ratio of 54:30:15:1, and uniformly stirring to prepare safe priming slurry; and then uniformly coating the safety primer on an aluminum foil of the positive electrode current collector, and drying to obtain the positive electrode current collector with the safety primer, wherein the safety primer is used as a carrier of the positive electrode active material layer.
Positive electrode active material layer:
lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO) as a positive electrode active material 2 ) The conductive agent carbon nano tube CNT and the binder polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF are fully stirred and mixed in an N-methylpyrrolidone NMP solvent according to the mass ratio of 97:1.5:1.5, so that uniform anode slurry is formed; uniformly coating the positive electrode slurry on the safety base coat to form a positive electrode active material layer; the positive pole piece meeting the winding requirement is manufactured through the procedures of drying, cold pressing, slitting, welding, rubberizing and the like.
(3) Preparation of negative electrode plate
The preparation method comprises the steps of fully stirring and mixing negative electrode active material graphite, conductive carbon black SP of a conductive agent, carboxymethyl cellulose CMC of a thickening agent and styrene butadiene rubber SBR of a bonding agent in a mass ratio of 96.3:1:1.2:1.5 in a proper amount of deionized water solvent to form uniform negative electrode slurry; and uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector copper foil, and preparing the negative electrode plate meeting the winding requirement through the procedures of drying, cold pressing, slitting, welding, rubberizing and the like.
(4) Preparation of lithium ion batteries
PE porous polymer film is used as a separation film.
And sequentially stacking the positive electrode plate, the isolating film and the negative electrode plate, enabling the isolating film to be positioned between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, playing an isolating role, and winding the stacked electrode plate and the isolating film to obtain the bare cell. And (3) placing the bare cell in an aluminum plastic film formed by punching the shell to finish top side sealing. And injecting the electrolyte obtained by the preparation into the baked and dried battery cell, and performing the procedures of vacuum packaging, standing, formation and the like to complete the preparation of the lithium ion battery.
Examples 2 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were the same as example 1, with the differences shown in Table 1.
Lithium ion battery performance test:
(1) And (3) cyclic test:
at 25℃at 0.7C constant-current and constant-voltage charging to upper limit voltage, cutting off current 0.05C, standing for 10min, and testing initial internal resistance R 0 Discharge capacity C was recorded by discharging 0.5C to 3.0V 0 As initial capacity, repeating for 800 weeks, testing full-charge internal resistance every 100 weeks, and finally obtaining capacity C of 800 weeks 800 And internal resistance R 800 Capacity retention = C 800 /C 0 Internal resistance change rate= (R 800 /R 0 ) -1. The average value of the capacity retention rate after cycling and the average value of the internal resistance change rate of each group of 5 batteries are recorded in table 1.
(2) Capacity test:
discharging to 3.0V at a given current of 0.2C under ambient conditions of 25 ℃; standing for 5min; charging to an upper limit voltage with a constant current and a constant voltage of 0.5C, and cutting off the current by 0.05C; after 10min of rest, 0.2C was discharged to 3.0V, and the discharge capacity was recorded. The average discharge capacities of 5 cells per group are reported in table 1.
(3) Needling test:
at normal temperature, the battery is charged to full charge voltage according to constant current and constant voltage of 0.5 ℃, the cut-off current is 0.025 ℃, and the voltage and the internal resistance are tested; the battery is completely pierced by a stainless steel needle with the diameter of about 2.5mm at the speed of 6m/min, the needle is lifted and pulled out after the battery is kept for 10min, whether the lithium ion battery smokes, fires or explodes or not is observed, and the phenomenon that the lithium ion battery smokes, fires or explodes or the like does not occur is marked as passing the test. Each group had 5 batteries, and test results were: the number of pass test cells/total number of test cells (e.g., 3/5 pass) is recorded in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From the comparison of the data of comparative examples 1-4, it was found that: the positive pole piece adopts a safe priming paint mode, so that the safety performance of the battery can be improved, the thickness of the safe priming paint is increased, the needling test passing rate of the battery is high, and the safety performance is increased; however, the cycle capacity retention rate, internal resistance change rate and capacity of the battery are deteriorated, which is presumably related to the resistance of the safety undercoating layer, in particular, the interfacial resistance caused by side reaction during the cycle of the batteryThe resistance to increase increases the polarization capacity loss. In addition, when the thickness of the safety undercoating layer is 3 μm or less, it is difficult to achieve the effect of improving the safety performance of the battery because the thickness of the safety undercoating layer is too thin. When the relation among the thickness of the safety base coat in the positive electrode sheet, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer and the content of propyl propionate in the electrolyte is not more than 1 and less than or equal to (D) 1 +D 2 )/W 1 When the temperature is less than or equal to 8, the battery generates capacity water jump in the circulating process, namely the capacity of the battery is greatly reduced in a short time, and the circulating performance of the battery is rapidly deteriorated.
From the comparison of the data of example 1 and example 2, it was found that: the increase in thickness of the positive electrode active material layer in the positive electrode sheet can reduce the possibility of shorting between the negative electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector aluminum foil in the full state, further improving the safety performance and battery capacity of the battery, but deteriorating the cycle capacity retention rate and internal resistance change rate of the battery, presumably related to an increase in interface resistance, so that the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is less than or equal to (55. Ltoreq.D 2 Less than or equal to 65 micrometers) has better improving effect on battery cycle performance, battery capacity and safety performance.
From the comparison of the data of examples 3-5, it was found that: when the thickness of the safety bottom coating is too thin, the effect of improving the safety performance of the battery is difficult to achieve, and when the thickness of the safety bottom coating is too thick, the cycle performance and the battery capacity of the battery are also deteriorated, so that the thickness D of the safety bottom coating of the positive electrode plate 1 D is 4 mu m or less 1 When the thickness is less than or equal to 8 mu m, the effect of improving the safety performance of the battery is better.
From the comparison of the data of example 1, example 4, example 6, example 7, it was found that: the addition of propyl propionate in the electrolyte can improve the cycle retention rate of the battery, reduce the internal resistance change rate and improve the battery capacity, presumably because the low-viscosity propyl propionate is favorable for improving the wetting effect of the electrolyte and improving the transmission efficiency of lithium ions in the battery, but when the addition amount of the propyl propionate is too high, the safety performance of the battery is also deteriorated, so that the mass ratio W of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte 1 W is 10% or less 1 When the content is less than or equal to 30%, the improvement effect on the cycle performance, the battery capacity and the safety performance of the battery is better.
From the comparison of the data of example 7, example 8 and comparative example 2, it was found that: the addition of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte can improve the cycle capacity retention rate of the battery, reduce the internal resistance change rate and improve the battery capacity, presumably because fluorobenzene with lower melting point can improve the wetting effect of the electrolyte, but too high fluorobenzene addition can also deteriorate the safety performance of the battery, so that the mass ratio W of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte 2 W is 3% or less 2 When the content is less than or equal to 8%, the improvement effect on the cycle performance, the battery capacity and the safety performance of the battery is better.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only for explaining the present application, and do not constitute any limitation to the present application. The present application has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but it is understood that the words which have been used are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Modifications may be made to the present application as defined within the scope of the claims of the present application, and the present application may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. Although the present application is described herein with reference to particular methods, materials and embodiments, the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular examples disclosed, but, on the contrary, the present application is to be extended to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. A lithium ion battery comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and electrolyte, wherein the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are immersed in the electrolyte,
the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, a safety base coat coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the surface of the safety base coat, wherein the thickness of the safety base coat is D 1 μm, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer is D 2 μm；
The electrolyte comprises an organic solvent, an additive and lithium salt, wherein the organic solvent comprises propyl propionate, and the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is W 1 The additive comprises a basic additive and fluorobenzene, wherein the mass ratio of fluorobenzene in the electrolyte is W 2 ％；
Wherein D is 0.1.ltoreq.D 1 ≤16，1≤(D 1 +D 2 )/W 1 ≤8，0.1≤W 2 ≤15。
2. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the propyl propionate in the electrolyte is 10 percent to less than or equal to W 1 ≤50％。
3. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the safety primer coating is formed by coating the surface of the positive electrode current collector with safety primer coating slurry; the safety primer slurry comprises a safety primer material, wherein the safety primer material comprises one or more of lithium iron phosphate, aluminum oxide, boehmite, lithium vanadium phosphate, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide and calcium oxide.
4. A lithium ion battery according to claim 3, wherein: the safety primer further comprises a conductive agent and a binder; the mass ratio of the safety primer coating material in the safety primer coating slurry is 20% -50%.
5. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the basic additive comprises one or more of sulfonate compounds, fluorocarbonate compounds and nitrile compounds.
6. The lithium ion battery of claim 5, wherein: the base additive includes 1, 3-propane sultone, fluoroethylene carbonate and 1,3, 6-hexanetrinitrile.
7. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: the organic solvent also comprises one or more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethyl fluoroacetate, methyl fluorocarbonate, dimethyl fluorocarbonate and propylene fluorocarbonate.
8. The lithium ion battery of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the mass ratio of the organic solvent in the electrolyte is 50% -80%; the mass ratio of the additive in the electrolyte is 5-20%.
9. The lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein: so the Fe content in the positive electrode plate is more than 150ppm.
10. A method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing a safety base coating material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form a safety base coating slurry, coating the safety base coating slurry on a positive electrode current collector, and drying to form a safety base coating, wherein the safety base coating is used as a carrier of a positive electrode active material layer;
(2) Mixing an anode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to form anode slurry, and coating the anode slurry on the safety base coat to form an anode active material layer; the positive pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(3) Mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder and a solvent, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a negative electrode slurry, and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector to form a negative electrode active material layer; the negative pole piece is obtained through sheet making treatment;
(4) Sequentially superposing the positive electrode plate, the isolating film and the negative electrode plate, and winding to obtain a bare cell; and injecting the electrolyte into the bare cell to obtain the lithium ion battery.
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