CN117369113A - Display device and control method - Google Patents
Display device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117369113A CN117369113A CN202311377723.9A CN202311377723A CN117369113A CN 117369113 A CN117369113 A CN 117369113A CN 202311377723 A CN202311377723 A CN 202311377723A CN 117369113 A CN117369113 A CN 117369113A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/004—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
- G02B26/005—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid based on electrowetting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
- G09G3/348—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on the deformation of a fluid drop, e.g. electrowetting
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a display device and a control method, wherein the display device comprises a display liquid crystal box, an electrowetting dimming box and a backlight module which are mutually overlapped; the electrowetting dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first retaining wall, wherein a plurality of accommodating cavities are formed in the first retaining wall at intervals between the first substrate and the second substrate, each accommodating cavity corresponds to form a dimming unit, electric control infiltration liquid and insulating non-infiltration liquid are arranged in each accommodating cavity, a control electrode is arranged on each first retaining wall, a hydrophobic layer is arranged on one side close to the accommodating cavity, and the control electrode is used for controlling the infiltration of the electric control infiltration liquid; the display liquid crystal box is provided with a plurality of sub-pixel units, and each dimming unit is at least corresponding to one sub-pixel unit. The brightness of light transmitted through the electrowetting light modulation box is controlled by the electrowetting light modulation box in a zoning mode, so that the brightness of the low-gray-scale brightness sub-pixel unit is darker, the brightness of the high-gray-scale brightness sub-pixel unit is brighter, and the contrast ratio of the display device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display device and a control method.
Background
With the development of display technology, light and thin display panels are popular with consumers, especially light and thin display panels (liquid crystal display, LCD).
The conventional display panel includes a thin film transistor array Substrate (Thin Film Transistor Array Substrate, TFT Array Substrate), a color film Substrate (Color Filter Substrate, CF Substrate) and liquid crystal molecules filled between the thin film transistor array Substrate and the color film Substrate, and when the display panel works, a driving voltage is applied to the thin film transistor array Substrate and the color film Substrate respectively, so as to control the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules between the two substrates, and refract the backlight provided by the backlight module of the display panel, thereby displaying a picture.
The color of the display panel is usually realized by means of a Color Filter (CF), the conventional color filter comprises red light resistors, green light resistors and blue light resistors which are arranged in a certain order, the red light resistors, the green light resistors and the blue light resistors are separated by Black Matrix (BM), and when backlight provided by the backlight module passes through the red light resistors, the green light resistors and the blue light resistors, only light in corresponding red wave bands, green wave bands and blue wave bands can be transmitted, so that color display of the display panel is realized.
However, the conventional display panel still has a problem of low contrast ratio, resulting in poor display effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a display device and a control method for solving the problem of low contrast ratio of a display panel in the prior art.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display device which comprises a display liquid crystal box, an electrowetting dimming box and a backlight module, wherein the display liquid crystal box, the electrowetting dimming box and the backlight module are mutually overlapped, the display liquid crystal box is used for controlling picture display, the electrowetting dimming box is used for controlling the brightness of light passing through the electrowetting dimming box, and the backlight module is used for providing a backlight source;
the electrowetting dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first retaining wall positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein a plurality of accommodating cavities are formed in the first retaining wall at intervals between the first substrate and the second substrate, each accommodating cavity correspondingly forms a dimming unit, electric control infiltration liquid and insulating non-infiltration liquid are arranged in each accommodating cavity, a control electrode is arranged on each first retaining wall and a hydrophobic layer is arranged on one side close to each accommodating cavity, and the control electrode is used for controlling the wettability of the electric control infiltration liquid;
the display liquid crystal box is provided with a plurality of sub-pixel units, and each dimming unit at least corresponds to one sub-pixel unit;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is smaller than a preset value, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit is in an astigmatic state; when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is larger than the preset value, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit is in a condensation state.
Further, the electrically controlled wetting liquid is located at one side of the insulating non-wetting liquid facing the backlight module, and the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid is smaller than that of the insulating non-wetting liquid;
when the light modulation unit is in a light scattering state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid protrudes towards one side of the insulating non-infiltration liquid and forms a convex lens; when the light modulation unit is in a light condensation state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid is sunken towards one side far away from the insulating non-infiltration liquid, and a concave lens is formed.
Further, each dimming unit is a fresnel lens, each accommodating cavity is internally provided with an annular second retaining wall, the second retaining wall is different from the first retaining wall in hydrophobicity, the accommodating cavities are separated by the second retaining wall to form a plurality of cavities, and each cavity is internally provided with electric control infiltration liquid and insulating non-infiltration liquid.
Further, the electrically controlled wetting liquid is located at one side of the insulating non-wetting liquid facing the backlight module, and the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid is smaller than that of the insulating non-wetting liquid;
when the light modulation unit is in a light scattering state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid in the annular cavity is inclined towards the center of the light modulation unit; when the light modulation unit is in a light condensation state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid in the annular cavity inclines towards the center far away from the light modulation unit.
Further, the dimming units are in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel units.
Further, the electrowetting dimming cell is positioned between the display liquid crystal cell and the backlight module; or the display liquid crystal box is positioned between the electrowetting dimming box and the backlight module.
Further, the backlight module is provided with a plurality of mutually independent light-emitting units, and the light-emitting units are in one-to-one correspondence with the dimming units;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is smaller than the preset value, the luminous brightness of the luminous unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit is smaller than the preset brightness; when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is larger than the preset value, the luminous brightness of the luminous unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit is larger than the preset brightness.
Further, the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein a first polaroid is arranged on the color film substrate, a second polaroid is arranged on the array substrate, and a light transmission shaft of the first polaroid is mutually perpendicular to a light transmission shaft of the second polaroid.
The present application also provides a control method of a display device, the control method being used for the display device as described above, the control method comprising:
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is smaller than a preset value, controlling the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit to be in an astigmatic state;
and when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is larger than the preset value, controlling the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit to be in a condensation state.
Further, the backlight module is provided with a plurality of mutually independent light-emitting units, and the light-emitting units are in one-to-one correspondence with the dimming units;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel units is smaller than the preset value, controlling the luminous brightness of the luminous units corresponding to the sub-pixel units to be smaller than the preset brightness;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit is larger than the preset value, controlling the luminous brightness of the luminous unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit to be larger than the preset brightness.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through setting up the electric wetting light regulating box in display device, electric wetting light regulating box is used for regional ground control light to see through the luminance of electric wetting light regulating box for the luminance of low gray scale luminance sub-pixel unit is darker, and the luminance of high gray scale luminance sub-pixel unit is brighter, thereby improves display device's contrast, but also can promote the gray scale quantity of sub-pixel unit under the circumstances that does not increase gray scale voltage quantity, so that realize the smooth transition of gray scale, promote the picture quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a color filter substrate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a display device in a dark state according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a display device in a bright state according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display device in a plurality of gray scale states according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 7a-7h are schematic views of a manufacturing process of an electrowetting dimming cartridge in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a color film substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in an initial state in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in a fifth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a display device in a dark state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a display device in a bright state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a display device in a plurality of gray scale states according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the invention to achieve the preset aim, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the display device and the control method according to the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments, wherein:
example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a color film substrate according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a display liquid crystal cell 10, an electrowetting light-regulating cell 20, and a backlight module 30 stacked on each other. The display liquid crystal box 10 is used for controlling the display of a picture, the electrowetting light-regulating box 20 is used for controlling the brightness of light passing through the electrowetting light-regulating box 20, and the backlight module 30 is used for providing a backlight source. In this embodiment, the electrowetting light-regulating cell 20 is located between the display liquid crystal cell 10 and the backlight module 30, i.e. after the backlight module 30 emits backlight, the electrowetting light-regulating cell 20 passes through and then irradiates the display liquid crystal cell 10.
The electrowetting dimming cartridge 20 includes a first substrate 21, a second substrate 22, and a first barrier wall 23 between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, the first barrier wall 23 forming a plurality of accommodating cavities 201 with a gap interval between the first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, each accommodating cavity 201 correspondingly forming a dimming unit. An electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and an insulating non-wetting liquid 25 are provided in each receiving chamber 201, the wetting of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 being controllable by means of a voltage. Each first retaining wall 23 is provided with a control electrode 231, and a hydrophobic layer 233 is arranged on one side close to the accommodating cavity 201, where the control electrode 231 is used for controlling wettability of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24. In this embodiment, each first retaining wall 23 is provided with a control electrode 231, and two adjacent dimming units share one control electrode 231.
Infiltration refers to the phenomenon of fluid flow on the surface of a solid under the action of molecular force. The wetting angle refers to the angle between the tangent line made to the droplet surface by the gas-liquid-solid or liquid-solid relative intersection point and the liquid-solid surface. The degree of wetting of solids by liquids varies, for example, a drop of water wets and spreads out on clean glass; while a drop of water, if on a waxy surface, will remain in a water droplet state as non-wetting. In the capillary, the liquid level of the immersion liquid rises, the liquid level of the non-immersion liquid falls, and the contact angle is an obtuse angle, wherein the rise height h=2×surface tension coefficient (liquid density×gravitational acceleration g×radius r), which is a capillary effect. The wettability of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is controlled by the control electrode 231 and has a different capillary effect, thereby changing the morphology of the liquid surface between the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25.
In this embodiment, the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is located at a side of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 facing the backlight module 30, and the density of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is greater than that of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25, so that the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is located below the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 under the action of gravity. The electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 has a refractive index that is smaller than the refractive index of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25. Wherein, the electronically controlled wetting liquid 24 is composed of a copolymer PMMA of methyl methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate, has a refractive index n2=1.4 and a density p1=1.5 g/cm3. The insulating non-wetting liquid 25 is made of non-conductive silicone oil, and has a refractive index n1=1.9 and a density p1=1.2 g/cm3. Of course, in other embodiments, the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 may be larger than the refractive index of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25, except that the driving signals for the astigmatic and the condensed states are different.
As shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, because the surface tension of the electric control wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 contacting the hydrophobic layer 233 on the first retaining wall 23 is different, a capillary effect occurs in the dimming unit, the electric control wetting liquid 24 rises in the dimming unit, the liquid interface between the electric control wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 takes a curved state, and the liquid interface bulges toward one side of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 due to the surface tension and forms a convex lens. According to snell's law: as can be seen from the fact that, in the initial state, the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is smaller than that of the insulating non-wetting liquid 25, and the light emission angle increases, and the dimming unit is in the astigmatic state.
Further, a dielectric layer 232 is further disposed on the first retaining wall 23, and the dielectric layer 232 is disposed between the control electrode 231 and the hydrophobic layer 233 to increase insulation.
The display liquid crystal box 10 comprises a color film substrate 11, an array substrate 12 arranged opposite to the color film substrate 11, and a liquid crystal layer 13 arranged between the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12. In this embodiment, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy, are used in the liquid crystal layer 13, and as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the color film substrate 11 and the array substrate 12, and the positive liquid crystal molecules near the color film substrate 11 are antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the array substrate 12.
The color film substrate 11 is provided with a color resist layer 112 and a Black Matrix (BM) 111 that separates the color resist layer 112 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 13. The color resist layer 112 includes, for example, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color resist materials, and respectively corresponds to the sub-pixel units P for forming red, green, and blue colors. The black matrix 111 is positioned between pixel units of three colors of red, green, and blue, so that adjacent sub-pixel units P are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 111.
The array substrate 12 is defined by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 13 in an insulating and crossing manner to form a plurality of sub-pixel units P, the black matrix 111 corresponds to the scanning lines and the data lines up and down, a pixel electrode 122 and a thin film transistor are arranged in each sub-pixel unit P, and the pixel electrode 122 is electrically connected with the data line adjacent to the thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, wherein the gate electrode and the scan line are disposed on the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are separated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 122 are electrically connected by a contact hole.
Wherein each dimming unit corresponds to at least one sub-pixel unit P. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the dimming units are in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel units P, so that the dimming unit of the electrowetting light-regulating box 20 can accurately regulate the brightness of each sub-pixel unit P.
In this embodiment, a common electrode 122 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13, and the common electrode 122 and the pixel electrode 121 are located on different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 122 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 121 (the common electrode 122 is shown below the pixel electrode 121 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 122 is a surface state electrode disposed in an entire surface, and the pixel electrode 121 is a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars within each sub-pixel unit P to form a fringe field switching pattern (Fringe Field Switching, FFS). Of course, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 are located at the same layer, but are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 121 and the common electrode 122 may include a plurality of electrode bars, and the electrode bars of the pixel electrode 121 and the electrode bars of the common electrode 122 are alternately arranged with each other to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS); alternatively, in other embodiments, the pixel electrode 121 is disposed on the side of the array substrate 12 facing the liquid crystal layer 13, and the common electrode is disposed on the side of the color film substrate 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 13 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode refer to the prior art, and are not repeated herein.
The color film substrate 11 is provided with a first polaroid 41, the array substrate 12 is provided with a second polaroid 42, and the transmission axis of the first polaroid 41 is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polaroid 42.
The color film substrate 11, the array substrate 12, the first substrate 21, and the second substrate 22 may be made of transparent substrates such as glass, acrylic, and polycarbonate. The material of the control electrode 231, the common electrode 122, and the pixel electrode 121 may be a transparent electrode such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).
In this embodiment, the backlight module 30 is provided with a plurality of mutually independent light emitting units 301, that is, the brightness of each light emitting unit 301 can be controlled independently, and the light emitting units 301 and the dimming units are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the contrast ratio of the display device is higher and the gray scale transition is smoother under the mutual cooperation of the backlight module 30 and the electrowetting dimming box 20, so as to improve the picture quality.
Fig. 7a-7h are schematic views of a manufacturing flow structure of an electrowetting light regulating cartridge in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing the electrowetting light modulation cassette 20, as shown in fig. 7a to 7h, including:
as shown in fig. 7a and 7b, a first substrate 21 is provided, and a first retaining wall 23 is fabricated on the first substrate 21.
As shown in fig. 7c and 7d, a control electrode 231 and a dielectric layer 232 are sequentially formed on the first wall 23, and the dielectric layer 232 covers the control electrode 231. In this embodiment, a control electrode 231 is disposed on each first retaining wall 23.
As shown in fig. 7e, the first retaining wall 23 is formed with a hydrophobic layer 233 on one side close to the accommodating cavity 201, wherein only one side of the first retaining wall 23 located at the edge of the display device is provided with the hydrophobic layer 233, and two sides of the first retaining wall 23 close to the middle of the display device are provided with the hydrophobic layer 233.
As shown in fig. 7f and 7g, an electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and an insulating non-wetting liquid 25 are sequentially injected into the holding chamber 201.
As shown in fig. 7h, finally, a second substrate 22 is provided, and the accommodating chamber 201 is sealed by the second substrate 22.
The present embodiment also provides a control method of a display device, which is used for the display device described above. The control method comprises the following steps:
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a display device in a dark state according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is smaller than the preset value, that is, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is darker, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light scattering state, and the dimming unit in the light scattering state can break up the backlight emitted by the backlight module 30, thereby reducing the central brightness of the sub-pixel unit P.
Specifically, no voltage is applied to the control electrode 231 corresponding to the dimming unit in the astigmatic state, so that the dimming unit in the astigmatic state maintains an initial state, that is, the liquid interface between the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 is protruded toward the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 side and forms a convex lens, according to snell's law: as is known from nα=nβ=nβ, the angle of the light emitted from the dimming cell increases, and thus the light is scattered.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a display device in a bright state according to a first embodiment of the invention. When the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is greater than the preset value, that is, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is brighter, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light-focusing state, and the dimming unit in the light-focusing state can converge the backlight emitted by the backlight module 30, so that the central brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is increased.
Specifically, a voltage (e.g., 4V) is applied to the control electrode 231 corresponding to the dimming cell in the condensed state, and in the energized state, the voltage is applied according to the Young-liprinan equationContact withθ is the contact angle of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 with the dielectric layer 232, θ 0 Is the initial contact angle epsilon and epsilon between the conductive liquid and the dielectric layer before no voltage is applied 0 Dielectric constant and vacuum dielectric constant of dielectric layer 232, respectively, d is dielectric layer 232 thickness, gamma 12 Is the surface tension of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25. Therefore, the contact angle θ decreases with the voltage on the control electrode 231, and the curvature of the liquid interface changes, so that the liquid surface of the electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 is recessed toward the side away from the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 to form a concave lens, thereby exhibiting a light-collecting state.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a plurality of gray scale states according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, in the display device, when the display device is in a real image, there are both the sub-pixel unit P with darker gray-scale brightness and the sub-pixel unit P with lighter gray-scale brightness, so that the dimming unit corresponding to the darker sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light scattering state, and the dimming unit corresponding to the lighter sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light condensing state, so that the contrast ratio of the display device can be improved, and the contrast ratio estimation is improved from 1500 to 5000. And the number of gray scales of the sub-pixel units can be increased under the condition that the number of gray scale voltages is not increased, so that smooth transition of the gray scales is realized, and the picture quality is improved.
In this embodiment, the backlight module 30 is provided with a plurality of light emitting units 301 that are independent of each other, that is, the brightness of each light emitting unit 301 can be controlled independently, and the light emitting units 301 are in one-to-one correspondence with the dimming units. When the gray-scale luminance of the sub-pixel unit P is smaller than the preset value, the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting unit 301 corresponding to the darker sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be smaller than the preset luminance, i.e., the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting unit 301 corresponding to the darker sub-pixel unit P is reduced. When the gray-scale luminance of the sub-pixel unit P is greater than the preset value, the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting unit 301 corresponding to the brighter sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be greater than the preset luminance, i.e., the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting unit 301 corresponding to the brighter sub-pixel unit P is increased. Therefore, under the mutual matching of the backlight module 30 and the electrowetting dimming box 20, the contrast ratio of the display device is higher, and the gray level transition is smoother, so that the picture quality is improved.
Example two
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the display device and the control method according to the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6), except that in the present embodiment:
the first retaining wall 23 positioned at the edge of the display device is provided with a control electrode 231, and the first retaining wall 23 close to the middle of the display device is provided with two control electrodes 231, so that two adjacent dimming units are controlled by adopting different control electrodes 231 respectively, the mutual influence of the two adjacent dimming units is reduced, and the driving logic is simplified.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example III
Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of a color film substrate according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the display device and the control method according to the third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first (fig. 1 to 6) and second (fig. 8) embodiments, except that in the present embodiment:
the dimming units correspond to a plurality of sub-pixel units P, for example, each dimming unit corresponds to 3 pixels, wherein one pixel includes three sub-pixel units P of red, green and blue, that is, each dimming unit corresponds to 9 sub-pixel units P, so that the dimming unit of the electrowetting light modulation box 20 simultaneously adjusts brightness of the plurality of sub-pixel units P, to simplify the structure of the electrowetting light modulation box 20. Of course, in other embodiments, each dimming unit may also correspond to 4 pixels or 16 pixels.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described herein.
Example IV
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 11, the display device and the control method provided in the fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6), the second embodiment (fig. 8), and the third embodiment (fig. 9 and 10), except that in the present embodiment, the display liquid crystal cell 10 is located between the electrowetting light-adjusting cell 20 and the backlight module 30, i.e. after the backlight module 30 emits backlight, the backlight module passes through the display liquid crystal cell 10 and then emits light to the electrowetting light-adjusting cell 20.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, and will not be described herein again.
Example five
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a display device in an initial state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of an electrowetting light-regulating cartridge in a fifth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the display device and the control method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 6), the second embodiment (fig. 8), the third embodiment (fig. 9 and 10), and the fourth embodiment (fig. 11), except that in the present embodiment:
each dimming unit is a fresnel lens. As shown in fig. 13, an annular second retaining wall 26 is disposed in each accommodating cavity 201, the second retaining wall 26 separates the accommodating cavities 201 to form a plurality of chambers, and each chamber is provided with an electrically controlled wetting liquid 24 and an insulating non-wetting liquid 25. The second retaining wall 26 may be provided with hydrophobic films differently, so that the second retaining wall 26 has no hydrophobicity, or a hydrophobic film with hydrophobicity different from that of the hydrophobic layer 233 on the first retaining wall 23 may be provided on the second retaining wall 26, and the first retaining wall 23 and the second retaining wall 26 have different hydrophobicity, so that the liquid interfaces of the electric control wetting liquid 24 and the insulating non-wetting liquid 25 show different inclined states, so that the dimming unit presents a fresnel lens. Of course, in order to increase the electric field strength, an electrode may be disposed on the second barrier 26.
As shown in fig. 12, in the initial state, since the first retaining wall 23 and the second retaining wall 26 have different hydrophobicity, the surface tension of the electric control immersion liquid 24 contacting the first retaining wall 23 and the second retaining wall 26 is different, a capillary effect occurs in the dimming unit, the rising heights of the electric control immersion liquid 24 in the first retaining wall 23 and the second retaining wall 26 are different, and the liquid interfaces of the electric control immersion liquid 24 and the insulating non-immersion liquid 25 are in different inclined states, and the second retaining wall 26 has a ring structure, so that the dimming unit realizes a fresnel lens.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a display device in a dark state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is smaller than the preset value, that is, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is darker, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light scattering state, and the dimming unit in the light scattering state can break up the backlight emitted by the backlight module 30, thereby reducing the central brightness of the sub-pixel unit P. When the dimming unit is in an astigmatic state, the liquid level of the electrically controlled immersion liquid 24 in the annular chamber is inclined towards the center of the dimming unit, according to the snell's law: as is known from nα=nβ=nβ, the angle of the light emitted from the dimming cell increases, and thus the fresnel lens is in an astigmatic state.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a display device in a bright state according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. When the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is greater than the preset value, that is, when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is brighter, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit P is controlled to be in a light-focusing state, and the dimming unit in the light-focusing state can converge the backlight emitted by the backlight module 30, so that the central brightness of the sub-pixel unit P is increased. When the light modulation unit is in a light condensation state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid 24 in the annular cavity is inclined towards the center far away from the light modulation unit, so that the Fresnel lens in the light condensation state is shown.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a display device in a plurality of gray scale states according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 16, in the display device, when the display device is in a real image, there are both the sub-pixel units P with darker gray-scale brightness and the sub-pixel units P with brighter gray-scale brightness, so that the dimming units corresponding to the darker sub-pixel units P are controlled to be in a light scattering state, and the dimming units corresponding to the brighter sub-pixel units P are controlled to be in a light condensing state, so that the contrast ratio of the display device can be improved, and the gray-scale number of the sub-pixel units can be increased under the condition that the gray-scale voltage number is not increased, so that the smooth transition of the gray-scale is realized, and the image quality is improved.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first, second, third and fourth embodiments, and will not be described herein.
In this document, terms such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, etc. are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures with respect to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., as used herein, are used merely for distinguishing between names and not for limiting the number and order.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The display device is characterized by comprising a display liquid crystal box (10), an electrowetting dimming box (20) and a backlight module (30) which are mutually stacked, wherein the display liquid crystal box (10) is used for controlling picture display, the electrowetting dimming box (20) is used for controlling brightness of light passing through the electrowetting dimming box (20), and the backlight module (30) is used for providing a backlight source;
the electrowetting dimming box (20) comprises a first substrate (21), a second substrate (22) and a first retaining wall (23) arranged between the first substrate (21) and the second substrate (22), the first retaining wall (23) is used for forming a plurality of accommodating cavities (201) at intervals between the first substrate (21) and the second substrate (22), each accommodating cavity (201) is correspondingly provided with a dimming unit, each accommodating cavity (201) is internally provided with an electric control infiltration liquid (24) and an insulating non-infiltration liquid (25), each first retaining wall (23) is provided with a control electrode (231) and a hydrophobic layer (233) is arranged on one side close to the accommodating cavity (201), and the control electrode (231) is used for controlling the infiltration of the electric control infiltration liquid (24);
the display liquid crystal box (10) is provided with a plurality of sub-pixel units (P), and each dimming unit is corresponding to at least one sub-pixel unit (P);
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is smaller than a preset value, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) is in an astigmatic state; when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is larger than the preset value, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) is in a condensing state.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the electrically controlled wetting liquid (24) is located at a side of the insulating non-wetting liquid (25) facing the backlight module (30), and the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid (24) is smaller than the refractive index of the insulating non-wetting liquid (25);
when the light adjusting unit is in a light scattering state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid (24) protrudes towards one side of the insulating non-infiltration liquid (25) and forms a convex lens; when the light modulation unit is in a light condensation state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid (24) is sunken towards one side far away from the insulating non-infiltration liquid (25) and forms a concave lens.
3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each dimming unit is a fresnel lens, an annular second retaining wall (26) is disposed in each accommodating cavity (201), the second retaining wall (26) is different from the first retaining wall (23) in hydrophobicity, the accommodating cavities (201) are separated by the second retaining wall (26) to form a plurality of chambers, and each chamber is provided with the electrically controlled immersion liquid (24) and the insulating non-immersion liquid (25).
4. A display device according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrically controlled wetting liquid (24) is located at a side of the insulating non-wetting liquid (25) facing the backlight module (30), the refractive index of the electrically controlled wetting liquid (24) being smaller than the refractive index of the insulating non-wetting liquid (25);
when the light modulation unit is in a light scattering state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid (24) in the annular cavity is inclined towards the center of the light modulation unit; when the light modulation unit is in a light condensation state, the liquid level of the electric control infiltration liquid (24) in the annular cavity inclines towards the center far away from the light modulation unit.
5. A display device according to claim 1, wherein the dimming units are in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel units (P).
6. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the electrowetting dimming cell (20) is located between the display liquid crystal cell (10) and the backlight module (30); or, the display liquid crystal box (10) is positioned between the electrowetting dimming box (20) and the backlight module (30).
7. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of mutually independent light emitting units (301) are arranged on the backlight module (30), and the light emitting units (301) are in one-to-one correspondence with the dimming units;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is smaller than the preset value, the light-emitting brightness of the light-emitting unit (301) corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) is smaller than the preset brightness; when the gray-scale luminance of the sub-pixel unit (P) is greater than the preset value, the light-emitting luminance of the light-emitting unit (301) corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) is greater than the preset luminance.
8. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the display liquid crystal cell (10) comprises a color film substrate (11), an array substrate (12) opposite to the color film substrate (11), and a liquid crystal layer (13) between the color film substrate (11) and the array substrate (12), a first polarizer (41) is disposed on the color film substrate (11), a second polarizer (42) is disposed on the array substrate (12), and a light transmission axis of the first polarizer (41) is perpendicular to a light transmission axis of the second polarizer (42).
9. A control method of a display device, characterized in that the control method is used for the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the control method comprising:
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is smaller than a preset value, controlling the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) to be in an astigmatic state;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is larger than the preset value, the dimming unit corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) is controlled to be in a light-focusing state.
10. The control method according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of mutually independent light emitting units (301) are arranged on the backlight module (30), and the light emitting units (301) are in one-to-one correspondence with the dimming units;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is smaller than the preset value, controlling the light-emitting brightness of the light-emitting unit (301) corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) to be smaller than the preset brightness;
when the gray-scale brightness of the sub-pixel unit (P) is larger than the preset value, controlling the light-emitting brightness of the light-emitting unit (301) corresponding to the sub-pixel unit (P) to be larger than the preset brightness.
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| CN118131528A (en) * | 2024-05-10 | 2024-06-04 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display panel, display device and dimming method thereof |
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