CN117368785A

CN117368785A - Electricity meter and electronic device for multiple battery

Info

Publication number: CN117368785A
Application number: CN202211599107.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹雷; 邱钰鹏; 朱辰
Original assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-06
Filing date: 2022-07-06
Publication date: 2024-01-09
Also published as: CN114859258B; CN114859258A

Abstract

The application discloses an electricity meter and an electronic device applied to multiple batteries. The electricity meter is used for measuring the voltage, the current or the temperature of a plurality of batteries, and the like, and can also be used for measuring the electricity quantity of the plurality of batteries. The fuel gauge can be used for connecting two batteries in series and connecting the two batteries in parallel; no matter the circuit is switched to charge two batteries in series or to discharge two batteries in parallel, the connection relation between the fuel gauge and the batteries is not required to be changed. The electricity meter includes: the first chip, the second chip, the differential amplifying circuit; the first chip and the second chip can multiplex the existing fuel gauge, and the implementation is simple.

Description

Electricity meter and electronic device for multiple battery

This application is a divisional application, the filing number of the original application is 202210790127.2, the filing date of the original application is 2022, month 07, and 06, and the entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of power technology, and in particular, to an electricity meter and an electronic device for use with multiple batteries.

Background

The capacities of a plurality of batteries in electronic devices having small volumes such as cellular phones are generally different due to limitations of the frames of the electronic devices. In addition, the space for the battery in the electronic device having a small volume is limited, and the volume of the battery is limited, resulting in a limitation of the battery capacity. Thus, battery capacity resources are at a premium. In the prior art, when batteries with different capacities are charged at the same time, the battery capacity loss is caused, and precious battery capacity resources are wasted. How to charge a plurality of batteries with different capacities and reduce the battery capacity loss is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an electricity meter applied to multiple batteries and an electronic device comprising the electricity meter, which can be used for measuring the voltage, current, temperature or electric quantity of two batteries.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect, there is provided an electricity meter for use with a battery pack including a first battery and a second battery, a negative electrode of the first battery being connected to a positive electrode of the second battery, a negative electrode of the second battery being grounded, the electricity meter comprising: a first chip, a second chip; the first chip comprises a first pin and a second pin, and the second chip comprises a first pin and a second pin; the first pin of the first chip and the first pin of the second chip are grounded; the second pin of the first chip is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery; the second pin of the second chip is connected with the anode of the second battery; the first chip is used for acquiring a voltage value of the first battery through a second pin of the first chip; the second chip is used for acquiring a voltage value of the second battery through a second pin of the second chip.

In this embodiment, the electricity meter includes two chips that collect the voltages of the two batteries, respectively. When two batteries are connected in series, the voltages of the two batteries can be obtained simultaneously and accurately.

In one possible implementation form according to the first aspect, the fuel gauge further comprises: and a differential amplifying circuit. The positive input end of the differential amplifying circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery, the negative input end of the differential amplifying circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery, and the second pin of the first chip is connected with the output end of the differential amplifying circuit; the voltage value of the output end of the differential amplifying circuit is the difference between the voltage value of the positive electrode of the first battery and the voltage value of the negative electrode of the first battery.

In this embodiment, the electricity meter calculates a voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the first battery through the differential amplifying circuit, and thus the first chip obtains a voltage value of the first battery (the voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the first battery) through the second pin. The second chip obtains the voltage value of the second battery (the voltage difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second battery) through the second pin. When two batteries are connected in series, the electricity meter can also obtain the voltages of the two batteries simultaneously and accurately.

If the two batteries are switched from series connection to parallel connection, the connection relation between the fuel gauge and the batteries is not required to be changed, and the fuel gauge can also obtain the voltages of the two batteries simultaneously and accurately. Whether the circuit is switched to charge two batteries in series or to discharge two batteries in parallel, the real-time voltage of the two batteries can be accurately obtained; the connection relation between the electricity meter and the battery is not required to be changed, and other auxiliary means are not required. The first chip and the second chip can reuse the existing fuel gauge, and the method is simple to realize and low in cost.

According to a first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the differential amplifying circuit includes an operational amplifier, a first sub-resistor, a second sub-resistor, a third sub-resistor and a fourth sub-resistor, and a positive input terminal of the differential amplifying circuit is connected with one terminal of the first sub-resistor and a power supply terminal of the operational amplifier; the other end of the first sub resistor is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier and one end of the second sub resistor; the other end of the second sub resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier; the negative input end of the differential amplifier is connected with one end of the third sub-resistor; the other end of the third sub resistor is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier and one end of the fourth sub resistor; the other end of the fourth sub-resistor is connected with the grounding end of the operational amplifier; the first sub-resistor, the second sub-resistor, the third sub-resistor and the fourth sub-resistor have the same resistance value.

Therefore, the voltage value of the output end of the differential amplification circuit is the difference between the voltage values of the positive input end and the negative input end, namely the difference between the voltage value of the positive electrode of the first battery and the voltage value of the negative electrode of the first battery.

According to a first aspect, in one possible implementation, the positive electrode of the first battery is used for being connected with the first controlled end of the first switch, the negative electrode of the first battery is used for being connected with the first controlled end of the second switch, the positive electrode of the second battery is used for being connected with the second controlled end of the first switch and the second controlled end of the second switch, and the negative electrode of the second battery is used for being connected with the third controlled end of the second switch; when the first switch is turned off, the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch are turned on, and the first controlled end and the third controlled end of the second switch are turned off, the cathode of the first battery is connected with the anode of the second battery; in this way, switching of two batteries in series or two batteries in parallel can be achieved by switching the first switch and the second switch. The fuel gauge further comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the first controlled end of the second switch, the second resistor is connected in series with the negative electrode of the second battery, the first chip comprises a third pin and a fourth pin, the second chip comprises the third pin and the fourth pin, the third pin of the first chip is connected with one end of the first resistor, the fourth pin of the first chip is connected with the other end of the first resistor, the third pin of the second chip is connected with one end of the second resistor, and the fourth pin of the second chip is connected with the other end of the second resistor. The first chip is used for acquiring a current value of the first battery through a third pin and a fourth pin of the first chip; the second chip is used for acquiring a current value of the second battery through a third pin and a fourth pin of the second chip.

With this embodiment, it is possible to realize sampling of the current value of the first battery and the current value of the second battery, respectively.

In one possible implementation form according to the first aspect, in one possible implementation form,

the first chip is specifically used for: collecting a voltage value of one end of a first resistor through a third pin of a first chip; collecting the voltage value of the other end of the first resistor through a fourth pin of the first chip; and calculating the current value of the first battery according to the difference between the voltage values at the two ends of the first resistor and the resistance value of the first resistor.

The second chip is specifically used for: collecting a voltage value of one end of a second resistor through a third pin of a second chip; and calculating the current of the second battery according to the difference between the voltage values at the two ends of the second resistor and the resistance value of the second resistor.

According to a first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the electricity meter further includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, where the third resistor and the fifth resistor are thermistors, the first chip includes a fifth pin and a sixth pin, the second chip includes a fifth pin and a sixth pin, one end of the third resistor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the first chip, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the first chip, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the sixth pin of the first chip, one end of the fifth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the second chip, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the second chip, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the sixth pin of the second chip. The first chip is used for acquiring the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor and the voltage difference between the two ends of the fourth resistor through the fifth pin and the sixth pin of the first chip, calculating the resistance of the third resistor according to the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor, the voltage difference between the two ends of the fourth resistor and the resistance of the fourth resistor, and acquiring the corresponding temperature value of the first battery according to the resistance of the third resistor; the second chip is used for obtaining the voltage difference between the two ends of the fifth resistor and the voltage difference between the two ends of the sixth resistor through the fifth pin and the sixth pin of the second chip, and further used for calculating the resistance of the fifth resistor according to the voltage difference between the two ends of the fifth resistor, the voltage difference between the two ends of the sixth resistor and the resistance of the sixth resistor, and obtaining the corresponding temperature value of the second battery according to the resistance of the fifth resistor.

This achieves a measurement of the temperature of the first and second batteries.

In one possible implementation, the first chip and the second chip are the same fuel gauge according to the first aspect.

According to a first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the first chip is further configured to obtain an electric quantity of the first battery according to a voltage value of the first battery, a current value of the first battery, and a temperature value of the first battery; the second chip is also used for acquiring the electric quantity of the second battery according to the voltage value of the second battery, the current value of the second battery and the temperature value of the second battery.

In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, including the fuel gauge of the first aspect and any of its embodiments, and the battery pack.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the fuel gauge according to the first aspect and any one of the embodiments thereof, the battery pack, and the first switch and the second switch. The positive input end of the differential amplifying circuit in the fuel gauge is connected with the first controlled end of the first switch and the positive electrode of the first battery; the negative input end of the differential amplifying circuit in the fuel gauge is connected with the third pin of the first chip in the fuel gauge and the negative electrode of the first battery; a fourth pin of the first chip in the fuel gauge is connected with a first controlled end of the second switch; the second pin of the second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with the second controlled end of the first switch, the second controlled end of the second switch and the anode of the second battery; a third pin of the second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with the cathode of the second battery; a fourth pin of the second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with a third controlled end of the second switch; when the first switch is turned off, the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch are turned on, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in series when the first controlled end and the third controlled end of the second switch are turned off; when the first switch is turned on, the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch are turned off, and the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel when the first controlled end and the third controlled end of the second switch are turned on.

In this embodiment, switching of two batteries in series or parallel is achieved by switching the first switch and the second switch. The fuel gauge can be used for both series connection of two batteries and parallel connection of two batteries. Whether the circuit is switched to charge two batteries in series or to discharge two batteries in parallel, the real-time electric quantity of the two batteries can be accurately obtained; the connection relation between the electricity meter and the battery is not required to be changed, and other auxiliary means are not required. The first chip and the second chip can reuse the existing fuel gauge, and the method is simple to realize and low in cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another charging system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another charging circuit;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a switch structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a switch structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic flow chart of a charge-discharge method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of an electricity meter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic illustration of an electricity meter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of an electricity meter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of an electricity meter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of an electricity meter according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terminology used in the embodiments below is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. As used in the specification of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include, for example, "one or more" such forms of expression, unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary. It should also be understood that in the various embodiments herein below, "at least one", "one or more" means one or more than two (including two). The term "and/or" is used to describe an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships; for example, a and/or B may represent: a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein A, B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise. The term "coupled" includes both direct and indirect connections, unless stated otherwise. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.

The terms "coupled" and "connected" in connection with embodiments of the present application are to be construed broadly, and may refer, for example, to a physical direct connection, or to an indirect connection via electronic devices, such as, for example, a connection via electrical resistance, inductance, capacitance, or other electronic devices.

The battery capacity represents the amount of electricity that the battery can discharge under certain conditions (e.g., discharge rate, temperature, end voltage, etc.). For example, the length of time a battery can discharge at a prescribed current, i.e., the capacity of the battery; usually in ampere-hours (expressed in a.h). For example, a battery having a capacity of 5 A.h can operate for a period of about 5 hours when discharged with a 1A current.

Currently, the capacities of a plurality of batteries in electronic devices with small volumes such as mobile phones are generally different. As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, an electronic device 10 includes a battery 11 and a battery 12; wherein the battery capacities of the battery 11 and the battery 12 are different. In one example, the capacity of battery 11 is less than the capacity of battery 12. For example, the capacity of the battery 11 is 2000 milliamp hours (ma·h), and the capacity of the battery 12 is 3000ma·h. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device 10 includes the battery 11 and the battery 12 as an example. It will be appreciated that a greater number of batteries may also be included in the electronic device 10. When a greater number of batteries are included, the principle of implementation is similar to that of the batteries 11 and 12, and examples are not given here.

The electronic device 10 may be charged by the charger 20 shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2. The charger 20 may be a wired charger as shown in fig. 1, or a wireless charger as shown in fig. 2, or other forms of chargers. When charging, the charger 20 shown in fig. 1 is connected to the electronic device 10 by wire, and the charger 20 shown in fig. 2 is coupled to a wireless charging coil (see wireless charging coil 142 in fig. 3) in the electronic device 10 by wireless means (e.g., electromagnetic induction).

The method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to electronic equipment comprising a plurality of batteries. The electronic device may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a personal computer (personal computer, PC), an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), a handheld computer, a netbook, an intelligent home device (such as an intelligent television, a smart screen, a large screen, an intelligent sound box, an intelligent air conditioner, etc.), a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a wearable device (such as an intelligent watch, an intelligent bracelet, etc.), a vehicle-mounted device, a virtual reality device, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

In this embodiment of the present application, the electronic device is an electronic device that may run an operating system and install an application program. Alternatively, the operating system on which the electronic device runs may beSystem (S)>System (S)>A system, etc.

Taking an electronic device as an example of a mobile phone, fig. 3 shows one possible structure of the electronic device. The electronic device 10 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface 130, a power management module 140, a battery 141, a wireless charging coil 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, keys 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display 194, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195, and the like.

The sensor module 180 may include, among others, a pressure sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, a proximity sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, an ambient light sensor, a bone conduction sensor, etc.

It should be understood that the illustrated structure of the present embodiment does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 10. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 may include more or fewer components than shown, or certain components may be combined, or certain components may be split, or different arrangements of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as: the processor 110 may include a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, and a neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein the different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated in one or more processors. For example, the processor 110 may be an application processor AP. Alternatively, the processor 110 may be integrated in a system on chip (SoC). Alternatively, the processor 110 may be integrated in an integrated circuit (integrated circuit, IC) chip. The processor 110 may include an Analog Front End (AFE) and a micro-controller unit (MCU) in an IC chip.

Wherein the controller may be a neural hub and a command center of the electronic device 10. The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation codes and the time sequence signals to finish the control of instruction fetching and instruction execution.

A memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data. In some implementations, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. The memory may hold instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or recycled. If the processor 110 needs to reuse the instruction or data, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided and the latency of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

In some implementations, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (mobile industry processor interface, MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) interface, and/or a USB interface, among others.

It should be understood that the interfacing relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is only illustrative and not limiting on the structure of the electronic device 10. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 10 may also employ different interfacing manners in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interfacing manners.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 10 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, a modem processor, a baseband processor, and the like.

The antennas 1 and 2 are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 10 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication bands. Different antennas may also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example: the antenna 1 may be multiplexed into a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 may provide a solution for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc. applied to the electronic device 10. The wireless communication module 160 may provide solutions for wireless communication including wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (e.g., wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite systems (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field wireless communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (IR), and the like, as applied to the electronic device 10. In some embodiments, antenna 1 and mobile communication module 150 of electronic device 10 are coupled, and antenna 2 and wireless communication module 160 are coupled, such that electronic device 10 may communicate with a network and other devices via wireless communication techniques.

The electronic device 10 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

The display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like. The display 194 includes a display panel. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N display screens 194, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The electronic device 10 may implement a photographing function through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like. The ISP is used to process data fed back by the camera 193. In some implementations, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193. The camera 193 is used to capture still images or video. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 may include 1 or N cameras 193, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The external memory interface 120 may be used to connect external memory cards, such as Micro SanDisk (Micro SD) cards, to enable expansion of the memory capabilities of the electronic device 10. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through an external memory interface 120 to implement data storage functions. For example, files such as music, video, etc. are stored in an external memory card.

The internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code including instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications of the electronic device 10 and data processing by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 121. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a nonvolatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash memory (universal flash storage, UFS), and the like.

The electronic device 10 may implement audio functionality through an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playing, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal output and also to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. In some implementations, the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110. The speaker 170A, also referred to as a "horn," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. A receiver 170B, also referred to as a "earpiece", is used to convert the audio electrical signal into a sound signal. Microphone 170C, also referred to as a "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. The electronic device 10 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. The earphone interface 170D is used to connect a wired earphone. The earphone interface 170D may be a USB interface 130 or a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (open mobile terminal platform, OMTP) standard interface, a american cellular telecommunications industry association (cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA, CTIA) standard interface.

The keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, etc. The keys 190 may be mechanical keys. Or may be a touch key. The electronic device 10 may receive key inputs, generating key signal inputs related to user settings and function controls of the electronic device 10. The motor 191 may generate a vibration cue. The motor 191 may be used for incoming call vibration alerting as well as for touch vibration feedback. The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate a state of charge, a change in charge, a message, a missed call, a notification, etc. The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card may be inserted into the SIM card interface 195, or removed from the SIM card interface 195 to effect contact and separation with the electronic device 10. The electronic device 10 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 may support a Nano SIM (Nano SIM) card, micro SIM (Micro SIM) card, SIM card, etc. In some implementations, the electronic device 10 employs an embedded SIM (eSIM) card, which may be embedded in the electronic device 10 and not separable from the electronic device 10.

The power management module 140 is configured to receive a charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger (e.g., a wireless charging base of the electronic device 10 or other devices capable of wirelessly charging the electronic device 10), or may be a wired charger. For example, the power management module 140 may receive a charging input of a wired charger through the USB interface 130. The power management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil 142 of the electronic device 10.

The power management module 140 may also supply power to the electronic device 10 while charging the battery 141. The power management module 140 receives input from the battery 141 and provides power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the external memory interface 120, the display 194, the camera 193, the wireless communication module 160, and the like. The power management module 140 may also be configured to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health (leakage, impedance) of the battery 141. In other embodiments, the power management module 140 may also be disposed in the processor 110.

The battery 141 may include a plurality of batteries of different capacities. Currently, when an electronic device includes a plurality of batteries, the plurality of batteries are generally charged in series or charged in parallel. The charge quantity q=i×t of the charged battery during the charging process; wherein I is charging current, and t is charging time. The batteries are charged in series or in parallel at the same time, i.e. the charging time of each battery is equal. The charge current of the battery is proportional to the amount of charge into the battery.

In one example, as shown in fig. 4, two batteries are connected in parallel, and a charging circuit or circuits are connected in parallel to jointly charge both batteries simultaneously. Since the two batteries are connected in parallel, the voltages of the two batteries are equal, and the input current of the batteries is influenced by the resistance on the link (including the resistance of the batteries themselves, the line resistance and the like); the respective input currents of the two batteries cannot be precisely controlled.

Because the input current of the battery cannot be precisely controlled, the maximum input current of the battery is generally designed to be high so as not to damage the battery. The maximum input current of a battery is inversely proportional to the battery capacity density, which results in a low battery capacity density. In the case of the same target capacity, the capacity density is low, and the volume of the battery is large. Due to the limited space within the electronic device, the volume of the battery is limited, which can result in a loss of battery capacity.

In one example, as shown in fig. 5, two batteries are connected in series and a charging circuit charges both batteries simultaneously. In this implementation, the input currents of the two batteries are the same, and the charge amounts of the two batteries are the same at the same time. When the smaller capacity battery is full, the larger capacity battery is not full. When the smaller capacity battery is full, the charging is stopped to avoid damaging the battery. In this way, the battery with a large capacity cannot be fully charged, and the capacity is wasted.

The embodiment of the application provides a charging circuit and a charging method, which are applied to charging batteries with different capacities. The charging circuit may be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10.

As illustrated in fig. 6, the electronic device 10 includes a first circuit 13, a voltage conversion circuit (second circuit) 14, and a controller 15, and a battery pack; the first circuit 13 and the voltage conversion circuit 14 serve as charging circuits for charging the battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery 11 and a battery 12, the capacities of the battery 11 and the battery 12 being different; illustratively, the capacity of battery 11 is a first value and the capacity of battery 12 is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value. One end of the first circuit 13 is coupled with a power supply end of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 11; the negative electrode of the battery 11 is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 12; the voltage conversion circuit 14 has one end coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 11 and the other end coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 11. The communication end of the first circuit 13 and the communication end of the voltage conversion circuit 14 are respectively in communication connection with the controller 15; for example, the first circuit 13 and the voltage conversion circuit 14 are connected to the controller 15 through an integrated circuit bus.

The first circuit 13 is used for converting the power supply voltage of the charger 20, and the output voltage of the first circuit 13 is V _out1 . The voltage conversion circuit 14 is used for the pair V _out1 And performing voltage conversion. The controller 15 is used for controlling the output voltage V of the first circuit 13 _out1 To control the charging current I of the battery 11 _bat1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The controller 15 is also used for controlling the voltage conversion circuit 14 to be at V _out1 Output current I _out So that I _bat1 /I _bat2 =first value/second value, where I _bat2 ＝I _bat1 +I _out I.e. I _bat1 /(I _bat1 +I _out ) =first value/second value. That is, the ratio of the charging current of the input battery 11 to the charging current of the input battery 12, and the ratio of the first value to the second value are equal. In practical implementation, the ratio of the charging current of the input battery 11 to the charging current of the input battery 12 and the ratio of the first value to the second value are not necessarily equal to each other due to limitations such as detection accuracy and control accuracy. The charging current of the input battery 11 and the charging current of the input battery 12 may be adjusted so that the ratio thereof approaches to be equal to the ratio of the first value to the second value, i.e., approximate to the ratio of the first value to the second value.

Due to I _bat1 /I _bat2 The ratio of the amounts of electricity charged to the battery 11 and the battery 12 is the first value/the second value=the capacity of the battery 11/the capacity of the battery 12 within the same charging period; thus, the battery 11 and the battery 12 can be simultaneously charged, avoiding the loss of battery capacity.

In one example, as shown in fig. 7, the first circuit 13 is a direct charge circuit or a Boost circuit (Boost); for example, the direct charging circuit is a switch circuit; boost circuits may also be referred to as Boost chips. Alternatively, the first circuit 13 may include a direct charge circuit and Boost. The controller 15 may control the first circuit 13 to charge with a direct charging circuit or Boost according to the supply voltage of the charger 20. For example, when the power supply voltage of the charger 20 is equal to the sum of the rated voltages of the battery 11 and the battery 12, the controller 15 controls the first circuit 13 to charge with a direct charging path. For example, when the power supply voltage of the charger 20 is smaller than the sum of the rated voltages of the battery 11 and the battery 12, the controller 15 controls the first circuit 13 to charge with Boost. The voltage conversion circuit 14 is a step-down circuit (Buck), which may also be referred to as a Buck chip. The controller 15 is a SoC. Optionally, the electronic device 10 further comprises a sampling circuit 16. In one example, sampling circuit 16 has one end coupled to the negative pole of battery 11 and the other end coupled to Buck 14. Communication terminal of sampling circuit 16 and controller 1And 5, communication connection. The sampling circuit 16 is used for collecting the charging current I of the battery 11 in real time _bat1 And report to the SoC. It should be noted that the resistance of the sampling circuit 16 is small, and the voltage difference across the sampling circuit 16 is negligible.

The SoC is used to determine I based on the capacity of the battery 11 and the capacity of the battery 12 _bat1 And I _bat2 And sends control signals to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14, respectively. For example, the SoC sends control signals to the first circuit 13 and the Buck 14 via an integrated circuit bus (inter-integrated circuit, IIC) communication protocol, respectively. The SoC sends a first control signal to the first circuit 13 for informing the charging current target value (i.e.) _bat1 A target value); the SoC sends a second control signal to the Buck 14 to inform the Buck 14 of the output current target value (i.e.) _out Target value), wherein I _out ＝I _bat2 -I _bat1 。

The first circuit 13 is used for converting the power supply voltage of the charger 20, and the output voltage of the first circuit 13 is V _out1 . In one implementation, the first circuit 13 collects I in real time according to the sampling circuit 16 _bat1 Current value of (2) is adjusted by V _out1 Values of (1) such that I _bat1 Is equal to the target value.

Buck 14 for V _out1 Voltage conversion is performed, and current I is output _out Is kept at a value of I _out A target value; wherein I is _out Target value=i _bat2 Target value-I _bat1 Target value.

The charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below, and the method may be applied to the charging circuit shown in fig. 6 or fig. 7. Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 8, the method includes:

S801, the controller determines a charging current target value (a first target value) of the first battery and a charging current target value (a second target value) of the second battery, and an output current target value (a third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit; wherein, the first target value/the second target value=the capacity of the first battery/the capacity of the second battery.

For example, the first battery is the battery 11, and the second battery is the battery 12. The capacity of the first battery is a first value, and the capacity of the second battery is a second value; the first value is less than the second value.

When the electronic equipment is connected with the charger in a wired or wireless mode, the electronic equipment charges the first battery and the second battery through the charger. The charging current of a battery during charging is a dynamically changing process. In one implementation, the battery charging process includes three phases: a precharge phase, a constant current charging phase, and a constant voltage charging phase. When the initial/no-load voltage of the battery is lower than the precharge threshold (e.g., 3.0V), the charge current of the single battery is about 10% of the charge current of the constant current charge phase in the precharge phase. In the constant current charging phase, the charging current is constant (the charging current at this time is the maximum charging current), and the voltage gradually increases, which is the rapid charging phase at this time. In the case of a single cell, when the cell reaches a certain voltage value, i.e. enters a constant voltage charging phase, this constant voltage value is for example 4.2V. In the constant voltage charging stage, the voltage is unchanged, and the charging current is decreased; when the charging current reaches the termination current (e.g., 0.01C), the charging is terminated. Once charging is completed, the charging current drops to zero. The controller determines a current charging current target value of the battery II according to a specific stage in the charging process of the battery I and the battery II.

For example, taking the case that the first battery and the second battery are in a constant current charging stage, the present charging current target value of the second battery is determined as the maximum charging current of the second battery. It is understood that the maximum charging current of the second battery is less than or equal to the maximum output current of the charger. Taking the maximum charging current of the second battery as 3A as an example. I.e., the charging current target value of the second battery is determined to be 3A.

According to the charging current target value of the first battery/the charging current target value of the second battery = the capacity of the first battery/the capacity of the second battery = the first value/the second value; a charging current target value for battery one is determined. Exemplary, the first value is 2000 mA.h, the second value is 3000 mA.h, the charging current of the second battery (I _bat2 ) If the target value is 3A, the charging current (I _bat1 ) The target value was 2A. Output current of voltage conversion circuit(I _out ) Target value=i _bat2 Target value-I _bat1 Target value. Exemplary, I _out Target value=3a—2a=1a. That is, the first target value is 2A, the second target value is 3A, and the third target value is 1A.

The above example describes a specific method for determining the charging current target value of the first battery and the charging current target value of the second battery, taking the constant current charging phase as an example. It can be understood that the charging current in the charging process is a dynamically changing process, and the charging current target value of the first battery and the charging current target value of the second battery can be determined by adopting the method at each stage of the charging process; so that the charging current target value of the battery one/the charging current target value of the battery two = the capacity of the battery one/the capacity of the battery two = the first value/the second value, and the charging current of the single battery in the pre-charging stage is 10% of the charging current in the constant-current charging stage.

S802, the controller sends a charging current target value (a first target value) of a battery I to the first circuit, and the controller sends a voltage conversion circuit output current target value (a third target value) to the voltage conversion circuit; the sum of the output current target value (third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit and the charging current target value (first target value) of the battery I is the charging current target value (second target value) of the battery II.

In one implementation, the controller sends a first control signal to the first circuit via the IIC communication protocol, including a first target value. The controller sends a second control signal to the voltage conversion circuit via the IIC communication protocol, including a third target value.

S803, the first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of the first battery, so that the charging current of the first battery reaches a first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the output voltage of the first circuit so that the output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches a third target value.

In one implementation, the first circuit is a direct charge circuit, such as a switching circuit.

In one example, the sampling circuit collects I in real time _bat1 And report to the controller. The controller sends I to the direct charging circuit through the IIC communication protocol _bat1 A current value. If I _bat1 The current value is less than a first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol, and the charger supply voltage is increased by a first step (for example, 0.5V). Thus, the output voltage V of the direct charging circuit _out1 Elevation, i.e. I _bat1 Is increased. If I _bat1 The current value is greater than the first target value, the direct charging circuit negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol, and the charger supply voltage is reduced by a second step (which may be equal to or unequal to the first step, such as 0.5V). Thus, the output voltage V of the direct charging circuit _out1 Reduction, i.e. I _bat1 Is reduced. By one or more adjustments, by raising or lowering the charger supply voltage, I _bat1 The value of (2) reaches a first target value.

In another example, the sampling circuit collects I in real time _bat1 And report to the controller. If I _bat1 The current value is smaller than a first target value, and the controller sends a boosting signal to the direct charging circuit; the direct charging path negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to boost the charger supply voltage in a first step (e.g., 0.5V). Thus, the output voltage V of the direct charging circuit _out1 Elevation, i.e. I _bat1 Is increased. If I _bat1 The current value is larger than a first target value, and the controller sends a step-down signal to the direct-current charging circuit; the direct charging path negotiates with the charger through a charging protocol to reduce the charger supply voltage in a second step size (which may be equal or unequal to the first step size, such as 0.5V). Thus, the output voltage V of the direct charging circuit _out1 Reduction, i.e. I _bat1 Is reduced. By one or more adjustments, by raising or lowering the charger supply voltage, I _bat1 The value of (2) reaches a first target value.

In one implementation, the first circuit is Boost. Boost converts the charger supply voltage. In one example, the sampling circuit collects I in real time _bat1 And report to the controllerAnd (5) preparing a machine. The controller sends I to Boost through IIC communication protocol _bat1 A current value. If I _bat1 The current value is less than a first target value, boost increases the output voltage V by a first step (e.g., 0.5V) _out1 I.e. I _bat1 Is increased. If I _bat1 The current value is greater than the first target value and Boost decreases the output voltage V by a second step size (which may be equal to or unequal to the first step size, such as 0.5V) _out1 I.e. I _bat1 Is reduced. By one or more adjustments, by increasing or decreasing Boost output voltage, I _bat1 The value of (2) reaches a first target value. The Boost adjusts the duty ratio through pulse width modulation (pulse width modulation, PWM), performs Boost conversion on the input voltage, and outputs a target voltage value. The Boost function can be implemented by those skilled in the art using conventional methods available. The embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

In one implementation, the voltage conversion circuit is a Buck. Buck down-converts the output voltage of the first circuit, and the output current is a third target value. The Buck regulates the duty ratio through pulse width modulation (pulse width modulation, PWM), performs Buck conversion on the input voltage, outputs a target voltage value, and controls the output current to be a target value through feedback current. Those skilled in the art can implement the Buck function using conventional methods available. The embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

In the charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit charge the first battery and the second battery together, and in each stage of the charging process, the charging current value of the first battery/the charging current value of the second battery=the capacity of the first battery/the capacity of the second battery. Thus, the first battery and the second battery can be simultaneously charged, and the loss of the capacity of the batteries is avoided.

In some embodiments, the controller may not be used to determine the charging current target value (the first target value) of the first battery and the charging current target value (the second target value) of the second battery, and the output current target value (the third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit; the charging current target value of the battery I is directly preset in a first circuit, and the first circuit regulates output current according to the charging current target value of the battery I; the output current target value of the voltage conversion circuit is preset in the voltage conversion circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit regulates the output current according to the output current target value. The specific method for the first circuit to adjust the output current according to the target value of the charging current of the first battery and the specific method for the voltage conversion circuit to adjust the output current according to the target value of the output current may be specifically described with reference to the above embodiments, and will not be described herein.

The embodiment of the application also provides a charging circuit and a charging method, which are applied to charging batteries with different capacities. The charging circuit may be applied to the power management module 140 of the electronic device 10.

Fig. 9 illustrates another charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic apparatus 10 includes a first circuit 1c, a voltage conversion circuit 1d, and a controller 1e, and a battery pack; the first circuit 1c and the voltage conversion circuit (second circuit) 1d serve as charging circuits for charging the battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery 1a and a battery 1b, the capacities of the battery 1a and the battery 1b being different; illustratively, the capacity of the battery 1a is a first value and the capacity of the battery 1b is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value. In one example, the first circuit 1c may be the first circuit 13 in fig. 6, the voltage conversion circuit 1d may be the voltage conversion circuit 14 in fig. 6, the controller 1e may be the controller 15 in fig. 6, and the battery 1a and the battery 1b are the battery 11 and the battery 12 in fig. 6, respectively. The connection and function of the respective units in fig. 9 may refer to the corresponding units in fig. 6. Unlike the charging circuit shown in fig. 6, the voltage conversion circuit 14 is connected in parallel with the battery 11 in fig. 6. In the charging circuit shown in fig. 9, one end of the voltage conversion circuit 1d is coupled to the power supply end of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1 a; that is, the voltage conversion circuit 1d is connected in parallel with the circuit in which the first circuit 1c and the battery 1a are connected in series. That is, the voltage conversion circuit 1d in fig. 9 is not the output voltage V to the first circuit 1c _out1 The voltage conversion is performed, but the power supply voltage of the charger 20 is subjected to the voltage conversion.

In one implementation, as shown in fig. 10, the first circuit 1c may be a direct charge circuit or a Boost circuit (Boost); alternatively, the first circuit 1c includes a direct charge circuit and Boost. The voltage conversion circuit 1d is a step-down circuit (Buck), and may also be referred to as a Buck chip. The controller 1e is a SoC. In one example, the charging circuit may further include a sampling circuit 1f. One end of the sampling circuit 1f is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1a, and the other end is coupled to the Buck 1 d. The communication terminal of the sampling circuit 1f is connected in communication with the controller 1 e.

The embodiment of the application provides a charging method, which can be applied to a charging circuit shown in fig. 9 or 10. Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 11, the method includes:

s1101, the controller determines a charging current target value (a first target value) of the first battery and a charging current target value (a second target value) of the second battery, and an output current target value (a third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit; wherein, the first target value/the second target value=the capacity of the first battery/the capacity of the second battery.

S1102, the controller sends a charging current target value (first target value) of the first battery to the first circuit, and the controller sends a voltage conversion circuit output current target value (third target value) to the voltage conversion circuit; the sum of the output current target value (third target value) of the voltage conversion circuit and the charging current target value (first target value) of the battery I is the charging current target value (second target value) of the battery II.

Specific implementations of S1101 and S1102 may refer to S801 and S802, and are not described herein.

And S1103, the first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, and adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of the first battery, so that the charging current of the first battery reaches a first target value. The voltage conversion circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger so that the output current of the voltage conversion circuit reaches a third target value.

The first circuit performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, adjusts the output voltage of the first circuit according to the current value of the charging current of the first battery, so that the charging current of the first battery reaches the first target value, and the specific implementation can refer to S803.

Unlike S803, a voltage conversion circuit (such as Buck) down-converts the supply voltage of the charger, and the output current is a third target value.

The first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit charge the first battery and the second battery together, and at each stage of the charging process, the charging current value of the first battery/the charging current value of the second battery=the capacity of the first battery/the capacity of the second battery. Thus, the first battery and the second battery can be simultaneously charged, and the loss of the capacity of the batteries is avoided.

In fig. 3, battery 141 (e.g., including battery 11 and battery 12, or including battery 1a and battery 1 b) is used to power the various units (systems) in electronic device 10. For example, battery 141 may provide power to processor 110, internal memory 121, external memory interface 120, display 194, camera 193, wireless communication module 160, and the like; supporting normal operation of the system of electronic device 10.

The battery supplies power to the system, i.e., the battery discharges. Generally, a plurality of batteries are charged in series and discharged in series. Since the system rated supply voltage (e.g., equal to a single battery supply voltage) is less than the supply voltage of multiple batteries in series; multiple cells are connected in series to supply power and need to be subjected to voltage reduction discharge.

In one example, as shown in fig. 12, battery 11 and battery 12 are connected in series. The discharge current of the battery 11 is input to the step-down discharge circuit 17 through the first circuit 13. The discharge current of the battery 12 is reversely boosted by a voltage conversion circuit (Buck) and then inputted to a step-down discharge circuit 17 through a first circuit 13. The step-down discharge circuit 17 steps down the input voltage and supplies power to the system. For example, the single battery power supply voltage is 5v, the power supply voltage of the series connection of the battery 11 and the battery 12 is 10v, and the rated power supply voltage of the system is 5v; the buck discharging circuit 17 is used for realizing buck conversion from 10v (battery power supply voltage) to 5v (system rated power supply voltage), namely realizing 2:1 power conversion; only about 50% of the output power of the battery 11 and the battery 12 is used for supplying power to the system, and efficiency loss is caused, which is a waste of battery capacity.

The embodiment of the application also provides a circuit for automatically switching charge and discharge, and the circuit for automatically switching charge and discharge can be a power supply circuit in electronic equipment. When charging the battery pack, the batteries are connected in series; the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit charge the first battery and the second battery together, so that the first battery and the second battery can be charged simultaneously. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the batteries are connected in parallel, the power supply voltage of the batteries is equal to the rated power supply voltage of the system, so that efficiency loss caused by power conversion of the discharging circuit is avoided, and waste of battery capacity is avoided.

In one example, as shown in fig. 13, the electronic device 10 includes a power supply circuit including a battery 1a, a battery 1b, a first circuit 1c, a voltage conversion circuit 1d, a first switch 1g, and a second switch 1h. Wherein the capacities of the battery 1a and the battery 1b are different; illustratively, the capacity of the battery 1a is a first value and the capacity of the battery 1b is a second value, the second value being greater than the first value. Alternatively, the power supply circuit may further include a sampling circuit 1f (not shown in fig. 13) or the like. The power supply circuit may interact with other elements in the electronic device 10. For example, the power supply circuit may communicate wirelessly with the controller 1e and receive a control signal of the controller 1 e. For example, the power circuit may provide power to a system of the electronic device 10.

One end of the first circuit 1c is coupled with a power supply end of the charger 20, and the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1 a; the cathode of the battery 1a is coupled with a first controlled end 1h1 of the second switch 1 h; the first controlled end 1g1 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1 a; the second controlled end 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h and the positive electrode of the battery 1 b; the third controlled terminal 1h3 of the second switch 1h is coupled to the negative electrode of the battery 1 b; one end of the voltage conversion circuit 1d is coupled to a power supply end of the charger 20, the other end is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1b, and the power supply end is coupled to a system power supply interface. The communication terminal of the first circuit 1c, the communication terminal of the voltage converting circuit 1d, the control terminal of the first switch 1g, and the control terminal of the second switch 1h are respectively in communication connection (e.g., via an integrated circuit bus connection) with the controller 1 e.

In one example, the first circuit 1c is a direct charge circuit, the voltage conversion circuit 1d is a Buck, and the controller 1e is a SoC. The controller 1e may control the first circuit 1c (direct charge circuit) to be turned on or off by sending a signal to the communication terminal of the first circuit 1 c. The controller 1e may control on or off between the first controlled terminal 1g1 and the second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g by sending a signal to the control terminal 1g3 of the first switch 1 g. The controller can also control the conduction between the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h by sending a signal to the control end 1h4 of the second switch 1h, and the disconnection between the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h 3; or the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are controlled to be turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are controlled to be turned on.

In one implementation, the controller 1e determines that the charging process is currently being performed when charging the battery pack; the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to be turned on; controlling the first switch 1g to be turned off; and controls the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h to be conducted, and controls the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 to be turned off; thus, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. The equivalent circuit diagram is shown in fig. 9. Illustratively, when charging a battery, the current flow is as shown in fig. 14; the first circuit 1c and the voltage conversion circuit 1d charge the battery 1a and the battery 1b in common.

When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the controller 1e determines that the discharging process is currently performed; the controller 1e controls the first circuit 1c to turn off; controlling the first switch 1g to be turned on; and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h to be turned off, and controls the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h3 to be turned on. As shown in fig. 15, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel, and power is supplied to the system through the voltage conversion circuit 1 d.

Fig. 16 shows a schematic circuit diagram of automatic charge-discharge switching according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 16, the first circuit is a direct-charging circuit, and the voltage conversion circuit is a Buck circuit. The battery 1a and the battery 1b are respectively connected in series with a sampling resistor. It will be appreciated that in other examples, the sampling resistor may not be included in the circuit.

When the battery pack is charged, the direct charging circuit 1c is turned on, the firstThe switch 1g is turned off, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are conducted, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned off; the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. The current flow is shown in FIG. 17, for example, the input voltage of the charging interface (charger supply voltage) is 10V, and the output voltage V of the direct charging circuit 1c _out1 A charge current of 10v, I, flowing through the battery 1a via the direct charge circuit 1c _bat1 . Buck performs Buck conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger, wherein the output voltage is 5v, namely the voltage of the cathode of the battery 1a is 5v; buck output current I _out . Thus, the charging current of the battery 1b is I _bat1 +I _out ＝I _bat2 . The voltage of the positive electrode of the battery 1b is equal to the Buck output voltage and is 5v; the negative electrode of the battery 1b is grounded, and the voltage is 0v. In this circuit connection, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series, and the direct charge circuit 1c and the Buck 1d charge the battery 1a and the battery 1b together, so that the charge current value of the battery 1 a/the charge current value of the battery 1 b=the capacity of the battery 1 a/the capacity of the battery 1b, and the battery 1a and the battery 1b can be charged simultaneously.

When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the direct charging circuit 1c is turned off, the first switch 1g is turned on, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned on; the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel. As shown in fig. 18, the voltage difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the single battery is 5v, namely, the positive electrode voltages of the battery 1a and the battery 1b are 5v; the output current of the battery 1a is I _bat1 The output current of the battery 1b is I _bat2 The current flowing through Buck is I _bat1 +I _bat2 I.e. the supply current of the battery 1a and the battery 1b for supplying power to the system is I _bat1 +I _bat2 . The input voltage of Buck is 5v, the output voltage (the rated power supply voltage of the system) is 5v, so that efficiency loss caused by power conversion is avoided, and waste of battery capacity is avoided.

In one example, fig. 19 illustrates one specific implementation of the first switch. When the battery pack is charged, the SoC sends a high-level control signal to the first switch, the driving level outputs a high level, and the opposite double N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, MOSFET, MOS transistor for short) is turned on, i.e. the first switch is turned on. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the SoC sends a low-level control signal to the first switch, the driving level outputs a low level, and the opposite double-N-type MOS tube is turned off, namely the first switch is turned off.

In one example, fig. 20 illustrates one specific implementation of the second switch. When the battery pack is charged, the SoC sends a high-level control signal to the second switch, the driving level outputs a high level, the MOS tube 1 is turned off, and the MOS tube 2 is turned on; namely, the first controlled terminal 1h1 is conducted with the second controlled terminal 1h2, and the first controlled terminal 1h1 is disconnected with the third controlled terminal 1h 3. When the battery pack supplies power to the system, the SoC sends a low-level control signal to the second switch, the driving level outputs a low level, the MOS tube 1 is turned on, and the MOS tube 2 is turned off; namely, the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the second controlled terminal 1h2 are turned off, and the first controlled terminal 1h1 and the third controlled terminal 1h3 are turned on.

Illustratively, the voltage at each endpoint varies during charging of the battery and powering of the system by the battery as shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Fig. 21 is a schematic flow chart of a method for automatically switching charge and discharge circuits, which can be applied to the circuit shown in fig. 13. As shown in fig. 21, the method includes:

s2101, a charging interface of the electronic device is coupled with a charger.

The battery pack of the electronic equipment comprises a first battery and a second battery, wherein the capacity of the first battery is a first value, the capacity of the second battery is a second value, and the first value is smaller than the second value. For example, the first battery 1a is the battery 1a, and the second battery 1b is the battery.

The controller determines that a charging interface of the electronic device is coupled to the charger and enters a charging process for the battery pack.

S2102, the controller controls the first circuit to be conducted; controlling the first switch to be turned off; and controlling the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch to be conducted, and controlling the first controlled end and the third controlled end to be turned off.

For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in fig. 19, and the second switch is shown in fig. 20. The controller communicates with the communication end of the first circuit through an IIC communication protocol to control the first circuit to be conducted. The controller communicates with the control end of the first switch through an IIC communication protocol to control the first switch to be turned off. The controller communicates with the control end of the second switch through an IIC communication protocol, and controls the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch to be conducted, and the first controlled end and the third controlled end to be turned off. Thus, cell one and cell two are connected in series.

S2103, connecting the first battery and the second battery in series; the first circuit charges the first battery, and the first circuit and the voltage conversion circuit jointly charge the second battery.

In one implementation, the method shown in FIG. 11 may be used to charge battery one and battery two. The current trend is illustrated in fig. 17, for example.

S2104, the charging interface of the electronic device is disconnected from the charger.

The controller determines that the charging interface of the electronic device is disconnected from the charger and that power is supplied to the system by the battery pack.

S2105, the controller controls the first circuit to be turned off; controlling the first switch to be conducted; and controlling the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch to be turned off, and controlling the first controlled end and the third controlled end to be turned on.

For example, the first circuit is a direct charging circuit, the first switch is shown in fig. 19, and the second switch is shown in fig. 20. The controller communicates with the communication end of the first circuit through an IIC communication protocol to control the first circuit to be turned off. The controller communicates with the control end of the first switch through an IIC communication protocol to control the first switch to be conducted. The controller communicates with the control end of the second switch through an IIC communication protocol, and controls the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch to be turned off, and the first controlled end and the third controlled end are turned on. Thus, the first battery is connected in parallel with the second battery.

S2106, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel to supply power to the system.

The current flow is illustrated in fig. 18, for example.

In some embodiments, when the charging interface of the electronic device is coupled to the charger, the power supply current of the charger may be partially used to charge the battery pack of the electronic device and partially used to supply power to the system of the electronic device to ensure that the electronic device is operating properly.

In one example, the charger 20 is connected to the charging interface of the electronic device 10, the controller 1e determines that the charging process is currently in progress, controls the first circuit 1c to be turned on, and controls the first switch 1g to be turned off; and controls the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h to be conducted, and controls the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 to be turned off; thus, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series. An equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 22, for example. The first circuit 1c converts the power supply voltage of the charger 20 into a voltage and outputs a charging current I to the battery 1a _bat1 . The voltage conversion circuit 1d performs voltage conversion on the power supply voltage of the charger 20, and outputs a part of the current I _out Charging current I with battery 1a _bat1 The battery 1b is input together to charge the battery 1 b; another portion of the output current powers the system. In this embodiment, the system is powered by the charger 20 through the Buck of the electronic device 10, rather than by the battery pack of the electronic device 10.

The embodiment of the application also provides an electricity meter which can be applied to a circuit with a plurality of batteries connected in series or a circuit with a plurality of batteries connected in parallel. The electricity meter may be part of the electronic device 10, such as the electricity meter shown as the power management module 140 of fig. 3, or may be a stand-alone electronic device. The embodiments and figures of the present application exemplify that the fuel gauge is a power management chip.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 23, when charging battery 1a and battery 1b, battery 1a and battery 1b are connected in series; the negative electrode of the battery 1a is coupled to the positive electrode of the battery 1b, and the negative electrode of the battery 1b is grounded. When the battery 1a and the battery 1b supply power outwards, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel; the negative electrode of the battery 1a is grounded, and the negative electrode of the battery 1b is grounded. For example, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in a circuit shown in fig. 13.

The fuel gauge 30 is used to measure the voltage of the battery 1a and the voltage of the battery 1 b. The fuel gauge 30 includes pins Pv1, pv2, pv3, and Pgnd. The pin Pv1 is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1a and is used for collecting the voltage value of the positive electrode of the battery 1 a; pin Pv2 is coupled with the negative electrode of battery 1a, and is used for collecting the voltage value of the negative electrode of battery 1 a; the pin Pv3 is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1b and is used for collecting the voltage value of the positive electrode of the battery 1 b; pin Pgnd is grounded, i.e., pin Pgnd is coupled to the negative electrode of battery 1b, and the voltage value is 0v. The fuel gauge 30 may acquire the voltage of the battery 1a (i.e., the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery 1 a) through the pins Pv1 and Pv2, and the voltage of the battery 1b (i.e., the voltage difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery 1 b) through the pin Pv 3.

In one implementation, as shown in FIG. 24, the fuel gauge 30 includes a chip 31, a chip 32, and a differential amplifier (differential amplification circuit) 33. The positive input end of the differential amplifier 33 is connected with the pin Pv1, the negative input end of the differential amplifier 33 is connected with the pin Pv2, and the differential amplifier 33 comprises an operational amplifier 331, a resistor 332, a resistor 333, a resistor 334 and a resistor 335; the positive input end of the differential amplifier 33 is connected with one end of the resistor 332 and the power end of the operational amplifier 331; the other end of the resistor 332 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier 331 and one end of the resistor 333; the other end of the resistor 333 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier 331; the negative input end of the differential amplifier 33 is connected with one end of a resistor 334, and the other end of the resistor 334 is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier 331 and one end of a resistor 335; the other end of the resistor 335 is connected with the ground end of the operational amplifier 331; the resistances of the resistor 332, the resistor 333, the resistor 334, and the resistor 335 are equal, so that the value output at the output terminal of the differential amplifier 33=the voltage value collected by the pin Pv 1-the voltage value collected by the pin Pv 2=the voltage of the battery 1 a. In one example, chip 31 and chip 32 are the same chip, such as a power management chip (fuel gauge). The chip 31 and the chip 32 each include a plurality of pins (or referred to as pins or the like). Illustratively, chip 31 and chip 32 each include pins Picv. The pin Picv of the chip 31 is connected with the output end of the differential amplifier 33; the chip 31 acquires the voltage of the battery 1a through the voltage value acquired by the pin Picv; that is, the voltage value collected by pin Picv of chip 31=the value output from the output terminal of differential amplifier 33=the voltage of battery 1 a. Pin Picv of chip 32 is connected to pin Pv3 of fuel gauge 30; the chip 32 acquires the voltage of the battery 1b through the voltage value acquired by the pin Picv; i.e. the voltage value collected by pin Picv of chip 32 = the voltage of battery 1 b.

As can be seen, the electricity meter 30 calculates the voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery 1a through the differential amplifier (differential amplifying circuit) 33, and the chip 31 can acquire the voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery 1a through the pin Picv. The chip 32 can acquire the voltage difference between the positive and negative poles of the battery 1b through the pin Picv. Thus, when the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series, the electricity meter 30 can acquire the voltages of the battery 1a and the battery 1b at the same time. If the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel, the electricity meter 30 can also acquire the voltages of the battery 1a and the battery 1b at the same time. Whether the battery 1a and the battery 1b are charged in series or discharged in parallel; the fuel gauge 30 can accurately acquire the real-time voltage of the battery 1a and the battery 1b, and the connection relation between the fuel gauge 30 and the battery is not required to be changed, and other auxiliary means are not required. The fuel gauge 30 can be used for both series connection of two batteries and parallel connection of two batteries.

Optionally, the chips 31 and 32 further include pins Pdata and Pcl for communicating with other chips (such as SoC) via IIC communication protocols. Optionally, the fuel gauge 30 may further include a pin Pdata and a pin Pcl (not shown in the figure), where the pins Pdata of the chip 31 and the chip 32 are connected to the pin Pdata of the fuel gauge 30, and the pins Pcl of the chip 31 and the chip 32 are connected to the pin Pcl of the fuel gauge 30; the pins Pdata and Pcl of the fuel gauge 30 are connected to the integrated circuit bus of the electronic device 10, and the voltage of the battery 1a and the voltage of the battery 1b are reported to the controller 15 through the IIC communication protocol.

In some embodiments, the fuel gauge 30 is also used to measure the current through the (input or output) battery 1a and the current through the (input or output) battery 1 b. As shown in fig. 25, the battery 1a is connected in series with a sampling resistor R1, and the battery 1b is connected in series with a sampling resistor R2; it can be appreciated that the resistance values of R1 and R2 are small, and the voltage difference across the sampling resistor is negligible. The fuel gauge 30 also includes pins Pi1, pi2, pi3, and Pi4; the pins Pi1 and Pi2 are respectively coupled to two ends of the sampling resistor R1 and are used for collecting voltage values of two ends of the R1; pins Pi3 and Pi4 are coupled to two ends of the sampling resistor R2 respectively and are used for collecting voltage values of two ends of the R2. The electricity meter 30 can obtain the current passing through R1, that is, the current passing through the battery 1a, by the voltage value at both ends of R1 and the resistance value of R1; the current passing through R2, that is, the current passing through the battery 1b, can be obtained by the voltage value at both ends of R2 and the resistance value of R2. In the example of fig. 25, the fuel gauge 30 does not include the sampling resistors R1 and R2. In practice, sampling resistors R1 and R2 may also be provided within fuel gauge 30.

In one implementation, as shown in fig. 26, both chip 31 and chip 32 include pins Pici1 and Pici2. Pins Pici1 and Pici2 of chip 31 are connected to pins Pi1, pi2 of fuel gauge 30, respectively; the chip 31 collects the voltage values of the two ends of the R1 through pins Pici1 and Pici2, and obtains the current passing through the battery 1a through the voltage values of the two ends of the R1 and the resistance value of the R1. Pins Pici1 and Pici2 of chip 32 are connected to pins Pi3, pi4 of fuel gauge 30, respectively; the chip 32 collects the voltage values of both ends of R2 through pins Pici1 and Pici2, and obtains the current passing through the battery 1b through the voltage values of both ends of R2 and the resistance value of R2.

Thus, the chip 31 obtains the current through the battery 1a through the pin Pici1 and the pin Pici2, the chip 32 obtains the current through the battery 1b through the pin Pici1 and the pin Pici2, and the electricity meter 30 respectively obtains the current through the battery 1a and the current through the battery 1b, whether the battery 1a and the battery 1b are charged in series or discharged in parallel; the fuel gauge 30 can accurately acquire the real-time current of the battery 1a and the battery 1 b.

Alternatively, in one example, pins Pdata and Pcl of fuel gauge 30 connect to an integrated circuit bus of electronic device 10, reporting the current of battery 1a and the current of battery 1b to controller 15 via the IIC communication protocol. Illustratively, the fuel gauge 30 is the sampling circuit 16 of FIG. 6, the pins Pdata and Pcl are communication terminals of the sampling circuit 16, and the fuel gauge 30 can be used to collect the charging current I of the battery 11 in real time _bat1 And report to the SoC. Alternatively, the amount of electricityMeter 30 is sampling circuit 1f in fig. 10, pin Pdata and pin Pcl are communication terminals of sampling circuit 1f, and fuel gauge 30 can be used for collecting charging current I of battery 1a in real time _bat1 And report to the SoC.

In some embodiments, the fuel gauge 30 is also used to measure the temperature of the battery 1a as well as the temperature of the battery 1 b. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 27, both chip 31 and chip 32 include pins Pt1 and Pt2, chip 31 may obtain the temperature of battery 1a through pins Pt1 and Pt2, and chip 32 may obtain the temperature of battery 1b through pins Pt1 and Pt 2.

In one implementation, fuel gauge 30 also includes resistors R3, R4, R5, and R6; one end of R3 is grounded (such as coupled to pin Pdata of chip 31), and the other end is connected to pin Pt2 of chip 31; one end of R4 is connected to one end of pin Pt2 of R3 connecting chip 31, and the other end is connected to pin Pt1 of chip 31; one end of R5 is connected with the cathode (approximately considered as grounding) of the battery 1b, and the other end is connected with a pin Pt2 of the chip 32; one end of R6 is connected to one end of pin Pt2 of R5 connection chip 32, and the other end is connected to pin Pt1 of chip 32. Where R3 and R5 are thermistors such as NTC (negative temperature coefficient ), R3 is disposed near battery 1a (e.g., within the battery pack of battery 1 a), and R5 is disposed near battery 1b (e.g., within the battery pack of battery 1 b); thus, R3 and R5 may change resistance values as the battery temperature changes.

The pin Pt1 and the pin Pt2 of the chip 31 respectively acquire voltage values at two ends of the resistor R4, and acquire voltage differences at two ends of the resistor R4; one end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the voltage value is 0V, and the pin Pt2 of the chip 31 acquires the voltage value of the other end of the resistor R3 and acquires the voltage difference of the two ends of the resistor R3; referring to fig. 27, the resistance value of R3/the resistance value of R4=the voltage difference between the two ends of R3/the voltage difference between the two ends of R4, so that the current resistance value of R3 can be obtained according to the voltage values collected by the pins Pt1 and Pt2 and the resistance value of the resistor R4. R3 is a thermistor, and the temperature value of R3, that is, the temperature value of the battery 1a, can be obtained according to the current resistance value of R3. Similarly, the pin Pt1 and the pin Pt2 of the chip 32 respectively collect voltage values at two ends of the resistor R6, and obtain voltage differences at two ends of the resistor R6; one end of the resistor R5 is grounded (the voltage difference between two ends of the resistor R2 is very small and is ignored), the voltage value is 0V, and the pin Pt2 of the chip 32 acquires the voltage value of the other end of the resistor R5 to acquire the voltage difference between two ends of the resistor R5; thus, according to the voltage values collected by the pin Pt1 and the pin Pt2 and the resistance value of the resistor R6, the current resistance value of R5 can be obtained, and the temperature value of R5 is obtained according to the current resistance value of R5, that is, the temperature value of the battery 1b is obtained.

Alternatively, in one example, pins Pdata and Pcl of fuel gauge 30 connect to an integrated circuit bus of electronic device 10, reporting the temperature value of battery 1a and the temperature value of battery 1b to controller 15 via the IIC communication protocol.

In one example, chip 31 and chip 32 are the same power management chip, such as an electricity meter.

Further, the electric quantity of the battery 1a may be calculated from the voltage, current, and temperature value of the battery 1 a; the amount of electricity of the battery 1b may be calculated from the voltage, current, and temperature values of the battery 1 b.

Common methods of calculating battery charge (or state of charge) are Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) and coulometric.

The remaining battery power is calculated by an open circuit voltage method, and is generally obtained by looking up a table of the corresponding relation between the open circuit voltage and the state of charge of the battery. Open circuit voltage refers to the voltage of the battery in the battery idle state (neither charged nor discharged) for more than about half an hour. Battery voltage=ocv-IR, I is battery current, R is battery internal resistance. The voltage and the current of the battery are obtained through the electricity meter, and the electric quantity of the battery can be obtained through a preset corresponding relation table of the open-circuit voltage and the state of charge. However, the larger I and R, the larger the difference between the battery voltage and the open circuit voltage OCV, and the larger the error in the estimated battery state of charge and battery charge. That is, both the internal resistance of the battery and the load current affect the measurement accuracy, and the internal resistance of the battery is large in discrete form along with the influence of the above factors. The correspondence between the open circuit voltage and the state of charge of the battery can also change under different loads, temperatures and aging states. Therefore, in practical application, the corresponding relationship between the battery voltage and the open-circuit voltage and the state of charge of the battery is usually modified according to the actual load, the current value and the temperature value of the battery; to obtain a more accurate battery charge (or state of charge). Specific implementation methods may refer to conventional practice in the art, and embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

Coulomb metering, also known as ampere-hour integration, typically measures the current value at which the battery is being charged or discharged, and then integrates the charge current value or discharge current value over time (RTC) to derive how much coulomb is being charged or discharged. The method can accurately calculate the real-time charge state of battery charging or discharging. The current remaining power RM and the full charge capacity FCC are calculated from the previous remaining battery capacity. The state of charge is thus calculated using the remaining capacity RM and the full charge capacity FCC, i.e. state of charge=rm/FCC. It also enables estimation of the remaining time, such as the time to power exhaustion (TTE) and power full (TTF).

Taking a discharging process as an example, the measurement idea of the coulometric method is to obtain the full charge maximum capacity of the battery, then integrate the discharging current in the discharging process with respect to time to obtain the discharging capacity, and subtracting the discharging capacity from the full charge capacity to obtain the residual capacity.

But this method requires a complete discharge cycle to learn to determine the maximum capacity of the battery. In theory, the battery is updated when the battery is completely discharged, but in practical application, some battery capacity needs to be reserved for the operation such as shutdown and the like. Thus, the update is typically performed when 3% -7% of the battery level remains. Taking 7% as an example, this means that the battery has discharged 93% of its capacity, and the discharged capacity mAh is obtained by integrating the discharge current with respect to time, and the full charge capacity of the battery is obtained by dividing 93%.

Therefore, the key point in determining full charge capacity is how to determine that the battery state of charge has reached 7%. Typically by the battery voltage, which in turn is related to current, temperature, impedance, etc. at that time, we can define this voltage as the end discharge voltage EDV, edv=ocv-IR. Generally, under the conditions of constant temperature and current and small difference of internal resistances of batteries, the EDV is basically constant. However, in practical applications, the EDV at a state of charge of 7% is different because the load current, temperature, etc. may vary, and therefore compensation is required according to the load current, temperature, etc. of the battery.

In addition, there is a possibility that there is a deviation in the calculation of the electric quantity by the coulomb method.

The reasons for the accuracy bias caused by coulometric methods are mainly:

the first is the accumulation of bias in the current monitoring and ADC measurements (electricity meters collect current through pins). Any ADC with accuracy has accuracy problems and can cause such errors to accumulate over time, and if not eliminated, can cause significant deviations. To eliminate this accumulated error, there are 3 possible time points in normal battery operation: end of charge (EOC), end of discharge (EOD) and Rest (RELAX). The end of charge means that the battery has been fully charged and the state of charge of the battery is 100%. The end of discharge indicates that the battery has been fully discharged and the state of charge of the battery is 0%. The charge end state and the discharge end state can be generally expressed by using the voltage and the current of the battery. For example, the condition that the end-of-charge state is satisfied is generally that the battery voltage is greater than a certain value and the present charge current is less than the off-current. The rest state is approximately the state of no charge and no discharge, and is also called as a light load state; this state is typically maintained for more than half an hour, at which time the battery voltage is also approximately the open circuit voltage of the battery.

The second is the error caused by the full charge of the battery, which is mainly the difference between the capacity value of the battery design and the actual battery capacity of the battery. And the full charge is also affected by the temperature, aging, load and other factors of the battery, and compensation needs to be performed according to the load current, temperature and the like of the battery.

In addition, the electric quantity calculation can be performed by a dynamic voltage method, an impedance tracking method and the like. In practical application, the battery power can be calculated by adopting a method which can be obtained in the conventional technology. In summary, to accurately calculate the electric quantity of the battery, it is necessary to accurately obtain the voltage, current and temperature values of the battery.

The electricity meter provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for accurately measuring the voltage value, the current value and the temperature value of two batteries when the two batteries are charged in series; the method can also be used for accurately measuring the voltage value, the current value and the temperature value of the two batteries when the two batteries are discharged in parallel. Whether the circuit is switched to charge two batteries in series or to discharge two batteries in parallel, the real-time electric quantity of the two batteries can be accurately obtained; the connection relation between the electricity meter and the battery is not required to be changed, and other auxiliary means are not required. Moreover, the fuel gauge provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for multiplexing the existing fuel gauges (the chip 31 and the chip 32) for transformation, and is simple to realize and low in cost.

It should be noted that the fuel gauge 30 may further include more pins, such as an interrupt pin (int), and the like, which may be implemented in a conventional manner that can be obtained by those skilled in the art, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Illustratively, fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship when measuring the charge of the battery pack in the circuit of fig. 13 using the charge meter 30. As shown in fig. 28, the first controlled end 1g1 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the positive electrode of the battery 1a and the pin Pv1 (positive input end of the differential amplifier 33) of the fuel gauge 30; the negative electrode of the battery 1a is coupled with the pin Pv2 of the fuel gauge 30 (negative input of the differential amplifier 33) and the pin Pi1 of the fuel gauge 30 (pin Pici1 of the chip 31); pin Pi2 of fuel gauge 30 (pin Pici2 of chip 31) is coupled with first controlled terminal 1h1 of second switch 1 h; the resistor R1 is connected between the first controlled terminal 1h1 of the second switch 1h and the negative electrode of the battery 1 a.

The second controlled terminal 1g2 of the first switch 1g is coupled with the second controlled terminal 1h2 of the second switch 1h and the positive pole of the battery 1b and the pin Pv3 of the fuel gauge 30 (pin Picv of the chip 32); the negative electrode of battery 1b is coupled to pin Pi3 of fuel gauge 30 (pin Pici1 of chip 32); the third controlled end 1h3 of the second switch 1h is coupled with the pin Pi4 of the fuel gauge 30 (pin Pici2 of the chip 32) and with the pin Pgnd of the fuel gauge 30 and is grounded; the resistor R2 is connected between the negative electrode of the battery 1b and the ground.

When the first switch 1g is turned off, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned on, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned off; thus, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in series.

When the first switch 1g is turned on, the first controlled end 1h1 and the second controlled end 1h2 of the second switch 1h are turned off, and the first controlled end 1h1 and the third controlled end 1h3 are turned on; thus, the battery 1a and the battery 1b are connected in parallel.

The electricity meter 30 may be used to measure the electricity amounts of the batteries 1a and 1b when the batteries 1a and 1b are connected in series; it can also be used to measure the charge of the batteries 1a and 1b when the batteries 1a and 1b are connected in parallel.

As shown in fig. 29, the embodiment of the application further provides a chip system. The chip system 40 includes at least one processor 401 and at least one interface circuit 402. The at least one processor 401 and the at least one interface circuit 402 may be interconnected by wires. The processor 401 is configured to support the electronic device in implementing the various functions or steps of the method embodiments described above, and at least one interface circuit 402 may be configured to receive signals from other devices (e.g., memory) or to transmit signals to other devices (e.g., communication interfaces). The system-on-chip may include a chip, and may also include other discrete devices.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on an electronic device described above, cause the electronic device to perform the functions or steps of the method embodiments described above, for example, performing the method shown in fig. 8, 11, or 21.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on an electronic device as described above, cause the electronic device to perform the functions or steps of the method embodiments described above, for example, performing the method shown in fig. 8, 11 or 21.

Technical effects concerning the chip system, the computer-readable storage medium, the computer program product refer to the technical effects of the previous method embodiments.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative modules and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described system, apparatus and module may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the modules is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, electrical, mechanical, or other form.

The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as modules may or may not be physically separate, i.e., may be located in one device, or may be distributed over multiple devices. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one device, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules may be integrated in one device.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device including one or more servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the medium. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electricity meter for use with a battery including a first battery and a second battery, a negative electrode of the first battery being connected to a positive electrode of the second battery, a negative electrode of the second battery being grounded, the electricity meter comprising: a first chip, a second chip; the first chip comprises a first pin and a second pin, and the second chip comprises a first pin and a second pin;

the first pin of the first chip and the first pin of the second chip are grounded; the second pin of the first chip is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery; the second pin of the second chip is connected with the positive electrode of the second battery;

the first chip is used for acquiring the voltage value of the first battery through a second pin of the first chip;

And the second chip is used for acquiring the voltage value of the second battery through a second pin of the second chip.

2. The fuel gauge of claim 1, further comprising: a differential amplifier circuit is provided which is capable of amplifying,

the positive input end of the differential amplification circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery, the negative input end of the differential amplification circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery, and the second pin of the first chip is connected with the output end of the differential amplification circuit; the voltage value of the output end of the differential amplification circuit is the difference between the voltage value of the positive electrode of the first battery and the voltage value of the negative electrode of the first battery.

3. The fuel gauge of claim 2, wherein the differential amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a first sub-resistor, a second sub-resistor, a third sub-resistor, and a fourth sub-resistor,

the positive input end of the differential amplifying circuit is connected with one end of the first sub resistor and the power end of the operational amplifier;

the other end of the first sub resistor is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier and one end of the second sub resistor;

the other end of the second sub resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier;

The negative input end of the differential amplifying circuit is connected with one end of the third sub-resistor;

the other end of the third sub resistor is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier and one end of the fourth sub resistor;

the other end of the fourth sub resistor is connected with the grounding end of the operational amplifier;

the resistance values of the first sub-resistor, the second sub-resistor, the third sub-resistor and the fourth sub-resistor are equal.

4. The electricity meter of claim 1, further comprising a first resistor and a second resistor; the first resistor is connected between the negative electrode of the first battery and the positive electrode of the second battery; one end of the second resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the second battery, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded;

the first chip comprises a third pin and a fourth pin, the second chip comprises a third pin and a fourth pin, the third pin of the first chip is connected with one end of the first resistor, the fourth pin of the first chip is connected with the other end of the first resistor, the third pin of the second chip is connected with one end of the second resistor, the fourth pin of the second chip is connected with the other end of the second resistor,

The first chip is used for acquiring a current value of the first battery through a third pin and a fourth pin of the first chip;

the second chip is used for acquiring the current value of the second battery through a third pin and a fourth pin of the second chip.

5. The electricity meter of claim 4, wherein the electricity meter is further configured to,

the positive electrode of the first battery is used for being connected with a first controlled end of a first switch, the negative electrode of the first battery is used for being connected with a first controlled end of a second switch, the positive electrode of the second battery is used for being connected with a second controlled end of the first switch and a second controlled end of the second switch, and the negative electrode of the second battery is used for being connected with a third controlled end of the second switch;

when the first switch is turned off, a first controlled end and a second controlled end of the second switch are conducted, and when the first controlled end and a third controlled end of the second switch are turned off, a cathode of the first battery is connected with an anode of the second battery;

one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the first controlled end of the second switch.

6. The fuel gauge of claim 5, wherein the first chip is specifically configured to:

collecting a voltage value of one end of the first resistor through a third pin of the first chip;

collecting the voltage value of the other end of the first resistor through a fourth pin of the first chip;

and calculating the current value of the first battery according to the difference between the voltage values at the two ends of the first resistor and the resistance value of the first resistor.

7. The fuel gauge of claim 5, wherein the second chip is specifically configured to:

collecting a voltage value of one end of the second resistor through a third pin of the second chip;

collecting the voltage value of the other end of the second resistor through a fourth pin of the second chip;

and calculating the current of the second battery according to the difference between the voltage values at the two ends of the second resistor and the resistance value of the second resistor.

8. The fuel gauge of claim 4, wherein the first chip comprises a fifth pin and a sixth pin, the second chip comprises a fifth pin and a sixth pin,

the first chip is used for acquiring the temperature value of the first battery through a fifth pin and a sixth pin of the first chip;

And the second chip is used for acquiring the temperature value of the second battery through a fifth pin and a sixth pin of the second chip.

9. The electricity meter of claim 8, further comprising a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor, wherein the third resistor and the fifth resistor are thermistors, one end of the third resistor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the first chip, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the first chip, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to a sixth pin of the first chip, one end of the fifth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the second chip, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to a fifth pin of the second chip, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to a sixth pin of the second chip, and the first chip is specifically configured to: acquiring the voltage difference between two ends of the third resistor and the voltage difference between two ends of the fourth resistor through a fifth pin and a sixth pin of the first chip; according to the voltage difference between the two ends of the third resistor, the voltage difference between the two ends of the fourth resistor and the resistance of the fourth resistor, the resistance of the third resistor is obtained, and the corresponding temperature value of the first battery is obtained according to the resistance of the third resistor;

The second chip is specifically configured to: acquiring the voltage difference between two ends of the fifth resistor and the voltage difference between two ends of the sixth resistor through a fifth pin and a sixth pin of the second chip; and obtaining the resistance of the fifth resistor according to the voltage difference between the two ends of the fifth resistor, the voltage difference between the two ends of the sixth resistor and the resistance of the sixth resistor, and obtaining the corresponding temperature value of the second battery according to the resistance of the fifth resistor.

10. The fuel gauge of claim 8, wherein the first chip and the second chip are the same fuel gauge.

11. The fuel gauge according to any one of claims 8-10, wherein,

the first chip is further used for acquiring the electric quantity of the first battery according to the voltage value of the first battery, the current value of the first battery and the temperature value of the first battery;

the second chip is further configured to obtain an electric quantity of the second battery according to the voltage value of the second battery, the current value of the second battery, and the temperature value of the second battery.

12. An electronic device comprising the fuel gauge of any one of claims 1-11 and the battery pack.

13. An electronic device comprising an electricity meter according to any one of claims 8-11, said battery, and first and second switches,

the positive input end of the differential amplifying circuit in the fuel gauge is connected with the first controlled end of the first switch and the positive electrode of the first battery; the negative input end of the differential amplifying circuit in the fuel gauge is connected with the third pin of the first chip in the fuel gauge and the negative electrode of the first battery; a fourth pin of a first chip in the fuel gauge is connected with a first controlled end of the second switch; a second pin of a second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with a second controlled end of the first switch, the second controlled end of the second switch and an anode of the second battery; a third pin of a second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with the negative electrode of the second battery; a fourth pin of a second chip in the fuel gauge is connected with a third controlled end of the second switch;

when the first switch is turned off, a first controlled end and a second controlled end of the second switch are conducted, and when the first controlled end and a third controlled end of the second switch are turned off, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series;

When the first switch is turned on, the first controlled end and the second controlled end of the second switch are turned off, and when the first controlled end and the third controlled end of the second switch are turned on, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel.