CN117363924A - Preparation method of low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN117363924A CN117363924A CN202311334295.1A CN202311334295A CN117363924A CN 117363924 A CN117363924 A CN 117363924A CN 202311334295 A CN202311334295 A CN 202311334295A CN 117363924 A CN117363924 A CN 117363924A
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate, which comprises the steps of firstly, proportioning, smelting, preparing cast ingots, and cutting to obtain a titanium-based composite material plate blank, wherein the raw materials comprise high-purity Cr accounting for 3-6% of the total weight 3 C 2 Powder, the balance of 0-level titanium sponge particles; then polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing the surface of the titanium-based composite material slab, coating a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating on the surface of the slab, performing incremental gradient deformation hot rolling treatment on the slab, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain a semi-finished titanium-based composite material slab; finally, annealing treatment is carried out on the plate, and polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing are carried out on the surface of the plate after the annealing treatment, so that the finished titanium-based composite plate is obtained. The invention shortens the hot rolling process flow and avoids the problem of plate oxidation caused by multi-hot rolling treatment; the distribution form of the reinforcing phase in the titanium-based composite material plate is effectively regulated and controlled, and the uniform distribution of the reinforcing phase is realized; the process is simple, so the production cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a low-cost high-performance titanium matrix composite material plate.
Background
The titanium alloy has the characteristics of small density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good biocompatibility and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ocean engineering, petrochemical industry, biomedical treatment and the like. However, titanium and titanium alloys have low hardness and poor wear resistance, and cannot meet the performance requirements of the special field on high hardness and high wear resistance. The titanium-based composite material also has the characteristics of low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and the like, and compared with the traditional titanium and titanium alloy, the titanium-based composite material also has higher elastic modulus, more excellent wear resistance and high-temperature performance. Therefore, the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate is an excellent candidate material meeting the performance indexes such as low density, high specific strength, high elastic modulus, high hardness, high wear resistance and the like, and is oriented to the urgent demands of the fields such as aerospace, national defense military, ocean engineering and the like on high-performance metal structural materials.
However, because the reinforcing phase in the titanium-based composite material has larger differences in mechanical property, physical property and microstructure, the processing and forming of the titanium-based composite material have larger difficulty, and particularly the preparation technology of the titanium-based composite material plate is not mature enough. In the prior art, a titanium-based composite material ingot blank is mainly prepared by adopting a powder metallurgy method or a casting method, and then a hot rolling treatment is combined to prepare the titanium-based composite material plate. Patent CN113828776a discloses a preparation method of a TiBw reinforced titanium-based composite material plate, which adopts the following route: the method has the advantages that the ingot blank is prepared by powder metallurgy, the titanium-based composite material plate is prepared by multiple hot rolling and annealing treatments, but the process cost is high, the prepared plate is low in density and easy to form sintering pores, and the method totally needs to carry out 5-10 hot rolling treatments, so that the plate can absorb excessive oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and other impurity elements in the hot rolling process, and the performance of the titanium-based composite material plate is reduced. The patent CN111500957A adopts a process of smelting and casting ingot, forging and hot rolling to prepare the titanium-based composite material plate, the process needs 16-pass hot rolling, and the multipass hot rolling treatment can cause the plate to absorb excessive impurity elements in the hot rolling process, so that the mechanical property of the titanium-based composite material plate is reduced.
In conclusion, the method shortens and simplifies the rolling process of the titanium-based composite material plate, reduces the plate oxidation problem, optimizes the rolling process, reduces the process cost, and has very important engineering application value and significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate, which aims to solve the problems of long rolling flow, plate oxidation and high process cost in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate comprises the following steps:
firstly, batching, smelting, preparing cast ingots, and cutting to obtain a titanium-based composite slab, wherein the raw materials comprise high-purity Cr3C2 powder accounting for 2% -6% of the total weight, and the balance of 0-grade titanium sponge particles;
polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing the surface of the titanium-based composite material slab, coating a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating on the surface of the slab, performing incremental gradient deformation hot rolling treatment on the slab, and air-cooling the plate to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain a semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate;
and thirdly, annealing the semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate, polishing the surface of the plate after annealing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing to obtain the finished titanium-based composite material plate. .
Further, the purity of the 0-grade titanium sponge is more than or equal to 99.97%, the particle size of the 0-grade titanium sponge particles is 2-10mm, the purity of the Cr3C2 powder is more than or equal to 99.95%, and the particle size of the Cr3C2 powder is 0.325mm.
In the first step, the titanium-based composite material is smelted by adopting a vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace, and the interior of the smelting furnace is pumped to a vacuum degree of 3-5 multiplied by 10 before smelting -3 Pa, and filling argon gas for atmosphere protection; the power of an induction power supply in smelting is 200-400kW, the smelting time is 20-40min, and the alloy is cooled to room temperature after smelting to obtain the titanium-based composite material cast ingot.
Further, in the second step, the rolling process of the incremental gradient deformation is as follows, the rolling pressure is 500T, and the rolling speed is 3m/s; the first rolling deformation is 10%, the second rolling deformation is 20%, the third rolling deformation is 30%, the plate is placed in a heating furnace at 1000 ℃ for heat preservation for 10min before each pass, and the plate is air-cooled to room temperature after the last fire rolling is finished, so that the semi-finished titanium-based composite plate with the total rolling deformation of about 60% is obtained.
In the third step, the semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate is placed in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 120min for annealing treatment, and then air-cooled to room temperature, so that the titanium-based composite material plate is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides an incremental gradient deformation hot rolling technology for rolling a titanium-based composite material plate, which can enable the titanium-based composite material plate blank to quickly reach the expected deformation through three hot rolling procedures, shortens the hot rolling process flow and avoids the plate oxidation problem caused by multi-hot rolling treatment; according to the invention, the vacuum induction suspension smelting technology is used for preparing the titanium-based composite material cast ingot, the binding force between the reinforcing phase and the titanium matrix in the titanium-based composite material is strong, and the density of the titanium-based composite material is high, so that the comprehensive performance of the titanium-based composite material is good; the invention can effectively regulate the distribution form of the reinforcing phase in the titanium-based composite material plate by the incremental gradient deformation hot rolling technology, and realize the uniform distribution of the reinforcing phase.
2. The invention has simple process, so the production cost is lower; the titanium-based composite material plate prepared by the invention has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties after heat preservation at 600 ℃ for 120min of annealing treatment. The room temperature tensile strength is 584MPa, the elongation after break reaches 17%, and the excellent strong plastic matching is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macro-morphology of a low cost titanium matrix composite sheet of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of a low cost titanium matrix composite sheet of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the room temperature tensile properties of annealed titanium matrix composite panels according to example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Embodiment 1, a preparation method of a low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite board comprises the following steps:
preparing a raw material bag containing titanium particles and chromium carbide powder according to the weight percentage, wherein the titanium particles are 0-grade titanium sponge particles, the purity of the 0-grade titanium sponge particles is more than or equal to 99.97%, the particle size of the 0-grade titanium sponge particles is 2-10mm, the chromium carbide powder is high-purity Cr3C2 powder, the purity of the Cr3C2 powder is more than or equal to 99.95%, the particle size of the Cr3C2 powder is 0.325mm, the weight percentage of the high-purity Cr3C2 powder is 3%, and the balance is 0-grade titanium sponge particles; smelting the titanium-based composite material by adopting a vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace, and vacuumizing the interior of the smelting furnace to a vacuum degree of 5 multiplied by 10 before vacuum induction suspension smelting -3 Pa, and filling argon gas for atmosphere protection, wherein the induction power supply power in vacuum induction suspension smelting is 300kW, the smelting time is 30min, and the smelting junction is formedCooling the furnace to room temperature after the furnace is bundled to obtain a titanium-based composite material cast ingot, and cutting the cast ingot to obtain a titanium-based composite material slab with the thickness of 10 mm;
polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing the surface of the titanium-based composite material slab in the first step, and coating a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating on the surface of the slab; placing a titanium-based composite material plate blank in a heating furnace at 1000 ℃ for heat preservation for 30min, then performing incremental gradient deformation rolling treatment on a rolling mill, wherein the rolling pressure is 500T, the rolling speed is 3m/s, the rolling deformation of the first pass is 10%, the rolling deformation of the second pass is 20%, the rolling deformation of the third pass is 30%, each pass of rolling gap is used for placing the plate in the heating furnace at 1000 ℃ for heat preservation for 10min, and finally air cooling the plate to room temperature after the rolling of the first pass is finished, so that a semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate with the total rolling deformation of 60% is obtained;
and thirdly, placing the semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for heat preservation for 120min for annealing treatment, then air-cooling to room temperature, polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and air-drying the surface of the titanium-based composite material plate after annealing treatment, and obtaining the finished titanium-based composite material plate with the thickness of about 4 mm.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the low cost titanium matrix composite sheet prepared in example 1 of the present invention has a good and flawless appearance.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the reinforcing phase in the low-cost titanium-based composite sheet material prepared in example 1 of the present invention is uniformly distributed.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the low-cost titanium-based composite material plate prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has good room-temperature tensile property, the room-temperature tensile strength is 584MPa, the elongation after break is 17%, and good strong plastic matching is realized.
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the titanium-based composite material has a high purity Cr3C2 powder added thereto in an amount of 6% by weight, and the other is the same as in example 1.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, batching, smelting, preparing cast ingots, and cutting to obtain a titanium-based composite slab, wherein the raw materials comprise high-purity Cr3C2 powder accounting for 2% -6% of the total weight, and the balance of 0-grade titanium sponge particles;
polishing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing the surface of the titanium-based composite material slab, coating a high-temperature oxidation-resistant coating on the surface of the slab, performing incremental gradient deformation hot rolling treatment on the slab, and air-cooling the plate to room temperature after hot rolling to obtain a semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate;
and thirdly, annealing the semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate, polishing the surface of the plate after annealing, alkali washing, acid washing and airing to obtain the finished titanium-based composite material plate.
2. The method for preparing the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate, which is characterized in that: the purity of the 0-grade titanium sponge is more than or equal to 99.97%, the particle size of the 0-grade titanium sponge particles is 2-10mm, the purity of the Cr3C2 powder is more than or equal to 99.95%, and the particle size of the Cr3C2 powder is 0.325mm.
3. The method for preparing the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate, which is characterized in that: in the first step, a vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace is adopted to smelt the titanium-based composite material, and the interior of the smelting furnace is pumped to the vacuum degree of 3-5 multiplied by 10 before smelting -3 Pa, and filling argon gas for atmosphere protection; the power of an induction power supply in smelting is 200-400kW, the smelting time is 20-40min, and the alloy is cooled to room temperature after smelting to obtain the titanium-based composite material cast ingot.
4. A method for producing a low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite sheet material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: in the second step, the rolling treatment process of the incremental gradient deformation is as follows, the rolling pressure is 500T, and the rolling speed is 3m/s; the first rolling deformation is 10%, the second rolling deformation is 20%, the third rolling deformation is 30%, the plate is placed in a heating furnace at 1000 ℃ for heat preservation for 10min before each pass, and the plate is air-cooled to room temperature after the last fire rolling is finished, so that the semi-finished titanium-based composite plate with the total rolling deformation of about 60% is obtained.
5. The method for preparing the low-cost high-performance titanium-based composite material plate, which is characterized in that: in the third step, the semi-finished titanium-based composite material plate is placed in a heating furnace at 600 ℃ for 120min for annealing treatment, and then air cooling is carried out to room temperature, so that the titanium-based composite material plate is obtained.
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