CN117359023B - Compressing and positioning device and method for gear shaping cutter and numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Compressing and positioning device and method for gear shaping cutter and numerical control machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117359023B
CN117359023B CN202311668675.9A CN202311668675A CN117359023B CN 117359023 B CN117359023 B CN 117359023B CN 202311668675 A CN202311668675 A CN 202311668675A CN 117359023 B CN117359023 B CN 117359023B
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China
Prior art keywords
positioning
positioning sleeve
driving
gear
compaction
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CN117359023A (en
Inventor
任泊铭
徐义
王磊
黄升莉
朱林
吴昊龙
胡鹏鹏
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Jinzhou Jinggong Technology Kunshan Co ltd
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Jinzhou Jinggong Technology Kunshan Co ltd
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Publication of CN117359023A publication Critical patent/CN117359023A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/062Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a compaction positioning device of a gear shaping cutter, a method thereof and a numerical control machine tool, wherein the compaction positioning device comprises a positioning mechanism, a limiting mechanism and a compaction release mechanism; the numerical control machine tool comprises a workbench, a processing device, a control system and a compaction positioning device, wherein the processing device, the control system and the compaction positioning device are arranged on the workbench; according to the invention, the adjustable positioning mechanism is arranged on the compaction positioning device, so that positioning of the gear shaping cutters with different specifications is realized, and the compaction arm matched with the compaction release mechanism forms a triangular fixing structure, so that automatic stable clamping of the gear shaping cutters is ensured, and the gear shaping cutter is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost; the numerical control machine tool with the pressing device can move upwards at X, Y, Z through setting the pressing positioning device, and is arranged at a machining device and a dust collection device at the side of the pressing positioning device, and automatic clamping and fixing and automatic machining of the gear shaping cutter are realized through a control system, so that the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Compressing and positioning device and method for gear shaping cutter and numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a compressing and positioning device of a gear shaping cutter, a method for fixing the gear shaping cutter by the device and a numerical control machine tool with the device.
Background
The gear cutter with high use frequency is analyzed from the principle of the gear shaping process, the gear cutter is essentially a gear with front and rear angles and cutting edges, the gear cutter and a workpiece are kept in correct meshing relation, the gear cutter reciprocates once, and the arc length of the workpiece rotating on a dividing circle relative to the cutter is the circumferential feed amount during processing, so that the meshing process of the cutter and the workpiece is the circumferential feed process. The gear shaper cutter is composed of a mounting hole and a disk-shaped structure, and cutting edges of the gear shaper cutter are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the disk-shaped structure.
When the existing gear shaping cutter is used for machining a cutting edge, the gear shaping cutter is usually fixed on a numerical control machine by using a locking bolt to be matched with a jig, but because mounting holes of gear shaping cutters with different specifications have different inner diameters, a plurality of sets of positioning jigs are required to be matched for use; in addition, the bolt locking mode is adopted to cause that the bolts are required to be locked and disassembled once for each processing, so that the production efficiency is low, and the bolts are required to be replaced after being used for multiple times to avoid locking failure, so that the production cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the two aims of the compaction positioning device and the numerical control machine tool with the compaction positioning device are provided, one of the two aims is to provide the compaction positioning device of the gear shaping cutter and the working method of the device, the positioning of the gear shaping cutters with different specifications is realized by arranging the adjustable positioning mechanism, the automatic compaction and fixation of the gear shaping cutter are realized by matching with the compaction positioning device, and the automatic compaction and fixation of the gear shaping cutter are realized, so that the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low; the invention further aims to provide a numerical control machine tool with the device, and the device is characterized in that the pressing and positioning device is arranged at the side of the device and is adjustable in position, and the automatic machining after automatic clamping and positioning is realized through a control system, so that the production efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a compression positioning device of a gear shaper cutter, comprising:
the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning sleeve, and a long slot hole is formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve;
the limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of arc plates arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve and an arc plate driving assembly used for driving the arc plates to reciprocate along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve;
the compression release mechanism is arranged in the positioning sleeve and comprises a compression assembly, a radial driving assembly and an axial driving assembly;
the pressing component comprises a pressing arm and a movable piece, the pressing arm is arranged corresponding to the long slot hole, the movable piece is arranged along the axis of the positioning sleeve, the pressing arm is provided with an inner end and an outer end, the inner end of the pressing arm is rotatably connected with the movable piece, and the outer end of the pressing arm is driven by the radial driving component to rotate around the inner end of the pressing arm so that the outer end of the pressing arm stretches out of or retracts into the positioning sleeve; the axial driving component is used for driving the movable piece to reciprocate along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the positioning mechanism also comprises a mounting seat arranged at one end of the positioning sleeve and a first driving motor in transmission connection with the mounting seat, wherein the first driving motor is used for driving the positioning sleeve to rotate around the axis of the positioning sleeve; the two or more long slot holes are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the positioning sleeve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the limiting mechanism is arranged near one end of the mounting seat, the arc plates are arranged in a ring array, the arc plate driving assembly comprises a plurality of first electric telescopic rods which are arranged corresponding to the arc plates, one end of each first electric telescopic rod is in transmission connection with the concave surface of the corresponding arc plate, and the other end of each first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve.
As a further improvement of the invention, the radial driving component is arranged on one end of the movable piece, which is close to the mounting seat, and is arranged corresponding to the long slot hole on the positioning sleeve;
the radial driving assembly comprises a second electric telescopic rod arranged on the movable piece, and a guide chute is arranged at one end of the second electric telescopic rod, which is far away from the movable piece.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner end of the pressing arm is movably connected with the movable piece through a first rotating shaft, and the outer end of the pressing arm is slidably connected with the guide chute through a sliding fitting.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sliding accessory comprises a second rotating shaft penetrating through the guide chute and two connecting blocks respectively arranged at two ends of the second rotating shaft; the outer end of the pressing arm faces to one side of the radial driving assembly and is fixedly connected with the side walls of the two connecting blocks.
As a further improvement of the invention, the axial driving assembly comprises a positioning piece fixedly arranged at the other end of the positioning sleeve and a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the positioning piece and used for driving the movable piece to reciprocate along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve;
one end of the movable piece is movably connected with the mounting seat through a telescopic rod, and the other end of the movable piece is in transmission connection with the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.
In order to achieve the other object, the present invention provides a method for fixing a gear shaper cutter by using the compressing and positioning device, comprising the following steps:
step 1, restoring the initial state of the device: namely, the arc-shaped plate of the limiting mechanism is close to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve, and the compression arm of the compression assembly is positioned in the positioning sleeve;
step 2, loading the gear shaping cutter into the device: sleeving the gear shaping cutter on the positioning sleeve, and arranging mounting holes on the positioning sleeve on the outer peripheral surface of a supporting surface formed by a plurality of arc plates;
step 3, fixing the central position of the gear shaping cutter: the arc-shaped plate driving assembly drives the arc-shaped plates to be outwards opened along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve so as to be far away from the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve, so that the cambered surfaces of the arc-shaped plates are close to and tightly prop against the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole, and the center of the gear shaping cutter is fixed;
step 4, compacting the side surface position of the gear shaping cutter: the radial driving assembly drives the pressing arm to rotate relative to the inner end of the pressing arm, the pressing arm extends out of the positioning sleeve through the long groove hole in the positioning sleeve, and then the axial driving assembly drives the movable piece to drive the pressing arm to approach and press the side face of the gear shaper cutter, so that the side face of the gear shaper cutter is pressed, and the gear shaper cutter is fixed.
In order to achieve the other object, the invention provides a numerical control machine tool with a compressing and positioning device, which comprises a workbench, wherein a processing device, a control system and the compressing and positioning device are arranged on the workbench;
the compressing and positioning device is movably connected with the workbench through a moving assembly, and the moving assembly is used for driving the compressing and positioning device to drive the gear shaping cutter to move upwards at X, Y, Z;
the machining device is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench through a supporting part and comprises a third electric telescopic rod which faces one side of the workbench and is arranged on the supporting part along the horizontal direction, and a machining driving assembly for driving the third electric telescopic rod to rotate around the axis of the third electric telescopic rod, and the free end of the third electric telescopic rod is connected with a machining cutter;
the control system is arranged on the workbench and used for controlling the cooperative action between the compressing and positioning device and the processing device so as to complete compressing and fixing of the gear shaping cutter and processing operation.
As a further improvement of the invention, the moving assembly comprises an X-direction screw rod arranged on the workbench along the X direction, a moving bracket movably connected with the X-direction screw rod, a Y-direction screw rod arranged on the moving bracket along the Y direction, and a fourth electric telescopic rod movably connected with the Y-direction screw rod and arranged along the Z direction, wherein the compressing and positioning device is fixedly connected with the fourth electric telescopic rod through a mounting block;
the moving assembly further comprises a first positive and negative motor used for driving the X-direction screw rod to rotate and a second positive and negative motor used for driving the Y-direction screw rod to rotate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the processing driving assembly comprises a second driving motor which is arranged on the supporting part at the side away from the workbench along the horizontal direction, a driving gear which is in transmission connection with the second driving motor, and a driven gear which is meshed with the driving gear.
As a further improvement of the invention, the driven gear is sleeved on the driven gear shaft in a hollow way through a bushing, the driven gear can rotate around the driven gear shaft, the bushing is embedded on the supporting part, and the other end of the third electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the driven gear shaft.
As a further improvement of the invention, the numerical control machine tool further comprises an operation box, the workbench, the processing device and the control system are accommodated in the operation box, a dust collection device is arranged in the operation box, the dust collection device is arranged close to the other side of the workbench and comprises a negative pressure pump arranged at the top of the operation box and a dust collection box arranged at the outer side of the operation box, one end, close to the opening side of the operation box, of the negative pressure pump is provided with an air outlet pipe, one end, away from the opening side, of the negative pressure pump is provided with an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is communicated with the dust collection box through a connecting pipe penetrating through the side wall of the operation box, and a filter screen is arranged at the position, close to the outlet, of the dust collection box.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the adjustable positioning mechanism is arranged to position the gear shaping cutters with different specifications, and the pressing arm of the pressing release mechanism is matched to form a triangular fixing structure, so that the automatic stable clamping of the gear shaping cutters is ensured, and the gear shaping cutter is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost;
2. through setting up the clamping and positioning device to can upwards remove at X, Y, Z to and arrange processingequipment and dust extraction in its side, and realize the automatic processing of the self-holding of gear shaping sword fixed through control system, thereby processing cutter of processingequipment sets up to the position adjustable and takes place to interfere with processing cutter when avoiding tearing open, adorning the gear shaping sword, improvement production efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a compressing and positioning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state that a clamping positioning device clamps a cutter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the compressing and positioning device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 3A according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exploded construction of the compression release mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the numerical control machine of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a numerical control machine tool of the present invention without an operation box and a dust collector;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection state of the compressing and positioning device and the workbench;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a compacting and positioning device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a processing apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the dust suction device of the present invention.
The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
100. a gear shaping cutter; 1001. a mounting hole; 1. a compacting and positioning device; 11. a positioning mechanism; 111. positioning a sleeve; 1111. a long slot; 112. a mounting base; 113. a first driving motor; 12. a limiting mechanism; 121. an arc-shaped plate; 122. a first electric telescopic rod; 13. a compression release mechanism; 131. a compression assembly; 1311. a movable member; 1312. a hold-down arm; 1313. a first rotating shaft; 1314. a slide fitting; 13141. a second rotating shaft; 13142. a connecting block; 132. a radial drive assembly; 1321. a second electric telescopic rod; 1322. a guide chute; 133. an axial drive assembly; 1331. a positioning piece; 1332. a hydraulic cylinder; 1333. a telescopic rod; 14. a moving assembly; 141. x-direction screw rod; 142. a movable support; 143. y-direction screw rod; 144. a fourth electric telescopic rod; 145. a mounting block; 146. a first reversible motor; 147. a second forward and reverse motor; 2. a work table; 3. a processing device; 31. a support member; 32. a third electric telescopic rod; 33. machining a driving assembly; 331. a second driving motor; 332. a drive gear; 333. a driven gear; 3331. a bushing; 3332. a driven gear shaft; 34. machining a cutter; 4. a control system; 5. an operation box; 6. a dust collection device; 61. a negative pressure pump; 611. an air outlet pipe; 612. an air inlet pipe; 613. a connecting pipe; 62. a dust collection box; 621. and (5) a filter screen.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of a compaction positioning apparatus 1 for a gear shaper cutter according to the present invention includes a positioning mechanism 11, a limiting mechanism 12 and a compaction release mechanism 13, and the automatic compaction and fixation of the gear shaper cutter 100 is completed through the cooperation of the three mechanisms.
The positioning mechanism 11 includes a positioning sleeve 111, a mounting seat 112 disposed at one end of the positioning sleeve 111, and a first driving motor 113 in transmission connection with the mounting seat 112, where the first driving motor 113 is used to drive the positioning sleeve 111 to rotate around its axis, and the first driving motor 113 adopts an ac servo motor of Nidec company, so that a certain driving force is achieved and meanwhile, the mechanism space is not occupied.
Meanwhile, a long slot 1111 is formed on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 111 along the axial direction thereof to provide a movement path for the pressing arm 1312 of the pressing and releasing mechanism 13; the long slot holes 1111 are provided with at least two long slot holes 1111 which are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 111; preferably, two long slots 1111 are provided and are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the central axis of the positioning sleeve 111. It will be appreciated that the pressing assembly 131 and the radial driving assembly 132 of the pressing release mechanism 13 are provided with two corresponding long slots 1111, so that the side surface of the gear shaper cutter 100 positioned on the positioning sleeve 111 is pressed with center symmetry, so that the gear shaper cutter 100 is fixed.
Further, the limiting mechanism 12 includes a plurality of arcuate plates 121 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the positioning sleeve 111, and an arcuate plate driving assembly for driving the plurality of arcuate plates 121 to reciprocate in the radial direction of the positioning sleeve 111. Wherein, stop gear 12 is close to the one end setting of mount pad 112, and a plurality of arc 121 are arranged with annular array's mode, and a circular is constituteed in the cross-section of a plurality of arc 121 to make the arcwall face of arc 121 can closely laminate with the inner peripheral wall of gear shaping sword 100's mounting hole 1001, reach the purpose of fixed gear shaping sword 100. The arc plate driving assembly comprises a plurality of first electric telescopic rods 122 which are correspondingly arranged with the arc plate 121, one ends of the first electric telescopic rods 122 are in transmission connection with the concave surfaces of the arc plate 121, and the other ends of the first electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve 111. That is, after the gear shaper cutter 100 enters through the mounting hole 1001 through the free end of the positioning sleeve 111 and is sleeved on the arc surface of the arc plate 121, the push rod of the first electric telescopic rod 122 pushes out to drive the arc plate 121 to be spread, so that the arc surface of the arc plate 121 is tightly propped against the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole 1001 of the gear shaper cutter 100, thereby fixing the gear shaper cutter 100 along the radial direction thereof, and the gear shaper cutter 100 has reached a certain fixing effect. In the embodiment provided herein, the first electric telescopic rod 122, the second electric telescopic rod 1321, and the third electric telescopic rod 32 all employ miniature servo cylinders from the timing robots company, which are small and power-efficient. The gear shaping cutter 100 with different aperture specifications can be positioned by arranging the limiting mechanism 12, so that the positioning jig does not need to be frequently replaced, the applicability of the compressing and positioning device is improved, and the accessory investment is reduced.
Further, in order to secure stability of the gear shaper cutter 100 during operations such as rotation during machining, polishing, etc., a hold-down release mechanism 13 is provided inside the positioning sleeve 111. The compaction release mechanism 13 includes a compaction assembly 131, a radial driving assembly 132 and an axial driving assembly 133, and through the cooperation actions of the three assemblies, the gear shaper cutter 100 can be guaranteed to be smoothly loaded into and unloaded from the positioning sleeve 111, and the side surface of the gear shaper cutter 100 loaded into the positioning sleeve 111 can be compacted and fixed, so that a stable triangle structure is formed with the limiting mechanism 12, the gear shaper cutter 100 is guaranteed to be effectively compacted and fixed, and looseness during machining is prevented.
Specifically, the compressing assembly 131 includes a movable member 1311 and a compressing arm 1312, where the movable member 1311 has a cylindrical structure, the axis of which coincides with the central axis of the positioning sleeve 111, the inner end of the compressing arm 1312 (i.e. the positioning end of the compressing arm) is movably connected to the movable member 1311 through a first rotating shaft 1313, and the outer end of the compressing arm (i.e. the free end of the compressing arm) is slidably connected to the guiding chute 1322 through a sliding fitting 1314; the sliding component 1314 includes a second shaft 13141 penetrating through the guide chute 1322, and two connection blocks 13142 disposed at two ends of the second shaft 13141, where the two connection blocks 13142 are disposed outside two sides of the opening of the guide chute 1322, respectively, for limiting the second shaft 13141 in the guide chute 1322. The side of the connection block 13142 facing the pressing arm 1312 is fixedly connected with the pressing arm 1312, and the connection between the two is spaced from the end of the outer end of the pressing arm, so as to prevent the side of the pinion cutter from interfering with the radial driving assembly when the triangle fixing structure is formed.
In addition, the central axes of the first and second shafts 1313 and 13141 are disposed perpendicular to the central axis of the movable member 1311, respectively, so that the push rod of the second electric telescopic rod 1321 of the radial driving assembly 132 is pushed out to slide the outer end of the pressing arm 1312 along the guide sliding groove 1322 while the inner end rotates around the first shaft 1313.
Further, the radial driving assembly 132 is disposed on an end of the movable member 1311 near the mounting seat 112, and includes a second electric telescopic rod 1321 disposed on the movable member 1311, and a guiding chute 1322 is disposed at an end of the second electric telescopic rod 1321 away from the movable member 1311.
The axial driving assembly 133 includes a positioning member 1331 fixedly provided on the other end of the positioning sleeve 111, and a hydraulic cylinder 1332 provided on the positioning member 1331 for driving the movable member 1311 to reciprocate in the axial direction of the positioning sleeve 111; one end of the movable piece 1311 is movably connected with the mounting seat 112 through a telescopic rod 1333, and the other end is in transmission connection with the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1332. That is, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder stretches and contracts to drive the movable piece 1311 to reciprocate in the positioning sleeve 111 along the axial direction of the movable piece 1311, two ends of the movable piece 1311 are respectively connected to the piston rod and the telescopic rod 1333, stability of the movable piece in the moving process is guaranteed, meanwhile, the moving path of the movable piece is guaranteed to be always on the central axis of the positioning sleeve 111, symmetry of the pressing arm is guaranteed, and the pressing and fixing effects are improved.
Based on the compaction positioning device 1 of the gear shaper, the invention provides a method for fixing the gear shaper by adopting the compaction positioning device 1, which comprises the following steps:
in the initial state, the arc-shaped plate 121 of the limiting mechanism 12 is contracted inwards along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve 111 to be close to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve 111, and the pressing arms 1312 of the pressing assembly 131 are retracted to the inside of the positioning sleeve 111;
firstly, the gear shaper cutter is put into the device, namely, the gear shaper cutter 100 is sleeved on the positioning sleeve 111, and the mounting holes 1001 on the gear shaper cutter are arranged on the annular supporting surface formed by the arc plates 121;
then, the push rod of the first electric telescopic rod 122 is opened outwards along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve 111 so as to push the arc surface of the arc plate 121 to approach and tightly press against the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole 1001, so as to fix the center of the tooth inserting knife 100;
then, the push rod of the second electric telescopic rod 1321 is pushed out along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve 111 to drive the outer end of the compressing arm 1312 to rotate around the inner end thereof, and extends out of the positioning sleeve 111 through the long slot 1111 on the positioning sleeve 111, and then the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1332 is pushed out to drive the movable piece 1311 to drive the outer end of the compressing arm 1312 to approach and compress the side position of the gear shaper cutter 100, so as to complete automatic compressing and fixing of the gear shaper cutter 100;
the above steps are cyclically performed to achieve automatic compression fixation of the pinion 100.
If the gear shaping cutter 100 finishes processing, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1332 contracts to enable the movable piece 1311 to drive the outer end of the pressing arm 1312 to be away from the side surface of the gear shaping cutter 100, and then the push rod of the second electric telescopic rod 1321 is retracted to enable the outer end of the pressing arm 1312 to be rotationally retracted around the inner end of the pressing arm 1312 to the inside of the positioning sleeve 111; the push rod of the synchronized first electric telescopic rod 122 is retracted to gather the arc-shaped plate 121 toward the center in the radial direction of the positioning sleeve 111, returning to the above-described initial state.
The present invention provides an embodiment of a numerical control machine tool with the compaction positioning apparatus 1, which comprises the compaction positioning apparatus 1, a workbench 2, a processing apparatus 3, a control system 4 and a dust collection apparatus 6 arranged in an operation box 5, based on the compaction positioning apparatus 1 of the gear shaper cutter, referring to fig. 6 to 11. The control system 4 is used for controlling the compacting and positioning device 1, the processing device 3, the dust collection device 6 and the cooperative operation among the components of the devices, meanwhile, the control system 4 also comprises a detection system for detecting whether the gear shaping cutter is compacted and fixed, and the control system 4 adopts the existing PLC control system, and the description of the invention is omitted.
Specifically, the compressing and positioning device 1 is movably connected with the workbench 2 through a moving component 14, and the moving component 14 is used for driving the compressing and positioning device 1 to drive the gear shaping cutter 100 to move upwards at X, Y, Z. The moving assembly 14 comprises an X-direction screw rod 141 arranged on the workbench 2 along the X direction, a moving bracket 142 movably connected with the X-direction screw rod 141, a Y-direction screw rod 143 arranged on the moving bracket 142 along the Y direction, a fourth electric telescopic rod 144 movably connected with the Y-direction screw rod 143 and arranged along the Z direction, and the compressing and positioning device 1 is fixedly connected with the fourth electric telescopic rod 144 through a mounting block 145. Wherein the mobile carriage 142 is in a "7" configuration, and the detection system is disposed on a vertical section of the mobile carriage 142 and in program communication with the control system 4.
In addition, in order to ensure the overall stability when the compressing and positioning device 1 moves, a containing groove is formed in the workbench 2 along the X direction of the workbench, one end of the X-direction screw rod 141 is rotatably connected with one end of the containing groove through a positioning bearing, the other end of the X-direction screw rod is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the first positive and negative motor 146, in addition, sliding grooves are respectively formed in the two side walls of the containing groove along the X direction, the bottom of the vertical section of the moving bracket 142 is in threaded connection with the X-direction screw rod 141, and sliding blocks matched with the sliding grooves are arranged on two sides close to the bottom so as to ensure the stability of the moving process of the moving bracket 142. Similarly, a sliding groove is formed in the lower side of the horizontal section of the movable support 142, one end of the Y-direction screw rod 143 is rotatably connected with one end of the sliding groove through a positioning bearing, the other end of the Y-direction screw rod is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the second positive and negative motor 147, the upper end of the fourth electric telescopic rod 144 is connected with a sliding block, the middle part of the sliding block is in threaded connection with the Y-direction screw rod 143, and meanwhile, the two ends of the sliding block are slidably matched in the sliding groove, so that the moving stability of the compressing and positioning device 1 is guaranteed.
Further, the machining device 3 is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench 2 through the supporting part 31, and comprises a third electric telescopic rod 32 facing one side of the workbench 2 and arranged on the supporting part 31 along the horizontal direction, and a machining driving assembly 33 for driving the third electric telescopic rod 32 to rotate around the axis of the third electric telescopic rod, wherein one end of the third electric telescopic rod 32 is connected with a machining tool 34 so as to drive the machining tool 34 to reciprocate along the X direction, thereby avoiding position interference of operators during disassembly and assembly of the gear shaping tool; the machining drive assembly 33 includes a second drive motor 331 provided on the support member 31 in a horizontal direction on a side facing away from the table 2, a driving gear 332 drivingly connected to the second drive motor 331, and a driven gear 333 meshed with the driving gear 332; the driven gear 333 is sleeved on the driven gear shaft 3332 through a bushing 3331, and can rotate around the driven gear shaft 3332, the bushing 3331 is embedded on the supporting member 31, and the other end of the third electric telescopic rod 32 is fixedly connected with the driven gear shaft 3332. The stability of the machining tool 34 in rotation can be ensured by an indirect drive.
Further, a dust suction device 6 is provided near the other side of the table 2 for cleaning dust generated during the machining operation. The dust collection device 6 comprises a negative pressure pump 61 arranged at the top of the operation box 5 and a dust collection box 62 arranged at the outer side of the operation box 5, wherein an air outlet pipe 611 is arranged at one end, close to the opening side of the operation box 5, of the negative pressure pump 61, an air inlet pipe 612 is arranged at one end, away from the opening side, of the negative pressure pump 61, the air inlet pipe 612 is communicated with the dust collection box 62 through a connecting pipe 613 penetrating through the side wall of the operation box 5, and a filter screen 621 is arranged at the position, close to a dust collection opening, of the dust collection box 62.
The negative pressure pump 61 is started, so that the air outlet pipe 611 conveys air to the upper part of the workbench 2, the air inlet pipe 612 sucks air to absorb flying air on the workbench 2 and sends the flying air into the dust box 62 through the connecting pipe 613, and the filter screen 621 facilitates dissipation of the air entering the dust box 62 and prevents dust from overflowing into the environment.
In summary, the compressing and positioning device and the working method of the gear shaping cutter and the numerical control machine tool with the device provided by the invention have the advantages that the compressing and positioning device realizes the positioning of the gear shaping cutters with different specifications by arranging the adjustable positioning mechanism, and the compressing arm matched with the compressing and releasing mechanism forms a triangle fixing structure, so that the automatic stable clamping of the gear shaping cutter is ensured, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; the numerical control machine tool with the pressing device can move upwards at X, Y, Z through setting the pressing positioning device, and is arranged at a machining device and a dust collection device at the side of the pressing positioning device, and automatic clamping and fixing and automatic machining of the gear shaping cutter are realized through a control system, so that the production efficiency is improved.
In the above description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The foregoing description is only of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which can be practiced in many other ways than as described herein, so that the invention is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed above. While the foregoing disclosure has been described with reference to certain embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. Any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter, characterized in that the compaction positioning apparatus (1) comprises:
the positioning mechanism (11) comprises a positioning sleeve (111), and a long slotted hole (1111) is formed in the side wall of the positioning sleeve (111) along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve;
the limiting mechanism (12) comprises a plurality of arc plates (121) arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve (111), and an arc plate driving assembly used for driving the arc plates (121) to reciprocate along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve (111);
the compression release mechanism (13) is arranged in the positioning sleeve (111) and comprises a compression assembly (131), a radial driving assembly (132) and an axial driving assembly (133);
the pressing assembly (131) comprises a pressing arm (1312) which is arranged corresponding to the long slot hole (1111) and a movable piece (1311) which is arranged along the axis of the positioning sleeve (111), the pressing arm (1312) is provided with an inner end and an outer end, the inner end of the pressing arm (1312) is rotatably connected with the movable piece (1311), and the outer end of the pressing arm (1312) rotates around the inner end of the pressing arm by the driving of the radial driving assembly (132) so that the outer end of the pressing arm (1312) stretches out or retracts into the positioning sleeve (111); the axial driving assembly (133) is used for driving the movable piece (1311) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve (111);
the radial driving assembly (132) comprises a second electric telescopic rod (1321) arranged on the movable piece (1311), one end, away from the movable piece (1311), of the second electric telescopic rod (1321) is provided with a guide chute (1322), and the outer end of the pressing arm (1312) is in sliding connection with the guide chute (1322) through a sliding fitting (1314).
2. The compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism (11) further comprises a mounting seat (112) arranged at one end of the positioning sleeve (111) and a first driving motor (113) in transmission connection with the mounting seat (112), wherein the first driving motor (113) is used for driving the positioning sleeve (111) to rotate around the axis of the positioning sleeve; at least two long groove holes (1111) are formed, and the at least two long groove holes (1111) are symmetrically formed on the side wall of the positioning sleeve (111).
3. The compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 2, wherein: the limiting mechanism (12) is close to one end of the mounting seat (112), a plurality of arc plates (121) are arranged in a ring-shaped array mode, the arc plate driving assembly comprises a plurality of first electric telescopic rods (122) which are arranged corresponding to the arc plates (121), one ends of the first electric telescopic rods (122) are in transmission connection with concave surfaces of the arc plates (121), and the other ends of the first electric telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve (111).
4. A compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 3, wherein: the radial driving component (132) is arranged on one end of the movable piece (1311) close to the mounting seat (112) and corresponds to the long groove hole (1111) on the positioning sleeve (111).
5. The compaction positioning apparatus (1) of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 4, wherein: the inner end of the pressing arm (1312) is movably connected with the movable piece (1311) through a first rotating shaft (1313).
6. The compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 5, wherein: the sliding fitting (1314) comprises a second rotating shaft (13141) penetrating through the guide chute (1322) and two connecting blocks (13142) respectively arranged at two ends of the second rotating shaft (13141); the outer ends of the pressing arms (1312) are fixedly connected with the side walls of the two connecting blocks (13142) towards one side of the radial driving assembly (132).
7. The compaction positioning apparatus of a gear shaper cutter according to claim 6, wherein: the axial driving assembly (133) comprises a positioning piece (1331) fixedly arranged on the other end of the positioning sleeve (111), and a hydraulic cylinder (1332) arranged on the positioning piece (1331) and used for driving the movable piece (1311) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve (111);
one end of the movable piece (1311) is movably connected with the mounting seat (112) through a telescopic rod (1333), and the other end of the movable piece is in transmission connection with the end part of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (1332).
8. A method of securing a slotting cutter using a compression positioning apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising the steps of:
step 1, restoring the initial state of the device: namely, the arc-shaped plate (121) of the limiting mechanism (12) is close to the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve (111), and the pressing arm (1312) of the pressing assembly (131) is positioned in the positioning sleeve (111);
step 2, loading the gear shaping cutter (100) into the device: sleeving the gear shaping cutter (100) on the positioning sleeve (111), and arranging mounting holes (1001) on the positioning sleeve on the outer peripheral surface of a supporting surface formed by a plurality of arc plates (121);
step 3, fixing the central position of the gear shaping cutter (100): the arc-shaped plate driving assembly drives the arc-shaped plates (121) to be outwards opened along the radial direction of the positioning sleeve (111) so as to be far away from the outer peripheral surface of the positioning sleeve (111), so that the cambered surfaces of the arc-shaped plates (121) are close to and tightly prop against the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole (1001), and the center of the gear shaping cutter (100) is fixed;
step 4, compacting the side surface position of the gear shaping cutter (100): firstly, the radial driving component (132) drives the compressing arm (1312) to enable the outer end of the compressing arm to rotate relative to the inner end of the compressing arm, the compressing arm extends out of the positioning sleeve (111) through the long slot (1111) on the positioning sleeve (111), then the axial driving component (133) drives the movable piece (1311) to drive the compressing arm (1312) to enable the compressing arm to approach and compress the side face of the gear shaper cutter (100), and the side face of the gear shaper cutter (100) is compressed, so that the gear shaper cutter (100) is fixed.
9. A digit control machine tool, characterized in that: the numerical control machine tool comprises a workbench (2), wherein a processing device (3), a control system (4) and the compaction positioning device (1) of any one of claims 1 to 7 are arranged on the workbench (2);
the compressing and positioning device (1) is movably connected with the workbench (2) through a moving assembly (14), and the moving assembly (14) is used for driving the compressing and positioning device (1) to drive the gear shaping cutter (100) to move upwards at X, Y, Z;
the machining device (3) is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench (2) through a supporting part (31), and comprises a third electric telescopic rod (32) which faces one side of the workbench (2) and is arranged on the supporting part (31) along the horizontal direction, and a machining driving assembly (33) for driving the third electric telescopic rod (32) to rotate around the axis of the third electric telescopic rod, wherein the free end of the third electric telescopic rod (32) is connected with a machining tool (34);
the control system (4) is arranged on the workbench (2) and is used for controlling the cooperative action between the compaction positioning device (1) and the machining device (3) so as to complete compaction and fixation and machining operation of the gear shaping cutter (100).
10. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 9, wherein: the movable assembly (14) comprises an X-direction screw rod (141) arranged on the workbench (2) along the X direction, a movable support (142) movably connected with the X-direction screw rod (141), a Y-direction screw rod (143) arranged on the movable support (142) along the Y direction, and a fourth electric telescopic rod (144) movably connected with the Y-direction screw rod (143) and arranged along the Z direction, and the compression positioning device (1) is fixedly connected with the fourth electric telescopic rod (144) through a mounting block (145);
the moving assembly (14) further comprises a first positive and negative motor (146) used for driving the X-direction screw rod (141) to rotate and a second positive and negative motor (147) used for driving the Y-direction screw rod (143) to rotate.
11. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 9, wherein: the processing driving assembly (33) comprises a second driving motor (331) which is away from one side of the workbench (2) and is arranged on the supporting part (31) along the horizontal direction, a driving gear (332) which is in transmission connection with the second driving motor (331), and a driven gear (333) which is meshed with the driving gear (332).
12. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 11, wherein: the driven gear (333) is sleeved on the driven gear shaft (3332) in an empty mode through a lining (3331), the driven gear can rotate around the driven gear shaft (3332), the lining (3331) is embedded on the supporting part (31), and the other end of the third electric telescopic rod (32) is fixedly connected with the driven gear shaft (3332).
13. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 9, wherein: the numerical control machine tool further comprises an operation box (5), the workbench (2), the processing device (3) and the control system (4) are accommodated in the operation box (5), a dust collection device (6) is arranged in the operation box (5), the dust collection device (6) is close to the other side of the workbench (2), the dust collection device comprises a negative pressure pump (61) arranged at the top of the operation box (5) and a dust collection box (62) arranged on the outer side of the operation box (5), one end, close to the opening side of the operation box (5), of the negative pressure pump (61) is provided with an air outlet pipe (611), one end, away from the opening side, of the operation box is provided with an air inlet pipe (612), the air inlet pipe (612) is communicated with the dust collection box (62) through a connecting pipe (613) penetrating through the side wall of the operation box (5), and the dust collection box (62) is provided with a filter screen (621) close to the outlet of the dust collection box.
CN202311668675.9A 2023-12-07 2023-12-07 Compressing and positioning device and method for gear shaping cutter and numerical control machine tool Active CN117359023B (en)

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