CN117349398A - GIS map data processing method, system, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and particularly discloses a GIS map data processing method, a system, equipment and a storage medium. The invention can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of GIS map data processing, simplify the data processing flow and data processing capacity, save labor cost and time cost and ensure the comprehensiveness and use convenience of GIS map data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and particularly relates to a GIS map data processing method, a GIS map data processing system, GIS map data processing equipment and a GIS map data storage medium.
Background
The geographic information system (GIS, geographic Information System) is a specific spatial information system, which is a technical system for collecting, storing, managing, calculating, analyzing, displaying and describing related geographic distribution data in the whole or part of the earth surface space under the support of a computer hard and software system. The GIS can realize various map view constructions of basic geographic information and is used as a window for accessing a geographic database to support inquiring, analyzing and editing the geographic information, integrates map visualization effect and geographic analysis functions with general database operation, and distinguishes the map visualization effect and geographic analysis functions from other information systems, thereby having important value in the aspects of event interpretation, prediction results, planning strategy and the like. The implementation and application of the GIS corresponding function depend on the processing of the prior geographic information, including vector map data processing, while the traditional vector map data processing method is finished by relying on manpower to a great extent, so that manpower and time are very consumed, and the processing efficiency and quality are still to be improved when facing complex vector map data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a GIS map data processing method, a GIS map data processing system, GIS map data processing equipment and a GIS map data storage medium, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a GIS map data processing method is provided, including:
acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, wherein the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities and spatial relations among the geographic entities, wherein the geographic entities are represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks;
performing data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data;
performing image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data, and receiving an editing instruction input by a user;
performing data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data;
performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data;
vector data compression is carried out on the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterization processing is carried out on the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data;
and calculating a query code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data in a space database after associating the target vector map data and the target grid map data with the query code.
In one possible design, the performing data format conversion and data cleansing processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data includes:
and converting the initial vector map data into vector map data with a set format, and deleting duplicate, missing and error data in the vector map data with the set format to obtain the preprocessed vector map data.
In one possible design, the performing data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data includes:
and performing graphic editing processing, node editing processing and graphic edge splicing and splicing processing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data.
In one possible design, the performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data includes:
carrying out geometric transformation on the edited vector map data by adopting an affine transformation method to obtain initial transformation vector map data;
and performing projective transformation processing on the initial transformed vector map data by adopting a numerical analysis transformation method to obtain transformed vector map data.
In one possible design, the compressing the vector data of the transformed vector map data to obtain the target vector map data includes:
and carrying out vector data compression on the transformed vector map data by adopting a vertical distance method to obtain target vector map data.
In one possible design, the rasterizing the target vector map data includes:
carrying out rasterization processing on vector points in target vector map data by adopting a preset rasterization formula, wherein the rasterization formula is that
Wherein (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point corresponding to the raster data, (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point in the vector data, (X) 0 ，Y 0 ) For the origin of coordinates in raster data, W and H are the width and height of a raster,representing a rounding operator;
carrying out rasterization on vector lines in the target vector map data by adopting an eight-direction rasterization method;
and carrying out rasterization processing on the vector surface in the target vector map data by adopting a boundary algebra method.
In one possible design, the calculating the query code based on the unique identification information includes:
and carrying out hash operation on the unique identification information by adopting a set hash function to obtain a corresponding message abstract, and taking the message abstract as a query code.
In a second aspect, a GIS map data processing system is provided, including an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, an execution unit, an editing unit, a transformation unit, a conversion unit, and an archiving unit, wherein:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a display unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, and the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks and spatial relations among the geographic entities;
the preprocessing unit is used for carrying out data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data;
the execution unit is used for carrying out image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data and receiving an editing instruction input by a user;
the editing unit is used for carrying out data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data;
the transformation unit is used for performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data;
the converting unit is used for compressing vector data of the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterizing the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data;
and the archiving unit is used for calculating the query code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data into the space database after being correlated with the query code.
In a third aspect, there is provided a GIS map data processing apparatus comprising:
a memory for storing instructions;
and a processor for reading the instructions stored in the memory and executing the method according to any one of the above first aspects according to the instructions.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the first aspects. Also provided is a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the first aspects.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention acquires the initial vector map data to perform data format conversion and data cleaning processing to obtain corresponding preprocessed vector map data to perform image correction GIS display, then performs data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to an editing instruction, performs geometric transformation, projection transformation and vector data compression on the edited vector map data to obtain target vector map data, converts the target vector map data into corresponding target grid map data, and finally associates the target vector map data with an inquiry code and stores the target grid map data into a space database, thereby realizing efficient and rapid GIS map data processing. The invention can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of GIS map data processing, simplify the data processing flow and data processing amount, save labor cost and time cost, and synchronously archive the vector map data into raster map data and correlate corresponding query codes, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and the use convenience of the GIS map data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the steps of the method of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a system in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the constitution of the apparatus in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be appreciated that the term "coupled" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in the embodiments can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, a system may be shown in block diagrams in order to avoid obscuring the examples with unnecessary detail. In other embodiments, well-known processes, structures, and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the embodiments.
Example 1:
the present embodiment provides a GIS map data processing method, which can be applied to a corresponding GIS map data processing server, as shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, wherein the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks and spatial relations among the geographic entities.
In the specific implementation, the map tracking digitization mode and the map scanning digitization mode can be adopted to acquire initial vector map data from corresponding data sources, or the required initial vector map data is directly acquired from the corresponding data sources, and unique identification information is given to the acquired initial vector map data so as to distinguish the initial vector map data from subsequent processing results. The initial vector map data includes a number of geographic entities and spatial relationships between the geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces, and tokens.
S2, performing data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data.
In practical implementation, because of the difference between the definition and storage structure of the vector map data by different GISs (geographic information systems), the data format may be incompatible, so that the data format of the initial vector map data needs to be converted into a set format which can be processed by the GISs, such as Shapefile, geoJSON. And deleting repeated, missing and error data in the vector map data in the set format to obtain preprocessed vector map data, removing redundant space data and error space data through data cleaning, simplifying the data quantity, and improving the efficiency of subsequent data processing.
S3, performing image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data, and receiving an editing instruction input by a user.
In the specific implementation, the preprocessing vector map data is subjected to image correction and GIS system display, so that the displayed data and the real vector map data are associated and correspond. And then receiving an editing instruction input by a user so as to carry out subsequent vector map data editing processing according to the editing instruction.
S4, carrying out data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data.
In specific implementation, the data editing refers to editing processing of the digitized vector map data, and the main purpose is to correct the graph of the digitized vector map data while correcting data errors. And performing graphic editing processing, node editing processing and graphic edge splicing processing on the preprocessed vector map data by data editing to obtain edited vector map data. The graphic editing processing comprises deleting, adding, moving and rotating vector points, vector lines and vector surfaces in the vector map data; node editing comprises node anastomosis, node anastomosis with lines, false node deletion, corner deletion and addition, corner movement, arc section deletion and addition and subtraction, and the like; the graphic edge connection and splicing processing comprises the steps of cutting, splicing and merging the vector map data graphic. And finally obtaining the vector map data after interactive editing.
S5, performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data.
In the specific implementation, the edited vector map data can be geometrically transformed by adopting an affine transformation method to obtain initial transformed vector map data, and the affine transformation is characterized in that straight lines are still transformed, parallel lines are still transformed, the length ratios in different directions are changed, and when affine transformation is carried out, four or more points can be utilized for correction, and least square method processing is adopted to improve the transformation precision. The vector map data after the initial transformation can be subjected to projective transformation processing by adopting a numerical analysis transformation method, so as to obtain the vector map data after the transformation. Projective transformation is a process of transforming coordinates of one map projection point into coordinates of another map projection point, and is an important component of map projection and map drawing.
S6, compressing vector data of the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterizing the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data.
In specific implementation, vector data compression can be performed on the transformed vector map data by adopting a vertical distance method to obtain target vector map data. The vertical distance method is to sequentially take three points on a curve each time, calculate the vertical distance D between the middle point and the other two points, and compare the vertical distance D with a set limit difference D; if D < D, the intermediate point is removed, and if D > D, the intermediate point is reserved; the next three points are then sequentially taken and processing continues until the line ends. Redundant data can be removed through vector data compression, so that the data processing amount is reduced, and the processing efficiency of GIS vector map data is improved.
After the target vector map data is obtained, the target vector map data can be rasterized into corresponding target raster map data so as to ensure the comprehensiveness of GIS map data, and the vector data and the raster data have advantages and complement each other in a geographic information system. When the target vector map data is rasterized, a preset rasterization formula can be adopted to rasterize vector points in the target vector map data, wherein the rasterization formula is that
Wherein (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point corresponding to the raster data, (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point in the vector data, (X) 0 ，Y 0 ) For the origin of coordinates in raster data, W and H are the width and height of a raster,representing the rounding operator. The eight-direction rasterization method can be used for rasterizing vector lines in target vector map data, and according to the inclination angle condition of the vector, only one pixel is 'blacked' (a gray value different from background is given) on each row or each column, and the eight-direction rasterization method is characterized in that on the premise of keeping eight-direction communication, the raster image looks the thinnest, and different lines are not easy to adhere. The vector surface in the target vector map data can be subjected to rasterization processing by adopting a boundary algebra method, the filling value of the boundary algebra method is based on the idea of solving the polygon area by integration, the filling value of the upper line is the left polygon number minus the right polygon number, the filling value of the lower line is the right polygon number or the left polygon number, and the final filling attribute value is obtained by algebraic operation of each filling value and the original value at the position. The boundary algebra method can be used for converting vectors into grids by judging the relationship of the same boundary point by point. The face is filled by dynamically dividing each vibration lattice of the boundary by simple addition operation according to the topology information of the boundary. The precondition for realizing the boundary algebraic filling is that the topological relation of the boundary (isolated segment) of the constituent polygons, namely the left and right polygon numbers along the advancing direction of the boundary, is known.
S7, calculating an inquiry code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data which are both associated with the inquiry code into a space database.
In the implementation, the set hash functions, such as MD5, SHA-1, SHA-2, and the like, can be adopted to perform hash operation on the unique identification information to obtain a corresponding message digest, and the message digest is used as a query code. And then, the target vector map data and the target grid map data are both associated with the query code and then stored in a space database, so that when the GIS map data which are required to be queried and called later are processed, the corresponding unique identification information is utilized to carry out hash operation to obtain the query code, and then the query code is utilized to simultaneously call the target vector map data and the target grid map data from the space database for use, thereby ensuring the reliability and the comprehensiveness of the GIS map data call.
The method of the embodiment can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of GIS map data processing, simplify the data processing flow and data processing quantity, save labor cost and time cost, and simultaneously, convert vector map data into raster map data and correlate corresponding query codes for synchronous archiving, thereby ensuring the comprehensiveness and the use convenience of GIS map data.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a GIS map data processing system, as shown in fig. 2, including an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, an execution unit, an editing unit, a transformation unit, a conversion unit, and an archiving unit, where:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a display unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, and the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks and spatial relations among the geographic entities;
the preprocessing unit is used for carrying out data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data;
the execution unit is used for carrying out image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data and receiving an editing instruction input by a user;
the editing unit is used for carrying out data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data;
the transformation unit is used for performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data;
the converting unit is used for compressing vector data of the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterizing the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data;
and the archiving unit is used for calculating the query code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data into the space database after being correlated with the query code.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides a GIS map data processing apparatus, as shown in fig. 3, including, at a hardware level:
the data interface is used for establishing data butt joint between the processor and the data acquisition end and between the processor and the spatial database;
a memory for storing instructions;
and a processor for reading the instructions stored in the memory and executing the GIS map data processing method in the embodiment 1 according to the instructions.
Optionally, the device further comprises an internal bus. The processor and memory and data interfaces may be interconnected by an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, peripheral component interconnect standard) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, among others. The buses may be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc.
The Memory may include, but is not limited to, random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), flash Memory (Flash Memory), first-in first-out Memory (First Input First Output, FIFO), and/or first-in last-out Memory (First In Last Out, FILO), etc. The processor may be a general-purpose processor including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
Example 4:
the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the GIS map data processing method of embodiment 1. The computer readable storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, and may include, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a hard disk, a flash Memory, and/or a Memory Stick (Memory Stick), etc., where the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable system.
The present embodiment also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the GIS map data processing method of embodiment 1. Wherein the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A GIS map data processing method, comprising:
acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, wherein the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks and spatial relations among the geographic entities;
performing data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data;
performing image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data, and receiving an editing instruction input by a user;
performing data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data;
performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data;
vector data compression is carried out on the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterization processing is carried out on the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data;
and calculating a query code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data in a space database after associating the target vector map data and the target grid map data with the query code.
2. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the performing data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data includes:
and converting the initial vector map data into vector map data with a set format, and deleting duplicate, missing and error data in the vector map data with the set format to obtain the preprocessed vector map data.
3. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the performing data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data includes:
and performing graphic editing processing, node editing processing and graphic edge splicing and splicing processing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data.
4. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data includes:
carrying out geometric transformation on the edited vector map data by adopting an affine transformation method to obtain initial transformation vector map data;
and performing projective transformation processing on the initial transformed vector map data by adopting a numerical analysis transformation method to obtain transformed vector map data.
5. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the performing vector data compression on the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data includes:
and carrying out vector data compression on the transformed vector map data by adopting a vertical distance method to obtain target vector map data.
6. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the rasterizing the target vector map data includes:
carrying out rasterization processing on vector points in target vector map data by adopting a preset rasterization formula, wherein the rasterization formula is that
Wherein (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point corresponding to the raster data, (X, Y) is the coordinates of the vector point in the vector data, (X) 0 ，Y 0 ) For the origin of coordinates in raster data, W and H are the width and height of a raster,representing a rounding operator;
carrying out rasterization on vector lines in the target vector map data by adopting an eight-direction rasterization method;
and carrying out rasterization processing on the vector surface in the target vector map data by adopting a boundary algebra method.
7. The GIS map data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the query code based on the unique identification information includes:
and carrying out hash operation on the unique identification information by adopting a set hash function to obtain a corresponding message abstract, and taking the message abstract as a query code.
8. The GIS map data processing system is characterized by comprising an acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, an execution unit, an editing unit, a transformation unit, a conversion unit and an archiving unit, wherein:
the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a display unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring initial vector map data and unique identification information corresponding to the initial vector map data, and the initial vector map data comprises a plurality of geographic entities represented by vector points, vector lines, vector faces and marks and spatial relations among the geographic entities;
the preprocessing unit is used for carrying out data format conversion and data cleaning processing on the initial vector map data to obtain preprocessed vector map data;
the execution unit is used for carrying out image correction and GIS system display on the preprocessed vector map data and receiving an editing instruction input by a user;
the editing unit is used for carrying out data editing on the preprocessed vector map data according to the editing instruction to obtain edited vector map data;
the transformation unit is used for performing geometric transformation and projective transformation on the edited vector map data to obtain transformed vector map data;
the converting unit is used for compressing vector data of the transformed vector map data to obtain target vector map data, and rasterizing the target vector map data to obtain target raster map data;
and the archiving unit is used for calculating the query code according to the unique identification information, and storing the target vector map data and the target grid map data into the space database after being correlated with the query code.
9. A GIS map data processing apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a memory for storing instructions;
a processor for reading the instructions stored in the memory and executing the GIS map data processing method according to the instructions.
10. A computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the GIS map data processing method of any one of claims 1-7.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190130625A1 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-02 | Mapbox, Inc. | Expression Interpretation Engine for Computer Map Visualizations |
| CN109801219A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-24 | 广州时空位置网科学技术研究院有限公司 | GIS data bearing calibration and device towards Online Map superposition |
| CN115114356A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-27 | 河北平普数政科技有限公司 | Real-time decryption method based on vector data front-end display |
| CN115375868A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 阿里巴巴（中国）有限公司 | Map display method, remote sensing map display method, computing device and storage medium |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190130625A1 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-02 | Mapbox, Inc. | Expression Interpretation Engine for Computer Map Visualizations |
| CN109801219A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-24 | 广州时空位置网科学技术研究院有限公司 | GIS data bearing calibration and device towards Online Map superposition |
| CN115114356A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-27 | 河北平普数政科技有限公司 | Real-time decryption method based on vector data front-end display |
| CN115375868A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 阿里巴巴（中国）有限公司 | Map display method, remote sensing map display method, computing device and storage medium |
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