CN117330307B - Impact type mechanical product performance test stand - Google Patents
Impact type mechanical product performance test stand Download PDFInfo
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- CN117330307B CN117330307B CN202311625121.0A CN202311625121A CN117330307B CN 117330307 B CN117330307 B CN 117330307B CN 202311625121 A CN202311625121 A CN 202311625121A CN 117330307 B CN117330307 B CN 117330307B
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides an impact type mechanical product performance test stand. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand comprises: a drill rod; the sample material is arranged at the first end of the drill rod along the first direction and is configured to simulate the working environment of the drill rod; the impact device comprises an impact device main body, a first end and a second end, wherein the impact device main body is arranged at a second end, opposite to the first end, of the drill rod along a first direction, and the impact device main body is arranged in a reciprocating manner along the first direction between a first position and a second position; and a loading device configured to drive the impact device body such that the impact device body is responsive to a driving action of the loading device in a first position and moves to a second position and impacts the second end of the drill rod in the second position such that the first end of the drill rod impacts the sample material. The impact type mechanical product performance test bed provided by the disclosure can improve the space layout of the test bed.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a performance test stand for impact type mechanical products.
Background
The impact type mechanical product is an important component in the engineering machinery industry in China, and has wide application in the aspects of mineral deposit development, mountain construction, road construction, water conservancy construction, tunnel excavation, construction and combat readiness work, other earth and stone engineering and the like.
The performance parameters of the impact mechanical product mainly comprise impact energy, impact frequency, air consumption (aiming at pneumatic products), noise and other parameters, and the parameters mainly reflect the working efficiency and energy consumption indexes of the impact mechanical product in the use process, are mainly used for measuring the quality grade of equipment, and are also main indexes for comparing the quality of products of various manufacturers.
However, the spatial layout of the test bed for detecting these parameters remains to be optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an impact mechanical product performance test bed so as to improve the space layout of the test bed.
The present disclosure provides an impact type mechanical product performance test stand, comprising:
a drill rod;
a sample material disposed at a first end of the drill rod along a first direction and configured to simulate a working environment of the drill rod;
the impact device comprises an impact device main body, wherein the impact device main body is arranged at a second end, opposite to the first end, of the drill rod along the first direction, and the impact device main body is arranged in a reciprocating manner along the first direction between a first position and a second position; and
and a loading device configured to drive the impact device body to move the impact device body to the second position in the first position in response to the driving action of the loading device, and to impact the second end of the drill rod in the second position so that the first end of the drill rod impacts the sample material.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the impact device body includes:
a cylinder, the loading device configured to impact the cylinder of the impact device body in the first position to move the impact device body toward the second position;
a piston reciprocally disposed in the first direction with respect to the cylinder; and
an energy storage portion that stores or releases energy in response to movement of the piston relative to the cylinder in the first direction;
wherein the impact device body is configured such that in the second position the energy storage portion is capable of releasing energy to the piston to move the first end of the piston away from the cylinder to impact the drill rod.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the energy storage portion comprises a first spring, a first end of which acts on the cylinder, and a second end of which acts on the piston.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the impact device body includes:
a lock portion having a locked state in which the lock portion restricts movement of the piston relative to the cylinder so that the accumulator portion can maintain an accumulated state, and an unlocked state in which the lock portion and the piston are disengaged from each other so that the accumulator portion releases energy to the piston; and
and a state switching part operatively connected with the locking part, the state switching part having a first operating position in which the locking part is in the locked state and a second operating position in which the locking part is in the unlocked state, the state switching part being configured to switch from the first operating position to the second operating position in the second position.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, one of the locking portion and the piston is provided with a protrusion, and the other is provided with a recess, in the locked state the protrusion and the recess are engaged, in the unlocked state the protrusion and the recess are disengaged from each other.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the state switching portion is movably disposed with respect to the locking portion, the state switching portion has a first guide surface gradually approaching the piston from a first end toward a second end in a moving direction of the state switching portion, the state switching portion abuts against the locking portion through the first guide surface, and the locking portion approaches or moves away from the piston in response to the movement of the state switching portion to engage or disengage the convex portion and the concave portion with or from each other.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the locking portion has a second guiding surface, the first guiding surface and the second guiding surface are wedge surfaces with mutually matched shapes, and the first guiding surface abuts against the second guiding surface.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the impact device body includes:
a first reset portion configured to apply a force to the lock portion that keeps the lock portion in the locked state; and/or
And a second reset portion configured to apply a force to the state switching portion to bring the state switching portion to the first operation position.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the impact device includes an impact device blocking portion configured to block movement of the state switching portion and to clear the piston in the second position, the state switching portion being switched from the first operating position to the second operating position in response to a blocking action of the impact device blocking portion to release energy from the energy storage portion to the piston.
In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure,
the impact device includes a guide configured to guide movement of the impact device body in the first direction;
the impact device body includes a roller through which the impact device body moves on the guide portion.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, there is provided:
a speed sensor configured to detect a speed of movement of the piston toward the second end of the drill rod at the second position; and/or
And a strain sensor configured to detect strain generated by the drill rod being impacted by the piston.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the loading device comprises a pendulum that is swingably arranged with respect to the impact device body to impact and drive the impact device body in the first position.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the loading device includes a plurality of weights selectively mounted on the pendulum.
According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a power device is included, which is drivingly connected with the loading device and configured to drive the pendulum to oscillate against its own weight.
According to some embodiments of the disclosure, there is provided:
the power device is in driving connection with the loading device through the speed reducing mechanism; and/or
A clutch configured to maintain or cut off power transmission between the power device and the loading device; and/or
A brake configured to brake the loading device.
The impact device main body of the impact type mechanical product performance test bed provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have certain initial kinetic energy under the drive of the loading device, and compared with a commonly adopted free-falling type test bed, the impact device main body has smaller stroke required by reaching the same impact energy, so that the space occupied by the test bed in the height direction of the test bed is saved, and the optimization of the space layout is realized.
Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and do not constitute an undue limitation on the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main body of an impact device of the impact type mechanical product performance test stand shown in fig. 1.
In fig. 1 to 2, each reference numeral represents:
1. an impact device body; 10. a cylinder; 101. a cylindrical portion; 102. a striking base; 11. a piston; 12. a locking part; 120. a through hole; 121. a second guide surface; 13. a state switching unit; 131. a first guide surface; 14. a first reset section; 15. a second reset section; 16. a roller; 17. an energy storage seat; 18. a position adjustment unit; 19. an energy storage unit;
2. a loading device; 21. a pendulum; 22. a counterweight;
31. a speed reducing mechanism; 32. a brake; 33. a clutch; 34. a power device;
4. a base;
51. a guide part; 52. a percussion device blocking portion;
6. a drill rod;
7. a sample material;
8. a bracket;
9. a sample material barrier.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc. for defining components is merely for convenience in distinguishing corresponding components, and the terms are not meant to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure unless otherwise indicated.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present disclosure and to simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Referring to fig. 1-2, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an impact type mechanical product performance test stand comprising a shank 6, a sample material 7, an impact device and a loading device 2. The sample material 7 is arranged at a first end of the shank 6 in a first direction x and is configured to simulate the working environment of the shank 6. The percussion device comprises a percussion device body 1 arranged at a second end of a drill rod 6 opposite to the first end in a first direction x, the percussion device body 1 being reciprocally arranged in the first direction x between a first position and a second position. The loading device 2 is configured to drive the impact device body 1 such that the impact device body 1 is responsive to a driving action of the loading device 2 in a first position and moves to a second position and impacts a second end of the drill rod 6 in the second position such that the first end of the drill rod 6 impacts the sample material 7.
The impact device body 1 may simulate striking members of impact type mechanical products, such as the ram of a breaking hammer and a piling hammer. The impact device main body 1 of the impact mechanical product performance test bed provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have certain initial kinetic energy under the drive of the loading device 2, and compared with a commonly adopted free-falling type test bed, the impact device main body 1 has smaller stroke required for reaching the same impact energy, so that the space occupied by the test bed in the height direction of the test bed is saved, and the optimization of the space layout is realized.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the performance test stand for impact type mechanical products comprises a base 4, a drill rod 6, a sample material 7, an impact device and a loading device 2 are all arranged on the base 4, and the base 4 is used for providing support for the drill rod 6, the sample material 7, the impact device and the loading device 2. Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the first direction x is a horizontal direction, so as to further save the space occupied by the impact mechanical product performance test stand in a vertical direction, i.e. in a height direction of the test stand.
The sample material 7 is the object of action of the drill rod of the impact type mechanical product, such as a rock mass. Optionally, the impact type mechanical product performance test stand comprises a sample material blocking portion 9, the sample material blocking portion 9 being provided on a side of the sample material 7 remote from the first end of the drill rod 6 and acting as a support and a blocking for the sample material 7, so that the sample material 7 can be kept fixed with respect to the drill rod 6, whereby the first end of the drill rod 6 can stably transmit impact energy to the sample material 7.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the impact device body 1 includes a cylinder 10, a piston 11, and an accumulator 19. The loading device 2 is configured to strike the cylinder 10 of the impact device body 1 in the first position to move the impact device body 1 to the second position. The piston 11 is reciprocally disposed in a first direction x with respect to the cylinder 10. The accumulator 19 accumulates or releases energy in response to movement of the piston 11 relative to the cylinder 10 in the first direction x. Wherein the percussion device body 1 is configured in such a way that in the second position the energy accumulating portion 19 can release energy to the piston 11 to move the first end of the piston 11 away from the cylinder 10 to impact the drill rod 6.
In the above embodiment, during the test, the piston 11 may be moved in the first direction x relative to the cylinder 10 in advance, so that the energy storage portion 19 stores energy, and when the impact device body 1 is impacted by the loading device 2 in the first position and moves to the second position, the energy storage portion 19 can release energy to the piston 11, and the energy of the piston 11 impacting the drill rod 6 includes the kinetic energy generated by the driving of the piston 11 by the loading device 2 and the energy stored in the energy storage portion 19. Therefore, by providing the energy storage portion 19 capable of releasing energy to the piston 11, the piston 11 has additional energy for impacting the drill rod 6 when moving to the second position, the movement stroke required for driving the impact device body 1 of the loading device 2 can be designed smaller, which is beneficial to saving the floor space of the impact type mechanical product performance test stand.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the accumulator 19 comprises a first spring, a first end of which acts on the cylinder 10 and a second end of which acts on the piston 11.
Alternatively, the cylinder 10 includes a cylindrical portion 101 and a striking seat 102, the striking seat 102 being provided at a first end of the cylindrical portion 101 in the axial direction thereof and closing the first end, the striking action of the loading device 2 acting on the striking seat 102. The impact device main body 1 comprises an energy storage seat 17, the energy storage seat 17 is movably arranged in the cylindrical part 101 along the first direction x and is matched with the cylindrical part 101, a mounting hole is formed in the energy storage seat 17, one end of the piston 11 along the axial direction of the piston is detachably connected with the mounting hole in the energy storage seat 17, a first end of a first spring is connected with the striking seat 102, and a second end of the first spring is connected with the energy storage seat 17.
In the above embodiment, as the piston 11 moves in the first direction x relative to the cylinder 10, the length of the first spring changes, and accordingly the elastic potential energy of the first spring also changes, thereby accumulating or releasing energy.
In some embodiments, the impact device body 1 includes a lock portion 12 and a state switching portion 13. The lock portion 12 has a locked state in which the lock portion 12 restricts the movement of the piston 11 relative to the cylinder 10 so that the accumulator 19 can maintain the accumulator state, and an unlocked state in which the lock portion 12 and the piston 11 are disengaged from each other so that the accumulator 19 releases energy to the piston 11. The state switching portion 13 is operatively connected to the locking portion 12, the state switching portion 13 having a first operating position in which the locking portion 12 is in a locked state and a second operating position in which the locking portion 12 is in an unlocked state, the state switching portion 13 being configured to switch from the first operating position to the second operating position in the second position.
Alternatively, the impact device body 1 includes a plurality of locking portions 12 and a plurality of state switching portions 13 provided corresponding to the plurality of locking portions 12.
In the above embodiment, the state switching portion 13 is capable of switching between the first operating position and the second operating position to switch the locking portion 12 between the locked state in which the piston 11 is restrained by the locking portion 12, and the position of the piston 11 with respect to the cylinder 10 is maintained, and the accumulator 19 is maintained in the accumulator state, and the unlocked state in which the piston 11 is not restrained by the locking portion 12, and is capable of moving with respect to the cylinder 10, and the accumulator 19 is capable of releasing energy to the piston 11.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, one of the locking portion 12 and the piston 11 is provided with a convex portion and the other is provided with a concave portion, and in the locked state, the convex portion and the concave portion are engaged, and in the unlocked state, the convex portion and the concave portion are disengaged from each other.
Alternatively, the locking portion 12 and the state switching portion 13 are block-shaped members, the convex portion is an end portion of the locking portion 12 near the corresponding state switching portion 13, a groove is provided on the circumferential outer surface of the piston 11, and the concave portion is a groove. In some embodiments, not shown, the male portion is provided on the piston 11 and the female portion is provided on the locking portion 12.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the state switching portion 13 is movably disposed with respect to the locking portion 12, the state switching portion 13 has a first guide surface 131, the first guide surface 131 gradually approaches the piston 11 from a first end toward a second end in a moving direction of the state switching portion 13, the state switching portion 13 abuts against the locking portion 12 through the first guide surface 131, and the locking portion 12 approaches or moves away from the piston 11 in response to the movement of the state switching portion 13 to engage or disengage the convex portion and the concave portion with or from each other.
Alternatively, the movement direction of the state switching portion 13 is the axial direction of the piston 11, and the movement direction of the locking portion 12 is the radial direction.
In the above embodiment, the first guiding surface 131 drives the locking portion 12 away from or near the piston 11 by abutting against the locking portion 12, when the state switching portion 13 moves from the first end to the second end in the movement direction, the state switching portion 13 can drive the locking portion 12 away from the piston 11, so that the protruding portion and the recessed portion are separated from each other, the locking portion is in the unlocked state, and when the state switching portion 13 moves from the second end to the first end in the movement direction, the state switching portion 13 can drive the locking portion 12 to approach the piston 11, so that the protruding portion and the recessed portion are engaged.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the locking portion 12 has a second guide surface 121, and the first guide surface 131 and the second guide surface 121 are wedge surfaces with mutually matched shapes, and the first guide surface 131 abuts against the second guide surface 121.
Alternatively, the locking portion 12 is provided with a through hole 120, the state switching portion 13 movably passes through the through hole 120, and the second guide surface 121 is a part of the surface of the through hole 120.
In the above embodiment, the state switching portion 13 and the locking portion 12 are brought into surface-to-surface contact by the first guide surface 131 and the second guide surface 121, and the structure and the driving form are simple and reliable, so that the process of locking and unlocking the piston 11 by the locking portion 12 can be made stable and reliable.
In some embodiments, not shown, the first guide surface 131 and the second guide surface 121 may be other shaped surfaces as long as the locking portion 12 can be moved toward or away from the piston 11 in response to the movement of the state switching portion 13.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the impact device body 1 includes a first reset portion 14 and/or a second reset portion 15. The first reset portion 14 is configured to apply a force to the locking portion 12 to keep the locking portion 12 in the locked state. The second reset portion 15 is configured to apply a force to the state switching portion 13 that brings the state switching portion 13 into the first operating position.
Alternatively, the first restoring portion 14 includes a second spring, a first end of which acts on the locking portion 12, and a second end of which acts on the cylinder 10, so that a force holding the locking portion 12 in the locked state is an elastic force of the second spring. Alternatively, the second restoring portion 15 includes a third spring, a first end of which acts on the state switching portion 13, and a second end of which acts on the cylinder 10, so that a force of the state switching portion 13 in the first operating position is an elastic force of the third spring.
In some embodiments, the impact device includes an impact device blocking portion 52, the impact device blocking portion 52 being configured to block movement of the state switching portion 13 and clear the piston 11 in the second position, the state switching portion 13 being switched from the first operating position to the second operating position in response to a blocking action of the impact device blocking portion 52 to release energy from the energy storage portion 19 to the piston 11.
Alternatively, the impact device blocking portion 52 includes two baffles disposed at the second position, the two baffles being spaced apart to form a gap for avoiding the piston 11. Optionally, the impact device blocking portion 52 includes a baffle disposed at the second position, and a relief hole for relieving the piston 11 is provided on the baffle. Alternatively, in the first operating position, the state switching portion 13 is located partially or entirely outside the cylindrical portion 101 in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 101, so that the state switching portion 13 can be blocked by the impact device blocking portion 52 first.
In some embodiments, the impact device comprises a guide 51 configured to guide movement of the impact device body 1 in the first direction x. The impact device body 1 includes a roller 16, and the impact device body 1 moves on the guide 51 by the roller 16.
Alternatively, the guide 51 is a rail, and the above-mentioned first and second positions are located at a first end and a second end of the rail in the first direction x, respectively. Optionally, the impact device stop 52 is provided at a second end of the rail in the first direction x.
In the above embodiment, the guide portion 51 can guide the direction in which the piston 11 impacts the drill rod 6 by guiding the movement direction of the impact device body 1, thereby improving the repeatability of the test stand. The roller 16 can reduce the resistance when the impact device body 1 moves on the guide portion 51, thereby reducing the impact energy loss by reducing the kinetic energy loss of the piston 11.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the impact device body 1 includes a position adjustment portion 18, the position adjustment portion 18 being provided on the cylinder 10, the impact device body 1 being configured to move between a first position and a second position in response to a manipulation action of the position adjustment portion 18. The position adjustment portion 18 may be a handle.
In some embodiments, the impact type mechanical product performance test stand includes a speed sensor and/or a strain sensor. The speed sensor is configured to detect the speed of movement of the piston 11 towards the second end of the drill rod 6 in the second position. The strain sensor is configured to detect strain of the drill rod 6 due to impact of the piston 11.
Optionally, a speed sensor is provided at the second end of the guide rail in the first direction x, and the strain sensor is a strain gauge provided at the surface of the drill rod 6.
In the above embodiment, based on the detection result of the speed sensor and/or the strain sensor, the impact energy of the impact device main body 1 can be obtained, so as to provide a reference for the working efficiency and the energy consumption index of the impact mechanical product.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the loading device 2 includes a pendulum 21, the pendulum 21 being swingably disposed with respect to the impact device body 1 to impact and drive the impact device body 1 in the first position.
Optionally, the impact mechanical product performance test stand comprises a support 8, wherein the support 8 is arranged on the base 4, and the pendulum 21 is swingably arranged on the support 8.
In the above embodiment, the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum 21 can be used as an energy source to drive the impact device body 1 by swinging up and down.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the loading device 2 includes a plurality of weights 22, the plurality of weights 22 being selectively mounted on the pendulum 21.
In the above embodiment, one or more weights 22 may be installed on the pendulum 21, or no weights 22 may be installed, and the total weight of the loading device 2 may be adjusted, so that the impact device main body 1 may have different initial speeds in the first position, thereby meeting different test requirements.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the impact type mechanical product performance test stand includes a power device 34, the power device 34 being drivingly connected to the loading device 2 and configured to drive the pendulum 21 to oscillate against its own weight.
Referring to FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the impact type mechanical product performance test stand includes a reduction mechanism 31 and/or a clutch 33 and/or a brake 32. The power unit 34 is drivingly connected to the loading unit 2 via the reduction mechanism 31. The clutch 33 is configured to maintain or cut off the power transmission between the power device 34 and the loading device 2. The brake 32 is configured to brake the loading device 2.
Optionally, the power plant 34 comprises a hydraulic motor. Alternatively, the reduction mechanism 31 includes a gear transmission mechanism. Optionally, the power means 34, the clutch 33, the brake 32 and the loading means 2 are arranged in sequence along the transmission line.
In the above embodiment, the brake 32 and the clutch 33 are provided on the transmission line between the power unit 34 and the loading unit 2, the power unit 34 can drive the pendulum 21 to swing against the gravity to the preset position, and the pendulum 21 is braked and held at the preset position by the brake 32, and the clutch 33 can disengage the loading unit 2 from the power connection with the power unit 34, thereby enabling the pendulum 21 to swing freely downward.
The operation of the impact type mechanical product performance test stand of some embodiments of the present disclosure is further described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
The performance test stand for the impact mechanical product comprises an impact device main body 1, a loading device 2, a speed reducing mechanism 31, a brake 32, a clutch 33, a power device 34, a base 4, a guide part 51, an impact device blocking part 52, a drill rod 6, a sample material 7, a bracket 8, a sample material blocking part 9, a speed sensor and a strain sensor. The impact device body 1 includes a cylinder 10, a cylindrical portion 101, a striking seat 102, a piston 11, a lock portion 12, a state switching portion 13, a first reset portion 14, a second reset portion 15, a roller 16, an energy storage seat 17, a position adjusting portion 18, and an energy storage portion 19. The energy storage portion 19 includes a first spring. The loading device 2 comprises a pendulum 21 and a counterweight 22. The power plant 34 includes a hydraulic motor. The structure and function of the above components can be referred to in the foregoing description. The working process of the impact type mechanical product performance test bed is as follows.
1. The piston 11 is inserted into the mounting hole on the energy storage seat 17, the piston 11 and the energy storage seat 17 compress the first spring to store energy, and the convex part on the locking part 12 is matched with the concave part on the striking piston 11 under the action of the first resetting part 14, so that the piston 11 is locked.
2. The impact device body 1 is moved to a first end of the guide rail in the first direction x, i.e. the position where the pendulum 21 impacts the impact device body 1.
3. The hydraulic motor drives the speed reducing mechanism 31 to raise the pendulum 21 to a preset position against the gravity, and the stopper 32 brakes and holds the pendulum 21 at the preset position.
4. The clutch 33 cuts off the power transmission between the power device 34 and the pendulum 21, and the brake 32 releases the brake on the pendulum 21.
5. The pendulum 21 swings downward and strikes the impact device body 1.
6. The impact device body 1 moves in the first direction x on the guide rail at a certain speed after being struck by the pendulum 21.
7. When the impact device body 1 moves to the second end of the guide rail in the first direction x, the state switching portion 13 first hits the impact device blocking portion 52 and then moves in a direction toward the first end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 101, so that the convex portion on the locking portion 12 moves relative to the concave portion on the piston 11 and away from the piston 11, and the locking portion 12 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state.
8. After the locking part 12 is switched to the unlocking state, the piston 11 can impact the drill rod 6 at a certain speed under the action of the kinetic energy of the piston and the elastic potential energy of the first spring.
9. Parameters such as the speed of the piston 11, impact strain and the like are measured by a speed sensor and a strain sensor respectively, and further the impact energy of the impact device body 1 on the drill rod 6 is calculated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present disclosure and are not limiting thereof; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the disclosure or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features that are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the disclosure.
Claims (14)
1. An impact type mechanical product performance test stand, comprising:
a drill rod (6);
a sample material (7) disposed at a first end of the drill rod (6) along a first direction, configured to simulate a working environment of the drill rod (6);
the impact device comprises an impact device main body (1) which is arranged at a second end, opposite to the first end, of the drill rod (6) along the first direction, wherein the impact device main body (1) is arranged between a first position and a second position in a reciprocating manner along the first direction, and the impact device main body (1) comprises a cylinder body (10), a piston (11) and an energy storage part (19); and
-a loading device (2) configured to drive the percussion device body (1) such that the percussion device body (1) in the first position is responsive to a driving action of the loading device (2) and moves to the second position and in the second position impacts a second end of the drill rod (6) such that a first end of the drill rod (6) impacts the sample material (7);
wherein the loading device (2) is configured to impact the cylinder (10) of the impact device body (1) in the first position to move the impact device body (1) to the second position, the piston (11) being reciprocally disposed in the first direction with respect to the cylinder (10), an energy storage portion (19) storing or releasing energy in response to movement of the piston (11) in the first direction with respect to the cylinder (10);
the impact device body (1) is configured such that in the second position the energy storage portion (19) is capable of releasing energy to the piston (11) to move a first end of the piston (11) away from the cylinder (10) to impact the drill rod (6).
2. The impact type mechanical product performance test bed according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy storage section (19) comprises a first spring, a first end of which acts on the cylinder (10) and a second end of which acts on the piston (11).
3. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact device body (1) comprises:
a lock portion (12) having a locked state in which the lock portion (12) restricts movement of the piston (11) relative to the cylinder (10) to enable the accumulator portion (19) to maintain an accumulated state, and an unlocked state in which the lock portion (12) and the piston (11) are disengaged from each other to enable the accumulator portion (19) to release energy to the piston (11); and
a state switching part (13) operatively connected with the locking part (12), the state switching part (13) having a first operating position in which the locking part (12) is in the locked state and a second operating position in which the locking part (12) is in the unlocked state, the state switching part (13) being configured to switch from the first operating position to the second operating position in the second position.
4. A performance test bench for impact type mechanical products according to claim 3, characterized in that one of said locking portion (12) and said piston (11) is provided with a protrusion and the other is provided with a recess, said protrusion and said recess being engaged in said locked state and said protrusion and said recess being disengaged from each other in said unlocked state.
5. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to claim 4, characterized in that the state switching portion (13) is movably provided with respect to the lock portion (12), the state switching portion (13) has a first guide surface (131), the first guide surface (131) gradually approaches the piston (11) from a first end toward a second end in a moving direction of the state switching portion (13), the state switching portion (13) abuts against the lock portion (12) through the first guide surface (131), and the lock portion (12) approaches or moves away from the piston (11) in response to the movement of the state switching portion (13) to engage or disengage the convex portion and the concave portion from each other.
6. The impact mechanical product performance test bed according to claim 5, wherein the locking portion (12) has a second guiding surface (121), the first guiding surface (131) and the second guiding surface (121) are wedge surfaces with mutually matched shapes, and the first guiding surface (131) abuts against the second guiding surface (121).
7. A performance test bench for impact type mechanical products according to claim 3, characterized in that said impact device body (1) comprises:
a first reset portion (14) configured to apply a force to the lock portion (12) to maintain the lock state of the lock portion (12); and/or
And a second reset unit (15) configured to apply a force to the state switching unit (13) to bring the state switching unit (13) to the first operating position.
8. A performance test bench for impact type mechanical products according to claim 3, characterized in that the impact device comprises an impact device blocking part (52), the impact device blocking part (52) being configured to block the movement of the state switching part (13) and to avoid the piston (11) in the second position, the state switching part (13) being switched from the first working position to the second working position in response to the blocking action of the impact device blocking part (52) to release energy from the energy storage part (19) to the piston (11).
9. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to claim 1, wherein,
the percussion device comprises a guide portion (51) configured to guide the percussion device body (1) to move in the first direction;
the impact device body (1) comprises a roller (16), and the impact device body (1) moves on the guide part (51) through the roller (16).
10. The impact type mechanical product performance test bed according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
a speed sensor configured to detect a speed of movement of the piston (11) towards the second end of the drill rod (6) in the second position; and/or
And a strain sensor configured to detect strain generated by the drill rod (6) being impacted by the piston (11).
11. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the loading device (2) comprises a pendulum (21), the pendulum (21) being arranged swingably with respect to the impact device body (1) to impact and drive the impact device body (1) in the first position.
12. The impact type mechanical product performance test bed according to claim 11, wherein the loading device (2) comprises a plurality of weights (22), the plurality of weights (22) being selectively mounted on the pendulum (21).
13. The impact type mechanical product performance test stand according to claim 11, characterized by comprising a power device (34), said power device (34) being drivingly connected to said loading device (2) and configured to drive said pendulum (21) to oscillate against its own weight.
14. The impact type mechanical product performance test bed of claim 13, comprising:
the power device (34) is in driving connection with the loading device (2) through the speed reducing mechanism (31); and/or
A clutch (33) configured to maintain or cut off power transmission between the power device (34) and the loading device (2); and/or
A brake (32) configured to brake the loading device (2).
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| CN117330307A (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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