CN117318485A - Control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of flying capacitor - Google Patents
Control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of flying capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN117318485A CN117318485A CN202311006159.XA CN202311006159A CN117318485A CN 117318485 A CN117318485 A CN 117318485A CN 202311006159 A CN202311006159 A CN 202311006159A CN 117318485 A CN117318485 A CN 117318485A
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- flying capacitor
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- switching tube
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- pwm
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of a flying capacitor, which comprises the following steps: s1, initializing a system into a charging state; s2, judging whether the inductance current of the system is larger than a first set value, if so, judging that the direction is charging, and executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S3; s3, judging whether the inductance current of the system is smaller than a second set value, if so, judging that the direction is discharge, and then executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S4, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value; s4, judging whether the output of the flying capacitor Cfly loop reaches a set upper limit value UpLimit or a set lower limit value DnLimit, if so, forcibly changing the control direction of the flying capacitor Cfly, otherwise, executing the step S5 with the direction unchanged; s5, judging whether the direction is discharge, if so, executing S6 after reversing the direction, otherwise, directly executing S6; s6, PWM control is carried out through a PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of the pure KP. The invention effectively realizes the stability of the flying capacitor under various working conditions and ensures the safety of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, in particular to a control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of a flying capacitor.
Background
As the battery voltage of the power battery is higher, the conventional two-level Buckboost topology used for charging and discharging the battery has great difficulty in selecting the tube because the tube is voltage-resistant to be high-voltage side bus voltage, so the used topology also needs to be changed into three levels to reduce the requirement on the voltage-resistant capability of the tube.
The three-level Buckboost of the flying capacitor is realized by utilizing the voltage of the flying capacitor to realize that the withstand voltage of a pipe is always half of the voltage of a bus, but the voltage of the flying capacitor is not necessarily a stable half bus due to various interference factors of a system, so that the flying capacitor needs to be controlled by an additional design controller, and the three-level Buckboost topology of the flying capacitor is not basically used at present due to high control difficulty.
Based on the defects caused by the control method, the invention discloses a control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of a flying capacitor, which uses a control strategy combining logic judgment and loop control special treatment to ensure the stability of the flying capacitor, thereby realizing the stability of withstand voltage of a pipe and ensuring that the pipe cannot be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for setting real-time operation parameters of a solar photovoltaic inverter, which are used for overcoming the defects existing in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the control method of the flying capacitor three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow is realized based on a flying capacitor three-level Buckboost topology system, the topology system comprises switching tubes Q1-Q4, resistors R1-R4 and a flying capacitor Cfly, PWM (pulse width modulation) sizes of the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are equal and phase difference is 180 degrees, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q4 are complementary, the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3 are complementary, and the time sequence of the topology system running in each period is switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q2, switching tube Q1 and switching tube Q3, switching tube Q2 and switching tube Q4, and the control method comprises the following steps based on a double closed loop basis of a normal battery voltage outer loop and a battery current inner loop:
s1, initializing a system into a charging state;
s2, judging whether the inductance current of the system is larger than a first set value, if so, judging that the direction is charging, and executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S3;
s3, judging whether the inductance current of the system is smaller than a second set value, if so, judging that the direction is discharge, and then executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S4, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value;
s4, judging whether the output of the flying capacitor Cfly loop reaches a set upper limit value UpLimit or a set lower limit value DnLimit, if so, forcibly changing the control direction of the flying capacitor Cfly, otherwise, directly executing the step S5 with the direction unchanged;
s5, judging whether the direction is discharge, if so, executing S6 after reversing the direction, otherwise, directly executing S6;
s6, PWM control is carried out through a PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of the pure KP.
Further, the first set value in the step S2 is an absolute value of the current, the value thereof is 2A, and the second set value is-2A.
Further, the PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of the pure KP in step S6 is: after the fly voltage is set to deviate from the half-bus set voltage value, the corresponding PWM is limited to the PWM with the maximum limit of the set percentage, kp= (set percentage PWM)/set voltage value.
Further, the set voltage value is 50V, and the set percentage is 2%, at which time kp= (2% pwm)/50V.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention effectively realizes the stability of the flying capacitor under various working conditions, ensures the safe operation of the system, and ensures that the three-level Buckboost topology system of the flying capacitor can be normally applied.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a topology of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of the switch tube opening at run time of the system for each cycle.
Fig. 3 is a system energy flow diagram of the switching transistors Q1, Q2 of fig. 2 open.
Fig. 4 is a system energy flow diagram of the switching transistors Q1, Q3 of fig. 2 open.
Fig. 5 is a system energy flow diagram of the switching transistors Q1, Q2 of fig. 2 open.
Fig. 6 is a system energy flow diagram of the switching transistors Q2, Q4 of fig. 2 open.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of controlling fly capacitor three-level Buckboost bi-directional energy flow in accordance with the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method of the embodiment is implemented based on a three-level Buckboost topology system of a flying capacitor, the topology system comprises switching tubes Q1-Q4, resistors R1-R4 and a flying capacitor Cfly, a bus 1600V of the topology system is provided, a battery is 50-1500V, the purpose of the resistors R1-R4 is to precharge the flying capacitor Cfly, and the flying capacitor Cfly is charged to about half of the bus voltage before starting up, so that the switching tube of the embodiment can meet the requirements by selecting an IGBT with a withstand voltage of 1200V, and the IGBT with the withstand voltage of 1600V or higher is not required to be selected.
In the topology system, the PWM of the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are equal in size and 180 degrees in phase difference; the switching tubes Q1 and Q4 are complementary, and the switching tubes Q2 and Q3 are complementary; the normal working voltage of the flying capacitor Cfly is equal to half of the bus, and the purpose of introducing the flying capacitor Cfly is to keep the stress of the 4 switching tubes to be half of the bus. Now, taking the PWM of the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 as 75% and the system in the state that the bus charges the battery as an example, the operation sequence of the topology system will be described in detail: as shown in fig. 2, the time sequence of opening the tubes in the running process of the system in each period is sequentially shown as a switching tube Q1Q2, a switching tube Q1Q3, a switching tube Q1Q2 and a switching tube Q2Q4, and the energy flow diagrams of the system are shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. As can be seen from the figure, the flying capacitor Cfly is charged in the switching transistor Q1Q2, the flying capacitor Cfly is discharged in the switching transistor Q1Q3, and the flying capacitor Cfly is discharged in the switching transistor Q2Q 4. Normally, the voltage across the capacitor Cfly is stable. However, due to the differences in driving, IGBT tubes, etc., the voltage of the real flying capacitor will deviate, and an additional control loop is needed to regulate.
In this embodiment, during the charge or discharge phase, the flying capacitor Cfly is biased, and the control direction is reversed, because: the flying capacitor Cfly is higher than the half bus at the charging moment, at the moment, the PWM of the switching tube Q1 and the PWM of the switching tube Q2 are required to be reduced to enable the voltage of the flying capacitor Cfly to be reduced, and when the flying capacitor Cfly is higher than the half bus during discharging, the PWM of the switching tube Q1 and the PWM of the switching tube Q2 are required to be reduced to enable the voltage of the flying capacitor to be reduced. Once the switching tubes Q1 and Q2 are in error, the system becomes positive feedback and the flying capacitor Cfly voltage will quickly run to the bus voltage or 0V, causing damage to the switching tubes. Therefore, accurate determination of the charging or discharging direction, and further realization of stabilization of the flying capacitor voltage is the core of the whole system. Meanwhile, loop clipping is needed to restrain the fly capacitor Cfly dynamic when the direction judgment is wrong, and the loop clipping can be too large, otherwise, the loop clipping is easy to rapidly deviate, and cannot be too small, otherwise, the difference value of the PWM reaching the actual PWM of the IGBT cannot be compensated.
Referring to fig. 7, the control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of the flying capacitor of the present embodiment uses a method combining logic judgment and design of a flying capacitor voltage loop based on a double closed loop of a normal battery voltage outer loop and a battery current inner loop, so as to realize the stability of the flying capacitor voltage under various conditions, and the control method specifically includes the following steps:
step S1, initializing the system to be in a charging state, wherein the step is only executed 1 time.
Step S2, judging whether the inductance current of the system is larger than a first set value, selecting 2A in the embodiment, if yes, judging the direction to be charging, and executing step S5, otherwise, executing step S3.
Step S3, judging whether the inductance current of the system is smaller than a second set value, selecting-2A in the embodiment, if yes, judging the direction to be discharge, and then executing step S5, otherwise, executing step S4, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value.
And S4, judging whether the output of the flying capacitor Cfly loop reaches a set upper limit value UpLimit or a set lower limit value DnLimit, if so, forcibly changing the control direction of the flying capacitor Cfly, otherwise, directly executing the step S5 without changing the direction.
And S5, judging whether the direction is discharge, if so, executing S6 after reversing the direction, otherwise, directly executing S6.
And S6, PWM control is carried out through a PI controller of a flying capacitor loop of the pure KP.
Specifically, under a small current, since the sampling value of the inductance current L may deviate from the actual value, the direction of the sampling value is opposite to the direction of the actual value, if the inductance current L runs for a long time by mistake, the flying capacitor Cfly voltage is caused to slowly change towards one direction and finally deviates from a half bus, so that a pipe is damaged, but at the moment, the current is smaller, the flying capacitor voltage is not changed too quickly, and therefore, the embodiment designs the PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of the pure KP.
After the fly capacitor Cfly voltage is set to deviate from the half bus set voltage value (50V is selected in this embodiment), the maximum limit of the corresponding PWM is set to a PWM (2% PWM in this embodiment), kp= (set percentage×pwm)/set voltage value, in this embodiment: kp= (2% pwm)/50V.
In this embodiment, the set voltage value may be manually selected, and the stress of the switching tube is still safe after the deviation is 50V, and 2% PWM is the PWM adjustment margin reserved for the differences of devices such as the driving circuit and the IGBT, and the loop will not be fully filled under normal conditions (i.e., the loop output will not run to the maximum limiting value or the minimum limiting value under normal conditions). Once the flying capacitor Cfly loop is full, that is, the output of the flying capacitor Cfly loop reaches up limit or DnLimit, the control direction of the flying capacitor is reversed, and the flying capacitor is required to be forcefully changed, so that the flying capacitor can be quickly stabilized. The reason why the loop parameter does not have KI is that the change of the charging and discharging directions may be fast, and if KI exists, there is a process of integrating back, which causes an error in controlling the flying capacitor in a short time, and the error is very easy to cause the runaway of the voltage of the flying capacitor under a large current, so that the loop is not allowed to have KI.
The invention effectively realizes the stability of the flying capacitor under various working conditions, ensures the safe operation of the system, and ensures that the three-level Buckboost topology system of the flying capacitor can be normally applied.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the patentees may make various modifications or alterations within the scope of the appended claims, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as described in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The control method of the flying capacitor three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow is characterized by being realized based on a flying capacitor three-level Buckboost topology system, the topology system comprises switching tubes Q1-Q4, resistors R1-R4 and a flying capacitor Cfly, PWM (pulse width modulation) sizes of the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2 are equal and 180 degrees in phase difference, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q4 are complementary, the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3 are complementary, the time sequence of operation of the topology system in each period is the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q4, and the control method comprises the following steps based on a double closed loop basis of a normal battery voltage outer loop and a battery current inner loop:
s1, initializing a system into a charging state;
s2, judging whether the inductance current of the system is larger than a first set value, if so, judging that the direction is charging, and executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S3;
s3, judging whether the inductance current of the system is smaller than a second set value, if so, judging that the direction is discharge, and then executing the step S5, otherwise, executing the step S4, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value;
s4, judging whether the output of the flying capacitor Cfly loop reaches a set upper limit value UpLimit or a set lower limit value DnLimit, if so, forcibly changing the control direction of the flying capacitor Cfly, otherwise, directly executing the step S5 with the direction unchanged;
s5, judging whether the direction is discharge, if so, executing S6 after reversing the direction, otherwise, directly executing S6;
s6, PWM control is carried out through a PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of the pure KP.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first set value in the step S2 is an absolute value of current, the value is 2A, and the second set value is-2A.
3. The method for controlling bidirectional energy flow of a flying capacitor of three levels Buckboost according to claim 1, wherein the PI controller of the flying capacitor loop of pure KP in step S6 is: after the fly voltage is set to deviate from the half-bus set voltage value, the corresponding PWM is limited to the PWM with the maximum limit of the set percentage, kp= (set percentage PWM)/set voltage value.
4. A method of controlling flying capacitor three level Buckboost bi-directional energy flow according to claim 3 wherein the set voltage value is 50V and the set percentage is 2% when kp= (2% pwm)/50V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311006159.XA CN117318485A (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of flying capacitor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311006159.XA CN117318485A (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Control method for three-level Buckboost bidirectional energy flow of flying capacitor |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107181407A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-19 | 重庆大学 | The segmentation sliding formwork control and striding capacitance balance of voltage method of three level DC DC buck converters |
| CN109617148A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-04-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of charging method and device of striding capacitance |
| CN109687704A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | The Capacity control method, apparatus and decompression transformation system of three-level buck converter |
| CN116317045A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-06-23 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Three-level bidirectional converter precharge control system, method, apparatus and medium |
-
2023
- 2023-08-10 CN CN202311006159.XA patent/CN117318485A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107181407A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-19 | 重庆大学 | The segmentation sliding formwork control and striding capacitance balance of voltage method of three level DC DC buck converters |
| CN109617148A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-04-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of charging method and device of striding capacitance |
| CN109687704A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 南京矽力杰半导体技术有限公司 | The Capacity control method, apparatus and decompression transformation system of three-level buck converter |
| CN116317045A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-06-23 | 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 | Three-level bidirectional converter precharge control system, method, apparatus and medium |
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