CN117310801B - Stratum information phase control inversion method based on depth domain - Google Patents

Stratum information phase control inversion method based on depth domain Download PDF

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CN117310801B
CN117310801B CN202311183463.1A CN202311183463A CN117310801B CN 117310801 B CN117310801 B CN 117310801B CN 202311183463 A CN202311183463 A CN 202311183463A CN 117310801 B CN117310801 B CN 117310801B
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stratum
elastic interface
wave
phase control
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CN117310801A (en
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张晓丹
付浩
郑健
井翠
陈珂磷
赵慧言
王文文
魏勇
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Chengdu Jiekesi Petroleum Natural Gas Technology Development Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • G01V1/282Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • G01V1/30Analysis
    • G01V1/306Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A90/30Assessment of water resources

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Abstract

The invention discloses a stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain, which belongs to the field of geology, and comprises the steps of screening stratum measurement data in a to-be-detected area, and removing incomplete data representation or non-stratum measurement data; preprocessing the reserved data, carrying out quality sorting on the preprocessed stratum measurement data, and selecting stratum measurement data according to the quality sorting to extract wave parameters in the stratum measurement data; calculating the formation measurement ray kinematics relations at different depths by using the selected wave parameters to obtain physical response characteristics on a formation elastic interface, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics, and training to obtain a phase control model meeting an objective function; and carrying out colored inversion on the obtained phase control model to obtain a wave impedance inversion body, finishing inversion of stratum information depth domain, and solving the problem that the space-variant characteristic of the wave conduction in a non-uniform medium causes the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the depth domain to not meet the linear time-invariant condition through splitting optimization of the depth domain ground wavelet.

Description

Stratum information phase control inversion method based on depth domain
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geology, in particular to a stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain.
Background
The inversion of stratum information is a core technology of reservoir prediction, vertical resolution of seismic data can be effectively utilized, random characteristics of stratum structures are fully considered, inversion results are more in line with actual conditions, and reservoir prediction is facilitated. Various pre-stack inversion methods and post-stack inversion methods are tried in the traditional technology, but the main frequency of three-dimensional data of the region is not high, and sand bodies which can be only identified by 25 meters at the minimum can be calculated according to the traditional inversion theory, so that the requirements of thin-layer sand body characterization can not be met. Meanwhile, for a complex overlying stratum structure, the structural form of an underlying target layer is greatly different from the actual stratum form due to the change of the speed and the thickness of a paste salt layer, the phenomenon that the time domain and the depth domain are not matched exists, and the influence caused by the difference is difficult to be solved well only according to the conventional time domain seismic data.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain comprises the following steps:
s1, screening stratum measurement data in a region to be tested, screening data representing incomplete or non-stratum measurement data, and removing;
s2, preprocessing the reserved data, carrying out quality sequencing on the preprocessed stratum measurement data, and selecting stratum measurement data according to the quality sequencing to extract wave parameters in the stratum measurement data;
s3, calculating the radial kinematics relation of stratum measurement rays at different depths by using the selected wave parameters to obtain physical response characteristics on a stratum elastic interface, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics, and training to obtain a phase control model meeting an objective function;
s4, performing colored inversion on the obtained phase control model to obtain a wave impedance inversion body, and completing inversion of the stratum information depth domain.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, selecting a plurality of points in the region to be measured to perform drilling measurement, and acquiring a plurality of stratum parameter data in the region to be measured;
s12, carrying out data comparison according to the obtained stratum parameter data, selecting data with the median of the horizon data in the comparison result as reference data, and eliminating drilling measurement data in which the horizon data is lower than the reference data;
s13, extracting horizon data of a drill hole with horizon data higher than reference data, and performing reverse pre-stack time migration through a zero offset distance to obtain horizon migration data;
s14, screening out the data with discontinuous horizon shift data and the horizon shift data larger than the shift threshold according to the horizon shift data.
Further, the calculation mode of the layer bit offset data in S13 is expressed as follows:
wherein,is->Horizon shift of stratum>Is->Depth of stratum>Is->Interface dip of stratum>Is->The reflection speed of formation waves.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, judging whether the measured data of any two boreholes have adjacent stratum data, if so, merging, and if not, reserving corresponding data;
s22, quality sorting is carried out on the data retained in the S21, and the measured wave parameters are extracted from the data 10% before the quality sorting according to the data integrity.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, dividing the stratum into an upper elastic interface and a lower elastic interface according to the obtained wave parameters;
s32, respectively solving the kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays of the upper and lower elastic interfaces by using a displacement function, and obtaining physical response characteristics on the upper and lower elastic interfaces according to the obtained kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays;
s33, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics on the upper and lower elastic interfaces, and training a set objective function of the geological model to obtain a phase control model.
Further, the kinematic relationship of the stratum measurement ray in S32 is expressed as follows:
wherein,is the upper elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For upper layer elastic interface admittance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface permittivity +.>For the upper layer elastic interface ray incidence angle, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For wave conduction time, +.>Is the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface,/for the upper elastic interface>Is the linear length of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface, < > and->Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the reflection angle of transverse wave in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the wave conduction rate in the upper elastic interface; />For the lower elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the lower elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For the lower elastic interface admittance, +.>For the lower elastic interface permittivity +.>For the incident angle of the lower elastic interface ray, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the lower elastic interface,/for the lower elastic interface>For wave-conducting processes in the underlying elastic interfaceLinear length->Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the lower elastic interface, < ->For the reflection angle of transverse wave in the elastic interface of the lower layer, < ->Is the wave conduction rate in the lower elastic interface; />For wave frequency>Is imaginary.
Further, the objective function in S33 is expressed as:
wherein,is the similarity coefficient of stratum information, +.>The wave impedance of the ith sampling value after phase shift at the time t,the wave impedance average value of the upper elastic interface and the lower elastic interface at the moment t; />For the wave incident angle of the ith sample value at time t,for the upper and lower layer elastic boundary at time tAn incident angle average of the facets; />For sampling window +.>The upper and lower sampling time limits, respectively.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the problem that space-variant characteristics of wave conduction in a non-uniform medium enable reflection coefficients and transmission coefficients of depth domains not to meet linear time-invariant conditions is solved through split optimization of depth domain ground wavelets, application effects of the two depth domain seismic record synthesis methods are close, correlation with depth domain seismic records obtained through time-depth conversion is high, the two synthesis methods are effective, and characteristics that depth domain seismic waveforms change along with speed change are shown.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
A stratum information phase control inversion method based on a depth domain is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, screening stratum measurement data in a region to be tested, screening data representing incomplete or non-stratum measurement data, and removing;
specifically, the method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s11, selecting a plurality of points in the region to be measured to perform drilling measurement, and acquiring a plurality of stratum parameter data in the region to be measured;
s12, carrying out data comparison according to the obtained stratum parameter data, selecting data with the median of the horizon data in the comparison result as reference data, and eliminating drilling measurement data in which the horizon data is lower than the reference data;
s13, extracting horizon data of a drill hole with horizon data higher than reference data, and performing reverse pre-stack time migration through a zero offset distance to obtain horizon migration data;
s14, screening out the data with discontinuous horizon shift data and horizon shift data larger than the shift threshold according to the horizon shift data, wherein the calculating mode of the horizon shift data is expressed as follows:
wherein,is->Horizon shift of stratum>Is->Depth of stratum>Is->Interface dip of stratum>Is->The reflection speed of formation waves.
S2, preprocessing the reserved data, carrying out quality sequencing on the preprocessed stratum measurement data, and selecting stratum measurement data according to the quality sequencing to extract wave parameters in the stratum measurement data;
in this embodiment, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s21, judging whether the measured data of any two boreholes have adjacent stratum data, if so, merging, and if not, reserving corresponding data;
s22, quality sorting is carried out on the data retained in the S21, and the measured wave parameters are extracted from the data 10% before the quality sorting according to the data integrity.
S3, calculating the radial kinematics relation of stratum measurement rays at different depths by using the selected wave parameters to obtain physical response characteristics on a stratum elastic interface, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics, and training to obtain a phase control model meeting an objective function;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, dividing the stratum into an upper elastic interface and a lower elastic interface according to the obtained wave parameters;
s32, respectively solving the kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays of the upper and lower elastic interfaces by using a displacement function, and obtaining the physical response characteristics of the upper and lower elastic interfaces according to the obtained kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays, wherein the kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays is expressed as:
wherein,is the upper elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For upper layer elastic interface admittance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface permittivity +.>For the upper layer elastic interface ray incidence angle, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For wave conduction time, +.>Is the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface,/for the upper elastic interface>Is the linear length of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface, < > and->Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the reflection angle of transverse wave in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the wave conduction rate in the upper elastic interface; />For the lower elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the lower elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For the lower elastic interface admittance, +.>For the lower elastic interface permittivity +.>For the incident angle of the lower elastic interface ray, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the lower elastic interface,/for the lower elastic interface>For the linear length of the wave-conducting process in the underlying elastic interface, and (2)>Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the lower elastic interface, < ->For the reflection angle of transverse wave in the elastic interface of the lower layer, < ->Is the wave conduction rate in the lower elastic interface; />For wave frequency>Is imaginary.
And solving physical response characteristics according to the obtained wave parameters, and performing multi-attribute high-quality logging qualitative after phased superposition.
S33, constructing a geological model according to the physical response characteristics of the obtained upper and lower layers of elastic interfaces, and training a set objective function of the geological model to obtain a phase control model, wherein the objective function is expressed as:
wherein,is the similarity coefficient of stratum information, +.>The wave impedance of the ith sampling value after phase shift at the time t,the wave impedance average value of the upper elastic interface and the lower elastic interface at the moment t; />For the wave incident angle of the ith sample value at time t,the incident angle mean value of the upper and lower elastic interfaces at the moment t; />For sampling window +.>The upper and lower sampling time limits, respectively.
S4, performing colored inversion on the obtained phase control model to obtain a wave impedance inversion body, and completing inversion of the stratum information depth domain.
The method is characterized in that the inversion operator is defined in a frequency domain, the well drilling data only plays a role in defining expected output in inversion operator estimation, and the colored inversion is only a deconvolution process, so that an inversion result is impedance, and amplitude transverse change is kept good. Optionally, the processing of the longitudinal resolution of the density reflectivity and the transverse wave reflectivity according to the colored inversion rule may be achieved by:
s41: performing spectral analysis on the wave impedance of the logging data;
s42: performing spectrum analysis on the high-frequency seismic data;
s43: setting a matching operator for the wave impedance spectrum contained in the spectrum analysis result of the high-frequency seismic data and the spectrum analysis result of the logging data so as to match the spectrum analysis result of the high-frequency seismic data with the wave impedance spectrum;
it should be noted that, because the resolution of the logging information is higher, the high-frequency spectrum of the logging information is richer, and the matching operator is the mapping from the spectrum of the seismic data to the spectrum of the logging information. Optionally, the spectrum of the logging data may be divided by the spectrum of the seismic data to obtain a matching operator, and then the spectrum of the seismic data in the current prediction area is multiplied by the matching operator (equivalent to performing convolution in the time domain) to obtain the spectrum of the seismic data consistent with the spectrum of the logging data, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the high-frequency component of the seismic data.
S44: and carrying out longitudinal resolution processing on the density reflectivity and the transverse wave reflectivity of the high-frequency seismic data according to the matching operator to obtain the characteristic information of the high-frequency seismic data. It can be appreciated that applying the matching operator to the seismic data is equivalent to widening the high frequency of the seismic data to the width of the well-log spectrum, so that the high frequency spectrum of the seismic data is widened, and the longitudinal resolution of the seismic data is improved. The colored inversion can improve the longitudinal resolution of the density reflectivity and the transverse wave reflectivity (namely, broaden the high-frequency seismic data), so that the broadened high-frequency seismic information can better reflect the physical property information, the granularity information and the cleanliness information, and further improve the characterization capability of the attribute information of the thin-layer reservoir and the heterogeneous reservoir. Optionally, the characteristic information of the high frequency seismic data is the density reflectivity and the transverse wave reflectivity after the longitudinal resolution is improved.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. The stratum information phase control inversion method based on the depth domain is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, screening stratum measurement data in a region to be tested, screening data representing incomplete or non-stratum measurement data, and removing;
s2, preprocessing the reserved data, carrying out quality sequencing on the preprocessed stratum measurement data, and selecting stratum measurement data according to the quality sequencing to extract wave parameters in the stratum measurement data;
s3, calculating the radial kinematics relation of stratum measurement rays at different depths by using the selected wave parameters to obtain physical response characteristics on a stratum elastic interface, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics, and training to obtain a phase control model meeting an objective function;
s4, performing colored inversion on the obtained phase control model to obtain a wave impedance inversion body, and completing inversion of the stratum information depth domain.
2. The depth domain-based formation information phase control inversion method according to claim 1, wherein S1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, selecting a plurality of points in the region to be measured to perform drilling measurement, and acquiring a plurality of stratum parameter data in the region to be measured;
s12, carrying out data comparison according to the obtained stratum parameter data, selecting data with the median of the horizon data in the comparison result as reference data, and eliminating drilling measurement data in which the horizon data is lower than the reference data;
s13, extracting horizon data of a drill hole with horizon data higher than reference data, and performing reverse pre-stack time migration through a zero offset distance to obtain horizon migration data;
s14, screening out the data with discontinuous horizon shift data and the horizon shift data larger than the shift threshold according to the horizon shift data.
3. The method for phase-controlled inversion of stratum information based on depth domain according to claim 2, wherein the calculation mode of the stratum bit offset data in S13 is represented as:
wherein,is->Horizon shift of stratum>Is->Depth of stratum>Is->Interface dip of stratum>Is the firstThe reflection speed of formation waves.
4. The depth domain-based stratum information phase control inversion method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, judging whether the measured data of any two boreholes have adjacent stratum data, if so, merging, and if not, reserving corresponding data;
s22, quality sorting is carried out on the data retained in the S21, and the measured wave parameters are extracted from the data 10% before the quality sorting according to the data integrity.
5. The depth domain-based formation information phase control inversion method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, dividing the stratum into an upper elastic interface and a lower elastic interface according to the obtained wave parameters;
s32, respectively solving the kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays of the upper and lower elastic interfaces by using a displacement function, and obtaining physical response characteristics on the upper and lower elastic interfaces according to the obtained kinematic relation of the stratum measurement rays;
s33, constructing a geological model according to the obtained physical response characteristics on the upper and lower elastic interfaces, and training a set objective function of the geological model to obtain a phase control model.
6. The depth domain-based formation information phase control inversion method according to claim 5, wherein the kinematic relationship of the formation measurement ray in S32 is represented as:
wherein,is the upper elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For upper layer elastic interface admittance, +.>For the upper layer elastic interface permittivity +.>For the incident angle of the upper layer elastic interface rays,for the upper layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For wave conduction time, +.>Is the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface,/for the upper elastic interface>Is the linear length of the wave conduction process in the upper elastic interface, < > and->Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the reflection angle of transverse wave in the upper elastic interface, < >>Is the wave conduction rate in the upper elastic interface; />For the lower elastic interface wave impedance, +.>For the lower elastic interface resistivity, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface inductance, +.>For the lower elastic interface admittance, +.>For the lower elastic interface permittivity +.>For the incident angle of the lower elastic interface ray, +.>For the lower layer elastic interface thickness, < >>For the horizontal component of the wave conduction process in the lower elastic interface,/for the lower elastic interface>For the linear length of the wave-conducting process in the underlying elastic interface, and (2)>Is longitudinal wave transmission angle in the lower elastic interface, < ->For the reflection angle of transverse wave in the elastic interface of the lower layer, < ->Is the wave conduction rate in the lower elastic interface; />For wave frequency>Is imaginary.
7. The depth domain based formation information phase control inversion method according to claim 5, wherein the objective function in S33 is expressed as:
wherein,is the similarity coefficient of stratum information, +.>For the wave impedance of the ith sample value after the phase shift at time t, < >>The wave impedance average value of the upper elastic interface and the lower elastic interface at the moment t; />Wave angle of incidence at time t for the ith sample value, +.>The incident angle mean value of the upper and lower elastic interfaces at the moment t; />For sampling window +.>The upper and lower sampling time limits, respectively.
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