CN117303770A - 一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117303770A CN117303770A CN202311213102.7A CN202311213102A CN117303770A CN 117303770 A CN117303770 A CN 117303770A CN 202311213102 A CN202311213102 A CN 202311213102A CN 117303770 A CN117303770 A CN 117303770A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- solid waste
- slag
- cementing material
- raw materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012257 stirred material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009411 base construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicalcium;oxocalcium;silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca]=O.[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BCAARMUWIRURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037081 physical activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021534 tricalcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019976 tricalcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B11/28—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
- C04B11/30—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials with hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B11/26—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke
- C04B11/262—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke waste gypsum other than phosphogypsum
- C04B11/264—Gypsum from the desulfurisation of flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
- E01C7/14—Concrete paving
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
- E01C7/14—Concrete paving
- E01C7/142—Mixtures or their components, e.g. aggregate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及固废材料综合利用技术领域，特别是涉及一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用；元固废胶凝材料包括如下重量份配比的原料：粉煤灰23‑25份，电石渣10‑12份，脱硫石膏5‑9份，钢渣10‑20份，矿渣12‑14份、水泥25‑30份，所用原料的平均粒径均为8‑10微米；通过烘干、粉磨、混匀等三段主要工序充分发挥各种固废特性，利用其协同增强作用，制备出物理力学性能良好的的胶凝材料。本发明制备的多元固废胶凝可应用于道路基层稳定中，无侧限抗压强度、抗冲刷、温缩和干缩等路用性能指标均符合公路路面基层施工技术要求，既可实现绿色低碳胶凝材料的制备，亦可实现固废资源化利用，达到节约资源、保护环境、提高公路质量的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及固废材料综合利用技术领域，特别是涉及一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
作为高等级公路的主要构成，水稳层是一个重要的基础性结构，是硬质路面与土质路基的过渡层，同时具有分散和承载车载压力和滤水功能。现有的水稳层大多以水泥作为混合料的黏结剂，搭配天然石子进行搅拌混合，随后运输摊铺。随着我国公路的快速发展，对筑路原材料的需求也越来越大。巨大的公路建设工程量即意味着巨大的水泥消耗量，水泥的生产会伴随着大量CO2气体的排放，随着国家碳减排的强力号召，水泥的用量受到一定量限制。与此同时，我国每年产生约60亿吨的工业固体废弃物，目前综合利用率只有40％左右，因此造成大量固体废弃物露天堆存，不仅占用大量土地也污染地下水，对环境造成巨大威胁。
目前将固体废弃物材料应用于水泥稳定层的制备修建中已经是一个热门且可行的方向。研究者们将粉煤灰、矿渣等固废作为主要原料，掺入碱性溶液激发各种固废活性，制备出各项性能指标要求的地聚物胶凝材料。但是使用化学激发剂会带来新的环境污染和成本上升等问题。如过量的碱金属离子与环境中二氧化碳反应发生泛碱，或过量的酸造成二次污染等。
因此，利用固体废弃物材料制备一种成本低廉、绿色环保、品质较高的胶凝材料及其应用是本领域技术人员亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术的不足，提供一种多元固废胶凝材料。通过对粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、钢渣、矿渣进行粉磨处理，激发原料胶凝活性，满足胶凝材料施工要求低、能耗低、强度高且耐久性好的特性，为新型公路工程材料的选择提供新的思路，可极大提高工业固废物利用率，从而克服现有的公路工程材料的不足。
由于水泥热胀冷缩特性，水稳层极易出现裂缝等路面危害。本发明采用富含Si，Al，Ca元素的固体废弃物之间可以发生火山灰反应等类似于水泥水化反应的化学反应，不仅可以形成和水泥媲美的强度物质，还可以避免水泥热胀冷缩对于路基的破坏，具有非常良好的应用前景。如粉煤灰兼具微集料效应和良好的形态效应，具备良好的物理活性。电石渣存在的碳酸钠和铝酸钠可提供较高的碱性水化环境。钢渣中含有硅酸盐矿物，如硅酸三钙、硅酸二钙，还含有游离氧化钙和氧化镁等。矿渣化学成分与水泥的化学成分基本相同，且自身同样具有火山灰效应与微集料效应。因此利用粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、钢渣、矿渣协同制备胶凝材料并应用于道路稳定碎石基层中，不仅可以减少工程建设对水泥、石灰等原材料的需求，而且可实现绿色低碳胶凝材料的制备，亦可实现固废资源化利用。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种多元固废胶凝材料，包括如下重量份配比的原料：粉煤灰23-25份，电石渣10-12份，脱硫石膏5-9份，钢渣10-20份，矿渣12-14份、水泥25-30份，所用原料的平均粒径均为8-10微米。
优选的的，所述多元固废胶凝材料，包括如下重量份配比的原料：粉煤灰23份、电石渣10份、脱硫石膏5份、钢渣20份、矿渣12份、水泥30份。
另外，本发明还提供上述一种多元固废胶凝材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将原料粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、矿渣、钢渣分别烘干并研磨；
S2：将各组分按比例进行称量；
S3：将称量好的各组分无先后顺序添加、搅拌，将搅拌好的材料装袋，即得到所述的多元固废胶凝材料。
进一步的，所述步骤S1中粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、矿渣采用球磨机进行研磨，钢渣采用超音速蒸汽流超微粉碎机进行粉碎，原料平均粒径为8-10微米。
进一步的，所述步骤S3中，以65r/min的转速搅拌3分钟，停15秒，再以130r/min的转速搅拌3分钟。
另外，本发明还提供上述的多元固废胶凝材料在道路基层中的应用。
进一步的，所述的多元固废胶凝材料用于制备道路基层无机结合料稳定材料，所述无机结合料稳定材料包括多元固废胶凝材料、碎石和水。
进一步的，所述碎石包括不同粒径的碎石和石粉，所述碎石的粒径包括10-20mm和5-10mm两类，所述石粉的0-5mm；所述水为工程拌合用水。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明采用粉煤灰、电石渣、钢渣等固废作为原料制备多元固废胶凝材料，通过合理匹配固体废弃物，同时采用物理机械粉磨减小原料粒径来激发各自胶凝活性，显著提高固废利用率。制备过程无需掺加另外的化学试剂，显著降低环境污染和生产成本，且具有工艺简单，低碳排放，易于工业化应用的特点，减轻建筑生产环保压力的同时为固体废弃物的资源化应用提供了新的方向，实现建筑工业化与固废资源化协同高效发展。
本发明利用优选的实施例进行路用性能研究，与现有水泥稳定碎石材料技术相比，使用本发明的稳定碎石技术不仅可以减少水泥用量，降低成本，还可以充分发挥各固废的特性，使之变废为宝，得到消纳，同时制备出的基层和底基层材料无侧限抗压强度、抗冲刷、温缩和干缩等特性都有显著的提高，特别是其干缩性能得到极大的改善，显著的减少路面由于基层干缩造成的裂缝危害。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例3制得的路用胶凝材料7天和28天的不同放大倍数的SEM照片。
图2为本发明的实施例5-7的水稳试件制备流程图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
以下实施例中原料说明如下：
粉煤灰，取自潞安工程有限公司，其中SiO2、Al2O3总量达75％以上；
电石渣，取自瑞恒化工集团有限公司，其中CaO含量在60％以上；
脱硫石膏，取自容海电力集团有限公司，主要成分为CaSO4。
钢渣粉，取自太原钢铁集团有限公司，其中成分50％以上为CaO。
矿渣粉，取自潞安化工集团有限公司，其中Ca，Si元素含量较多。
实施例1-4
多元固废胶凝材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将粉煤灰，电石渣，脱硫石膏，钢渣，矿渣烘干并研磨；
S2：将各组分按比例进行称量；
S3：将称量好的各组分无先后顺序添加，将搅拌好的材料装袋，即得到所述的多元固废胶凝材料。
表1实施例1-4的原料配比
对比例1
本对比例所述的胶凝材料为P.S32.5矿渣硅酸盐水泥。
对比例2
本对比例所述的胶凝材料为P.S42.5矿渣硅酸盐水泥
多元固废胶凝材料物理性能测试
将实施例1-4与对比例1-2所述的胶凝材料分别制备胶砂试件进行性能测试。试验参照《公路工程水泥及水泥混凝土试验规程》(JTG3420-2020)进行试验。标准稠度用水量、凝结时间与安定性参照《水泥标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、安定性检验方法》(GB/T1346-2011)进行试验。
表2多元固废胶凝材料与水泥的物理性能测试结果
从表2中的数据可知，本发明所述的多元固废胶凝材料相对于32.5水泥，早期强度和后期强度均有明显的优势。并且实施例3所述多元固废胶凝材料的初终凝时间相比于传统水泥较长，符合国家标准规定，可满足道路运输的时间要求。经过试验检测，多元固废胶凝材料可以代替传统P.S32.5水泥。
图1为实施例3路用胶凝材料7天和28天的不同放大倍数的SEM照片。固废基胶凝材料7d的水化反应会生成大量凝胶物质，如絮状AH3相，微刺状AFt钙矾石；且随着养护龄期的增长，28d水化反应会继续生成AH3与C-S-H凝胶，凝胶与AFt钙矾石粘结在一起，有效填充结构中的空隙，使结构变得致密；由于水化反应活性较高，Aft微刺状结构持续生长并发育，逐渐由微刺状生长为粗针状，各个钙矾石结构之间生长方向不一，无秩序排列为网状致密结构，从而使结构变得更加致密，强度提升。
以此为基础，对本发明优选实施例3的多元固废胶凝材料进行道路基层稳定碎石配合比设计，制备无机结合料稳定材料，并按现行试验方法测试试件的无侧限抗压强度、抗冲刷、温缩和干缩性能，为多元固废胶凝材料在道路中的应用可行性提供数据支撑。
以下实施例所用碎石由山西省长治市某工程有限公司开采，集料材质为天然石灰石，细集料粒径为0-5mm，粗集料最大公称粒径为20mm。级配筛分按照《公路路面基层施工技术细则》
(JTG/TF20-2015)进行。将所选用的石子进行级配筛分，记录各个粒径通过筛孔碎石的筛余量和比例。
表3碎石筛分及级配合成
将实施例3的多元固废胶凝材料用于制备无机结合料稳定材料，应用于稳定碎石基层，如以下实施例5-7所示。
实施例5
本实施例所述的无机结合料稳定材料，主要包括多元固废胶凝材料、碎石和水，其中多元固废胶凝材料的掺量为4％。
实施例6
本实施例所述的无机结合料稳定材料，主要包括多元固废胶凝材料、碎石和水，其中多元固废胶凝材料的掺量为5％。
实施例7
本实施例所述的无机结合料稳定材料，主要包括多元固废胶凝材料、碎石和水，其中多元固废胶凝材料的掺量为6％。
多元固废胶凝材料路用性能测试
图2为水稳试件制备流程图。无侧限抗压强度试验参照《公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程》(JTGE51-2009)进行试验，将实施例5-7所述的无机结合料稳定材料通过击实试验确定最佳含水量与最大干密度，并以此为基础按照98％压实度制备无机结合料稳定材料无侧限抗压试件，养护采用标准养生方法。试验结果如表4所示。
抗冲刷试验参照《公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程》(JTGE51-2009)测试抗冲刷性能。采用上述制备方法制备水泥稳定试件。初步养护后，将其脱模并放置在准备好的冲洗筒中。用空气压缩机对封闭的冲洗缸进行压力填充，冲洗板受压向下移动，压迫筒内水体流动对试件形成冲刷效果。冲刷30min后试验结束，取出试件晾干，称量试件剩余质量,计算水稳试件冲刷质量损失。试验结果如表5所示。
干缩试验参照《公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程》(JTGE51-2009)测试干燥收缩性能。根据击实试验结果确定混合料各成分比例，静压成型梁式试件(100mm×100mm×400mm)；脱模后盖上保鲜膜，标准养护箱中养护7d后取出试件，随后对试件进行90d的观测，试验结果如表6所示。
温缩试验参照《公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程》(JTGE51-2009)测试温度收缩性能。根据击实试验结果确定混合料各成分比例，混合后按照上节方法制备试件，脱模后进行标准养护；28d后取出置于冻融箱内，设置30℃～－10℃循环，每个循环间隔(每5℃)温度保持恒定温度3h，电测法测试温缩应变。试验结果如表7所示。
表4不同多元固废胶凝材料掺量下的无侧限抗压强度
表5不同多元固废胶凝材料掺量下的抗冲刷性能
表6不同多元固废胶凝材料掺量下的干缩性能
表7多元固废胶凝材料温缩性能
多元固废胶凝材料路用性能测试中，无侧限抗压强度完全符合《公路路面基层施工技术细则》(JTG/TF20-2015)对不同公路等级基层材料的规定；抗冲刷性能表现良好；干缩温缩性能达到最佳抗裂标准。粗集料碎石之间按照嵌挤原理紧密镶嵌，其孔隙之间由多元固废胶凝材料填充，硬化后，可得到整体路用性能良好的水泥稳定碎石层。若将其大规模应用，不仅可以消耗大量的多元固废等固废材料，又可以减少工程建设对水泥、石灰等原材的需求，极大降低工程造价，具有重要的社会和经济效益。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其进行限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种多元固废胶凝材料，其特征在于，包括如下重量份配比的原料：粉煤灰23-25份，电石渣10-12份，脱硫石膏5-9份，钢渣10-20份，矿渣12-14份、水泥25-30份，所用原料的平均粒径均为8-10微米。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多元固废胶凝材料，其特征在于，包括如下重量份配比的原料：粉煤灰23份、电石渣10份、脱硫石膏5份、钢渣20份、矿渣12份、水泥30份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种多元固废胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：将原料粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、矿渣、钢渣分别烘干并研磨；
S2：将各组分按比例进行称量；
S3：将称量好的各组分无先后顺序添加、搅拌，将搅拌好的材料装袋，即得到所述的多元固废胶凝材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种多元固废胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S1中粉煤灰、电石渣、脱硫石膏、矿渣采用球磨机进行研磨，钢渣采用超音速蒸汽流超微粉碎机进行粉碎，原料平均粒径为8-10微米。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种多元固废胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，以65r/min的转速搅拌3分钟，停15秒，再以130r/min的转速搅拌3分钟。
6.权利要求1或2所述的多元固废胶凝材料在道路基层中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用，其特征在于，所述的多元固废胶凝材料用于制备道路基层无机结合料稳定材料，所述无机结合料稳定材料包括多元固废胶凝材料、碎石和水。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，所述碎石包括不同粒径的碎石和石粉，所述碎石的粒径包括10-20mm和5-10mm两类，所述石粉的0-5mm；所述水为工程拌合用水。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311213102.7A CN117303770A (zh) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | 一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311213102.7A CN117303770A (zh) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | 一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117303770A true CN117303770A (zh) | 2023-12-29 |
Family
ID=89296405
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311213102.7A Pending CN117303770A (zh) | 2023-09-20 | 2023-09-20 | 一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117303770A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117819887A (zh) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-04-05 | 山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司 | 一种无机结合料稳定黄金尾矿混合料及其制备和施工方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-09-20 CN CN202311213102.7A patent/CN117303770A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117819887A (zh) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-04-05 | 山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司 | 一种无机结合料稳定黄金尾矿混合料及其制备和施工方法 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Li et al. | Investigation of using recycled powder from the preparation of recycled aggregate as a supplementary cementitious material | |
| Zhang et al. | Effect of the optimized triple mixing method on the ITZ microstructure and performance of recycled aggregate concrete | |
| Zhao et al. | Evaluation of pre-coated recycled aggregate for concrete and mortar | |
| CN111003984B (zh) | 一种新型尾矿混合土道路基层材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN112110705B (zh) | 一种建筑垃圾再生利用的自修复型半刚性基层材料 | |
| US20220033303A1 (en) | Cement mortar containing excavated soil prepared by replacing natural sand with engineering soil, and preparation method therefor and application thereof | |
| CN103601424A (zh) | 一种基于再生骨料地质聚合物混凝土及其制备方法 | |
| CN111018437B (zh) | 一种超高韧性废弃砖砼再生混合料及其制备方法和应用 | |
| Chen et al. | Environmentally friendly utilization of coal gangue as aggregates for shotcrete used in the construction of coal mine tunnel | |
| CN102976672A (zh) | 低碳高性能混凝土辅助胶凝材料 | |
| Das et al. | Characterization and utilization of coal ash for synthesis of building materials | |
| CN117303770A (zh) | 一种多元固废胶凝材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
| CN114804675A (zh) | 一种复合碱激发胶凝材料及其制备方法 | |
| Namarak et al. | Development of concrete paving blocks prepared from waste materials without portland cement | |
| CN111187039A (zh) | 一种新型钢渣杂填土道路基层材料及制备方法 | |
| Yan et al. | Study on preparation and performance of steel slag asphalt mixture based on steel slag aggregate | |
| Saraswathy et al. | Valorization of crushed glass as a potential replacement for sand in cement stabilized fly ash bricks | |
| Patankar et al. | Effect of concentration of alkaline solutions on the development of geopolymer mortar | |
| CN114790087A (zh) | 一种水泥稳定钢渣的半刚性基层原料配比设计方法 | |
| CN115231894A (zh) | 一种针对坑槽病害的双组分水泥基修复材料 | |
| CN112174588B (zh) | 高强砖渣轻骨料自密实泵送混凝土及其制备方法和泵送方法 | |
| CN114149228A (zh) | 一种环保再生混凝土 | |
| CN108996963B (zh) | 一种混凝土路面砖及其制备方法 | |
| Maaitah et al. | Utilization of natural and industrial mineral admixtures as cement substitutes for concrete production in Jordan | |
| CN110723936A (zh) | 一种含有再生骨料的混凝土及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |