CN117288359A - Method and device for detecting surface stress of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting surface stress of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN117288359A CN117288359A CN202311138694.0A CN202311138694A CN117288359A CN 117288359 A CN117288359 A CN 117288359A CN 202311138694 A CN202311138694 A CN 202311138694A CN 117288359 A CN117288359 A CN 117288359A
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- ion battery
- surface stress
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
- G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a method and a device for detecting surface stress of a lithium ion battery, comprising the following steps: transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the lithium ion battery, and collecting ultrasonic reflection signals under different expansion states; processing waveforms of ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms; calculating the surface stress according to the following formula;wherein X is τ Is of surface stress ofCorresponding to the signal value of the τ -th point on the processed ultrasonic waveform, the ultrasonic waveform includes n points of time, τ=1, 2,3 n; x is X peak Is the maximum value of the ultrasonic wave waveform; μ is an average value of signal values of n points of the ultrasonic waveform; A. b, C are all constant. Through the application, the battery can be subjected to processes such as charge and discharge circulation, failure and the likeThe gas production-induced cell housing indicates an effective measurement of the extent of stress accumulation to evaluate the cell failure condition.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a method and a device for detecting surface stress of a lithium ion battery.
Background
Electric Vehicles (EVs) are powered by a battery, with efficiency directly dependent on the performance of the battery. Lithium ion batteries are widely used in the automotive industry due to their high energy and power density, low self-discharge rate and long life. However, the limited endurance mileage becomes a significant impediment to large-scale popularization of electric vehicles. Thus, there is a need to improve the energy density of batteries to alleviate mileage anxiety. To meet the high energy density requirement, a lithium ion material based on nickel or manganese should be used for the positive electrode, while the negative electrode is converted from a carbon-based material to a combined material of silicon carbon. However, these higher energy density materials have lower thermal stability and tend to cause serious safety problems such as lithium evolution, gas production, fire explosion, etc.
Thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries is a phenomenon of self-accelerating chain reactions inside the battery. These reactions often cause a sharp rise in the internal temperature of the battery, leading to instability and degradation of the internal structure of the battery, and ultimately complete failure of the battery. Thermal runaway may be caused by various mechanical, electrical and thermal misuse, during which the cell undergoes structural collapse, melting or perforation of the separator, resulting in internal short-circuiting of the cell, generating a large amount of heat, which in turn exacerbates the extent of the electrochemical reaction itself, resulting in a large amount of heat generation. The internal temperature of the battery rises sharply and releases a large amount of flammable gas. At the same time, the release of gas increases the internal pressure of the cell, causing the housing to expand and accumulate stress, causing the housing or explosion-proof valve to rupture and cause an explosion.
In practical applications, the problem of thermal runaway of the unit cells is particularly important, because thermal runaway of the unit cells may cause adjacent cells to enter the same state, thereby causing more serious explosion and fire. Once the battery enters a thermal runaway state, the internal reactions therein will accelerate themselves, forming a vicious circle, and external means cannot effectively terminate the process. Therefore, early discovery and warning of thermal runaway conditions of batteries is critical to lithium ion batteries.
The battery management system can monitor some parameters of the battery cell in real time, and monitor, early warn, regulate and control and treat the battery cell. However, the conventional battery management system only collects physical quantities such as voltage, current, and temperature at the module level. If faults, such as overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit and the like, occur in the battery pack, the faults cannot be effectively reflected on parameter changes of a module layer in time, so that the modern battery management requirements cannot be met, and a new technology and a new method are required to be introduced to effectively monitor the volume expansion behavior of the battery caused by charge and discharge cycles and gas production.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method and a device for detecting surface stress of a lithium ion battery, so as to effectively monitor the volume expansion behavior of the battery caused by charge and discharge circulation and gas production.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting surface stress of a lithium ion battery, including:
transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the lithium ion battery, and collecting ultrasonic reflection signals under different expansion states;
processing waveforms of ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
calculating the surface stress according to the following formula;
wherein X is τ Is of surface stress ofCorresponding to the signal value of the τ -th point on the processed ultrasonic waveform, the ultrasonic waveform includes n points of time, τ=1, 2,3 n; x is X peak Is the maximum value of the ultrasonic wave waveform; μ is an average value of signal values of n points of the ultrasonic waveform; A. b, C are all constant.
Further, in the step S1, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer for ultrasonic pulse is placed at any one of the centerlines of the working surfaces of the lithium ion battery.
Further, in the step S2, the waveforms of the ultrasound reflected signals acquired multiple times in the same expansion state are processed, specifically, the average and the smoothing are performed.
Further, the A, B, C is calculated by the following steps:
and measuring ultrasonic waveforms of the lithium ion battery under different strain states, recording corresponding actual surface stress, respectively fitting a linear relation between the corresponding ultrasonic signal intensity and the battery surface stress to obtain a value of A, B, and calculating the sum of square roots of absolute values of intercept of a fitting curve to obtain a value of a constant C.
The embodiment of the application also provides a lithium ion surface stress detection device, which comprises:
an ultrasonic transducer for transmitting ultrasonic pulses and receiving reflected ultrasonic reflected signals;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring ultrasonic reflection signals in different expansion states;
the processing module is used for processing the waveforms of the ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the processed ultrasonic signal value and then calculating the surface stress of the lithium ion battery.
Further, the processing module is specifically configured to perform averaging and smoothing processing on waveforms of the ultrasound reflected signals acquired multiple times in the same expansion state.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency range is 50 kHz-500 kHz.
Further, the included angle between the ultrasonic transducer and the battery to be measured is 30-60 degrees.
Further, the ultrasonic transducer is at least one of a ceramic plate, an electret acoustic sensor and a piezoelectric ultrasonic probe.
The embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the application, the ultrasonic reflection signals under different expansion states of the lithium ion battery are utilized, the surface stress of the lithium ion battery can be obtained in a lossless manner, the realization and the installation are easy, the battery is not required to be refitted or the built-in sensor is installed, and the advantages of no damage, low cost and the like are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting surface strain of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a surface strain detection device for a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The detailed description of the drawings is intended as an illustration of some embodiments of the application and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the application may be practiced. It is to be understood that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting surface stress of a lithium ion battery, wherein a battery to be detected is a hard shell cell with a length of 19cm, a width of 16cm and a thickness of 5mm, and a center frequency of an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving probe is 80kHz, comprising the following steps:
step S10, transmitting the lithium ion battery by sending ultrasonic pulses, and collecting ultrasonic reflection signals in different expansion states;
specifically, first, an ultrasonic emission transducer is placed at the center line of the working face of a lithium ion battery. It is understood that the largest surface area of a lithium ion battery is referred to as the working surface; as an example, the lithium ion battery in this embodiment is a soft package lithium ion battery, the included angle between the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the battery plane is 45 °, the receiving transducer and the transmitting transducer are located at the opposite position of the center line of the battery plane, and the actual volume expansion of the battery is measured according to the drainage method.
Step S20, processing waveforms of ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for multiple times in the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
step S30, calculating the surface stress according to the following formula;
wherein X is τ Is of surface stress ofCorresponding to the signal value of the τ -th point on the processed ultrasonic waveform, the ultrasonic waveform includes n points of time, τ=1, 2,3 n; x is X peak Is the maximum value of the ultrasonic wave waveform; μ is an average value of signal values of n points of the ultrasonic waveform; A. b, C are all constant.
Further, in the step S1, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer for ultrasonic pulse is placed at any one of the centerlines of the working surfaces of the lithium ion battery.
Further, in the step S2, the waveforms of the ultrasonic reflection signals collected multiple times in the same expansion state are processed, specifically, the waveforms of the ultrasonic reflection signals collected multiple times are subjected to averaging and smoothing, that is, an ultrasonic waveform is obtained by performing superposition and averaging on the ultrasonic reflection signals collected multiple times, and the ultrasonic waveform is subjected to smoothing, where the ultrasonic waveform includes n points, and n=10000.
Further, the A, B, C is calculated by the following steps:
and measuring ultrasonic waveforms of the lithium ion battery in different expansion states, recording corresponding surface stress, fitting linear relations between corresponding ultrasonic signal intensities and battery surface stress to obtain a value of A, B, and calculating the sum of square roots of absolute values of intercept of a fitting curve to obtain a value of a constant C.
Specifically, A, B, C is a constant, and can be obtained through multiple experiments and test results: and measuring ultrasonic reflected wave waveforms of the lithium ion battery in different expansion states, recording corresponding actual surface stress, respectively fitting a linear relation between the corresponding ultrasonic reflected signal intensity and the battery surface stress to obtain a A, B value, and calculating the value of the intercept absolute constant C of the fitting curve.
Wherein, calculateThe value of the term is noted K, calculated +.>The value of the term is R. The calculation results are as follows:
fitting according to the above data yields:
A＝121.3；B＝-0.7；C＝11.2
the model equation is:
referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the present application further provides a device for detecting surface stress of lithium ions, configured to execute the method for detecting surface stress of lithium ions according to the foregoing embodiment, including:
the ultrasonic transducer is used for transmitting ultrasonic pulses to transmit the lithium ion battery and receiving reflected ultrasonic reflection signals;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring ultrasonic reflection signals in different expansion states;
the processing module is used for processing the waveforms of the ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the processed ultrasonic signal value and then calculating the surface stress of the lithium ion battery.
Further, the processing module is specifically configured to perform averaging and smoothing processing on waveforms of the ultrasound reflected signals acquired multiple times in the same expansion state.
Further, the ultrasonic frequency range is 50 kHz-500 kHz.
Further, the included angle between the transducer and the battery to be measured is 30-60 degrees.
Further, the ultrasonic transducer is at least one of a ceramic plate, an electret acoustic sensor and a piezoelectric ultrasonic probe.
The embodiments of the present application have been described above, the foregoing description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the technical improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the surface stress of the lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the lithium ion battery, and collecting ultrasonic reflection signals under different expansion states;
processing waveforms of ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
calculating the surface stress according to the following formula;
wherein X is τ Is of surface stress ofCorresponding to the signal value of the τ -th point on the processed ultrasonic waveform, the ultrasonic waveform includes n points of time, τ=1, 2,3 n; x is X peak Is the maximum value of the ultrasonic wave waveform; μ is an average value of signal values of n points of the ultrasonic waveform; A. b, C are all constant.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, an ultrasonic emission transducer for ultrasonic pulses is placed at any working surface center line of the lithium ion battery.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the waveforms of the ultrasound reflected signals acquired multiple times in the same inflated state are processed, in particular averaged and smoothed.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the A, B, C is calculated by:
and measuring ultrasonic waveforms of the lithium ion battery in different expansion states, recording corresponding actual surface stress, respectively fitting a linear relation between the corresponding ultrasonic signal intensity and the battery surface stress to obtain a value of A, B, and calculating the sum of square roots of absolute values of intercept of a fitting curve to obtain a value of a constant C.
5. A lithium ion surface stress detection device, comprising:
the ultrasonic transducer is used for transmitting ultrasonic pulses to transmit the lithium ion battery and receiving reflected ultrasonic reflection signals;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring ultrasonic reflection signals in different expansion states;
the processing module is used for processing the waveforms of the ultrasonic reflection signals acquired for many times under the same expansion state to obtain processed ultrasonic waveforms;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the processed ultrasonic signal value and then calculating the surface deformation of the lithium ion battery.
6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the processing module is specifically configured to perform an averaging and smoothing process on waveforms of ultrasound reflected signals acquired multiple times in the same expansion state.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the ultrasonic frequency ranges from 50kHz to 500kHz.
8. The device of claim 5, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is angled between 30 ° and 60 ° from the battery to be tested.
9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is at least one of a ceramic wafer, an electret acoustic sensor, and a piezoelectric ultrasonic probe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311138694.0A CN117288359A (en) | 2023-09-04 | 2023-09-04 | Method and device for detecting surface stress of lithium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311138694.0A CN117288359A (en) | 2023-09-04 | 2023-09-04 | Method and device for detecting surface stress of lithium ion battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117288359A true CN117288359A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| CN202311138694.0A Pending CN117288359A (en) | 2023-09-04 | 2023-09-04 | Method and device for detecting surface stress of lithium ion battery |
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- 2023-09-04 CN CN202311138694.0A patent/CN117288359A/en active Pending
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