CN117283095A - Welding process method suitable for titanium alloy bogie of high-speed railway passenger car - Google Patents
Welding process method suitable for titanium alloy bogie of high-speed railway passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN117283095A CN117283095A CN202311036683.1A CN202311036683A CN117283095A CN 117283095 A CN117283095 A CN 117283095A CN 202311036683 A CN202311036683 A CN 202311036683A CN 117283095 A CN117283095 A CN 117283095A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 70
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
- B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work for planar work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding process method for a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway passenger car, which comprises the following steps of: step 1: preparing before welding; step 2: assembling titanium alloy butt welding parts; step 3: welding protection of the titanium alloy butt welding piece; step 4: welding a titanium alloy butt welding piece; step 5: nondestructive testing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece; step 6: the destressing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece can meet the mechanical experimental performance required by product design after the welding process is adopted for welding, and when the welding process is used for welding the welding seam of the titanium alloy bogie structure of the high-speed motor train unit, the welding seam is formed attractive, the whole deformation of the welded framework is small, and the inter-channel temperature and the welding heat input are in a controllable range; the weld grains and the needle-shaped martensitic structure are finer, and the welding operation difficulty is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicle welding, in particular to a welding process method for a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway passenger car.
Background
Titanium alloy is widely used in various fields such as aerospace, petrochemical industry, various ground weaponry and the like because of the outstanding characteristics of high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, high heat resistance, no magnetism, high toughness, weldability and the like. The titanium alloy has good welding performance, and simultaneously, due to the outstanding characteristics of high melting point, poor thermal conductivity, small linear expansion coefficient, high resistivity and the like, the titanium alloy has large liquid molten pool metal size, long high-temperature residence time and low cooling speed in the welding process, and due to the extremely active chemical property of the titanium alloy, the titanium alloy can extremely easily react with elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the like in a high-temperature solid state, so that the mechanical property of a welding joint is rapidly reduced, and welding defects such as cold cracks, air holes and the like are easy to generate, and the welding quality cannot meet the requirements;
therefore, based on the above-mentioned problems, how to provide a welding process method which can meet the performance of mechanical experiments (such as strength, elongation, impact energy, bending angle, hardness, etc.) required by product design after welding and is suitable for welding the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, and the method becomes an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a welding process method for a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway passenger car, after the welding process method is adopted for welding, a weldment can meet the performance of mechanical experiments (such as strength, elongation, impact power, bending angle, hardness and the like) required by product design, and when the welding process method is adopted for welding a welding line of the titanium alloy bogie structure of the high-speed motor train unit, the welding line is attractive in appearance, the whole deformation of a welded framework is small, and the temperature between roads and the welding heat input are in a controllable range; the weld grains and needle-like martensitic structure are finer; the welding operation difficulty is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention discloses a welding process method for a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway passenger car, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1: preparing before welding;
step 2: assembling titanium alloy butt welding parts;
step 3: welding protection of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 4: welding a titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 5: nondestructive testing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 6: destressing the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
wherein, step 2.1: before the titanium alloy butt welding parts are assembled, firstly polishing and cleaning the welding area by using ceramic louver blades, polishing until the metal luster is leaked, and wiping and cleaning the polishing area of the louver blades and the surface of the welding rod again by using non-woven fabrics dipped with acetone or alcohol;
step 2.2: the welding parts are placed in a welding area by adopting a welding device during the assembly and welding of the titanium alloy butt welding parts, the reserve anti-deformation allowance of the welding parts is adjusted through a sliding cushion block, and the whole post-deformation amount of the welding parts is less than or equal to 2 degrees after welding;
step 2.3: assembling and spot-welding the titanium alloy butt welding parts, wherein the initial welding end of the assembling gap is 2.5mm, the final welding end is 3.0mm, and the spot-welding length is 20mm;
step 2.4: fixedly welding a starting welding end and a final welding end point, and polishing the side of a welding area to form a slope of about 45 degrees;
step 2.5: and sealing the welding area by using a non-transfer paper adhesive tape before the butt welding of the titanium alloy butt welding part assembly, and carrying out argon filling preparation with the flow rate of not lower than 15L/min and the time of 5min on the welding device.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 7: making and implementing a repair welding process of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 8: and removing residual stress after repair welding of the titanium alloy butt welding piece.
Further, step 1.1: the welding equipment adopts an OTC VAP-300 argon tungsten-arc welder;
step 1.2: the welding torch nozzle adopts a 12# large-caliber ceramic nozzle, and the flow guide body adopts a flow guide body with a screen;
step 1.3: the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 2mm, the end head of the tungsten electrode is required to be longitudinally ground into a conical shape with the angle of 45 degrees by adopting a diamond or polishing sheet, and the extension length of the tungsten electrode is 5mm plus or minus 2mm compared with that of a porcelain nozzle;
step 1.4: the titanium alloy butt welding piece is made of TC4; the welding rod is a TC4 TIG welding rod which is made of the same material as the base material;
step 1.5: argon gas purity is not lower than 99.99% high purity argon;
step 1.6: acetone or alcohol;
step 1.7: a plurality of hard alloy rotary files, a plurality of ceramic louver blades and a plurality of cylindrical grinding heads;
step 1.8: the device comprises a straight mill set, an angle mill set, a high-pressure air gun set, a temperature measuring device set, a plurality of non-transfer paper adhesive tapes and a plurality of non-woven fabrics.
Further, step 3.1: experiment on a plurality of groups of titanium alloy butt welds;
step 3.2: the method comprises the specific operation of butt welding and fastening the assembled titanium alloy in a welding device, performing rigid constraint, continuously filling argon and simultaneously starting a cooling cycle.
Further, step 4.1: the TIG welding torch is held by the right hand of the left hand welding rod, the tip of the tungsten electrode points to the root of the groove of the titanium alloy butt welding piece, the distance from the tungsten electrode to the titanium alloy butt welding piece plate is 1-2mm, and an included angle between the welding torch and the welding piece is 70-90 degrees;
step 4.2: in the formal welding process, arc striking is carried out at the position 1-2mm away from the root of the slope of the initial welding end of the titanium alloy welding piece, and when the root of the groove is melted, the left hand welding rod is used for conveying the end head of the welding rod to the melting position of the root of the groove of the titanium alloy welding piece to form a molten pool; removing the welding rod, continuously moving the welding torch leftwards, and continuously repeating the feeding action of the welding rod by observing the left hand of the molten pool until the welding operation of backing welding is completed;
step 4.3: the welding process is to take another hand to hold the titanium alloy argon protective towing cover all the time, and the protective towing cover is buckled and placed in a welding area to synchronously move with the welding torch at a distance of 8-12 mm;
step 4.4: the first layer of the filling layer is arranged in a one-layer two-way mode, and the second layer is arranged to the cover surface in a three-way mode;
step 4.5: after each welding process, the temperature of the welding seam is checked by using a temperature measuring device, when the temperature is higher than 300 ℃, the welding is suspended, and after the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃ or lower, the subsequent welding can be continued.
Further, step 5.1: researching the propagation rule of ultrasonic waves in the titanium alloy material by utilizing a titanium alloy real object test block;
step 5.2: digital real-time imaging X-ray detection technology research.
Further, step 6.1: and (3) mechanically removing stress, namely removing residual stress of welding parts by using an ultrasonic impact means.
Further, step 7.1: in the production and manufacturing process, the product is subjected to welding quality inspection, and defects exceeding the standard allowance are found to be subjected to repair treatment;
step 7.2: determining welding defects, repairing and welding the welding defects, and before repairing and welding, confirming the characteristics of the generated positions, the size, the shape, the depth and the like of the defects in advance, and analyzing the generated reasons, welding technicians, welding quality inspectors and welders;
step 7.3: the number of times of repair is specified, and the repair of the welding joint should not exceed 2 times in position;
step 7.4: and (3) performing repair of welding defects, and removing the defects: firstly, defect removal: the defects can be removed by adopting a processing method such as an alloy rotary file or mechanical processing, grinding by using a silicate grinding wheel with high carbon content is strictly forbidden, the defects are removed, and after the defects are removed, a permeation nondestructive testing method is adopted;
step 7.5: performing repairing;
step 7.5.1: the repairing welding method adopts argon tungsten-arc welding;
step 7.5.2: the welding material and the shielding gas are used for product welding, and the purity of argon for argon arc welding is not less than 99.99%;
step 7.5.3: determining welding process and parameters;
step 7.5.4: preparing grooves or grooves with different forms according to the weld joint structure, the position, the stress state and the defect size after the defects are removed during welding, adopting multi-layer repair welding, wherein the highest inter-bead temperature is lower than the highest inter-bead temperature specified by the original weld joint;
step 7.5.5: welding: the current should be reduced to prevent the joint from overheating, the length of each welding line is short, the length of each welding line is not more than 10-15mm, the length of each welding line is not more than 30-50mm for thick-wall welding lines, and the next welding line is welded when each welding line is cooled to below 80 ℃;
step 7.5.6: the repair welding operation should be avoided under severe weather conditions, and the temperature and the humidity of the working environment should meet the rule of the original welding line;
step 7.5.7: when repairing the welded seam without post-welding heat treatment, each layer of welding repair can be accompanied with hammering technology to eliminate stress during repairing welding, the welded seam requiring heat treatment is subjected to heat treatment after repairing as required by the heat treatment of the original welded piece, and after the heat treatment is finished, the welded seam is carefully polished to be basically consistent with the original welded seam.
Further, step 8.1: nondestructive testing of the repair area, wherein the nondestructive testing of the repair area, the visual testing of the repair area and the periphery thereof, the external dimension measurement and the penetration testing are performed after the repair area is cooled to room temperature for a certain time, and the inspection area comprises the repair area and the width range of 15mm around;
step 8.2: the radiographic inspection or ultrasonic inspection, wherein the inspection range comprises a repair welding seam and the width range around the repair welding seam, and when the thickness of a welding piece is not less than 30m, the width range of a surrounding area is not less than 10mm; when the base material thickness is less than 30mm, the width range of the peripheral region is not less than 5mm.
Further, the welding device comprises a device body with a welding area on the upper surface;
the pressing devices are fixedly connected with the device main body and are circumferentially distributed along the welding area, and the cushion blocks are distributed at positions of the welding area corresponding to the pressing rods of the pressing devices and used for blocking the welding parts from being deformed reversely;
the welding area is in sealing contact with the lower surface of the welding piece through a sealing body corresponding to the edge position of the welding piece, so that the pressing device presses the welding piece, and the device main body forms a protection cavity at the lower part of the welding piece;
and an air inlet pipe communicated with the protection cavity is arranged on one side of the device main body and used for conveying gas towards the protection cavity.
In the technical scheme, the welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car has the beneficial effects that:
the method fills the blank precedent that titanium alloy materials are used as the base materials of the bogies of the high-speed motor train units worldwide, and accumulates precious experimental data and skill operation experience for further developing a new generation of high-speed motor train units in China; meanwhile, the method has important practical significance for the development of high-speed rail coaches in China;
after the welding process is adopted for welding, the weldment can meet the performance of mechanical experiments (such as strength, elongation, impact energy, bending angle, hardness and the like) required by product design, and when the welding process is utilized for welding the welding seam of the titanium alloy bogie structure of the high-speed motor train unit, the welding seam is formed attractive, the whole deformation of the welded framework is small, and the inter-channel temperature and the welding heat input are in a controllable range; the weld grains and needle-like martensitic structure are finer; the welding operation difficulty is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding structure of a weldment of the welding process method suitable for a high-speed railway passenger car titanium alloy bogie;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a welding device suitable for the welding process method of the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a welding device suitable for the welding process method of the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a welding device suitable for the welding process method of the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the disclosed welding device suitable for the welding process method of the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage;
FIG. 6 is a graph of weld parameter data for a weldment of the method of the present invention for a high speed rail bus titanium alloy bogie welding process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a filler layer of the disclosed welding process for a titanium alloy bogie of a high speed railway passenger car;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an impact experiment of the welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic impact test plate structure of the welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a test panel residual stress test after impact for a welding process method of a titanium alloy bogie suitable for a high-speed railway carriage, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 11 is a comparative schematic diagram of transverse residual stress of the disclosed welding process method for a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway carriage;
FIG. 12 is a comparative schematic diagram of the longitudinal residual stress of the disclosed welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a groove form of the disclosed welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of an insert of the disclosed welding process for a titanium alloy bogie of a high speed railway carriage;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a welding sequence of a short-segment intermittent welding process method suitable for a high-speed railway passenger car titanium alloy bogie, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the position of each weld bead of the welding process suitable for the high-speed railway carriage titanium alloy bogie disclosed by the invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a layer welding sequence of the welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway carriage, which is disclosed by the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a device body; 2. a cushion block; 3. an air tank; 4. a gas manifold; 5. a water inlet pipe; 6. a water outlet pipe; 7. an air inlet pipe; 8. an air outlet pipe; 9. a sealing body; 10. a compacting device; 11. and installing the jack on the tool.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1;
the invention is suitable for a welding process method of a titanium alloy bogie of a high-speed railway passenger car, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing before welding;
step 2: assembling titanium alloy butt welding parts;
step 3: welding protection of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 4: welding a titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 5: nondestructive testing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 6: repairing experiments of titanium alloy butt welding parts;
step 7: making and implementing a repair welding process of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 8: removing residual stress after repair welding of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
step 1: preparation before welding:
step 1.1: the welding equipment adopts an OTC VAP-300 argon tungsten-arc welder;
step 1.2: the welding torch nozzle adopts a 12# large-caliber ceramic nozzle, and the flow guide body adopts a flow guide body with a screen;
step 1.3: the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 2mm, the end head of the tungsten electrode is required to be longitudinally ground into a conical shape with the angle of 45 degrees by adopting a diamond or polishing sheet, and the extension length of the tungsten electrode is 5mm plus or minus 2mm (the number of welding layers is adjusted according to the welding position) compared with the extension length of the porcelain nozzle;
step 1.4: the specification of the titanium alloy butt welding piece is 350mm, 150mm, 14mm and 60 DEG, and the material is TC4; the welding rod is a TC4 type TIG welding rod which is made of the same material as the parent metal, and according to GB/T3623-2007 titanium and titanium alloy wires, the welding wire composition is subjected to factory re-inspection, and meanwhile test plate welding, flaw detection and tensile property testing are carried out, so that the results are all qualified.
Step 1.5: argon gas purity is not lower than 99.99% high purity argon;
step 1.6: acetone or alcohol (used for cleaning and wiping the groove of the test piece and the welding rod).
Step 1.7: a plurality of hard alloy rotary files, a plurality of ceramic louver blades and a plurality of cylindrical grinding heads;
step 1.8: a set of direct grinding machine, a set of angle grinding machine, a set of high-pressure air gun, a set of temperature measuring device, a plurality of non-transfer paper adhesive tapes and a plurality of non-woven fabrics;
step 2: assembling titanium alloy butt welding parts:
step 2.1: before assembling the titanium alloy butt-joint weldments, firstly polishing and cleaning a welding area (a groove, a blunt edge and an area with 20mm range on two sides of the groove) by using ceramic louver blades, polishing until the metal luster is leaked, and wiping and cleaning the polishing area of the louver blades and the surface of a welding rod again by using non-woven fabrics dipped with acetone or alcohol;
step 2.2: for the titanium alloy butt welding part assembly, a welding device (shown in figure 2) is adopted to place the welding part in a welding area during welding and the welding part assembly, the reserve anti-deformation allowance of the welding part is adjusted through a sliding cushion block, and the whole post-deformation amount of the welding part can be less than or equal to 2 degrees after welding;
step 2.3: assembling and spot-welding the titanium alloy butt-welded parts, wherein the initial welding end of the assembling gap is 2.5mm, the final welding end of the assembling gap is 3.0mm, and the spot-welding length is 20mm (shown in figure 1);
step 2.4: and (3) fixedly welding the initial welding end and the final welding end, and polishing the side of the welding area to be a slope of about 45 degrees, so that the welding seams are convenient to be connected and fused together.
Step 2.5: sealing the welding area in a sealing way by using a non-transfer paper adhesive tape before the butt welding of the titanium alloy butt welding part assembly, and carrying out argon filling preparation with the flow rate of not lower than 15L/min and the time of 5min on the welding device; when spot welding, only the paper adhesive tape initial welding end and final welding end spot welding area sealed on the titanium alloy butt joint test plate are required to be uncovered (not completely uncovered) so as to avoid excessive release of argon in the welding device.
Step 3: welding protection of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 3.1: experiments on a plurality of groups of titanium alloy butt welds show that finer weld grains and finer needle-shaped martensite can be obtained by low heat input during TIG welding of titanium alloy after the experiments; the welding performance is influenced by factors such as heat input, interlayer temperature, purity of shielding gas, flow, structural form and size of a nozzle, and the like, and an optimal design experiment is carried out after a TIG welding parameter range is carried out so as to obtain optimal parameter combinations, wherein welding parameter data (shown in fig. 6) of each welding piece are as follows:
step 3.2: the method comprises the following steps of specifically operating, butt welding and fastening assembled titanium alloy in a welding device, carrying out rigid constraint, continuously filling argon, and simultaneously starting a cooling cycle;
step 4: welding a titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 4.1: the TIG welding torch is held by the left hand of the welding rod and the right hand of the welding rod, the tip of the tungsten electrode points to the root of the groove of the titanium alloy butt welding piece and is 1-2mm away from the titanium alloy butt welding piece plate, and the welding torch forms an included angle of 70-90 degrees with the welding piece. The wrist can lean against the edge of the welding device to slide at a constant speed from right to left during welding, and the edge of the porcelain nozzle of the welding torch can also lean against the edge of the groove of the titanium alloy welding piece to increase the stability of the welding torch during welding;
step 4.2: in the formal welding process, arc striking is carried out at the position 1-2mm away from the root of the slope of the initial welding end of the titanium alloy welding piece, and when the root of the groove is melted, the left hand welding rod is used for conveying the end head of the welding rod to the melting position of the root of the groove of the titanium alloy welding piece to form a molten pool; removing the welding rod, continuously moving the welding torch leftwards, and continuously repeating the feeding action of the welding rod by observing the left hand of the molten pool until the welding operation of backing welding is completed;
step 4.3: the welding needs another hand to hold the titanium alloy argon protection drag cover all the time, the protection drag cover is buckled and placed in the welding area and moves synchronously with the welding torch at a distance of about 10mm, the purpose of argon coverage protection of the welding area is achieved, and oxidation of the titanium alloy material caused by absorption of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the like in air due to welding heating is prevented;
step 4.4: the first layer of the filling layer is arranged in a one-layer two-way mode, the second layer is arranged to the cover surface in a three-way mode (shown in figure 7), and experiments prove that the welding arrangement mode can reduce the welding stress to the greatest extent.
Step 4.5: after each welding process, the temperature of the welding seam is checked by using a temperature measuring device, when the temperature is higher than 300 ℃, the welding is suspended, and after the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃ or lower, the subsequent welding can be continued.
Step 5: nondestructive testing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 5.1: the propagation rule of ultrasonic waves in the titanium alloy material is researched by utilizing the titanium alloy real object test block, and the propagation characteristics and attenuation characteristics of the ultrasonic waves in the titanium alloy material are proved to be similar to those of the ultrasonic waves in the aluminum alloy material;
the phased array ultrasonic detection is carried out on the physical test block with the artificial defect, so that the positioning and quantitative detection of the artificial defect can be realized, and the internal detection of the titanium alloy weld seam by using the phased array ultrasonic detection method is proved to be feasible.
Step 5.2: digital real-time imaging X-ray detection technology research;
the titanium alloy welding seam is detected by utilizing a digital real-time imaging X-ray detection technology, so that digital real-time imaging can be realized, and an imaging result has higher resolution.
In summary, the internal detection of the titanium alloy welding seam can be realized by utilizing the phased array ultrasonic detection technology and the digital real-time imaging X-ray detection technology, and a specific detection scheme can be selected according to the structural form and the characteristics of the framework welding seam.
Step 6: destressing the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 6.1: mechanical stress relief, namely, for welding residual stress relief, ultrasonic impact means are used for relieving the residual stress of a weldment;
mechanical stress relief schemes such as high-frequency vibration and ultrasonic impact are researched, wherein the ultrasonic impact scheme has mature research and development application cases in the industry, can effectively change stress distribution of a welding line region and improve fatigue life by 60%, and on the premise of comprehensively considering the current situation of equipment, process implementation, process maturity and removal effect of welding residual stress, the ultrasonic impact means is determined to be used for removing residual stress of a weldment, namely a framework;
the project is subjected to welding state full restraint, heat treatment state and ultrasonic impact state (impact for 4 times) residual stress comparison, and the ultrasonic wave and heat treatment residual stress removal results are similar.
During testing, aiming the impact needle at the weld toe to ensure that the widths of one side of the weld joint and one side of the base metal are approximately the same and the impact needle repeatedly impacts back and forth on the weld toe within a certain range along the longitudinal direction of the weld joint (as shown in figures 8-12);
for ultrasonic stress relief process evaluation and simulated sample process verification, the method can be used for measuring residual stress after ultrasonic impact by a micropore method, and for evaluating ultrasonic stress relief effect of a physical component.
Step 7: making and implementing a repair welding process of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 7.1: and (3) establishing a repair welding process, wherein in the production and manufacturing process, the product is subjected to welding quality inspection, and defects exceeding the standard allowance are found to be repaired. It should be noted that even if strict weld quality control and inspection of weld process assurance conditions are implemented, repair problems of weld defects can only occur under individual conditions. At the same time, repair of defects is more difficult and complicated than welding a new workpiece or product in a sense, so repair welding of workpieces must follow repair process rules and establish a reasonable repair process.
Step 7.2: determining welding defects, repairing and welding the welding defects, and before repairing and welding, confirming the characteristics of the generated positions, the sizes, the shapes, the depths and the like of the defects in advance, and analyzing the generated reasons, welding technicians, welding quality inspectors and welders together so as to formulate corresponding repairing processes. If the important factors or supplementary important factors in the established repair process are different from the original welding process according to the relevant standards, the process assessment should be carried out again. Since the process during repair and the process during product welding may be different, such as welding by argon tungsten-arc welding and repairing by manual welding, it is necessary to evaluate the welding process before repair. The repair requires the welder, who acts as a repair must be a welder who is on duty for the certification according to the relevant standards or regulations.
Step 7.3: the regulation of the number of repairs is different depending on the difference in product conditions between the standards and specifications, but most regulations require that the repair of the welded joint should not be performed more than 2 times in position. If the number of times exceeds 2, the repair scheme formulation must be carried out after the discussion of the related personnel when the 3 rd repair is carried out, and it should be pointed out that the weld part is subjected to non-uniform organization and complex stress state due to the increase of the heat input times after the repair for many times, which is disadvantageous to the reliability of safe use of the product.
The basis, relevant standards and regulations of repair welding measures and the degree and variety of stress states are formulated, and it is worth noting that new heat can be input into welding parts during repair welding, additional internal stress is generated and deformation is caused. It is necessary to consider whether the weldment should be heat treated.
Step 7.4: and (3) performing repair of welding defects, and removing the defects: firstly, defect removal: the defects can be removed by adopting a processing method such as an alloy rotary file or mechanical processing, and grinding by using a silicate grinding wheel with high carbon content is strictly forbidden;
after the defect is removed, a seepage (PT) nondestructive testing method is adopted, and other nondestructive testing methods can be used for checking to confirm whether the defect is completely removed or not, which is an important step of repair welding;
step 7.5: performing repairing;
step 7.5.1: the repairing welding method adopts argon tungsten-arc welding, and if the welding conditions of the product have special regulations, the repairing welding method is carried out according to the relevant regulations;
step 7.5.2: the welding material and the shielding gas are used for repairing, the welding material is a material which is allowed to be used for product welding, and the purity of argon for argon arc welding is not less than 99.99%.
Step 7.5.3: the welding process of repair welding comprises a defect removal method, a welding wire model, a welding wire diameter, a welding current, a welding speed, interlayer temperature control, a welding level and sequence, post-welding heat treatment, a welding quality inspection method, a qualification standard and the like, and the repair welding process of an important workpiece is required to be subjected to process assessment.
Step 7.5.3.1: the repair process is carried out according to the qualified process of the corresponding standard evaluation, and adopts a welding wire with smaller diameter in the effective evaluation range, and simultaneously selects the lower limit value of the welding current and adopts narrow welding bead welding as much as possible.
Step 7.5.4: in the process of welding the grooves or grooves with the defects removed, grooves with different forms are prepared according to the structure, the position, the stress state and the defect size of the welding seam, multi-layer repair welding is adopted, the highest inter-bead temperature is lower than the highest inter-bead temperature specified by the original welding seam, and specifically, the grooves: the multipurpose U-shaped groove is smaller than the V-shaped fusion ratio, and the groove is shown in figure 13;
step 7.5.4.1: when the titanium alloy has larger welding defects, larger stress is generated during repair, so that cold cracks are generated, the insert can be prepared according to the defect shape, the insert is a titanium alloy plate with the thickness of 3mm, and the insert can be arc-shaped or provided with a notch (shown in fig. 14) for reducing the stress.
Step 7.5.5: welding: the current should be reduced to prevent the joint from overheating, the length of each welding line is short, the length of each welding line is not more than 10-15mm, the length of each welding line is not more than 30-50mm for thick-wall welding lines, and the next welding line is welded when each welding line is cooled to below 80 ℃;
specifically, for thin plate workpieces (s=5-10 mm), the length of each weld joint is generally not more than 10-15mm (as shown in fig. 12 and 13), for thick wall weldments, not more than 30-50mm, the welding speed is high, and the next weld joint is welded when each weld joint is cooled to below 80 ℃. Wherein, the welding sequence of the short-section intermittent welding is shown in fig. 15, the position of each welding path is shown in fig. 16, and the layer welding sequence is shown in fig. 17;
step 7.5.6: the repair welding operation should be avoided under severe weather conditions, and the temperature and the humidity of the working environment should meet the rule of the original welding line;
step 7.5.7: when repairing the welded seam without post-welding heat treatment, each layer of welding repair can be accompanied with hammering technology to eliminate stress during repairing welding, the welded seam requiring heat treatment is subjected to heat treatment after repairing as required by the heat treatment of the original welded piece, and after the heat treatment is finished, the welded seam is carefully polished to be basically consistent with the original welded seam.
Step 8: removing residual stress after repair welding of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 8.1: nondestructive testing of the repair area, wherein the nondestructive testing of the repair area, the visual testing of the repair area and the periphery thereof, the external dimension measurement and the penetration testing are performed after the repair area is cooled to room temperature for a certain time, and the inspection area comprises the repair area and the width range of 15mm around;
step 8.2: the radiographic inspection or ultrasonic inspection, wherein the inspection range comprises a repair welding seam and the width range around the repair welding seam, and when the thickness of a welding piece is not less than 30m, the width range of a surrounding area is not less than 10mm; when the thickness of the base material is less than 30mm, the width range of the surrounding area is not less than 5mm;
the invention also discloses a welding device suitable for welding the titanium alloy butt plate of the high-speed railway carriage, which comprises:
a device main body 1 having a welding area on an upper surface;
the plurality of pressing devices 10 are fixedly connected with the device main body 1 and are circumferentially distributed along a welding area, and cushion blocks 2 are arranged at positions of the welding area corresponding to the pressing rods of the pressing devices 10 and used for preventing the welding parts from being deformed reversely;
wherein, the welding area is in sealing contact with the lower surface of the weldment through a sealing body 9 corresponding to the edge position of the weldment, so that the pressing device 10 presses the weldment, and the device main body 1 forms a protection cavity at the lower part of the weldment;
an air inlet pipe 7 communicated with the protection cavity is arranged on one side of the device main body 1 and is used for conveying gas towards the protection cavity;
specifically, in the structure, the upper surface of the device main body 1 bears a weldment to be welded through a welding area, the weldment is two butt-welded titanium alloy plates in the prior art, a plurality of pressing devices 10 are circumferentially arranged in the welding area, the pressing devices 10 are horizontal rapid clamps in the prior art, the rapid clamps apply pressing force from the upper part of the weldment through pressure rods, the device main body 1 is positioned in the welding area, cushion blocks 2 are slidingly connected at positions corresponding to the pressure rods, the weldment is blocked from being reversely deformed through the cushion blocks 2, sealing bodies 9 are arranged at positions corresponding to the edges of the weldment in the welding area, the sealing bodies 9 are in contact with the lower surface of the weldment, and are preferably high-temperature-resistant sealing strips disclosed in publication No. CN210738420U and produced by Ningbo Fender sealing technology Co., ltd, when the pressing devices 10 press the weldment, the device main body 1 forms a protection cavity at the lower part of the weldment, one side of the device main body 1 is used for conveying gas required when welding towards a protection cavity through an air inlet pipe 7, the gas is argon, the device effectively solves the problems that the high-speed titanium alloy plate is oxidized and cannot be prevented from entering the welding device through the sealing strips when the high-temperature-resistant sealing strips and can not be subjected to the sealing device;
preferably, the device main body 1 is positioned at the air inlet position in the protection cavity, an air groove 3 is formed, an air splitter plate 4 is inserted in the air groove 3, a plurality of splitter holes are formed in the air splitter plate 4, and the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet pipe 7. The gas splitter plate 4 comprises two gas splitter plates, the gas tank 3 is positioned at the gas inlet position, slots are formed in the side wall of the middle part of the gas tank 3, the gas splitter plates 4 are connected with the gas splitter plate 4 in a plugging manner through the slots, and the gas splitter plate 4 is guided through a plurality of splitter holes, so that the buffer and splitting effects are achieved on argon entering the gas tank 3, the protected area is more uniform, and the length direction of the gas tank 3 is parallel to the length direction of a welding line;
preferably, the device main body 1 is far away from the air inlet end and is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is communicated with the air tank 3, the air outlet end of the air outlet is provided with an air outlet pipe 8, the height of the air outlet pipe 8 is larger than that of the air inlet pipe 7, in the structure, air is ensured to enter from the air inlet at one end of the air tank 3 through the air outlet, and is exhausted from the air outlet at the other end, and the air can flow through the whole air tank 3.
Preferably, a first groove is formed on the upper surface of the device main body 1, a sealing body 9 of a closed annular structure is arranged in the first groove, and the first groove is a welding area. Specifically, in this structure, the projection of device main part 1 on the horizontal plane is the quadrangle structure, and the closed annular structure that first recess, sealing body 9 formed is the quadrangle structure, and frock installation jack 11 has been seted up to device main part 1 adjacent to the lateral wall of air inlet, is connected with external equipment through frock installation jack 11.
Preferably, the first recess is located the 9 inner rings of seal body and has seted up the second recess, and specifically, the second recess is the quadrangle recess, is formed with the protection cavity through second recess and weldment lower surface, and air tank 3 has been seted up at the second recess middle part, and the spout is seted up to the second recess diapire in air tank 3 both sides, through spout and cushion 2 sliding connection, spout length direction axis perpendicular to air tank 3 length direction axis, through the spout, conveniently follows air tank 3 width direction adjustment cushion 2 position, convenient to use.
Preferably, a circulating water pipe is laid below the welding area in the device main body 1, the device main body 1 is provided with a water inlet pipe 5 and a water outlet pipe 6 at the side of the air inlet pipe 7, the water inlet pipe 5 is communicated with the water inlet end of the circulating water pipe, the water outlet pipe 6 is communicated with the water outlet end of the circulating water pipe, and when the device is in operation, circulating water enters the circulating water pipe from the water inlet pipe 5 and flows back to the water tank after being discharged from the water outlet pipe 6, and the preferable circulating water pipe is copper pipe and is connected with the water tank through the circulating water pipe arranged in the device, so that the device main body 1 and the high-temperature titanium alloy butt joint plate can be cooled.
In the technical scheme, the welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, provided by the invention, not only fills the blank precedent that the titanium alloy material is used as the mother material of the bogie of the high-speed motor train unit worldwide, but also accumulates precious experimental data and skill operation experience for further developing a new generation of high-speed motor train unit in China; meanwhile, the method has important practical significance for the development of high-speed rail coaches in China;
after the welding process is adopted for welding, the weldment can meet the performance of mechanical experiments (such as strength, elongation, impact energy, bending angle, hardness and the like) required by product design, and when the welding process is utilized for welding the welding seam of the titanium alloy bogie structure of the high-speed motor train unit, the welding seam is formed attractive, the whole deformation of the welded framework is small, and the inter-channel temperature and the welding heat input are in a controllable range; the weld grains and needle-like martensitic structure are finer; the welding operation difficulty is low.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: preparing before welding;
step 2: assembling titanium alloy butt welding parts;
step 3: welding protection of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 4: welding a titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 5: nondestructive testing of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 6: destressing the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
wherein, step 2.1: before the titanium alloy butt welding parts are assembled, firstly polishing and cleaning the welding area by using ceramic louver blades, polishing until the metal luster is leaked, and wiping and cleaning the polishing area of the louver blades and the surface of the welding rod again by using non-woven fabrics dipped with acetone or alcohol;
step 2.2: the welding parts are placed in a welding area by adopting a welding device during the assembly and welding of the titanium alloy butt welding parts, the reserve anti-deformation allowance of the welding parts is regulated by a sliding cushion block (2), and the whole deformation of the welding parts after welding is less than or equal to 2 degrees;
step 2.3: assembling and spot-welding the titanium alloy butt welding parts, wherein the initial welding end of the assembling gap is 2.5mm, the final welding end is 3.0mm, and the spot-welding length is 20mm;
step 2.4: fixedly welding a starting welding end and a final welding end point, and polishing the side of a welding area to form a slope of about 45 degrees;
step 2.5: and sealing the welding area by using a non-transfer paper adhesive tape before the butt welding of the titanium alloy butt welding part assembly, and carrying out argon filling preparation with the flow rate of not lower than 15L/min and the time of 5min on the welding device.
2. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
the method further comprises the steps of:
step 7: making and implementing a repair welding process of the titanium alloy butt welding piece;
step 8: and removing residual stress after repair welding of the titanium alloy butt welding piece.
3. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
step 1.1: the welding equipment adopts an OTC VAP-300 argon tungsten-arc welder;
step 1.2: the welding torch nozzle adopts a 12# large-caliber ceramic nozzle, and the flow guide body adopts a flow guide body with a screen;
step 1.3: the diameter of the tungsten electrode is 2mm, the end head of the tungsten electrode is required to be longitudinally ground into a conical shape with the angle of 45 degrees by adopting a diamond or polishing sheet, and the extension length of the tungsten electrode is 5mm plus or minus 2mm compared with that of a porcelain nozzle;
step 1.4: the titanium alloy butt welding piece is made of TC4; the welding rod is a TC4 TIG welding rod which is made of the same material as the base material;
step 1.5: argon gas purity is not lower than 99.99% high purity argon;
step 1.6: acetone or alcohol;
step 1.7: a plurality of hard alloy rotary files, a plurality of ceramic louver blades and a plurality of cylindrical grinding heads;
step 1.8: the device comprises a straight mill set, an angle mill set, a high-pressure air gun set, a temperature measuring device set, a plurality of non-transfer paper adhesive tapes and a plurality of non-woven fabrics.
4. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
step 3.1: experiment on a plurality of groups of titanium alloy butt welds;
step 3.2: the method comprises the specific operation of butt welding and fastening the assembled titanium alloy in a welding device, performing rigid constraint, continuously filling argon and simultaneously starting a cooling cycle.
5. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
step 4.1: the TIG welding torch is held by the right hand of the left hand welding rod, the tip of the tungsten electrode points to the root of the groove of the titanium alloy butt welding piece, the distance from the tungsten electrode to the titanium alloy butt welding piece plate is 1-2mm, and an included angle between the welding torch and the welding piece is 70-90 degrees;
step 4.2: in the formal welding process, arc striking is carried out at the position 1-2mm away from the root of the slope of the initial welding end of the titanium alloy welding piece, and when the root of the groove is melted, the left hand welding rod is used for conveying the end head of the welding rod to the melting position of the root of the groove of the titanium alloy welding piece to form a molten pool; removing the welding rod, continuously moving the welding torch leftwards, and continuously repeating the feeding action of the welding rod by observing the left hand of the molten pool until the welding operation of backing welding is completed;
step 4.3: the welding process is to take another hand to hold the titanium alloy argon protective towing cover all the time, and the protective towing cover is buckled and placed in a welding area to synchronously move with the welding torch at a distance of 8-12 mm;
step 4.4: the first layer of the filling layer is arranged in a one-layer two-way mode, and the second layer is arranged to the cover surface in a three-way mode;
step 4.5: after each welding process, the temperature of the welding seam is checked by using a temperature measuring device, when the temperature is higher than 300 ℃, the welding is suspended, and after the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃ or lower, the subsequent welding can be continued.
6. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
step 5.1: researching the propagation rule of ultrasonic waves in the titanium alloy material by utilizing a titanium alloy real object test block;
step 5.2: digital real-time imaging X-ray detection technology research.
7. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
step 6.1: and (3) mechanically removing stress, namely removing residual stress of welding parts by using an ultrasonic impact means.
8. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that;
step 7.1: in the production and manufacturing process, the product is subjected to welding quality inspection, and defects exceeding the standard allowance are found to be subjected to repair treatment;
step 7.2: determining welding defects, repairing and welding the welding defects, and before repairing and welding, confirming the characteristics of the generated positions, the size, the shape, the depth and the like of the defects in advance, and analyzing the generated reasons, welding technicians, welding quality inspectors and welders;
step 7.3: the number of times of repair is specified, and the repair of the welding joint should not exceed 2 times in position;
step 7.4: and (3) performing repair of welding defects, and removing the defects: firstly, defect removal: the defects can be removed by adopting a processing method such as an alloy rotary file or mechanical processing, grinding by using a silicate grinding wheel with high carbon content is strictly forbidden, the defects are removed, and after the defects are removed, a permeation nondestructive testing method is adopted;
step 7.5: performing repairing;
step 7.5.1: the repairing welding method adopts argon tungsten-arc welding;
step 7.5.2: the welding material and the shielding gas are used for product welding, and the purity of argon for argon arc welding is not less than 99.99%;
step 7.5.3: determining welding process and parameters;
step 7.5.4: preparing grooves or grooves with different forms according to the weld joint structure, the position, the stress state and the defect size after the defects are removed during welding, adopting multi-layer repair welding, wherein the highest inter-bead temperature is lower than the highest inter-bead temperature specified by the original weld joint;
step 7.5.5: welding: the current should be reduced to prevent the joint from overheating, the length of each welding line is short, the length of each welding line is not more than 10-15mm, the length of each welding line is not more than 30-50mm for thick-wall welding lines, and the next welding line is welded when each welding line is cooled to below 80 ℃;
step 7.5.6: the repair welding operation should be avoided under severe weather conditions, and the temperature and the humidity of the working environment should meet the rule of the original welding line;
step 7.5.7: when repairing the welded seam without post-welding heat treatment, each layer of welding repair can be accompanied with hammering technology to eliminate stress during repairing welding, the welded seam requiring heat treatment is subjected to heat treatment after repairing as required by the heat treatment of the original welded piece, and after the heat treatment is finished, the welded seam is carefully polished to be basically consistent with the original welded seam.
9. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that;
step 8.1: nondestructive testing of the repair area, wherein the nondestructive testing of the repair area, the visual testing of the repair area and the periphery thereof, the external dimension measurement and the penetration testing are performed after the repair area is cooled to room temperature for a certain time, and the inspection area comprises the repair area and the width range of 15mm around;
step 8.2: the radiographic inspection or ultrasonic inspection, wherein the inspection range comprises a repair welding seam and the width range around the repair welding seam, and when the thickness of a welding piece is not less than 30m, the width range of a surrounding area is not less than 10mm; when the base material thickness is less than 30mm, the width range of the peripheral region is not less than 5mm.
10. The welding process method for the titanium alloy bogie of the high-speed railway passenger car, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that;
the welding device comprises a device body (1) with a welding area on the upper surface;
the plurality of pressing devices (10) are used for pressing welding pieces, are fixedly connected with the device main body (1) and are circumferentially distributed along the welding area, and the cushion blocks (2) are distributed at positions, corresponding to the pressing rods of the pressing devices (10), of the welding area and are used for blocking the welding pieces from being deformed reversely;
the welding area is in sealing contact with the lower surface of the welding piece through a sealing body (9) corresponding to the edge position of the welding piece, so that the pressing device (10) presses the welding piece, and the device main body (1) forms a protection cavity at the lower part of the welding piece;
an air inlet pipe (7) communicated with the protection cavity is arranged on one side of the device main body (1) and used for conveying gas towards the protection cavity.
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| CN117840624A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-09 | 天津市宝瑞鑫达钢铁有限公司 | Welding device and method for photovoltaic bracket |
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2023
- 2023-08-17 CN CN202311036683.1A patent/CN117283095A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117840624A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-09 | 天津市宝瑞鑫达钢铁有限公司 | Welding device and method for photovoltaic bracket |
| CN117840624B (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-05-07 | 天津市宝瑞鑫达钢铁有限公司 | Welding device and method for photovoltaic bracket |
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