CN117279407A - Integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for flexible perovskite battery - Google Patents
Integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for flexible perovskite battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN117279407A CN117279407A CN202311216629.5A CN202311216629A CN117279407A CN 117279407 A CN117279407 A CN 117279407A CN 202311216629 A CN202311216629 A CN 202311216629A CN 117279407 A CN117279407 A CN 117279407A
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- flexible perovskite
- perovskite battery
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920002397 thermoplastic olefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012536 packaging technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001579 optical reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/88—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/50—Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery, which is formed by pressing thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films on the front and back sides of the flexible perovskite battery in a hot rolling mode, wherein the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films positioned on the front side of the flexible perovskite battery are used for pressing silver-plated copper grid lines on a transparent conductive layer on the front side of the flexible perovskite battery, and the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery is in ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid lines. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problem of low-temperature packaging, and increases the anti-reflection effect while meeting the packaging requirement by utilizing the design of the refractive index and the thickness of the packaging adhesive film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to an integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite cell.
Background
The flexible photovoltaic cell has the advantages of light weight, continuous roll-to-roll processability, easy processing and storage, easy transportation and installation and the like, has huge potential application value in the emerging fields of wearable electronic products, portable chargers, remote power supplies, automobiles, flying objects and the like, and the antireflection film is a structure capable of reducing incident light reflectivity and can change the angle of incident light or optical interference behavior. The flexible perovskite solar cell is a novel solar cell and is characterized by high efficiency, low cost, flexibility, crimping and the like. Perovskite solar cells employ perovskite materials as the photoelectric conversion layer, which can absorb solar energy more efficiently and generate more electrical energy than conventional silicon-based solar cells. In addition, the perovskite solar cell is relatively simple in manufacturing process and low in cost, and thus is considered as a solar cell that can be commercially used on a large scale. The flexible perovskite solar cell is characterized in that a flexible material is adopted as a substrate on the basis of the perovskite solar cell, so that the flexible perovskite solar cell has the characteristics of being bendable and crimpable, and is suitable for some special application scenes, such as rolling doors, tents, backpacks and the like. In general, the flexible perovskite solar cell has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, flexibility, crimping and the like, and is expected to be widely applied to the fields of outdoor, construction and the like in the future.
While flexible perovskite solar cells have many advantages, there are still problems facing today:
stability problem: perovskite materials are sensitive to environmental factors such as humidity and oxygen, and are easy to decompose and corrode, so that stability and service life of the perovskite materials are affected.
Substrate problem: since the flexible perovskite solar cell needs to use a flexible substrate as a support, the problems of flexibility, thickness, etc. of the substrate need to be solved to ensure the flexible and crimpable performance of the cell.
Temperature tolerance problem: the withstanding temperature of the perovskite layer cell is below 150 ℃.
The above problems increase the manufacturing difficulty of perovskite solar cell modules, and the temperature requirements of the conventional module packaging technology are generally above 150 ℃, so that the conventional packaging technology cannot meet the packaging requirements of the perovskite modules.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problem that the conventional packaging technology cannot meet the packaging requirements of the perovskite component, the integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for the flexible perovskite battery is provided, the low-temperature packaging is achieved, meanwhile, the refractive index and the thickness of a packaging adhesive film are utilized, the anti-reflection effect is improved while the packaging requirements are met, the integrated electrode grid line simplifies the process flow, the low-temperature packaging difficulty of the perovskite is solved, meanwhile, the efficiency of the battery is improved, the process flow is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
the integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for the flexible perovskite battery is formed by pressing thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films on the front surface and the back surface of the flexible perovskite battery in a hot rolling mode, wherein the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films positioned on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery are used for pressing silver-plated copper grid lines on a transparent conductive layer on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery, and the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery is in ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid lines.
Further, the surface of a rolling roller adopted by the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film pressed on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery in a hot rolling mode is provided with a nano corrugated microstructure, and the surface of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film positioned on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery forms a nano light trapping structure through the rolling roller.
Further, the light trapping structure is pyramid-shaped or spherical, and the width is 2um-20um.
Further, the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery forms an ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid line with a series resistance <20Ω.
Further, the diameter of the silver-plated copper grid line is 5um-500um.
Further, the thickness of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is 50um-250um, the refractive index is 1.5-2.5, and the transmittance is more than or equal to 85%.
Further, before the lamination, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is subjected to preheating treatment, wherein the preheating temperature is 110-150 ℃ and the preheating time is 5-15min.
Further, when the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film and the flexible perovskite battery are pressed together, the preheated thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film and the flexible perovskite battery are attached together, the edge of the flexible perovskite battery is subjected to insulation treatment, and then the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is respectively pressed on the front surface and the back surface of the flexible perovskite battery through a roller press, wherein the roller press temperature is 120-160 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for the flexible perovskite battery has the advantages of good repeatability, simple preparation process, no solvent and high temperature, wide-band anti-reflection realization and the like, can be prepared at low temperature, has the performances of resisting thermal oxidation and aging and blocking water and oxygen, reduces process steps, and avoids the damage of the process to devices.
2. According to the integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for the flexible perovskite battery, provided by the invention, the low-temperature packaging is realized, the anti-reflection effect is increased while the packaging requirement is met through the design of the refractive index and the thickness of the packaging adhesive film, the integrated electrode grid line simplifies the process flow, the low-temperature packaging difficulty of the perovskite is solved, the stability of the battery is improved, the efficiency of the battery is improved, the process flow is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.
For the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the field of solar cells.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated anti-reflection low temperature packaging electrode for a flexible perovskite battery according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the principle of anti-reflection of a film.
In the figure: 1. packaging the electrode structure; 2. a flexible perovskite battery; 3. thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films; 4. silver-plated copper grid lines; 5. a nano light trapping structure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
1. Packaging the electrode structure; 2. a flexible perovskite battery; 3. thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films; 4. silver-plated copper grid lines; 5. a nano light trapping structure.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery, wherein the packaging electrode structure 1 is formed by pressing thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films 3 on the front and back sides of the flexible perovskite battery 2 in a hot rolling manner, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films 3 positioned on the front side of the flexible perovskite battery 2 are used for pressing silver-plated copper grid lines 4 on a transparent conductive layer on the front side of the flexible perovskite battery 2, and the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery 2 and the silver-plated copper grid lines 4 form ohmic contact.
Further, the surface of a rolling roller adopted by the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 pressed on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery 2 in a hot rolling manner is provided with a nano corrugated microstructure, and the surface of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 positioned on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery 2 forms a nano light trapping structure 5 through the rolling roller.
Further, the light trapping structure 5 is pyramid-shaped or sphere-shaped, and has a width of 2um-20um.
Further, the encapsulated electrode structure 3 is pressed on the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films 3 on the front and back sides of the flexible perovskite battery 2 to clamp the flexible perovskite battery 2 in the middle, so that an integrated structure is formed, and the flexible perovskite battery 2 is sealed to prevent water and oxygen erosion.
Further, the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite cell 2 forms an ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid line 4 with a series resistance <20Ω.
Further, the diameter of the silver-plated copper grid line 4 is 5um to 500um, preferably 50um.
Further, the silver-plated copper grid line 4 is obtained by electroplating and etching.
Further, the thickness of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 is 50um-250um, the refractive index is 1.5-2.5, and the transmittance is more than or equal to 85%.
Further, before the lamination, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 is subjected to preheating treatment, the transmittance of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is changed, the preheating temperature is 110-150 ℃, preferably 140 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-15min, preferably 10min.
Further, during the lamination, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 after the preheating treatment is attached to the flexible perovskite battery 2, the edge of the flexible perovskite battery 2 is subjected to insulation treatment to prevent short circuit, then the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 is respectively laminated on the front and back sides of the flexible perovskite battery 2 through a roller press, the rolling temperature is 120-160 ℃, preferably 125 ℃, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 is melted and then solidified, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film 3 is laminated on the back side of the flexible perovskite battery 2, and the silver-plated copper grid line 4 is laminated on the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery 2.
The principle of antireflection of the film is shown in fig. 2, and the refractive index is calculated: shifting the relative phase shift between 180 degrees of beam reflection at the upper and lower boundaries of the film; destructive interference occurs between the two reflected beams, which are cancelled simultaneously before they exit the surface; the optical thickness of the coating must be an odd number of quarter wavelengths (1/4 where L is the design wavelength or the optimized wavelength for peak performance) to achieve the path difference required for one half wavelength between the reflected beams, resulting in its cancellation; the refractive index equation for determining that the two beams completely cancel the desired film is:
wherein n is f Is the refractive index of the film, n 0 Is the refractive index of air (or incident material), n s Refractive index of the substrate;
based on the principle, the thickness and the refractive index of the laminated thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film are adjusted to be matched with the refractive index of the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery, so that the anti-reflection effect is further realized according to the interference principle; the invention has the advantages of good repeatability, simple preparation process, no solvent and high temperature, wide-band antireflection realization, low-temperature preparation, heat and oxygen aging resistance and water and oxygen blocking performance, reduces process steps and avoids damage to devices by the process; the invention solves the problem of low-temperature encapsulation, and simultaneously increases the anti-reflection effect while meeting the encapsulation requirement by designing the refractive index and the thickness of the encapsulation adhesive film, and the integrated electrode grid line simplifies the process flow, thereby not only solving the problem of low-temperature encapsulation of perovskite, improving the stability of the battery, but also improving the efficiency of the battery, simplifying the process flow and reducing the production cost.
Example 1
The embodiment adopts the integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure provided by the invention to package the flexible perovskite battery, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. opening a roller press, setting the temperature of the roller press to 120 ℃, and stabilizing the temperature at 120 ℃ for about 10 minutes; opening a vacuum oven, and setting the temperature to 140 ℃;
2. when the temperature of the oven is stabilized at 140 ℃, placing a solar cell grid line front plate (silver-plated copper grid line) in the oven for annealing for five minutes, wherein the solar cell grid line front plate can be vitrified and changed into transparent from the frosted shape of the raw materials;
3. insulating the flexible perovskite battery, sealing the exposed bottom electrode around the flexible perovskite battery by using an adhesive tape, and preventing the flexible perovskite battery from being contacted with the silver-plated copper grid line;
4. aligning and attaching the solar cell grid line front plate and the flexible perovskite cell well, and preventing dislocation;
5. the rotation speed of the roller press is set to be S-1, the temperature is 120 ℃, the bonded solar cell grid line front plate and the flexible perovskite cell are sent into the roller press together for hot rolling, and the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is pressed on the front surface and the back surface of the flexible perovskite cell to form the encapsulated electrode structure.
Comparative example is to package the same flexible perovskite battery by adopting a general package structure, and to test the performance of open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Jsc), fill Factor (FF) and Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of the packaged battery, the results are shown in the following table, and it can be seen that the performance gain of the battery packaged by adopting the package electrode structure provided by the invention is close to 10%.
Device and method for manufacturing the same | Voc | Jsc(mA/cm 2 ) | FF | PCE | |
Comparative example | General packaging | 1.03 | 22.1 | 0.8 | 18.5 |
Example 1 | Integrated package | 1.05 | 24.5 | 0.8 | 20.5 |
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for the flexible perovskite battery is characterized in that the packaging electrode structure is formed by pressing thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films on the front surface and the back surface of the flexible perovskite battery in a hot rolling mode, the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive films on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery are used for pressing silver-plated copper grid lines on a transparent conductive layer on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery, and the transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery is in ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid lines.
2. The integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, wherein a rolling roller surface adopted by the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film pressed on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery in a hot rolling manner is provided with a nano corrugated microstructure, and the surface of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film positioned on the front surface of the flexible perovskite battery forms a nano light trapping structure through the rolling roller.
3. The integrated anti-reflection low temperature packaging electrode structure for flexible perovskite cells according to claim 2, wherein the light trapping structure is pyramid-shaped or sphere-shaped and has a width of 2um-20um.
4. The integrated anti-reflection low temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, wherein a transparent conductive layer of the flexible perovskite battery forms an ohmic contact with the silver-plated copper grid line with a series resistance <20Ω.
5. The integrated anti-reflection low temperature package electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, wherein the silver-plated copper grid line has a diameter of 5um to 500um.
6. The integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is 50um-250um, the refractive index is 1.5-2.5, and the transmittance is more than or equal to 85%.
7. The integrated anti-reflection low temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is subjected to preheating treatment before being pressed, the preheating temperature is 110-150 ℃, and the preheating time is 5-15min.
8. The integrated anti-reflection low-temperature packaging electrode structure for a flexible perovskite battery according to claim 7, wherein the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film after the preheating treatment is attached to the flexible perovskite battery during the lamination, the edge of the flexible perovskite battery is subjected to insulation treatment, and then the thermoplastic polyolefin adhesive film is respectively laminated on the front side and the back side of the flexible perovskite battery through a roller press, wherein the rolling temperature is 120-160 ℃.
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