CN117277220A - Differential protection method and device for controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes - Google Patents
Differential protection method and device for controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers
- H02H7/045—Differential protection of transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential protection method and device for a controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes, and relates to the technical field of relay protection of power systems. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining current constant amplitude characteristics according to the equivalent circuit of the controllable phase shifter, and further constructing amplitude differential current; and then, respectively constructing a series transformer differential current and a parallel transformer differential current by utilizing a transformer flux linkage conservation law and a triangle-star compensation mode. And when any one phase of the three constructed differential currents exceeds a preset threshold value, judging that the controllable phase shifter has internal faults, and protecting an action outlet from tripping. The invention utilizes the structure and the operation characteristic of the controllable phase shifter to construct differential protection, and the protection area can cover the whole controllable phase shifter to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the controllable phase shifter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of relay protection of power systems, and particularly relates to a differential protection method and device of a controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes.
Background
Nowadays, with the high proportion of new energy sources and the access of a large number of power electronic devices, higher requirements are put on the safe and reliable operation of a power system. The controllable phase shifter is used as one of important means of power flow regulation, can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of a power system, and is widely used in China and internationally. With the wide application of power electronics technology, thyristor controlled dual-core symmetrical controllable phase shifters have been widely studied. However, the matched relay protection technology is not perfect, and the existing controllable phase shifter protection technology has the defects of low sensitivity, insufficient overlapping of protection areas and the like, so that related technological breakthroughs need to be developed. In general, differential protection is used as a primary protection for transformers to ensure safe and reliable operation. The controllable phase shifter formed by connecting two transformers in a certain way can be analogized as well. However, due to its structural specificity, certain technical improvements are required.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a differential protection method and a differential protection device for a controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes, wherein the differential protection is constructed by utilizing the structure and the operation characteristics of the controllable phase shifter, and a protection area can cover the whole controllable phase shifter to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the controllable phase shifter.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a differential protection method of a controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
obtaining a series transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a series transformer differential current through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and comparing the controllable phase shifter amplitude differential current, the series transformer differential current and the shunt transformer differential current with a set threshold value, and performing controllable phase shifter differential protection action based on the comparison result.
Further, the calculating the controllable phase shifter amplitude differential current according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current includes:
wherein I is d_fuzhia 、I d_fuzhib 、I d_fuzhic Three-phase amplitude differential currents of the controllable phase shifters respectively,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side input current of the series transformer are respectively obtained,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side outgoing currents of the series transformer are respectively obtained.
Further, the step of obtaining the series transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to the transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining the series transformer differential current through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation includes:
according to the transformer flux linkage conservation law, the series transformer flux linkage conservation equation is obtained as follows:
wherein n is B1 、n B2 、n B3 The turns of each winding of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the series transformer are respectively,respectively representing the current of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter,>representing the secondary winding current of the series transformer;
the phase angle is compensated by adopting a triangle-to-star connection mode, which is expressed as follows:
wherein,three-phase currents of the secondary side of the series transformer, < > respectively>Respectively leading out three-phase currents for the thyristor control circuit;
the zero sequence component of the current is expressed as:
wherein,secondary zero sequence components of the incoming and outgoing currents of the series transformers respectively,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side input current of the series transformer are respectively obtained,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side outgoing currents of the series transformer are respectively obtained;
the differential current of the series transformer is obtained through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation, and the differential current is as follows:
wherein I is d_BTa 、I d_BTb 、I d_BTc Is three-phase differential current of the series transformer respectively.
Further, the step of obtaining the parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to the transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining the differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation comprises the following steps:
according to the transformer flux linkage conservation law, a parallel transformer flux linkage conservation equation is obtained:
wherein n is E1 Turns of primary side winding of parallel transformer, n E2 、n E3 、n E4 The turns of each of the three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer are respectively,for primary winding current of parallel transformer, +.>The current of each of three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer is respectively;
after amplitude compensation, the differential current of the parallel transformer is obtained as follows:
wherein I is d_ET For the differential current of the parallel transformer,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the winding currents at the sides of the parallel transformer are respectively obtained.
Further, based on the comparison result, performing differential protection action of the controllable phase shifter, including:
when any one phase current of the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer exceeds a set threshold value, judging that faults occur in the area, and enabling differential protection to act; otherwise the differential protection does not act.
Further, the controllable phase shifter is connected to a transmission network or a distribution network.
Further, the controllable phase shifter is mounted on the line side or the bus side.
The invention also provides a controllable phase shifter differential protection device suitable for multiple scenes, which is used for realizing the controllable phase shifter differential protection method suitable for multiple scenes, and comprises the following steps:
the first calculation module is used for calculating the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
the second calculation module is used for obtaining a flux conservation equation of the series transformer in the controllable phase shifter according to a flux conservation law of the transformer, and obtaining differential current of the series transformer through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
the third calculation module is used for obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and the judging output module is used for comparing the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer with a set threshold value and performing differential protection action of the controllable phase shifter based on the comparison result.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention utilizes the structure and the operation characteristic of the controllable phase shifter to construct differential protection, and the protection area can cover the whole controllable phase shifter, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the controllable phase shifter in various scenes such as access to a transmission network or a distribution network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a differential protection method suitable for a multi-scene controllable phase shifter provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a controllable phase shifter topology;
FIG. 3 is a single-phase equivalent circuit of a controllable phase shifter;
FIG. 4 is a single phase CT configuration diagram of a controllable phase shifter;
FIG. 5 is a series transformer wiring diagram;
fig. 6 is a delta-side phasor diagram of a series transformer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The controllable phase shifter is composed of a series transformer, a parallel transformer and a thyristor control circuit, wherein the series transformer is connected in series in a circuit, the parallel transformer is connected with the circuit side in parallel, and the thyristor control circuit is connected with the secondary side of the parallel transformer in a specific connection mode, as shown in fig. 2.
The invention provides a differential protection method of a controllable phase shifter applicable to multiple scenes, which is shown in fig. 1 and mainly comprises the following steps:
obtaining the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
obtaining a series transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a series transformer differential current through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and comparing the controllable phase shifter amplitude differential current, the series transformer differential current and the shunt transformer differential current with a set threshold value, and performing controllable phase shifter differential protection action based on the comparison result.
According to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current, the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter is obtained, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
referring to the controllable phase shifter topology diagram shown in fig. 2 and the controllable phase shifter single-phase equivalent circuit shown in fig. 3, based on kirchhoff's law and the voltage-current phasor relationship, it can be known that:
in the middle ofRespectively representing the current of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter,>to shift the phase angle.
In the view of figure 3 of the drawings,for the voltage of 3 windings of the series transformer, < >>Respectively representing the current of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter,>representation ofSeries transformer secondary winding current +.>Is the primary winding current of a parallel transformer,The current of each side winding of the secondary side of the parallel transformer is respectively; />The primary winding voltage of the parallel transformer; z is Z B1 、Z B2 、Z B3 Z is the impedance of each winding of the series transformer E1 、Z E2 In order to connect the impedances of the windings of the transformers in parallel, the subscripts a, b, and c in each symbol refer to three phases.
It can be seen that under the normal operation condition, the current at the inlet side and the current at the outlet side of the controllable phase shifter only have phase difference, and the amplitude is equal, namely the so-called current constant amplitude characteristic, and the expression is as follows:
the amplitude differential current expression is thus constructed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe primary side input current of three phases of the series transformer respectively,the current sensor (CT) secondary values corresponding to the three-phase primary side input current of the series transformer are respectively obtained;respectively in series changePrimary side outlet current of three phases of the ballast, +.>CT secondary values corresponding to the three-phase primary side outgoing currents of the series transformer respectively; i d_fuzhia 、I d_fuzhib 、I d_fuzhic Three-phase amplitude differential currents are respectively adopted.
Referring to fig. 4, the amplitude differential uses CTs of each phase of controllable phase shifter with wire-in and wire-out sides, the parallel transformer differential uses CTs of each phase of parallel transformer with secondary windings, and the series transformer differential uses CTs of each phase of controllable phase shifter with wire-in and wire-out sides and CTs of thyristor control circuit with wire-out.
In the invention, a series transformer flux conservation equation is obtained according to a transformer flux conservation law, and differential current of the series transformer is obtained through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
referring to fig. 5 and 6, the series transformer flux conservation expression is:
wherein n is B1 、n B2 、n B3 The turns of each winding of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the series transformer are respectively,respectively representing the current of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter,>representing the series transformer secondary winding current.
Since the secondary side of the series transformer is delta-connected (delta-connected), and is Yd 1-connected, the phase angle is compensated by adopting the conventional delta-Y (delta-to-star connection), which is expressed as:
in the middle ofThree-phase currents of the secondary side of the series transformer, < > respectively>And respectively outputting three-phase currents to the thyristor control circuit.
At this time, the compensated phase angle is still in different phases on the Y side, but the differential current can still be constructed by utilizing flux linkage conservation, and meanwhile, the zero sequence components of the two currents on the primary side are required to be removed to prevent the protection misoperation when out-of-area faults, and the zero sequence component expression is as follows:
in the middle of
Secondary zero sequence components of the incoming and outgoing currents of the series transformers respectively,
the differential current of the series transformer is obtained after amplitude and phase angle compensation is as follows:
in which I d_BTa 、I d_BTb 、I d_BTc Three-phase differential currents of the series transformers are respectively adopted,and respectively outputting CT secondary values corresponding to the three-phase currents for the thyristor control circuit.
The derivation process of formula (7) is as follows: firstly, the right side parameter of the formula (5) replaces the left side parameter to make a difference with the two currents of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter, secondly, zero sequence components of the two currents of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter are required to be eliminated as shown in the formula (6), protection misoperation is prevented when external faults are avoided, and finally, the amplitude mismatch of each current in the formula is eliminated through amplitude compensation, so that the formula (7) can be obtained.
Similarly, the parallel transformer flux linkage conservation expression is:
wherein n is E1 Turns of primary side winding of parallel transformer, n E2 、n E3 、n E4 The turns of each of the three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer are respectively,for primary winding current of parallel transformer, +.>The current of each of the three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer is respectively.
After amplitude compensation, the differential current of the parallel transformer is obtained as follows:
in the middle ofCT secondary values corresponding to the winding currents at each side of the parallel transformer respectively; i d_ET Is the differential current of the parallel transformer.
In the invention, the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer are compared with a set threshold value, and based on the comparison result, the differential protection action of the controllable phase shifter is carried out, specifically,
when any one phase current of the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer exceeds a set threshold value, judging that faults occur in the occurrence area, and enabling differential protection to act; otherwise, the differential protection does not act.
The differential protection method of the controllable phase shifter is suitable for various scenes such as the situation that the controllable phase shifter is connected into a transmission network or a distribution network, and the like, for example, the controllable phase shifter is arranged on the line side or the bus side, and the differential protection method scheme of the invention can be adopted.
Based on the above inventive concept, the present invention further provides a controllable phase shifter differential protection device suitable for multiple scenes, for implementing the controllable phase shifter differential protection method, where the device includes:
the first calculation module is used for calculating the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
the second calculation module is used for obtaining a flux conservation equation of the series transformer in the controllable phase shifter according to a flux conservation law of the transformer, and obtaining differential current of the series transformer through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
the third calculation module is used for obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and the judging output module is used for comparing the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer with a set threshold value and performing differential protection action of the controllable phase shifter based on the comparison result.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the apparatus corresponds to the embodiment of the method, and the implementation manner of the embodiment of the method is applicable to the embodiment of the apparatus and can achieve the same or similar technical effects, so that the description thereof is omitted herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The differential protection method of the controllable phase shifter suitable for multiple scenes is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calculating the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
obtaining a series transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a series transformer differential current through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law, and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and comparing the controllable phase shifter amplitude differential current, the series transformer differential current and the shunt transformer differential current with a set threshold value, and performing controllable phase shifter differential protection action based on the comparison result.
2. The method for differential protection of a controllable phase shifter for multiple scenes according to claim 1, wherein calculating the differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current comprises:
wherein I is d_fuzhia 、I d_fuzhib 、I d_fuzhic Three-phase amplitude differential currents of the controllable phase shifters respectively,the secondary value of the current sensor corresponding to the three-phase primary side input current of the series transformer is respectively +.>The secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side outgoing currents of the series transformer are respectively obtained.
3. The differential protection method of controllable phase shifter for multiple scenes according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the series transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to the transformer flux conservation law, obtaining the differential current of the series transformer through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation, comprises:
according to the transformer flux linkage conservation law, the series transformer flux linkage conservation equation is obtained as follows:
wherein n is B1 、n B2 、n B3 The turns of each winding of the primary winding and the secondary winding of the series transformer are respectively,respectively representing the current of the incoming line side and the outgoing line side of the controllable phase shifter,>representing the secondary winding current of the series transformer;
the phase angle is compensated by adopting a triangle-to-star connection mode, which is expressed as follows:
wherein,three-phase currents of the secondary side of the series transformer, < > respectively>Respectively leading out three-phase currents for the thyristor control circuit;
the zero sequence component of the current is expressed as:
wherein,
secondary zero sequence components of the incoming and outgoing currents of the series transformers respectively,the secondary values of the current sensor corresponding to the three-phase primary side input current of the series transformer are respectively +.>The secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the three-phase primary side outgoing currents of the series transformer are respectively obtained;
the differential current of the series transformer is obtained through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation, and the differential current is as follows:
wherein I is d_BTa 、I d_BTb 、I d_BTc Is three-phase differential current of the series transformer respectively.
4. The differential protection method of controllable phase shifter for multiple scenes according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to the transformer flux conservation law, obtaining the differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation, comprises:
according to the transformer flux linkage conservation law, a parallel transformer flux linkage conservation equation is obtained:
wherein n is E1 Turns of primary side winding of parallel transformer, n E2 、n E3 、n E4 The turns of each of the three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer are respectively,for primary winding current of parallel transformer, +.>The current of each of three windings on the secondary side of the parallel transformer is respectively;
after amplitude compensation, the differential current of the parallel transformer is obtained as follows:
wherein I is d_ET For the differential current of the parallel transformer,the secondary values of the current sensors corresponding to the winding currents at the sides of the parallel transformer are respectively obtained.
5. The method for differential protection of a controllable phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the performing the differential protection of the controllable phase shifter based on the comparison result comprises:
when any one phase current of the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer exceeds a set threshold value, judging that faults occur in the area, and enabling differential protection to act; otherwise the differential protection does not act.
6. A method of differential protection of a controllable phase shifter for multiple scenarios according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the controllable phase shifter is connected to a transmission or distribution network.
7. The differential protection method of a controllable phase shifter for multiple scenarios according to claim 6, characterized in that the controllable phase shifter is mounted on the line side or on the bus side.
8. A controllable phase shifter differential protection device suitable for multiple scenes, characterized in that it is used for implementing a controllable phase shifter differential protection method suitable for multiple scenes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, said device comprising:
the first calculation module is used for calculating the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter according to the equivalent circuit diagram of the controllable phase shifter and the constant amplitude characteristic of the current;
the second calculation module is used for obtaining a flux conservation equation of the series transformer in the controllable phase shifter according to a flux conservation law of the transformer, and obtaining differential current of the series transformer through amplitude phase angle compensation and zero sequence current compensation;
the third calculation module is used for obtaining a parallel transformer flux conservation equation in the controllable phase shifter according to a transformer flux conservation law and obtaining a differential current of the parallel transformer through amplitude compensation;
and the judging output module is used for comparing the amplitude differential current of the controllable phase shifter, the differential current of the series transformer and the differential current of the parallel transformer with a set threshold value and performing differential protection action of the controllable phase shifter based on the comparison result.
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