CN117276856A - Antenna device - Google Patents
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- CN117276856A CN117276856A CN202210661215.2A CN202210661215A CN117276856A CN 117276856 A CN117276856 A CN 117276856A CN 202210661215 A CN202210661215 A CN 202210661215A CN 117276856 A CN117276856 A CN 117276856A
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- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides an antenna device, and relates to the field of mobile communications. The method comprises the following steps: a plurality of first radio frequency channels; the system comprises a plurality of first dual-polarized arrays and two second dual-polarized arrays, wherein the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays are arranged at equal intervals along a first direction at a first interval, the two second dual-polarized arrays are respectively positioned at two sides of the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays along the first direction, and the interval between each second dual-polarized array and the adjacent first dual-polarized array is a second interval; and a transforming device configured to multiplex the plurality of first radio frequency channels with the plurality of first dual polarized arrays and the two second dual polarized arrays. According to the antenna array, the array position is increased and adjusted to form a non-uniform array, the transformation device is used for multiplexing the first radio frequency channels with the first dual-polarized arrays and the second dual-polarized arrays, the antenna gain and the beam forming capability can be effectively improved, and the coverage and capacity requirements under different scenes are met.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular, to an antenna apparatus.
Background
Under the 2.1G FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing, frequency division duplex) NR (New Radio, new air interface) 8TR networking shared by 5G+ access networks, a uniform array, namely 8 Radio frequency channels, is adopted to push 8 rows of uniform array arrays (4 rows of dual polarization), and the row spacing is 0.7λ. Limited by the windward area of the iron tower, 16 rows of uniform array arrays (8 rows of dual polarization) cannot be put down, so that the antenna gain and the beam forming capability are seriously affected, the coverage and the capacity of 2.1G FDD NR 8TR are reduced, and the network performance and the user experience are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide an antenna device, which can effectively improve antenna gain and beamforming capability, and meet coverage and capacity requirements in different scenes.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna apparatus including: a plurality of first radio frequency channels; the system comprises a plurality of first dual-polarized arrays and two second dual-polarized arrays, wherein the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays are arranged at equal intervals along a first direction at a first interval, the two second dual-polarized arrays are respectively positioned at two sides of the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays along the first direction, and the interval between each second dual-polarized array and the adjacent first dual-polarized array is a second interval; and a transforming device configured to multiplex the plurality of first radio frequency channels with the plurality of first dual polarized arrays and the two second dual polarized arrays.
In some embodiments, the transforming means is further configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within each of the first radio frequency channels, and to adjust the amplitude and phase of the signal of the combination of the plurality of first radio frequency channels.
In some embodiments, the transforming device comprises a plurality of basic processing units and four composite processing units, wherein each array of each first dual-polarized array corresponds to one first radio frequency channel through one basic processing unit; and each array of each second bipolar array corresponds to at least two first radio frequency channels of the plurality of first radio frequency channels through one composite processing unit.
In some embodiments, each of the composite processing units is configured to adjust the amplitude and phase of the combined signal within the corresponding at least two first radio frequency channels.
In some embodiments, each composite processing unit includes a plurality of first amplifiers, adders, and phase shifters, wherein the first amplifiers and adders are configured to adjust the amplitude of the combined signal in the corresponding at least two first radio frequency channels, and the phase shifters are configured to adjust the phase of the combined signal in the corresponding at least two first radio frequency channels.
In some embodiments, each base processing unit includes a second amplifier configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within the corresponding first radio frequency channel.
In some embodiments, the wire apparatus further comprises: the system comprises four second radio frequency channels and four combiners, wherein each array in each second bipolar array is connected with one second radio frequency channel through one combiner and connected with a corresponding composite processing unit through the combiner.
In some embodiments, the signal in the first radio frequency channel is at a different frequency than the signal in the second radio frequency channel.
In some embodiments, the second pitch is greater than the first pitch.
In some embodiments, the sum of the spacing between the plurality of first dual polarized arrays and the two second dual polarized arrays is less than three wavelengths.
In some embodiments, the first spacing is 0.5 times the wavelength and the second spacing is 0.64 times the wavelength.
In some embodiments, the plurality of first radio frequency channels comprises 8 first radio frequency channels; the plurality of first dual polarized arrays includes 4 dual polarized arrays.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the array is increased and the array position is adjusted to form a non-uniform array, and then the conversion device is used for multiplexing a plurality of first radio frequency channels by a plurality of first dual-polarized arrays and two second dual-polarized arrays, so that the antenna gain and the beam forming capability can be effectively improved, and the coverage and capacity requirements under different scenes are met.
Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
The disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of an antenna device of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of other embodiments of an antenna device of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of some embodiments of a composite processing unit of the present disclosure; and
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of other embodiments of the antenna device of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles and advantages of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of an antenna device of the present disclosure. The antenna arrangement comprises a plurality of first radio frequency channels 1, a plurality of first dual polarized arrays 2, two second dual polarized arrays 3 and transforming means 4.
In some embodiments, the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays 2 are disposed at a first pitch in the first direction, and the two second dual-polarized arrays 3 are disposed on both sides of the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays 2 in the first direction, respectively, and the second dual-polarized arrays 3 are spaced from the adjacent first dual-polarized arrays 2 by a second pitch; the transforming means 4 are configured to multiplex the plurality of first radio frequency channels 1 with the plurality of first dual polarized arrays 2 and the two second dual polarized arrays 3.
In some embodiments, the transforming means is further configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within each of the first radio frequency channels, and to adjust the amplitude and phase of the signal of the combination of the plurality of first radio frequency channels.
In some embodiments, the second pitch is greater than the first pitch.
In some embodiments, the sum of the spacing between the plurality of first dual polarized arrays and the two second dual polarized arrays is less than three wavelengths. Meeting the windward area limit of the iron tower.
In some embodiments, the first spacing is 0.5 times the wavelength and the second spacing is 0.64 times the wavelength, which can increase the antenna gain and decrease the side lobe gain to maximize beam directivity.
In the above embodiment, by adding the array and adjusting the array positions to form a non-uniform array, and then implementing multiplexing of a plurality of first radio frequency channels by a plurality of first dual-polarized arrays and two second dual-polarized arrays by the conversion device, the antenna gain and the beam forming capability can be effectively improved, and the coverage and capacity requirements under different scenes can be satisfied.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the transforming means 4 comprises a plurality of basic processing units 41 and four complex processing units 42, each array of the first dual-polarized arrays 2 corresponding to one first radio frequency channel 1 by one basic processing unit 41; each array of the second bipolar arrays 3 corresponds to at least two first radio frequency channels 1 of the plurality of first radio frequency channels 1 by one complex processing unit 42. Each basic processing unit 41 comprises a second amplifier configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within the corresponding first radio frequency channel 1. Each of the complex processing units 42 is configured to adjust the amplitude and phase of the combined signal within the corresponding at least two first radio frequency channels 1. Each composite processing unit 42 includes a plurality of first amplifiers, adders, and phase shifters, wherein the number of first amplifiers is identical to the number of first radio frequency channels; the first amplifier and the summer are configured to adjust the amplitude of the combined signal corresponding to the at least two first radio frequency channels, and the phase shifter is configured to adjust the phase of the combined signal corresponding to the at least two first radio frequency channels.
In some embodiments, the number of first rf channels is eight and the first dual polarized array is four, i.e., includes eight columns of arrays. The present disclosure will be described below with respect to eight first rf channels, four first dual-polarized arrays, and two second dual-polarized arrays.
As shown in fig. 2, the conversion device 4 includes, in order from left to right, composite processing units 421 to 422, basic processing units 411 to 418, and composite processing units 423 to 424. The first radio frequency channels are 11-18 in sequence. The first dual polarized array comprises array elements 21-28 and the second dual polarized array comprises array elements 31-34.
The 8-column uniform array 21-28 is placed in the middle of the whole non-uniform array, 2-column non-uniform array arrays 31-32 are added to the left side of the 8-column uniform array, and 2-column non-uniform array arrays 33-34 are added to the right side of the 8-column uniform array, so that 12-column non-uniform arrays, namely 6-column dual-polarized arrays, are formed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the left and right sides herein are merely illustrative of the locations from fig. 2, and that the second dual-polarized array is located on either side of the entirety of the first dual-polarized array. The space between the first dual-polarized arrays is 0.5λ, the space between the second dual-polarized arrays and the adjacent first dual-polarized arrays is 0.64λ, and the space isolation between the arrays is ensured.
The 8-column uniform array arrays 21-28 correspond to the first radio frequency channels 11-18 through the basic processing units 411-418, respectively. The basic processing unit is a second amplifier for adjusting the amplitude of the signal in the corresponding first radio frequency channel. By y2=k2×x matrix mapping, where Y2 is an 8×1 vector, and is an output signal of the second amplifier, X is an 8×1 vector, and is an input signal of the second amplifier, and the coefficient matrix K2 is an 8×8 matrix, and coefficients are independently determined by the corresponding basic processing units, that is, the outputs of the arrays 21 to 28 are obtained after being determined by the respective basic processing units (the second amplifier), where orthogonality is maintained between the arrays 21 to 28.
The left array element 31 corresponds to the first radio frequency channel 16, 18 through the composite processing unit 422, and the left array element 32 corresponds to the first radio frequency channel 15, 17 through the composite processing unit 421. The outputs of the arrays 31 and 32 are obtained by y1=k1×x matrix mapping, where Y1 is a 2X1 vector, X is an 8X1 vector, the coefficient matrix K1 is a 2X8 matrix, and the coefficients are independently determined by each basic processing unit in the corresponding composite processing unit, i.e. by the first amplifier, adder and phase shifter in each composite processing unit.
The array element 33 on the right corresponds to the first radio frequency channel 12, 14 through the composite processing unit 424, and the array element 34 on the right corresponds to the first radio frequency channel 11, 13 through the composite processing unit 423. The outputs of the arrays 33 and 34 are obtained by y3=k3×x matrix mapping, where Y3 is a 2X1 vector, X is an 8X1 vector, the coefficient matrix K3 is a 2X8 matrix, and the coefficients are independently determined by each basic processing unit in the corresponding composite processing unit, i.e. by the first amplifier, adder and phase shifter in each composite processing unit.
Through the above embodiment, the matrix of the conversion device is y= [ Y1, Y2, Y3]', where Y1, Y3 are both 2x1 vectors, Y2 is 8x1 vector, Y is 12x1 vector, that is, Y is 12 output signals of the conversion device. X is an 8X1 vector, i.e. X is the 8 input signals of the conversion means. K= [ K1, K2, K3]', wherein K1, K3 are both 2x8 matrices, K2 is 8x8 matrices, K is 12x8 matrices, i.e. K is the coefficient matrix of the conversion device. Y=kxx, where y= [ Y1, Y2, … Y12] ', x= [ X1, X2, … X8]', k= { [ K11, K12, … K18], [ K21, K22, … K28], … [ K121, K122, … K128] }.
In some embodiments, K2 is an 8x8 identity matrix and example coefficients of the particular coefficient matrix K of the transformation device are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 coefficient matrix K (12 x 8)
Wherein 0.64 λ/0.5λ= 1.28,1.28/2=0.64, where 2 represents 2 radio frequency channels combined. +i represents a phase advance of 90 DEG, -i represents a phase retard of 90 DEG, -i guarantees complex orthogonality.
The signals sent by the base station are subjected to digital beam forming, 8 radio frequency channels and a conversion device, converted into 12 channels and respectively sent out through a 12-array. Compared with an 8-column uniform array, the antenna gain is increased, the waveform directivity is better, the coverage and capacity requirements under different scenes can be met, and the resource utilization rate of the access network is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first amplifier 401 and the adder 402 in the composite processing unit adjust the signal amplitudes of the two or more combined rf channels, and the phase shifter 403 adjusts the signal phases of the two or more combined rf channels, so as to ensure complex orthogonality or near complex orthogonality between the present array and the neighboring array.
In the above embodiment, each column of the array in the second bipolar array corresponds to two first radio frequency channels, but may also correspond to three or four first radio frequency channels according to practical situations.
In some embodiments, the conversion function of the conversion device may be implemented by hardware devices including the amplifier, the adder, the shifter and the like, and may also be implemented by software programming based on an FPGA or a DSP.
Different channel connection and combination are realized through hardware or software, and the coefficient values in the coefficient matrixes K1, K2 and K3 are adjusted to achieve different conversion effects between 8 radio frequency channels and 12 rows of non-uniform arrays, namely, the respective signal amplitude adjustment of 8 radio frequency channel signals and the composite signal amplitude and phase adjustment after different signal combinations are realized, and finally the composite signal amplitude and phase adjustment is output to the 12 rows of non-uniform arrays, so that the purposes of improving the antenna gain and the beam forming performance are achieved.
In addition, the gain and the beamforming capacity of the 2.1G FDD NR 8TR antenna can be effectively improved, the coverage and capacity requirements of the 2.1G FDD NR 8TR under different scenes are met, the spectrum efficiency and the user experience are improved, and the method has very important practical deployment significance and use value.
In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna device further includes four second rf channels and four combiners, wherein each array in each second dual-polarization array is connected to one second rf channel through one combiner, and is connected to a corresponding composite processing unit through the combiner.
In some embodiments, the signal in the first radio frequency channel is at a different frequency than the signal in the second radio frequency channel.
As shown in fig. 4, the second rf channels 51 to 54, and the combiners 61 to 64 are added on the basis of fig. 2. One end of the combiner 61 is connected with the array matrix 31, and the other end is connected with the second radio frequency channel 52 and the composite processing unit 422 respectively. One end of the combiner 62 is connected with the array matrix 32, and the other end is connected with the second radio frequency channel 51 and the composite processing unit 421 respectively. One end of the combiner 63 is connected to the array element 33, and the other end is connected to the second rf channel 54 and the composite processing unit 424, respectively. One end of the combiner 64 is connected with the array matrix 34, and the other end is connected with the second radio frequency channel 53 and the composite processing unit 423 respectively.
In some embodiments, the base station signal is beamformed with a signal in the first radio frequency channel of 2.1GHz and a signal in the second radio frequency channel of 1.8GHz or 800MHz. In one aspect, the signals input to the array elements 31-34, and 21-28 are 2.1GHz. On the other hand, a signal of 1.8GHz or 800MHz is input to the combiner through the second radio frequency channel, 2.1GHz is input to the combiner through the first radio frequency channel and the composite processing unit, and two paths of signals are input to the array arrays 31-34 through the combining.
In the above embodiment, the array elements 31 to 34 can receive the active 2.1GHz signal and also can receive the passive signal after the 1.8GHz or 800MHz and 2.1GHz signal are combined, so that the spectrum efficiency and the resource utilization rate are improved, the signal coverage, the throughput and the network performance are improved, and the user experience is further improved. The method has low implementation complexity, is easy to realize the system and popularize the scheme, and greatly improves the completeness of the 5G+ access network technical scheme.
Thus far, the present disclosure has been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. How to implement the solutions disclosed herein will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description.
The methods and apparatus of the present disclosure may be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the methods and apparatus of the present disclosure may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, firmware. The above-described sequence of steps for the method is for illustration only, and the steps of the method of the present disclosure are not limited to the sequence specifically described above unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present disclosure may also be implemented as programs recorded in a recording medium, the programs including machine-readable instructions for implementing the methods according to the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present disclosure.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An antenna device, comprising:
a plurality of first radio frequency channels;
the dual-polarization array comprises a plurality of first dual-polarization arrays and two second dual-polarization arrays, wherein the plurality of first dual-polarization arrays are arranged at equal intervals along a first direction, the two second dual-polarization arrays are respectively positioned at two sides of the plurality of first dual-polarization arrays along the first direction, and the interval between the second dual-polarization arrays and the adjacent first dual-polarization arrays is a second interval; and
and a transforming device configured to multiplex the plurality of first radio frequency channels with the plurality of first dual polarized arrays and the two second dual polarized arrays.
2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein,
the transformation means is further configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within each first radio frequency channel and to adjust the amplitude and phase of the signal of the combination of the plurality of first radio frequency channels.
3. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the transforming means comprises a plurality of basic processing units and four complex processing units, wherein,
each array in each first dual-polarized array corresponds to a first radio frequency channel through a basic processing unit; and
each array of each second bipolar array corresponds to at least two first radio frequency channels of the plurality of first radio frequency channels through a composite processing unit.
4. An antenna device according to claim 3, wherein,
each composite processing unit is configured to adjust the amplitude and phase of the combined signal within the corresponding at least two first radio frequency channels.
5. The antenna device according to claim 4, wherein,
each composite processing unit includes a plurality of first amplifiers, adders, and phase shifters, wherein,
the first amplifier and summer are configured to adjust the amplitude of the combined signal corresponding to the at least two first radio frequency channels, and the phase shifter is configured to adjust the phase of the combined signal corresponding to the at least two first radio frequency channels.
6. An antenna device according to claim 3, wherein,
each basic processing unit comprises a second amplifier configured to adjust the amplitude of the signal within the corresponding first radio frequency channel.
7. The antenna device of claim 3, further comprising:
four second radio frequency channels and four combiners, wherein,
each array in each second bipolar array is connected with one second radio frequency channel through one combiner and connected with a corresponding composite processing unit through the combiner.
8. The antenna device according to claim 7, wherein,
the signal in the first radio frequency channel is at a different frequency than the signal in the second radio frequency channel.
9. The antenna device according to any of claims 1-8, wherein,
the second pitch is greater than the first pitch.
10. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein,
the sum of the pitches between the plurality of first dual-polarized arrays and the two second dual-polarized arrays is less than three wavelengths.
11. The antenna device according to claim 9, wherein,
the first pitch is 0.5 times the wavelength and the second pitch is 0.64 times the wavelength.
12. The antenna device according to any of claims 1-8, wherein,
the plurality of first radio frequency channels includes 8 first radio frequency channels;
the plurality of first dual polarized arrays includes 4 dual polarized arrays.
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