CN117270101A - Coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and photon integrated chip - Google Patents
Coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and photon integrated chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN117270101A CN117270101A CN202311190466.8A CN202311190466A CN117270101A CN 117270101 A CN117270101 A CN 117270101A CN 202311190466 A CN202311190466 A CN 202311190466A CN 117270101 A CN117270101 A CN 117270101A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12142—Modulator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12164—Multiplexing; Demultiplexing
Abstract
The application provides a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and a photon integrated chip, which comprises a first waveguide, a multimode waveguide and N second waveguides; the extending direction of the first waveguide and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide have a first included angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are respectively positioned at two sides of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the extending direction of the second waveguide, and all the second waveguides are positioned at the same side of the multimode waveguide; the first waveguide is connected to the first end of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction, the part of the multimode waveguide far away from the first waveguide is provided with N connecting sites, the distances between different connecting sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connecting site, so that the multimode waveguide has the advantages of compact structure, response flat top and compatibility with a silicon optical integration process.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of integrated optics, and in particular, to a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and a photonic integrated chip.
Background
Wavelength division multiplexing (wavelength division multiplexing, WDM) extends the communication capacity by transmitting multiple carriers simultaneously in the same fiber or waveguide. Coarse wavelength division multiplexing (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing, CWDM) refers to a wavelength division multiplexing technology with a large channel spacing, and is commonly used in industry with a standard wavelength spacing of 20 nanometers (nm). Because of the wide wavelength interval of the CWDM system, the index requirements of wavelength shift, working temperature and the like of the corresponding lasers are low, so that the cost of the CWDM system is reduced, and the CWDM system is commonly used in short-distance optical interconnection such as a data center and the like.
The core device in a CWDM system is a wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer. The traditional coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer based on bulk optics is large in size and complex in packaging. In recent years, integrated photon technologies based on materials such as silicon on insulator (Silicon on insulator, SOI), silicon nitride, thin film lithium niobate and the like can greatly reduce the volume of an optical device and improve the integration level of the whole system. The above technical means cannot realize a compact, low-loss, low-channel crosstalk and coarse wavelength division multiplexing device with flat-top response.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and a photon integrated chip, and the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is compact in structure, flat in response and compatible with a silicon optical integration process.
The technical scheme of the application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer comprising: a first waveguide, a multimode waveguide, and N second waveguides; the extending direction of the first waveguide, the extending direction of the multimode waveguide and the extending direction of each second waveguide are positioned in the same plane; the extending direction of the first waveguide and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide have a first included angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are respectively positioned at two sides of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the self-extending direction, and all the second waveguides are positioned at the same side of the multimode waveguide; the first waveguide is connected to a first end of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction, the part of the multimode waveguide far away from the first waveguide is provided with N connecting sites, the distances between different connecting sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connecting site; n and i are natural numbers, and i is less than or equal to N.
In some embodiments, the multimode waveguide has a length in the direction of extension of itself on the order of millimeters; the length of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the self extending direction is in the micron level; the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer along the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is in millimeter level; the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer perpendicular to the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is in the order of hundred micrometers.
In some embodiments, the length of the first waveguide is less than the length of the multimode waveguide; the first waveguide and each of the second waveguides may be the same size, or the first waveguide and each of the second waveguides may be different sizes.
In some embodiments, the value of the first angle is determined based on the optical wavelength calculation transmitted by the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.
In some embodiments, if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is applied as a coarse wavelength division multiplexer, the ith light is input through the ith second waveguide, N lights with different wavelengths are transmitted through the interference of the multimode waveguide to generate mixed light, and the mixed light is output through the first waveguide; if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is applied as a coarse wavelength division demultiplexer, the mixed light enters the first waveguide, N lights with different wavelengths are generated after interference transmission through the multimode waveguide, and the ith light is output through the ith second waveguide.
In some embodiments, the distance L between the ith of the connection sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide i The method comprises the following steps:wherein n is eff Refers to the effective refractive index, W, of the ith light in the multimode waveguide MMI Refers to the width lambda of the multimode waveguide i Refers to the wavelength of the ith light.
In some embodiments, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer further comprises: the light guide device comprises a first light guide piece and N second light guide pieces; the first light guide piece is connected with one end of the first waveguide far away from the multimode waveguide; the ith second light guide piece is connected with one end of the ith second waveguide far away from the multimode waveguide; the first light guide member and the second light guide member have the same shape, and the first light guide member and the second light guide member are centrally symmetrical with respect to the multimode waveguide.
In some embodiments, the multimode waveguide has a length along its own extension of 3.5 millimeters and the multimode waveguide has a length perpendicular to its own extension of 43 microns; the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer along the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is 4.4 millimeters, and the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer perpendicular to the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is 300 micrometers; n=4; the first light guide piece and the second light guide piece are arc-shaped.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a photonic integrated chip comprising a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer as described in the first aspect.
In some embodiments, the photonic integrated chip includes a plurality of modulators, the plurality of modulators being arranged along a second direction; the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and the modulator are arranged along a first direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; wherein the direction of extension of the multimode light guide in the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is the first direction.
The embodiment of the application provides a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and a photon integrated chip, which comprises the following components: a first waveguide, a multimode waveguide, and N second waveguides; the extending direction of the first waveguide, the extending direction of the multimode waveguide and the extending direction of each second waveguide are positioned in the same plane; the extending direction of the first waveguide and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide have a first included angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are respectively positioned at two sides of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the extending direction of the second waveguide, and all the second waveguides are positioned at the same side of the multimode waveguide; the first waveguide is connected to the first end of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction, the part of the multimode waveguide far away from the first waveguide is provided with N connecting sites, the distances between different connecting sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connecting site, so that the multimode waveguide has the advantages of compact structure, response flat top and compatibility with a silicon optical integration process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operation principle of a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows effective refractive index n of light of different wavelengths according to an embodiment of the present application eff Along with the width W of the multimode waveguide MMI Is a variation of the schematic diagram;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of another coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a photonic integrated chip according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another photonic integrated chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another photonic integrated chip.
Detailed Description
Before describing the embodiments of the present disclosure, three directions describing a three-dimensional structure, which may be used for a plane referred to in the following embodiments, are defined, and the three directions may include an X-axis (for example, a length direction of the multimode waveguide, or referred to as an extension direction of the multimode waveguide), a Y-axis (for example, a width direction of the multimode waveguide), and a Z-axis direction (for example, a height direction of the multimode waveguide) by taking a cartesian coordinate system as an example.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In one embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 1, a schematic top view of a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 includes: a first waveguide 11, a multimode waveguide 12 and N second waveguides; fig. 1 illustrates that n=4 is taken as an example, and 4 second waveguides are respectively denoted by 131, 132, 133, and 134, but the number of second waveguides in an actual application scenario may be determined according to actual requirements.
The extending direction of the first waveguide 11, the extending direction of the multimode waveguide 12 (i.e., the length direction of the multimode waveguide 12, the X direction), and the extending direction of each of the second waveguides (i.e., the length direction of the second waveguides) lie in the same plane. That is, in the Z direction, the first waveguide 11 and the multimode waveguide 12 have no included angle, and the multimode waveguide 12 and the second waveguide have no included angle.
The extending direction of the first waveguide 11 and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide 12 have a first angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide 11. That is, in the X-Y plane, the first waveguide 11 and the multimode waveguide 12 have a first included angle, and the multimode waveguide 12 and the second waveguide also have a first included angle.
In addition, the first waveguide 11 and the second waveguide are respectively located at two sides of the multimode waveguide 12 perpendicular to the extending direction of the second waveguide, and all the second waveguides are located at the same side of the multimode waveguide 12; as shown in fig. 1, the first waveguide 11 is located below the multimode waveguide 12, and the second waveguide is located above the multimode waveguide 12.
The first waveguide 11 is connected to a first end of the multimode waveguide 12 in the self-extending direction; the second waveguide 11 is connected to the second end of the multimode waveguide 12 in the self-extending direction, specifically, a portion of the multimode waveguide 12 away from the first waveguide 11 (i.e., the second end) has N connection sites, and distances between different connection sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide 12 are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connection site: as shown in fig. 1, the second waveguide 131 is connected to the connection site 121, the second waveguide 132 is connected to the connection site 122, the second waveguide 133 is connected to the connection site 123, the second waveguide 134 is connected to the connection site 124, N and i are natural numbers, and i.ltoreq.n.
In particular, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is compatible with silicon optical integration processes and is easy to manufacture.
Thus, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is based on an oblique angle incidence multimode interference coupler structure, and specifically includes a first waveguide 11, a multimode waveguide 12, and a plurality of second waveguides. Because the effective refractive indexes of the light with different wavelengths in the same waveguide are different, the emergent points formed after multimode interference are different, and the light with different wavelengths can be separated by arranging the second waveguide at the emergent point (namely the connecting point) corresponding to the multimode waveguide 12, so that the device has the advantages of compact structure, flat response and compatibility with a silicon light integration process.
The dimensions of the different second waveguides 12 are generally the same, and the dimensions of the first waveguide 11 and the second waveguide 12 may be the same or different.
The waveguide types of the first waveguide 11, the multimode waveguide 12 and the second waveguide may be the same or different, and may specifically be, but not limited to, one type or a combination of types of: linear waveguides, curved waveguides, rectangular waveguides, flat rectangular waveguides, medium flat rectangular, square waveguides, circular waveguides, single-ridge waveguides, double-ridge waveguides, and the like.
In some embodiments, the length of the first waveguide 11 is significantly smaller than the length of the multimode waveguide 12, and the first waveguide 11 and the second waveguide 12 are connected to the multimode waveguide 12 with a slope, so that the length of the entire coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is mainly determined by the length of the multimode waveguide 12.
In some embodiments, the value of the first angle is determined based on a calculation of the wavelength of the light transmitted by the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.
Thus, in the course of the design of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10, the value of the first angle can be calculated for the wavelength of the light to be multiplexed/demultiplexed. Of course, the first angle of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 may not be varied once it is manufactured.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments,
if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is applied as a coarse wavelength division multiplexer, the ith light is input through the ith second waveguide, the N lights with different wavelengths are transmitted through the interference of the multimode waveguide 12 to generate mixed light, and the mixed light is output through the first waveguide 11;
if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is applied as a coarse wavelength division multiplexer, the mixed light enters the first waveguide 11, N lights of different wavelengths are generated after interference transmission through the multimode waveguide 12, and the ith light is output through the ith second waveguide;
referring to fig. 2, taking n=4 as an example, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 0 can be used for wavelength λ 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 Is provided for multiplexing transmission and demultiplexing of light.
As shown in fig. 2 (a), for a coarse wavelength division multiplexer, the wavelength is λ 1 Light of wavelength lambda enters from the second waveguide 131 2 Light of wavelength lambda enters from the second waveguide 132 3 Light of wavelength lambda enters from the second waveguide 133 4 Is entered from the second waveguide 134; due to lambda 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 The effective refractive index of the light of (a) in the multimode waveguide 12 is different, so that although 4 different wavelengths of light enter the multimode waveguide 12 at different positions, after being transmitted via longer interference, the mixed light is output via the first waveguide 11, thereby realizing lambda 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 Is a multiplexed transmission of light;
as shown in fig. 2 (b), for the coarse wavelength division demultiplexer, the mixed light enters from the first waveguide 11, and the wavelengths in the mixed light are respectively λ 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 The light of (2) is output via different connection sites of the multimode waveguide 12 after longer interference transmission, i.e. the wavelength is lambda, at different effective refractive indexes of the multimode waveguide 12 1 From a second waveguide131 output, wavelength lambda 2 Is output from the second waveguide 132 at a wavelength lambda 3 Is output from the second waveguide 133 at a wavelength lambda 4 Is output from the second waveguide 134, thereby achieving lambda 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 Is provided).
In some embodiments, the distance L between the ith connection site and the first end of the multimode waveguide 12 i The following conditions are satisfied:wherein n is eff Refers to the effective refractive index, W, of the ith light in the multimode waveguide 12 MMI Refers to the width (i.e., length in the Y direction) of the multimode waveguide 12, lambda i Refers to the wavelength of the ith light.
In a specific embodiment, the multimode waveguide 12 has a length in the direction of extension of itself on the order of millimeters; the length of the multimode waveguide 12 perpendicular to the direction of extension thereof is in the order of micrometers, i.e., the length of the multimode waveguide 12 is several tens to hundreds times the width.
That is, for the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10, the entire length thereof is in the form of a long strip, and the lengths of the first waveguide 11 and the second waveguide are much smaller than those of the multimode waveguide 12, so that the entire coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is also approximately in the order of millimeters and the width thereof is in the order of hundreds of micrometers.
In a specific embodiment, the multimode waveguide 12 has a length of 3.5 millimeters in its own direction of extension (in the X direction) and a length of 43 microns perpendicular to its own direction of extension (in the Y direction); the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer along the extension direction (along the X direction) of the multimode waveguide is 4.4 mm; the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer in the direction of extension of the vertical multimode waveguide (in the Y direction) is 300 microns.
Meanwhile, when the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is applied to the photonic integrated chip, since the width of the photonic integrated chip is approximately in the millimeter level, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is placed therein in a vertical form, that is, the length direction of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is unified with the width direction of the photonic integrated chip, at this time, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 needs to be placed in the photonic integrated chip with a small area to be expanded, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
At this time, on the other hand, please refer to fig. 3, which shows the effective refractive index n of light of different wavelengths eff Along with the width W of the multimode waveguide 12 MMI Is a variation of the schematic diagram. As shown in fig. 3, the larger the width of the multimode waveguide 12, the smaller the effective refractive index of light of the same wavelength suffers from a fluctuation in the width value. That is, when the width of the multimode waveguide 12 is large (for example, 20 μm or more), the effective refractive index of light approaches a fixed value, and is insensitive to the manufacturing-induced width dimension deviation, which is advantageous for mass production.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 further comprises: a first light guide 14, a plurality of second light guides 15; the first light guide 14 and the second light guide 15 are used to adjust the directions of the incident light and the outgoing light, so that the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 can be applied to more flexible scenes.
Specifically, the first light guide 14 is connected to an end of the first waveguide 11 remote from the multimode waveguide 12; the ith second light guide 15 is connected to an end of the ith second waveguide 13 remote from the multimode waveguide 12;
the first light guide 14 and the second light guide 15 have the same shape, and the first light guide 14 and the second light guide 15 may be, but are not limited to, one or a combination of shapes of: arcuate, rectilinear, curvilinear, fig. 4 being illustrated in arcuate form, this does not constitute a corresponding arrangement.
The first light guide 14 and the second light guide 15 are symmetrical with respect to the multimode waveguide 12. The end of the first light guide 14 remote from the multimode waveguide 12 extends downwardly and the end of the second light guide 15 remote from the multimode waveguide 12 extends upwardly as shown in fig. 4, but this is merely an example and not limiting.
Thus, taking the coarse wavelength division demultiplexer as an example, the mixed light may enter the first light guide 14 vertically upwards, enter the first waveguide 11 and the multimode waveguide 12 sequentially through the first light guide 14, enter the second light guide 15 from the corresponding second waveguide after being separated, and finally output vertically upwards from the second light guide 15. The optical invasive path of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer can be understood accordingly.
In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer, including: a first waveguide, a multimode waveguide, and N second waveguides; the extending direction of the first waveguide, the extending direction of the multimode waveguide and the extending direction of each second waveguide are positioned in the same plane; the extending direction of the first waveguide and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide have a first included angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide; the first waveguide and the second waveguide are respectively positioned at two sides of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the extending direction of the second waveguide, and all the second waveguides are positioned at the same side of the multimode waveguide; the first waveguide is connected to the first end of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction, the part of the multimode waveguide far away from the first waveguide is provided with N connecting sites, the distances between different connecting sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connecting site, so that the multimode waveguide has the advantages of compact structure, response flat top and compatibility with a silicon optical integration process.
In another embodiment of the present application, reference is made to fig. 5, which shows a schematic structural diagram of a photonic integrated chip 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the photonic integrated chip 20 includes the aforementioned coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, photonic integrated chip 20 includes a plurality of modulators (fig. 6 is shown by way of example as 4, but not by way of limitation), the plurality of modulators being arranged in a second direction (Y-direction); the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 and the modulator are arranged in a first direction (X direction), the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction; wherein the direction of extension of the multimode light guide 12 in the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is a first direction (X direction).
As described above, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 has a long strip shape, which is approximately in the order of millimeters in the length direction (X direction), and is only in the order of hundred micrometers in the width direction (Y direction), and the configuration is easy to arrange compared with other configurations that are approximately rectangular. In a multi-channel photonic integrated chip (e.g., an optical emission chip), since a plurality of modulators are required, the width of the photonic integrated chip 20 is also close to the order of millimeters, and thus the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 is added by only hundreds of micrometers in the length direction.
As shown in fig. 7, if the coarse wave multiplexer/demultiplexer 10 adopts other structures close to rectangular overall, the width or length of the coarse wave multiplexer/demultiplexer needs to be increased by millimeter order, which causes great waste of area.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in the present application may be arbitrarily combined without collision to obtain a new method embodiment.
The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided in the present application may be combined arbitrarily without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.
The features disclosed in the several method or apparatus embodiments provided in the present application may be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments or apparatus embodiments.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer, the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer comprising: a first waveguide, a multimode waveguide, and N second waveguides;
the extending direction of the first waveguide, the extending direction of the multimode waveguide and the extending direction of each second waveguide are positioned in the same plane; the extending direction of the first waveguide and the extending direction of the multimode waveguide have a first included angle, and the extending direction of each second waveguide is parallel to the extending direction of the first waveguide;
the first waveguide and the second waveguide are respectively positioned at two sides of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the self-extending direction, and all the second waveguides are positioned at the same side of the multimode waveguide;
the first waveguide is connected to a first end of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction, the part of the multimode waveguide far away from the first waveguide is provided with N connecting sites, the distances between different connecting sites and the first end of the multimode waveguide are different, and the ith second waveguide is correspondingly connected to the ith connecting site; n and i are natural numbers, and i is less than or equal to N.
2. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of claim 1 wherein,
the length of the multimode waveguide along the self extending direction is in millimeter level;
the length of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the self extending direction is in the micron level;
the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer along the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is in millimeter level;
the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer perpendicular to the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is in the order of hundred micrometers.
3. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of claim 1 wherein the length of the first waveguide is less than the length of the multimode waveguide;
the first waveguide and each of the second waveguides may be the same size, or the first waveguide and each of the second waveguides may be different sizes.
4. A coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein,
the value of the first included angle is calculated and determined based on the wavelength of the light wave transmitted by the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.
5. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of claim 4 wherein,
if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is applied as a coarse wavelength division multiplexer, inputting the ith light through the ith second waveguide, generating mixed light after the interference transmission of N lights with different wavelengths through the multimode waveguide, and outputting the mixed light through the first waveguide;
if the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is applied as a coarse wavelength division demultiplexer, the mixed light enters the first waveguide, N lights with different wavelengths are generated after interference transmission through the multimode waveguide, and the ith light is output through the ith second waveguide.
6. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer according to claim 5, wherein an i-th distance L between the connection site and the first end of the multimode waveguide i The method comprises the following steps:
wherein n is eff Refers to the effective refractive index, W, of the ith light in the multimode waveguide MMI Refers to the width lambda of the multimode waveguide i Refers to the firsti wavelengths of light.
7. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of claim 4 wherein the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer further comprises: the light guide device comprises a first light guide piece and N second light guide pieces;
the first light guide piece is connected with one end of the first waveguide far away from the multimode waveguide;
the ith second light guide piece is connected with one end of the ith second waveguide far away from the multimode waveguide;
the first light guide member and the second light guide member have the same shape, and the first light guide member and the second light guide member are centrally symmetrical with respect to the multimode waveguide.
8. The coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer of claim 7 wherein,
the length of the multimode waveguide along the self-extending direction is 3.5 mm, and the length of the multimode waveguide perpendicular to the self-extending direction is 43 microns;
the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer along the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is 4.4 millimeters, and the length of the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer perpendicular to the extending direction of the multimode waveguide is 300 micrometers;
N＝4；
the first light guide piece and the second light guide piece are arc-shaped.
9. A photonic integrated chip comprising a coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The photonic integrated chip of claim 9, wherein the photonic integrated chip is,
the photon integrated chip comprises a plurality of modulators, and the modulators are arranged along a second direction;
the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer and the modulator are arranged along a first direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular;
wherein the direction of extension of the multimode light guide in the coarse wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is the first direction.
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