CN117268349A - Method for installing high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor of open stope - Google Patents
Method for installing high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor of open stope Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
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Abstract
The invention provides an installation method of an open stope high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor, which comprises the following steps: determining the position coordinates of the explosion core; determining a monitoring direction line of blasting vibration based on the position coordinates of the blasting core in combination with known slope stability data and site slope platform data; determining position coordinates of a monitoring point for installing a monitoring sensor based on the monitoring direction line; determining an orientation datum point based on any point which can be used for looking through the overall position of the side slope as a known point and a monitoring direction line; erecting a total station on a known point, placing a prism on an orientation reference point, and carrying out angle orientation on the total station to finish the setting of the total station; determining the direction angle alpha of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line based on the plane coordinates of the blasting center, the known point and the orientation reference point or based on a prism 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Direction angle alpha based on blasting vibration monitoring direction line 0 Included angle beta between monitoring point and horizontal projection direction 0 Determining the direction of the explosion center; and installing the monitoring sensor based on the explosion direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-steep side slope blasting vibration monitoring of an open stope, in particular to a method for installing a high-steep side slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor of the open stope.
Background
The surface mine exploitation technology is mainly used for reducing rock stripping amount as much as possible, improving ore exploitation yield, continuously forming high and steep slopes along with deep exploitation, and mainly dividing factors influencing slope stability into two types, namely intrinsic geological factors including geological structures, rock mass compositions, internal sections and the like; secondly, the external factors are mainly the influence of mining activities on the stability of the mining activities. Because the mineral texture is hard, mining is often carried out by blasting broken stone, and the generated vibration can directly act on a steep slope. If the high and steep side slope of the deep pit open pit mine is disturbed by different degrees in the production activities of boundary blasting and step blasting, the stability of the side slope changes under the repeated loading of blasting vibration, the structural stability of the side slope rock is changed, the sliding component of the side slope is increased, and the instability phenomenon of the side slope is possibly caused, so that the mine safety production is influenced. In order to avoid damage to stope slopes caused by blasting operation, blasting vibration monitoring work is needed to be started for the blasting operation of the stope, blasting equivalent in the blasting operation is fed back and adjusted according to influence evaluation of the blasting vibration on the slope stability, the purposes of blasting operation and slope stability are considered, and normal production activities of mines are guaranteed.
In general, a blasting vibration monitoring point is arranged behind a detected blasting area and used for measuring and evaluating the influence of blasting vibration on a slope; according to the position of the explosion region, different step heights and the same engineering geological state are selected for point distribution, and different step heights and geological conditions have great influence on the propagation of explosion vibration waves, so that explosion vibration monitoring points are generally selected to be arranged at corresponding representative point positions and are in a straight line with an explosion center, and the attenuation and propagation rules of the explosion vibration to the range are measured.
The factor with the greatest influence on the monitoring of the blasting vibration is the selection of measuring points, the measuring points are generally arranged at the rear of a detected blasting area and used for measuring and evaluating the influence of the blasting vibration on a slope, and corresponding representative monitoring points are selected from different slope steps according to the position of the blasting area and are in straight line with the blasting center in the same direction. The blasting vibration monitoring method is mainly used for analyzing the influence of blasting vibration by monitoring the particle vibration velocity received by a sensor during blasting, and because the blasting point of blasting operation is not fixed, a speed sensor is generally required to be installed at a designated position manually, data acquisition is carried out on field operation equipment, the positive direction (the three-way speed sensor takes an X axis or a Y axis as the positive direction) of the sensor is required to be strictly aligned with a blasting center during installation, the level is kept with the ground, and the data measured by the sensor can be accurate.
The current monitoring work of blasting vibration of high and steep side slopes of an open stope has the following problems:
the blasting operator can mark the blasting center position in the CAD active map according to the production task and the operation area, then select the blasting vibration monitoring direction line and the position of each platform monitoring point in the CAD active map according to the slope stability of the open stope and the related geological data and combining the on-site investigation result, and then utilize the GNSS positioning system to carry out on-site lofting to the open stope to determine the installation position of the monitoring sensor. However, the azimuth angle of the monitoring direction line cannot be determined by GNSS, and the data error source of the sensor monitoring is mainly that the positive direction of the three-way speed sensor arranged on the monitoring direction line is difficult to align with the blasting center, because the sensor is influenced by the environments such as slope position, topography and the like when being installed on site, the condition of the communication with the blasting center position cannot be maintained, and the positive direction of the sensor cannot be aligned with the blasting center; even under the condition of the through-view, the alignment of the positive direction of the sensor to the explosion center cannot be ensured by naked eyes of an installer, so that the accuracy of the monitoring data of the sensor is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an installation method of an open stope high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the position coordinates of the explosion core;
determining a monitoring direction line of blasting vibration based on the position coordinates of the blasting core in combination with known slope stability data and site slope platform data;
determining position coordinates of a monitoring point for installing a monitoring sensor based on the monitoring direction line;
determining an orientation datum point based on any point which can be used for looking through the overall position of the side slope as a known point and a monitoring direction line;
erecting a total station on a known point, placing a prism on the orientation reference point, and carrying out angle orientation on the total station to complete the setting of the total station;
determining a direction angle alpha of a blasting vibration monitoring direction line based on the plane coordinates of the blasting center, the known point and the orientation reference point or based on a prism 0 ；
Step four, monitoring the direction angle alpha of the direction line based on blasting vibration 0 Included angle beta between monitoring point and horizontal projection direction 0 Determining the direction of the explosion center;
and fifthly, installing the monitoring sensor based on the explosion direction.
Optionally, the specific process of determining the monitoring direction line of the blasting vibration is as follows:
determining the position coordinates of the explosion center in the CAD topographic map of the open stope and marking the position coordinates in the map;
and analyzing the impact area of blasting vibration by combining slope stability evaluation data with field slope platform on-site investigation results, blasting explosive equivalent and installation positions, and drawing an impact line of blasting, namely a monitoring direction line, by taking the position coordinate O of the blasting core as a starting point as an extension line.
Optionally, the specific process of performing angular orientation on the total station in the second step is:
s2.11, erecting a total station on a known point, and placing a prism on the orientation datum point;
s2.12, detecting the current position coordinates and the height coordinates through a total station;
s2.13, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum points into the total station;
s2.14, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station;
s2.15, comparing error values between the current measurement coordinates of the total station and the coordinates of the input orientation datum points;
s2.16, correcting the angle of the total station based on the error value, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
Optionally, the specific process of performing angular orientation on the total station in the second step is:
s2.21, erecting a total station on a known point, and placing a prism on the orientation datum point;
s2.22, detecting the current position coordinates and the height coordinates through a total station;
s2.23, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum points into the total station;
s2.24, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station;
s2.25, repeatedly measuring the current measurement coordinates of the total station to obtain smaller errors in the current position coordinates;
s2.26, correcting the angle of the total station based on the small error, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
Optionally, in the third step, a direction angle α of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line is determined 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
according to the plane coordinates of the explosion center, the known point and the orientation reference point, determining the direction angle of the monitoring direction line in the topographic map coordinate system to be the direction angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line 0 Wherein the direction angle alpha 0 Is a line segment Q 0 And line segment QJ Z The included angle between the two is specifically calculated by the following formula:
wherein: k (k) OQ The ray Q is formed by irradiating laser of the total station to the center of the prism at the explosion position 0 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),rays QJ formed by position coordinates and orientation datum points of the explosion center Z Slope of line segment Q 0 To a line segment extending from a known point to the explosion center O, a line segment QJ Z Is a line segment extending from a known point to an orientation reference point.
Optionally, in the third step, a direction angle α of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line is determined 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
setting up the prism at the position of the explosion center, adjusting the placement angle of the prism in the telescope window of the total station to ensure that the laser of the total station is orthographically shot on the prism, and directly reading the azimuth angle, namely the direction angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line, from the total station window after measurement 0 。
Optionally, determining the blasting vibration monitoring direction in the third stepAngle of direction alpha of line 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
turning the prism mirror surface perpendicular to the initial direction by using a high-precision compass to turn the prism mirror surface by |90-alpha 0 The angle of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line is obtained as the angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line 0 。
Optionally, the specific process of determining the direction of the explosion in the fourth step is:
will establish the monitoring point J 1 The position coordinates are input into the total station, the prism is erected at the point, the prism placement angle is adjusted in the window of the total station, so that the laser is orthographically irradiated on the prism, and the azimuth angle alpha is obtained 1 At this time, the explosion center O and the monitoring point J 1 Angle beta in the horizontal projection direction 0 ＝α 1 -α 0 In triangle delta QOJ 1 ；
From the triangle relationship, get J 1 Direction angle alpha of (2) 1 ＝180°-β 0 -α 0 The angle of rotation of the compass with high precision is |90% -alpha with the direction perpendicular to the prism as the initial direction 0 I is the direction of the explosion.
Optionally, the specific process of installing the sensor in the fifth step is as follows:
s5.1, cleaning the first monitoring point J by using a hairbrush 1 To expose bedrock, a first monitoring point J 1 After aligning the direction of the compass, namely aligning the explosion center, bonding the first monitoring sensor on the bedrock by using an adhesive;
s5.2, repeating S5.1, and completing the sensor J in sequence 2 ,J 3 ,J 4 ,…J n And (5) arranging and installing on site.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an installation method of a high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor of an open stope, which utilizes a total station and a high-precision compass to carry out auxiliary installation, so that the sensor is ensured to be arranged on a given monitoring direction line, and the sensor is axially and strictly aligned with a blasting core.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method of installing a blast vibration monitoring sensor in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a compass auxiliary sensor in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein:
1. the method comprises the following steps of explosion, 2, monitoring direction lines, 3, monitoring points, 4, any known point, 5, a slope platform, 6, a directional reference point, 7 and a total station.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that the drawings of the present invention are in simplified form and are not precisely scaled, so as to facilitate the clear and convenient explanation of the implementation of the present invention; the invention is not limited to the specific numbers mentioned in the examples of the drawings; the directions and positional relationships indicated by the terms "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "middle", etc. in the present invention are all based on the directions and positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component to be referred to must have a specific direction, nor should it be construed as limiting the present invention.
This embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, the method for installing the high-steep slope blasting vibration monitoring sensor of the open stope provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
step one, preparation before installation
S1.1, before the explosion vibration monitoring sensor is installed, determining the position coordinate of the explosion core 1, and setting the position coordinate of the explosion core 1 as O (x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 )；
S1.2, determining a monitoring direction line 2 of blasting vibration by combining known slope stability data and site slope platform 5 data; the specific process is as follows: step1: determining the position coordinates of the explosion core 1 in a CAD topographic map of the open stope and marking the position coordinates in the map; step2: and analyzing the impact area of blasting vibration by combining slope stability evaluation data with field slope platform on-site investigation results, blasting explosive equivalent and installation positions, and drawing a blasting impact line, namely a monitoring direction line 2, by taking the position coordinate O of the explosion core 1 as a starting point as an extension line.
S1.3, determining a position coordinate J of the monitoring point 3 based on the monitoring direction line 2, and setting J= (J) 1 ,J 2 ,J 3 ,J 4 ,…J n ) Wherein the position coordinates of each monitoring point 3 are respectively expressed as: j (J) 1 ＝(x 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )、J 2 ＝(x 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 )、J 3 ＝(x 3 ,y 3 ,z 3 )、J 4 ＝(x 4 ,y 4 ,z 4 )、J n ＝(x n ,y n ,z n ) N is the number of monitoring points 3;
s1.4, setting any point capable of looking through the overall position of the side slope as a known point 4, and setting any point on an extension line on the monitoring direction line 2 as an orientation reference point 6, wherein the position coordinate J of the orientation reference point 6 Z Is set asThe position coordinate Q of the known point 4 is set to q= (x) Q ,y Q ,z Q )。
Step two, angle orientation is carried out on the total station
S2.11, erecting a total station 7 on the known point 4, and placing a prism on the orientation reference point 6;
s2.12, detecting the current position coordinates and the height coordinates through the total station 7;
s2.13, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum point 6 into the total station 7;
s2.14, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station 7 to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station 7;
s2.15, comparing error values between the current measurement coordinates of the total station 7 and the input coordinates of the orientation datum point 6;
s2.16, correcting the angle of the total station 7 based on the error value, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
Alternatively, in addition to the above, the following procedure may be used to angularly orient the total station:
s2.21, erecting a total station 7 on the known point 4, and placing a prism on the orientation reference point 6;
s2.22, detecting the current position coordinate and the height coordinate through the total station 7;
s2.23, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum point 6 into the total station 7;
s2.24, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station 7 to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station 7;
s2.25, repeatedly measuring the current measurement coordinates of the total station 7 to obtain smaller errors in the current position coordinates;
s2.26, correcting the angle of the total station 7 based on the small error, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
Step three, calculating the direction angle
Determining the direction angle alpha of the monitoring direction line 2 in the topographic map coordinate system according to the plane coordinates of the explosion core 1, the known point 4 and the orientation reference point 6 0 (namely, the direction angle alpha of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line 0 ) Wherein the direction angle alpha 0 Is a line segment Q 0 And line segment QJ Z The included angle between the two is specifically calculated by the following formula:
wherein: k (k) OQ The ray Q is formed by irradiating laser of the total station to the center of the prism at the explosion position 0 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),rays QJ formed by the position coordinates and the orientation reference points 6 of the explosion core 1 Z Slope of line segment Q 0 To a line segment extending from the known point 4 to the explosion center O, a line segment QJ Z Is a line segment extending from the known point 4 to the orientation reference point 6.
Setting up the prism at the position of the explosion center, adjusting the placement angle of the prism in the telescope window of the total station to ensure that the laser of the total station is orthographically shot on the prism, and directly reading the azimuth angle alpha from the total station window after measurement 0 (namely, the direction angle alpha of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line 0 )；
Turning the prism mirror surface perpendicular to the initial direction by using a high-precision compass to turn the prism mirror surface by |90-alpha 0 The absolute value is the angle of rotation of the compass, but the direction is along with the azimuth angle alpha 0 The opposite is true when the angle is acute or obtuse, the same is true in the fifth step) to obtain the direction angle alpha of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line 0 (namely, the direction angle alpha of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line 0 )。
Step five, mounting the monitoring sensor based on the explosion direction
S5.1, setting a first monitoring point J 1 The position coordinates of the first monitoring sensor are input into the total station and are displayed at a first monitoring point J 1 Setting up the prism at the position, adjusting the placement angle of the prism in the window of the total station to ensure that the laser is orthographically irradiated on the prism to obtain the direction angle alpha 1 At this time, the explosion center O and the first monitoring point J 1 Angle beta in the horizontal projection direction 0 ＝α 1 -α 0 In triangle delta QOJ 1 As shown in fig. 2, the present invention,
the first monitoring point J can be obtained according to the triangular relation 1 Direction angle alpha of (2) 1 ＝180°-β 0 -α 0 The angle of rotation of the compass with high precision is |90% -alpha with the direction perpendicular to the prism as the initial direction 0 The I is the explosion direction, and the prism height can be set to be 0.5m for facilitating the angle adjustment during the installation of the monitoring sensor.
S5.2, cleaning the first monitoring point J by using a hairbrush 1 To expose bedrock, a first monitoring point J 1 After aligning the compass in the direction, i.e. aligning the explosion, the first monitoring sensor is bonded to the bedrock by using an adhesive, preferably, in order to ensure that the Z direction of the first monitoring sensor is parallel to the ground, a level is placed on the first monitoring sensor for strict leveling, and the accuracy of the installation of the first monitoring sensor is further improved.
S5.3 repeating S5.1 and S5.2 to sequentially complete the second to nth sensors J 2 ,J 3 ,J 4 ,…J n And (5) arranging and installing on site.
Experimental example:
the slope design mining elevation of a lead-zinc mine open stope of an inner Mongolia autonomous region is between +932m and +540m, and the final slope height can reach 392m to form a high steep slope, and the slope mainly comprises dense hard mixed rock with smaller anisotropism. However, unfavorable geological factors such as faults, broken bands and the like exist in a part of an ore area, so that the stability of a side slope rock mass is reduced, and particularly, the side slope is extremely easy to be in an unstable state in a local part under blasting vibration by adopting a blasting mining mode. Therefore, blasting vibration monitoring and stability analysis must be performed on the mine slope to ensure the safety of the slope during production operations.
The explosion vibration monitoring of the surface mine needs to be enough understanding to the concrete conditions of the mountain in site, the mining area site is carefully surveyed and inspected while explosion vibration data are collected, a specific explosion range is known to a certain extent, the explosion range is accurately calculated, the maximum range is the final dangerous explosion range, so that the loss caused by data errors is reduced, meanwhile, the influence of vibration on the slope during each explosion operation is accurately monitored, so that the explosion operation planning is adjusted in real time, and serious consequences caused by inaccuracy of data on the explosion behavior of the surface mine in later stage are avoided.
The mine surface stope is a deep concave annular surface high steep side slope, the condition that the total station can meet the condition of the position point on the side slope step at all angles and positions is met, and the beneficial effects of the invention can be realized through the steps of the method.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for installing the vibration monitoring sensor for blasting of the high and steep side slope of the open stope is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining the position coordinates of the explosion core;
determining a monitoring direction line of blasting vibration based on the position coordinates of the blasting core in combination with known slope stability data and site slope platform data;
determining position coordinates of a monitoring point for installing a monitoring sensor based on the monitoring direction line;
determining an orientation datum point based on any point which can be used for looking through the overall position of the side slope as a known point and a monitoring direction line;
erecting a total station on a known point, placing a prism on the orientation reference point, and carrying out angle orientation on the total station to complete the setting of the total station;
determining a direction angle alpha of a blasting vibration monitoring direction line based on the plane coordinates of the blasting center, the known point and the orientation reference point or based on a prism 0 ；
Step four, monitoring the direction angle alpha of the direction line based on blasting vibration 0 Included angle beta between monitoring point and horizontal projection direction 0 Determining the direction of the explosion center;
and fifthly, installing the monitoring sensor based on the explosion direction.
2. The method for installing the sensor for monitoring the blasting vibration of the high and steep side slope of the open stope according to claim 1, wherein the specific process for determining the monitoring direction line of the blasting vibration is as follows:
determining the position coordinates of the explosion center in the CAD topographic map of the open stope and marking the position coordinates in the map;
and analyzing the impact area of blasting vibration by combining slope stability evaluation data with field slope platform on-site investigation results, blasting explosive equivalent and installation positions, and drawing an impact line of blasting, namely a monitoring direction line, by taking the position coordinate O of the blasting core as a starting point as an extension line.
3. The method for installing the sensor for monitoring the vibration of the blasting of the high and steep side slope of the open stope according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of performing the angular orientation on the total station in the second step is as follows:
s2.11, erecting a total station on a known point, and placing a prism on the orientation datum point;
s2.12, detecting the current position coordinates and the height coordinates through a total station;
s2.13, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum points into the total station;
s2.14, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station;
s2.15, comparing error values between the current measurement coordinates of the total station and the coordinates of the input orientation datum points;
s2.16, correcting the angle of the total station based on the error value, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
4. The method for installing the sensor for monitoring the vibration of the blasting of the high and steep side slope of the open stope according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of performing the angular orientation on the total station in the second step is as follows:
s2.21, erecting a total station on a known point, and placing a prism on the orientation datum point;
s2.22, detecting the current position coordinates and the height coordinates through a total station;
s2.23, inputting the position coordinates of the orientation datum points into the total station;
s2.24, measuring the current position coordinates after adjusting a telescope sighting prism of the total station to obtain the current measurement coordinates of the total station;
s2.25, repeatedly measuring the current measurement coordinates of the total station to obtain smaller errors in the current position coordinates;
s2.26, correcting the angle of the total station based on the small error, completing the angular orientation of the total station, and setting the current oriented direction as a zero direction.
5. The method for installing a sensor for monitoring blasting vibration of high and steep slope in open stope according to claim 1, wherein the direction angle α of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line is determined in the third step 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
according to the plane coordinates of the explosion center, the known point and the orientation reference point, determining the direction angle of the monitoring direction line in the topographic map coordinate system to be the direction angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line 0 Wherein the direction angle alpha 0 Is a line segment Q 0 And line segment QJ Z The included angle between the two is specifically calculated by the following formula:
wherein: k (k) OQ The ray Q is formed by irradiating laser of the total station to the center of the prism at the explosion position 0 Is used to determine the slope of the (c) for the (c),rays QJ formed by position coordinates and orientation datum points of the explosion center Z Slope of line segment Q 0 Is a line extending from a known point to the explosion center OSegment, segment QJ Z Is a line segment extending from a known point to an orientation reference point.
6. The method for installing a sensor for monitoring blasting vibration of high and steep slope in open stope according to claim 1, wherein the direction angle α of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line is determined in the third step 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
setting up the prism at the position of the explosion center, adjusting the placement angle of the prism in the telescope window of the total station to ensure that the laser of the total station is orthographically shot on the prism, and directly reading the azimuth angle, namely the direction angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line, from the total station window after measurement 0 。
7. The method for installing a sensor for monitoring blasting vibration of high and steep slope in open stope according to claim 1, wherein the direction angle α of the blasting vibration monitoring direction line is determined in the third step 0 The specific process of (2) is as follows:
turning the prism mirror surface perpendicular to the initial direction by using a high-precision compass to turn the prism mirror surface by |90-alpha 0 The angle of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line is obtained as the angle alpha of the explosion vibration monitoring direction line 0 。
8. The method for installing the sensor for monitoring the blasting vibration of the high and steep side slope of the open stope according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the specific process for determining the direction of the blasting center in the fourth step is as follows:
will establish the monitoring point J 1 The position coordinates are input into the total station, the prism is erected at the point, the prism placement angle is adjusted in the window of the total station, so that the laser is orthographically irradiated on the prism, and the azimuth angle alpha is obtained 1 At this time, the explosion center O and the monitoring point J 1 Angle beta in the horizontal projection direction 0 ＝α 1 -α 0 In triangle delta QOJ 1 ；
From the triangle relationship, get J 1 Direction angle alpha of (2) 1 ＝180°-β 0 -α 0 Perpendicular to the prismFor initial direction, the angle of rotation of the compass is |90% -alpha with high precision 0 I is the direction of the explosion.
9. The method for installing the sensor for monitoring the blasting vibration of the high and steep slope of the open stope according to claim 8, wherein the specific process of installing the sensor in the fifth step is as follows:
s5.1, cleaning the first monitoring point J by using a hairbrush 1 To expose bedrock, a first monitoring point J 1 After aligning the direction of the compass, namely aligning the explosion center, bonding the first monitoring sensor on the bedrock by using an adhesive;
s5.2, repeating S5.1, and completing the sensor J in sequence 2 ,J 3 ,J 4 ,…J n And (5) arranging and installing on site.
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