CN117266925A - Mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method - Google Patents
Mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method, and relates to the field of mining resources. The invention constructs the energy hole in the coal mine tunnel; performing high-pressure grouting hole sealing on the energy hole, and installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge at the energy hole opening part; the hydraulic power generation turbine set is arranged at the rear side of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, the water flow direction is changed, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, and the angular momentum is converted into electric energy; constructing an underground water bin, and guiding the open-flow water body into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline; placing a horizontal pump near the underground water sump, pumping and discharging water in the underground water sump into a surface water treatment station through the horizontal pump, and physically removing impurities and scale from the water; the water body after the scale removal enters a quality-dividing water project or is poured into a surface reservoir; constructing an Olive well, pumping out a water body in a surface reservoir through a water pump, and recharging the water body into a mining layer after sand removal; the mine water energy can be fully utilized on the premise of ensuring construction safety, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral resource exploitation, in particular to a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method.
Background
At present, in the underground mining process of mineral resources in North China, along with the gradual increase of mining depth, the hydrogeology condition of a mining area with strong permeability of an overlying water body and large pressure-bearing water head of a lower overlying water body exists, and the hydrogeology condition is also a main reason for forming 'water damage' such as mine water burst and the like. The mine water is treated and discharged directly in the existing method, the energy accumulated in the water is not utilized, and the economic benefit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides the mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method, which can fully utilize mine water energy and improve economic benefit on the premise of ensuring construction safety.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method comprises the following steps:
under the hydrophobic condition, constructing energy holes downwards or upwards in a coal mine roadway;
performing high-pressure grouting hole sealing on the constructed energy hole, and installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge at the energy hole opening part;
the hydraulic power generation turbine set is arranged at the rear side of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, the water flow direction is changed through the placement mode of the hydraulic power generation turbine set, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, and the angular momentum is converted into electric energy;
constructing an underground water bin, and guiding the open-flow water body into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline;
placing a horizontal pump near the underground water sump, pumping and discharging water in the underground water sump into a surface water treatment station through the horizontal pump, and physically removing impurities and scale from the water;
the water body after the scale removal enters a quality-dividing water project or is poured into a surface reservoir;
constructing an Olive well, pumping the water body in the surface reservoir by a water pump, removing sand, and recharging the water body into a mining layer.
Optionally, the high-pressure blowout prevention valves are provided with a plurality of groups; the high-pressure blowout prevention valve is used for controlling when to drain water; the pressure gauge is used for monitoring the water pressure at the high-pressure blowout prevention valve.
Optionally, the hydro-power generation turbine set is placed in plurality for converting water flow pressure into electrical energy.
Optionally, the construction size of the underground water bin is constructed according to the water quantity obtained by water detection and drainage and the matched peak-valley time difference, and the water storage capacity of natural drainage for at least 12 hours can be carried.
Optionally, the construction of the energy hole downwards or upwards in the coal mine roadway specifically comprises:
when the coal seam is the lower group of coal, searching a position where the fracture exists for constructing an energy hole, wherein the fracture is detected under the interlayer karst for 100-300m, and the fracture is conducted to the interlayer karst area; the construction sequence is that firstly, an interlayer karst area is constructed, grouting is carried out on the interlayer karst area, and a stable filling body is formed by plugging; then the filling body is penetrated, and a construction and interlayer compound triangular area influence zone with water guiding performance is constructed;
when the underground water pipe construction condition is not met, the water body is refilled after being subjected to water quality treatment, so that good water recharging is formed.
Alternatively, the configuration conforms to darcy's law and the forshheimer flow with the head pressure drop of the interlaminar composite delta influence zone.
Optionally, the construction of the olaning well specifically includes:
adding a blocking wall in a coal mine tunnel, positioning and constructing an Ore ash well on the ground surface after the blocking wall is built, penetrating through a mining tunnel layer and penetrating into a lower stratum, and constructing the Ore ash well to a critical stratum above the interlayer karst;
performing pipe running on the constructed Olive well, performing high-pressure grouting on the outer side of the pipe after pipe running, and forming a filling body near the plugging wall;
after the grouting material is cooled, tunneling from the underground roadway to the earth surface construction Olive well, punching through a plugging wall and a filling body, welding a transverse pipe with a vertical pipe, and cutting the vertical pipe at the welding position;
installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge on the horizontal pipe to finish the operation in the horizontal direction;
continuing to construct the vertical Orthograine well from the earth surface, and downwards drilling to an Orthograine karst interlayer karst area or a composite triangular area, wherein the Orthograine karst interlayer karst area adopts a bare hole or is provided with a bridge type water filtering pipe;
perforating or cutting the connection part of the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe after the Oregano well is constructed to the corresponding hole depth, and opening a channel between the horizontal Oregano well and the vertical Oregano well to form a communicating vessel effect;
the method is characterized in that the Ort limestone solution is used as a general equivalent reservoir, the constructed Ort limestone well is equivalent to a water body communicating vessel, a horizontal discharge port is arranged at the roadway of the geothermal well, the equivalent water pressure is provided, and pumping and irrigation water circulation is completed by utilizing a secondary well, so that water flow circulation is formed.
Alternatively, the run-in tubing is a high strength steel pipe or a petroleum casing.
Alternatively, the high pressure grouting material is quick setting cement.
Optionally, the mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method further comprises the following steps: and discharging and spraying electricity to water when the electricity price is high, and pumping the water to the ground surface or reinjecting the water when the electricity price is low by using a water pump.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method, which is characterized in that under the condition of water drainage, energy holes are constructed downwards or upwards in a coal mine tunnel; performing high-pressure grouting hole sealing on the constructed energy hole, and installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge at the energy hole opening part; the hydraulic power generation turbine set is arranged at the rear side of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, the water flow direction is changed through the placement mode of the hydraulic power generation turbine set, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, and the angular momentum is converted into electric energy; constructing an underground water bin, and guiding the open-flow water body into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline; placing a horizontal pump near the underground water sump, pumping and discharging water in the underground water sump into a surface water treatment station through the horizontal pump, and physically removing impurities and scale from the water; the water body after the scale removal enters a quality-dividing water project or is poured into a surface reservoir; constructing an Olive well, pumping out a water body in a surface reservoir through a water pump, and recharging the water body into a mining layer after sand removal; the mine water energy can be fully utilized on the premise of ensuring the construction safety, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
The mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method provided by the invention has the functions of mine water hazard management, pumped storage peak regulation and valley filling, full life cycle utilization of underground space of a mine, advanced drainage exploitation of mine water resource utilization and the like, not only fully utilizes potential energy of water to change 'water hazard' into 'water resource', but also combines a method of utilizing energy storage through less investment, so that a new utilization method is provided for the underground space of the mine after the mining task is completed, and a new economic value is added for mine water flushing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for constructing energy holes downwards in a lower group coal roadway;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process of building a plugging wall and running a pipe in the method for constructing the earth surface of the Orthograine well;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of installing a transverse pipe in the method for constructing the earth surface of an Olympic Games of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the drilling and tubing communication process in the method for construction of the Orthomson well surface of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an Olympic Games concept model of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method which can fully utilize mine water energy and improve economic benefit on the premise of ensuring construction safety.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method includes:
step 1: under the hydrophobic condition, the energy hole is constructed downwards or upwards in the coal mine tunnel.
The coal mine tunnel, namely the coal mine exploitation tunnel, can select tunnel construction energy holes which finish exploitation tasks. Referring to fig. 2, the present invention constructs energy holes downward or upward in a coal mine tunnel in a hydrophobic condition, i.e., drills holes for the next energy conversion and utilization. According to the difference of energy conversion efficiency, the embodiment focuses on downward construction of energy holes.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for constructing energy holes downwards in a lower group coal roadway. Referring to fig. 3, if the mined coal seam is the lower group coal, construction energy Kong Shufang water at a special position with fracture can be found, the fracture is generally provided with water guiding performance, enough safety coal pillars are provided, the fracture penetrates 100-300m below the interlayer karst, and the fracture can conduct the interlayer karst region. The construction sequence is to firstly construct an inter-layer karst area, grouting the inter-layer karst area and plugging to form a stable filling body. The filler is a settable fluid such as grouting (generally, cement and water glass only) and forms a water-blocking area after setting. Then the filling body is penetrated, and the construction is carried out into a broken 'structure water-rich triangular area' influence zone (namely the structure and interlayer compound triangular area in the figure 3) with water guiding performance. The structure and interlayer composite triangular region refers to a composite part with fracture crack structures and interlayer karst water-rich regions in geology, and the fracture structures refer to suture parts with fracture cracks and dislocation in stratum deposition. The "structured rich water triangle" affects the pressure drop of the water head and generally conforms to darcy's law, the forshheimer flow. Next, 3 physical processes of Navier-Stokes turbulence, darcy laminar flow and Forchheimer flow are described as follows.
According to the flow field dynamics theory, groundwater respectively undergoes 3 physical processes of Navier-Stokes turbulence, darcy laminar flow and Forchheimer flow in a collapse zone (a fracture zone), an aquifer and a fracture zone (a fracture zone, a water guide fracture zone and a collapse column) of the North China coal goaf.
1) Navier-Stokes turbulence of goaf caving zone (fault zone)
The goaf caving zone mainly comprises a large-gap medium and irregular pipelines, groundwater freely flows in the goaf caving zone, the flow speed is high, the Reynolds number is generally larger than 10, a non-constant turbulence state is shown, and the non-constant state can be represented by Navier-Stokes equation of incompressible fluid:
wherein ρ represents the fluid density, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the u is the flow rate of groundwater, m/s; t is a time variable, s; η is dynamic viscosity, pa.s;is a gradient operator; p is the fluid pressure, pa; f is the mass force of the fluid, N.
2) Darcy laminar flow in aquifer
The movement speed of groundwater in an aquifer is very small, the seepage driving force is mainly fluid pressure, the flow speed is increased along with the increase of the fluid pressure, the Reynolds number is generally between 1 and 10, and the method obeys the linear Darcy law and can be expressed as:
wherein k is permeability, square meter; z is the water head height, m; g is gravity acceleration, usually 9.8m/s 2 。
In the unsteady state, the seepage continuity equation is:
wherein phi is the porosity of the medium.
3) Forchheimer flow in breaker belt
After mining disturbance, both fault fracture zones and water guide fracture zones are formed by broken rock bodies, and the fault fracture zones belong to porous media with large gaps, and the research of the former proves that the movement speed of underground water in the fault fracture zones is increased or reduced, the water guide flow state of the media does not belong to the Darcy seepage category any more, and the fault fracture zones are in accordance with the relation of the Forchheimer equation. Under unsteady state conditions, the Forchheimer type non-Darcy flow equation of motion, the continuity equation and the state equation of the groundwater in the breaking zone can be expressed as follows:
wherein, c a Is an acceleration coefficient; beta is a non-darcy factor; q is the source and sink item intensity, s -1 ；p 0 Is the initial pressure, pa; phi (phi) 0 Is the initial porosity; c φ Is the pore compression coefficient.
The flow resistance is the reciprocal of the unit seepage coefficient when the linear Darcy law is established, and according to the scientific literature (geothermal anomaly type mine fracture rock hydrothermal migration mechanism and thermal environment control research Wang Junhui), the expression form of the flow resistance can be:
the dimensionless Forchheimer equation (8) is written in the form of flow resistance, which according to the scientific literature, r can be shown as:
B D ＝A D ·ξ (10)
the three physical processes are mutually harmonized and coact to form an organic whole body of groundwater seepage in multiple complex media. The succession of fluid pressure and flow velocity at each percolation field interface constitutes the boundary condition for the groundwater to transition in different flow areas.
4) Characterization coefficients summarized by actual production process runs
The roughness seepage characteristics are clarified, the influence rule of roughness, crack width and flow on wave-type and planar crack water seepage can be analyzed, critical points of Darcy flow and non-Darcy flow are judged, and a crack seepage-pressure drop equation is corrected. However, navier-Stokes turbulence, darcy laminar flow, forchheimer flow are easier to simulate in the laboratory. In the actual production process, the head loss of the middle section of the seepage characteristic can be ignored, and the rough seepage characteristic can be explained by generalizing the available pressure head contrast of the initial end and the tail end.
Based on some seepage characteristics of the North China coal field area, researchers count seepage characteristics of part of sandstone and carbonate strata. According to the actual data statistics of mine advanced drainage, the North China coal field area is mainly covered with water-bearing layer sandstone water, and the head pressure loss caused by the rough seepage characteristic can reach about 60%.
Namely, at the buried depth position of 1000m meters of the ground surface construction drilling hole, the water head pressure formula is ρgh, and the water pressure is about 10Mpa; the pressure observation is carried out on the advanced drainage water of the sandstone water in the pit, the drainage water pressure is influenced by the rough seepage characteristic, the drainage water pressure only reaches 4Mpa, and the characteristics of the drainage water pressure are more in accordance with the Forchheimer flow.
5) Investigation and theoretical summary about interlayer karst
When ancient karst occurs, the original karst is difficult to preserve along with the change of the crust, and most of the existing karst is a secondary fracture eroded by various fluids. At present, the definition of interlayer karst is not unified, but according to actual investigation data, the layer is a weathering crust different from thick-layer non-weathering bedrock in the occurrence period of ancient karst, and the formed structure is a loose structure such as a gully shape, a block shape, a gravel shape and the like, and the structure is easy for raw gas and fluid to invade and erode and form a good water flow conduction channel.
The weathering layer at the top of the Otto karst limestone is about 50m in thickness and has the characteristics of corrosion development, good water permeability, unobvious anisotropic characterization, broken rock, partial muddy quality, poor rock integrity and the like. Multiple times of carbonate rock pumping and filling pressure tests prove that the pressure drop is small and the influence caused by rough seepage is small under the condition that the aquifer is frequently pumped, and the characteristics accord with the Darcy seepage formula. The area is ascertained that the characteristics of the interlayer karst are suitable for being generalized into the underground pressure-bearing reservoir through the modes of multiple drilling construction down pipe and bare hole test, large-scale water pumping test, underground geophysical prospecting test, tracing test and the like. In the non-interlaminar seepage region, the fluid seepage flow in the fractured carbonate stratum is mainly Forchheimer flow, part of the fluid seepage flow is Darcy laminar flow, and the other part of the fluid seepage flow is Navier-Stokes turbulent flow.
With continued reference to fig. 3, if the underground water pipe is not provided with the construction water pipe condition (determined according to the actual condition of the mine, if the mining height is narrow, the construction difficulty is high, the construction condition is not provided), after the water body is subjected to water quality treatment, the water body can be refilled to form good water recharging, and the geological ecological environment is ensured. The water rock ion exchange function is a long-term and complex geological function, water which is discharged in advance in the underground space of the coal mine is purified by water quality treatment, and under the condition of long-term cyclic utilization, the ion components of the surface and underground water body tend to be uniform due to high updating speed of the underground water.
The construction method shown in fig. 3 can combine formation production, form horizontal ectopic recharging through the surface pipeline, the ectopic recharging enlarges the water circulation path, increases the time of water circulation to the water pumping area, and provides time buffering for treating underground emergency under special conditions. In fig. 2 and 3, the injection hole and the reinjection hole are positioned at different positions, but belong to the same stratum, and after the injection and reinjection in different areas, water is transported in the underground stratum, namely, the ex-situ reinjection is performed.
The construction method shown in fig. 3 can be combined with heat pump heat supply and heat extraction and geothermal energy storage utilization, and the lower coal group has heat preservation and heat insulation performance when the upper coal group is mined due to the low heat conduction coefficient of coal, so that the heat storage can be met. The underground water not only has potential energy, but also has heat energy, and the heat in the water is pumped by the heat pump to be utilized, namely, heat supply and heat extraction are realized, and the utilization mode is mature. Geothermal energy storage means that waste heat in life or photovoltaic power generation is used as a resource to store, and water is used as a heat storage medium to store heat energy in a stratum, and the construction method shown in fig. 3 only refers to utilization in a mine completing a mining task, otherwise heat conduction may affect underground mining of the mine.
Step 2: and (3) carrying out high-pressure grouting hole sealing on the constructed energy hole, and installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge at the energy hole opening.
Referring to fig. 2, high-pressure grouting and hole sealing are carried out on the constructed energy hole, so that mine exploitation safety is ensured; and a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge are arranged at the energy orifice part. According to the pressure condition, the high-pressure blowout prevention valve can be provided with a plurality of groups. The high-pressure blowout-preventing valve is a switch for controlling the water outlet of the water outlet so as to determine when to discharge water. The pressure meter is used for monitoring the water pressure at the high-pressure blowout-preventing valve.
Step 3: the hydraulic power generation turbine set is arranged at the rear side of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, the water flow direction is changed through the placement mode of the hydraulic power generation turbine set, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, and the angular momentum is converted into electric energy.
Referring to fig. 2, a hydroelectric generating turbine set is installed at the rear side of a high-pressure blowout prevention valve, and stable generating power is provided by water discharge pressure. The water flow direction is changed through the placement mode of the hydroelectric generating turbine group, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, the angular momentum is converted into electric energy, and the pressure drop generating efficiency is improved. The hydroelectric turbine group may be placed in plurality to substantially convert the potential energy difference. The hydroelectric generating set has the function of converting water pressure (water potential energy) into electric energy, and the principle of the hydroelectric generating set is similar to that of a hydropower station.
Step 4: and constructing an underground water bin, and guiding the open-flow water body into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline.
The invention equivalently regards the Ort ash water storage tank as the underground water bin, and the positions of different coal mines are different. Referring to fig. 2, the underground water bin is constructed, the open-flow water body is guided into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline, and the construction size of the underground water bin can be constructed according to the water quantity obtained by water exploration and drainage and the matched peak-valley time difference. Under the condition of considering economy, the construction size of the underground water sump should be determined according to the water discharge capacity of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, and the minimum water storage capacity capable of bearing 12 hours of natural water discharge should be set. The water storage bin can be added to meet the underground drainage requirement of 1-3 days under the condition of special condition.
Step 5: and placing a horizontal pump near the underground water sump, pumping and discharging water in the underground water sump into a surface water treatment station through the horizontal pump, and physically removing impurities and scale from the water.
Referring to fig. 2, a horizontal pump is placed near the groundwater sump, through which water in the groundwater sump can be pumped. The pumped and discharged water enters a surface simple water treatment station through a water return pipeline in the auxiliary well to physically remove impurities and scale. The auxiliary well is a vertical large well for normally entering and exiting personnel and draining water in the coal industry. In general, water burst is generated in production of production mines, and the water return pipeline refers to a surface pipeline for draining water and then recharging the water into the ground. The water treatment station is a water treatment station arranged for realizing 'good Shui Huiguan' when the water quality difference occurs in the water body.
Step 6: the water body after the scale removal enters a quality-dividing water project or is filled into a surface reservoir.
Referring to fig. 2, the water after descaling can enter a quality-dividing water project for heat extraction and other modes. If water is not needed for quality division, the water is filled into the surface reservoir, and the surface reservoir is mainly used for assisting in underground water storage regulation and is not a main special facility. Some mines have surface pits or surface bodies of water, which may be substituted if the water quality is satisfactory.
The surface reservoir refers to a reservoir capable of storing water on the surface, and is omitted for relieving the underground water storage pressure, such as low water pressure. The water-separating engineering is a generalized term, which refers to the engineering of consuming water, and can be used for irrigation, production and the like according to different water quality types.
Step 7: constructing an Olive well, pumping the water body in the surface reservoir by a water pump, removing sand, and recharging the water body into a mining layer.
Referring to fig. 2, an olan stratum reinjection well (called an olan well for short) is constructed, water in a surface reservoir is pumped out through a water pump, and after sand removal, the water is reinjection into a production layer.
The oldham well is a well for reinjecting water into an original hydrophobic layer, and in order to ensure that the groundwater environment is not affected, the water is injected back into an original aquifer (the oldham aquifer is referred to as an oldham aquifer in the invention) as much as possible. The water pump is a power pump for pumping water from the surface reservoir to the reinjection well, and can be omitted if the surface reservoir is not present.
Due to the occurrence characteristics of the coal seam and uncertainty of underground stratum cracks, the invention provides a specific construction method combining with the construction of the Ordovician earth surface, as shown in figures 4 to 6, in order to reduce technical difficulty and increase universality of the method under the condition that production safety and difficult construction of a specific narrow roadway are considered.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the process of building a blocking wall and running the pipe in the method for constructing the Orthograine surface of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the construction method of the Ort ash well surface of the invention comprises the steps of adding a blocking wall in a roadway, wherein the construction method is to infiltrate water and slurry into the roadway, and accurately positioning and constructing the Ort ash well on the surface after the blocking wall is built. The Ort well is constructed to penetrate through the layer of the mining roadway and deep into the stratum below the mining roadway, and is preferably constructed to the critical stratum above the interlayer karst. And then the constructed Olympic ash well is subjected to pipe running, the pipe is a high-strength steel pipe or a petroleum casing pipe, high-pressure grouting is performed on the outer side of the pipe after the pipe running, a filling body is formed near the plugging wall, and quick setting cement can be used as grouting materials.
The use of high strength steel pipe can prolong the service life of the device and also can use petroleum casing pipe. The blocking walls are positioned at two sides of a construction reinjection well in an underground roadway, and are facilities for pre-blocking the roadway in order to prevent water from being poured into the roadway in construction. The filling body is used for constructing the reinjection well to a certain depth, then cement, water glass and the like are injected downwards through the shaft to perform well cementation, and after well cementation, the reinjection well steel pipe and the stratum form tight combination. Because cement and water glass are fluid during injection, a solidification filling body is formed at the position of the blocked roadway, and the solidification filling body has the functions of stability and water blocking. The filling fluid can be caused to plug the general fracture by high pressure grouting.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of installing transverse pipes in the method for constructing the Oryza sativa surface of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, after the grouting cement is cooled, tunneling is performed from the underground roadway to the earth surface construction Olive well, the plugging wall and the filling body are penetrated, and the transverse high-strength steel pipe is welded with the vertical steel pipe. The welded part does not cut the vertical steel pipe for further construction. And installing a high-pressure valve and a pressure gauge on the horizontal high-strength steel pipe to finish the operation in the horizontal direction.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the drilling and tubing communication process in the method for constructing the Orthomson well surface of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, construction of a vertical oldham well from the earth's surface is continued, drilling down to an oldham karst inter-layer karst area or water-rich triangle, the oldham karst inter-layer karst area taking either bare holes or installing bridge type drainage pipes. After the Ordovician is constructed to the corresponding hole depth, perforating or cutting is carried out on the connection part of the vertical well and the horizontal well tubular product, and a channel between the horizontal well and the vertical well is opened to form a communicating vessel effect. At the moment, the constant pressure water head line is far higher than the horizontal position of the roadway under the original geological environment condition.
As shown in FIG. 7, the concept model of the Ort ash well is that an Ort ash rock solution is used as a substantial equivalent reservoir, a constructed Ort ash well (geothermal well) is equivalent to a water body communicating vessel, a horizontal discharge port is arranged at a roadway part of the geothermal well, the equivalent water pressure is provided, and pumping and water filling circulation is completed by utilizing a secondary well, so that water flow circulation is formed.
In the recent production process, a seepage layer which can provide a continuous pressure water head and has a rough seepage coefficient and less pressure loss is discovered through means such as technical analysis, seismic data discrimination, construction drilling, productivity test verification and the like, the seepage layer can be equivalent to a conceptual underground reservoir, and the equivalent water flow rate, the equivalent water flow rate and the total equivalent water reserve under the condition of replenishing runoff of the equivalent reservoir can be obtained through calculation.
The mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method is high in universality, but a construction team is required to have a certain technical level, and the construction risk is high. Therefore, the invention provides the construction method for constructing the energy holes downwards in the lower group of coal tunnels shown in fig. 3, which can be applied to the coal bed tunnels close to the high-pressure aquifer and prevent construction risks. The method for constructing the Ordovician earth surface shown in figures 4 to 6 is a safe and reliable construction mode with low construction technical requirements and strong risk prevention capability.
In addition, the mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method of the invention has the following advantages:
the interlayer karst system is a stable permeable channel which is verified for a plurality of times in the geothermal development and utilization process, and a natural underground hydraulic gradient slope body can be formed by grouting plugging or curtain technology. The amount of the virtual reservoir can be predicted according to the hydrogeologic coefficient, the elastic water release coefficient, the interlayer karst thickness and the water storage coefficient.
The inclined coal seam exploitation can be combined with the Ort ash hydrothermal exploitation, and the exploitation of karst geothermal water can form advanced drainage or water shutoff due to the formation of a dropping funnel, thereby promoting the coal mine exploitation safety.
The sandstone water drainage at the upper part of the coal bed can be used for advanced drainage and hydroelectric generation, and the electric energy efficiency of water head pressure drop conversion is about 30% according to the general hydroelectric generation calculation experience and the top-bottom observed pressure water head amplitude ratio.
A large amount of data prove that the penetration of the karst water body between layers basically accords with the Darcy seepage principle. Karst between the low-level austempered layers of the coal bed is advanced and hydrophobic and is used for hydroelectric generation, the water head pressure drop is converted into electric energy, and the conversion efficiency can reach more than 60%.
When the upper group coal is mined, as the interlayer between the coal bed and the karst between the Ort ash layers is thicker, the high-pressure plugging is realized by adopting a double-sleeve drilling technology as much as possible under the condition of controllable technology, and grouting is avoided penetrating into the karst areas between the layers, so that grouting material is wasted.
When the lower group of coal is mined, an interlayer between the coal bed and the Ort ash layer is thinner, grouting and plugging can be carried out on an interlayer karst area, a proper position for specific fracture extension is found, and water holes are detected and constructed into the karst triangular area for water drawing. However, the measure increases the water seepage distance and is positioned in the range of the structural water guide system, the kinetic energy of the water guide system is lost by 10-30% or the loss caused by rough seepage, and the specific loss amount is determined according to the moment breaking width and the structural water guide practice.
The method can be used for treating the water damage of the large water mine with the water body at the upper part, can solve the problem of water damage of the production mine by controlling the delivery and irrigation amount (through valve control) and adjusting the pressure water head (through pressure gauge and valve joint control), can change the energy of the water damage, provides a treatment method for the water quality deterioration of the mine water by advanced drainage, and is a mode for recycling the water damage of the mine. The advanced drainage is adopted to drain water in advance, so that the conduction of a water-rich stratum in the production process can be avoided, and further mine water damage is caused.
The method can be used for peak regulation and valley filling of new energy power, electric energy is utilized for pumping water in the valley period, water is discharged in the peak period, energy is converted from potential energy to electric energy to potential energy, and seepage basically accords with Darcy's law due to the characteristic of interlayer karst, and the method has high energy conversion efficiency and good development and utilization prospect. The interlayer karst is used as a layer of geologic body widely existing in North China, and because the existence form of the interlayer karst is three-dimensional, wide and relates to huge space, under the natural seepage of an isobaric water head, the interlayer karst can be considered to independently form the conditions of an upper reservoir and a lower reservoir, and the development and the utilization of the interlayer karst can crack the utilization limitation of a pumped storage area, so that the application range is wider.
When the method is used for peak regulation and valley filling, namely, when the electricity price is high, the water is discharged and generated, when the electricity price is low, the water is pumped to the ground surface or refilled by utilizing the water pump, and the principle is communicated with the pumped storage power station.
Furthermore, the method successfully moves the pumped storage underground by utilizing the karst hydraulic characteristic among the Olympic series layers and the underground tunnel of the coal mine. The demonstration of the availability of the interlaminar karst is the result of the practical verification of geothermal geology practitioners according to the long-term relevant experiments of the thermal storage of the carbonate. Meanwhile, according to practical experience and statistical data and in combination with the idea of service mine production, the invention innovatively provides a construction mode of the underground pumped storage power station, which is a geological interpretation for peak regulation and valley filling, water hazard management and advanced water drainage coal hydrothermal cooperative utilization.
Because the whole system utilizes a basically closed-loop system, no water-rock reaction occurs, and the system belongs to the same-layer water recharging and has less influence on the environment. Weak influence (such as precipitation flocculation generated by water quality oxidation and the like) can adopt a water quality treatment mode, and belongs to 'good water recharging'.
Furthermore, the method can be equally used for the large water metal mine with water body at the upper part and crack communication mining tunnel after plugging by curtain grouting technology, and solves the problem of drainage economy of the large water metal mine. The concrete construction method is that the main water outlet point is plugged first, construction diversion is carried out, and water discharged in an unordered way is utilized.
Furthermore, the method is applicable to the combination of advanced drainage in production mines, and can also carry out pumped storage, peak regulation and valley filling after the end of the mining life cycle, fully utilize underground development facilities and improve the construction economy and life cycle of the facilities.
Furthermore, in the method of the invention, the confined aquifer with the confined and overflow conditions, the reliable seepage channel and a certain considerable seepage flow can be regarded as the energy storage water tank. The confined aquifer with potential energy difference and top old kiln water and with top accumulated water and reservoir is also one application scene. The combination of curtain grouting can be one way of using the method of the invention.
Furthermore, in the method, the water quantity can be calculated by referring to a large well method, a long and narrow roadway method and the like, and the water quantity can be monitored according to actual monitoring. The energy utilization can refer to an energy utilization formula of hydroelectric generation.
The calculation formula of the large well method is as follows:
the calculation formula of the horizontal tunnel method is as follows:
the energy calculation equation of the generated energy is as follows:
furthermore, the method has less investment and more utilization scenes. The current peak-to-valley electricity price ratio is eight times, and the wind-solar power generation peak negative electricity and peak Gu Jiacha are utilized to implement pumped storage, so that the method has higher economical efficiency.
Furthermore, the method for constructing the Orthoash well surface can utilize the underground space to construct a large-scale peak regulation energy storage power station (a plurality of groups of reinjection holes and anti-jet holes are constructed and a generator set is added), and the peak regulation energy storage power station is constructed by utilizing the underground water pressure and the surface water pressure difference, so that the investment is low.
The method can be used for producing mines, and due to the advanced drainage peak shaving water pumping requirement, the underground water pumping quantity is greatly increased, and the greatly increased water pumping quantity belongs to a part of engineering construction. Because the water suction pump quantity is increased, the underground construction emergency capacity is increased, the life and property loss caused by 'water damage' possibly occurring is correspondingly reduced, and the safety of the mine production process is improved.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method, characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the hydrophobic condition, constructing energy holes downwards or upwards in a coal mine roadway;
performing high-pressure grouting hole sealing on the constructed energy hole, and installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge at the energy hole opening part;
the hydraulic power generation turbine set is arranged at the rear side of the high-pressure blowout prevention valve, the water flow direction is changed through the placement mode of the hydraulic power generation turbine set, the water flow pressure is changed into angular momentum, and the angular momentum is converted into electric energy;
constructing an underground water bin, and guiding the open-flow water body into the underground water bin through a closed water guide pipeline;
placing a horizontal pump near the underground water sump, pumping and discharging water in the underground water sump into a surface water treatment station through the horizontal pump, and physically removing impurities and scale from the water;
the water body after the scale removal enters a quality-dividing water project or is poured into a surface reservoir;
constructing an Olive well, pumping the water body in the surface reservoir by a water pump, removing sand, and recharging the water body into a mining layer.
2. The mine water treatment and utilization method of mine water energy of claim 1, wherein a plurality of groups of high-pressure blowout prevention valves are arranged; the high-pressure blowout prevention valve is used for controlling when to drain water; the pressure gauge is used for monitoring the water pressure at the high-pressure blowout prevention valve.
3. The mine water treatment and utilization method of mine water energy of claim 1, wherein said hydro-power generation turbine set is placed in plurality for converting water flow pressure into electrical energy.
4. The mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method according to claim 1, wherein the underground water sump construction is constructed according to the water quantity obtained by water exploration and drainage and the matched peak-valley time difference, and the water storage amount of natural drainage can be carried for at least 12 hours.
5. The mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction of the energy hole downward or upward in the coal mine tunnel specifically comprises:
when the coal seam is the lower group of coal, searching a position where the fracture exists for constructing an energy hole, wherein the fracture is detected under the interlayer karst for 100-300m, and the fracture is conducted to the interlayer karst area; the construction sequence is that firstly, an interlayer karst area is constructed, grouting is carried out on the interlayer karst area, and a stable filling body is formed by plugging; then the filling body is penetrated, and a construction and interlayer compound triangular area influence zone with water guiding performance is constructed;
when the underground water pipe construction condition is not met, the water body is refilled after being subjected to water quality treatment, so that good water recharging is formed.
6. The method of mine water treatment and utilization of mine water energy of claim 5, wherein the configuration and the water head pressure drop of the inter-layer composite delta zone influence zone conform to darcy's law and forshheimer flow.
7. The mine water treatment and mine water energy utilization method of claim 1, wherein the construction of the ohte well specifically comprises:
adding a blocking wall in a coal mine tunnel, positioning and constructing an Ore ash well on the ground surface after the blocking wall is built, penetrating through a mining tunnel layer and penetrating into a lower stratum, and constructing the Ore ash well to a critical stratum above the interlayer karst;
performing pipe running on the constructed Olive well, performing high-pressure grouting on the outer side of the pipe after pipe running, and forming a filling body near the plugging wall;
after the grouting material is cooled, tunneling from the underground roadway to the earth surface construction Olive well, punching through a plugging wall and a filling body, welding a transverse pipe with a vertical pipe, and cutting the vertical pipe at the welding position;
installing a high-pressure blowout prevention valve and a pressure gauge on the horizontal pipe to finish the operation in the horizontal direction;
continuing to construct the vertical Orthograine well from the earth surface, and downwards drilling to an Orthograine karst interlayer karst area or a composite triangular area, wherein the Orthograine karst interlayer karst area adopts a bare hole or is provided with a bridge type water filtering pipe;
perforating or cutting the connection part of the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe after the Oregano well is constructed to the corresponding hole depth, and opening a channel between the horizontal Oregano well and the vertical Oregano well to form a communicating vessel effect;
the method is characterized in that the Ort limestone solution is used as a general equivalent reservoir, the constructed Ort limestone well is equivalent to a water body communicating vessel, a horizontal discharge port is arranged at the roadway of the geothermal well, the equivalent water pressure is provided, and pumping and irrigation water circulation is completed by utilizing a secondary well, so that water flow circulation is formed.
8. The method for mine water treatment and utilization of mine water energy as claimed in claim 7, wherein the down pipe is a high strength steel pipe or a petroleum casing pipe.
9. The method for mine water treatment and utilization of mine water energy as claimed in claim 7, wherein the high-pressure grouting material is quick setting cement.
10. The mine water treatment and utilization method of mine water energy of claim 1, further comprising: and discharging and spraying electricity to water when the electricity price is high, and pumping the water to the ground surface or reinjecting the water when the electricity price is low by using a water pump.
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