CN117264433A - Plant fiber/polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant fiber/polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117264433A CN117264433A CN202311558451.2A CN202311558451A CN117264433A CN 117264433 A CN117264433 A CN 117264433A CN 202311558451 A CN202311558451 A CN 202311558451A CN 117264433 A CN117264433 A CN 117264433A
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- plant fiber
- polyethylene
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MIMDHDXOBDPUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl decanedioate Chemical group CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC MIMDHDXOBDPUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001912 maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001785 acacia senegal l. willd gum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000220479 Acacia Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a plant fiber/polyethylene composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite materials; the raw materials of the composite material comprise modified plant fibers, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil; the modified polyethylene is subjected to freezing treatment for 35-39min at the freezing temperature of minus 20-minus 16 ℃, then palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol are added for ball milling treatment, the ball milling rotation speed is 342-348rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.3-0.5 ℃, the temperature is increased to 77-81 ℃, the heat treatment is carried out for 16-18min, and finally the temperature is naturally restored to the room temperature, so that the modified polyethylene is prepared; the composite material prepared by the invention has low water absorption rate, excellent mechanical property and high retention rate of mechanical property after ultraviolet irradiation and brine soaking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a plant fiber/polyethylene composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plant fiber/polyethylene composite material is a novel composite material prepared by taking plant fiber and polyethylene as main raw materials and adding other auxiliary agents and adopting a high-temperature extrusion (or injection molding, pressing and the like) forming method, is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes and waste plastics and the treatment of environmental pollution, and has important significance for the current environmental protection and the construction of a saving type society.
However, the main components of the plant fiber are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the surface of the plant fiber contains a large amount of polar groups, and polyethylene belongs to nonpolar molecules, so that when the plant fiber and the polyethylene are adopted to prepare the composite material, the compatibility between the plant fiber and the polyethylene is poor, and the mechanical property of the composite material is poor; in addition, the plant fiber has strong hydroscopic property, so that the composite material has higher hydroscopicity and poor processing and molding properties;
in addition, the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material prepared by the prior art has improved mechanical properties to a certain extent, but is still at a lower level, and the mechanical properties are unstable, so that the mechanical properties after ultraviolet irradiation and brine soaking are more lost, and the service performance is influenced.
Therefore, the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material prepared by the prior art has the following technical problems:
1. the compatibility of the plant fiber and the polyethylene is poor, and the mechanical property of the prepared composite material is poor;
2. the water absorption rate is high;
3. the mechanical property loss after ultraviolet irradiation and brine soaking is more, and the service performance is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a plant fiber/polyethylene composite material and a preparation method thereof, and simultaneously solves the following technical problems:
1. the composite material prepared by the method has excellent mechanical properties;
2. the composite material prepared by the method has low water absorption;
3. the composite material prepared by the method has less loss of mechanical properties after ultraviolet irradiation and brine soaking, and high retention rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the following raw materials of modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil;
the mass ratio of the modified plant fiber to the modified polyethylene to the composite filler to the lubricant to the antioxidant to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the epoxidized soybean oil is 48-52:23-25:15-17:0.6-0.8:0.17-0.24:2.4-2.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1;
the lubricant is a mixture of polyethylene wax and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene wax to the calcium stearate is 1:1.2-1.4;
the antioxidation is a mixture of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and the mass ratio of the antioxidant 1010 to the antioxidant 168 is 1:0.8-1.2;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate.
1. Preparation of modified plant fibers
(1) Pretreatment of
Soaking plant fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for 30-34min at 37-41 deg.c, washing and drying to obtain pretreated plant fiber;
the plant fiber is bamboo fiber, the grain diameter is 60-100 meshes, and the water content is 1.6-2.0%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8.4-8.8%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:6.3-7.1;
(2) Secondary treatment
Placing the pretreated plant fiber in a closed environment, then introducing nitrogen to the pressure of 2.5-2.9MPa, heating to 104-108 ℃, performing closed treatment for 25-27min, reducing the pressure to 1.2-1.4MPa after the closed treatment is finished, reducing the temperature to 65-71 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-0.3 ℃/min, then adding deionized water, sodium alginate, cocoamide, tartaric acid and glyceryl monostearate, controlling the stirring speed to 215-225rpm, stirring for 13-17min, continuously reducing the pressure to 0.6-0.8MPa after the stirring is finished, heating to 90-94 ℃ at the speed of 0.4-0.6 ℃/min, performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 21-25min, washing and drying after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are finished, and obtaining the plant fiber after secondary treatment;
the mass ratio of the pretreated plant fiber to the deionized water to the sodium alginate to the cocoamide to the tartaric acid to the glyceryl monostearate is 21-25:156-164:1.4-1.6:1.6-2.0:0.9-1.1:1.0-1.4;
(3) Silane treatment
Mixing the plant fiber subjected to secondary treatment with ethanol solution, adding vinyltriethoxysilane, stirring uniformly, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acacia, stirring ultrasonically for 34-40min at a stirring speed of 260-274rpm, performing ultraviolet-microwave treatment after stirring is finished for 4-6min, wherein the ultraviolet power is 210-216W, the ultraviolet wavelength is 183-187nm, the microwave power is 432-436W, the microwave frequency is 237-243kHz, and drying after ultraviolet-ultrasonic treatment is finished to obtain the plant fiber subjected to silane treatment;
the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-76%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber, the ethanol solution, the vinyl triethoxysilane, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the Arabic gum after the secondary treatment is 10-14:120-140:0.8-1.2:1.6-2.0:1.4-1.8.
2. Modified polyethylene
Placing polyethylene in a freezing environment for freezing treatment for 35-39min at the freezing temperature of minus 20-minus 16 ℃, adding palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol for ball milling treatment after freezing, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 342-348rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.3-0.5 ℃, the temperature is increased to 77-81 ℃ after ball milling, the heat treatment is carried out for 16-18min, and naturally recovering to room temperature after the heat treatment is finished, thus obtaining modified polyethylene;
the particle size of the polyethylene is 110-130nm;
the mass ratio of polyethylene to palmitic acid to sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to polyethylene wax to sorbitol is 40-46:2.4-2.6:3.2-3.6:1.2-1.4:1.8-2.2.
3. Preparation of composite filler
(1) Preliminary modified palygorskite
Soaking palygorskite in hydrochloric acid solution for 45-51min at 38-42 deg.c, stoving, adding deionized water and isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, stirring for 45-55min, and drying to obtain preliminary modified palygorskite;
the palygorskite has particle size of 90-110nm and density of 2.06-2.08g/cm 3 ，SiO 2 56.44 to 56.50 percent of MgO in mass content and 22.60 to 23.00 percent of MgO in mass content;
the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 24-28%;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 16-19:38-42;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite, the deionized water and the isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryloxy) titanate is 46-48:106-114:0.5-0.7;
(2) Secondary modified palygorskite
Mixing preliminary modified palygorskite with deionized water, then adding glycerol, glucose and oleic acid, performing plasma ball milling treatment for 33-39min at a ball milling rotation speed of 276-300rpm, a discharge voltage of 14-18kV and a discharge frequency of 30-34kHz, adding lecithin, phytic acid and betaine for stirring after the plasma ball milling treatment is finished, wherein the stirring temperature is 86-90 ℃, the stirring time is 18-22min, the stirring rotation speed is 390-402rpm, and standing for 40-44min at 1.4-1.8 ℃ after the stirring is finished, thus obtaining secondary modified palygorskite;
the mass ratio of the preliminary modified palygorskite to the deionized water to the glycerol to the glucose to the oleic acid to the lecithin to the phytic acid to the betaine is 17-19:100-110:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.6-0.8:1.8-2.2:1.1-1.5:2.3-2.7;
(3) Composite material
Mixing the secondary modified palygorskite, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, spraying the treatment liquid after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a composite filler;
the mass ratio of the secondary modified palygorskite, the alumina and the calcium carbonate to the treatment fluid is 10-14:7-9:5-7:124-136;
the treatment fluid is a mixture of deionized water, pentaerythritol, xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pentaerythritol to the xanthan gum to the ethyl cellulose to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 68-72:2.1-2.3:1.9-2.1:1.7-1.9:1.3-1.7.
The preparation method of the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the steps of mixing modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, extruding to obtain granules, setting the temperature of the extruder to 178-182 ℃, adding the granules into a die, molding in a vulcanizing press, controlling the heating speed to 6-8 ℃/min, heating to 170-174 ℃, maintaining for 5-7min, pressurizing to 8.5-8.7MPa after melting, maintaining for 18-22min, and finally molding, cooling, die opening and shearing to obtain the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the plant fiber is modified by adopting a specific method, so that the water absorption rate is reduced, the plant fiber is combined with specific modified polyethylene, the compatibility between the plant fiber and the polyethylene is improved, the interfacial binding force between the plant fiber and the polyethylene is enhanced, and the plant fiber is combined with specific composite filler and other technical means, so that the bonding between the material layers in the forming process is favorably increased, a stable structure is formed, the stability of the composite material is ensured, the mechanical property of the composite material is further improved, and the loss of the mechanical property after ultraviolet irradiation and salt water soaking is reduced;
2. the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material prepared by the invention has the tensile strength of 77.4-80.1MPa, the elongation at break of 176-192% (GB/T1040.2-2006), and the impact strength of a simply supported beam of 28.7-31.4KJ/m 2 (GB/T1043.1-2008) with flexural strength of 89.2-91.8MPa (GB/T9341-2008);
3. the water absorption rate of the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material prepared by the invention after soaking for three months is 1.78-1.90%;
4. the invention is prepared byThe plant fiber/polyethylene composite material is placed in the strength of 720W/m 2 After 10d of irradiation under ultraviolet light, the tensile strength is 75.6-79.2MPa, the elongation at break is 171-187%, and the impact strength of a simply supported beam is 27.9-30.8KJ/m 2 The bending strength is 86.8-90.1MPa;
soaking in 36% hydrochloric acid solution for 10d, and has tensile strength of 75.1-78.4MPa, elongation at break of 169-186%, and impact strength of 27.6-30.6KJ/m 2 The bending strength is 85.8-89.3MPa.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the following raw materials of modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil;
the mass ratio of the modified plant fiber to the modified polyethylene to the composite filler to the lubricant to the antioxidant to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the epoxidized soybean oil is 50:24:16:0.7:0.2:2.5:1.2:1.0;
the lubricant is a mixture of polyethylene wax and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene wax to the calcium stearate is 1:1.3;
the antioxidation is a mixture of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and the mass ratio of the antioxidant 1010 to the antioxidant 168 is 1:1;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate.
1. Preparation of modified plant fibers
(1) Pretreatment of
Soaking the plant fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for 32min at 39 deg.c, washing and drying to obtain pretreated plant fiber;
the plant fiber is bamboo fiber, the grain diameter is 80 meshes, and the water content is 1.8%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8.6%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:6.7;
(2) Secondary treatment
Placing the pretreated plant fiber in a closed environment, then introducing nitrogen to the pressure of 2.7MPa, heating to 106 ℃, performing closed treatment for 26min, reducing the pressure to 1.3MPa after the closed treatment is finished, reducing the temperature to 68 ℃ at the speed of 0.2 ℃/min, then adding deionized water, sodium alginate, cocamide, tartaric acid and glyceryl monostearate, controlling the stirring speed to be 220rpm, stirring for 15min, continuously reducing the pressure to 0.7MPa after stirring is finished, heating to 92 ℃ at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 23min, washing and drying after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are finished, and obtaining the plant fiber after secondary treatment;
the mass ratio of the pretreated plant fiber to deionized water to sodium alginate to cocoamide to tartaric acid to glyceryl monostearate is 23:160:1.5:1.8:1.0:1.2;
(3) Silane treatment
Mixing the plant fiber subjected to the secondary treatment with an ethanol solution, adding vinyltriethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acacia, performing ultrasonic stirring for 37min, wherein the stirring speed is 267rpm, performing ultraviolet-microwave treatment after stirring is finished, the treatment time is 5min, the ultraviolet power is 213W, the ultraviolet wavelength is 185nm, the microwave power is 434W, the microwave frequency is 240kHz, and drying after the ultraviolet-ultrasonic treatment is finished to obtain the plant fiber subjected to the silane treatment;
the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 73%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber, the ethanol solution, the vinyl triethoxysilane, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the acacia after the secondary treatment is 12:130:1.0:1.8:1.6.
2. Modified polyethylene
Placing polyethylene in a freezing environment for freezing treatment for 37min at the freezing temperature of-18 ℃, adding palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol for ball milling treatment after freezing, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 345rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.4 ℃, the temperature is raised to 79 ℃ after ball milling, heat treatment is carried out for 17min, and naturally returning to room temperature after heat treatment is finished to obtain modified polyethylene;
the grain diameter of the polyethylene is 120nm;
the mass ratio of polyethylene, palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol is 43:2.5:3.4:1.3:2.0.
3. Preparation of composite filler
(1) Preliminary modified palygorskite
Soaking palygorskite in hydrochloric acid solution for 48min at 40 ℃, drying after soaking, adding deionized water and isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, stirring for 50min, and drying to obtain preliminary modified palygorskite;
the palygorskite has the particle size of 100nm and the density of 2.07g/cm 3 ，SiO 2 The mass content is 56.47%, and the mass content of MgO is 22.80%;
the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 26%;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 17:40;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite, the deionized water and the isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryl oxy) titanate is 47:110:0.6;
(2) Secondary modified palygorskite
Mixing the preliminary modified palygorskite with deionized water, then adding glycerol, glucose and oleic acid, performing plasma ball milling treatment for 36min at a ball milling speed of 288rpm, discharging voltage of 16kV at a discharging frequency of 32kHz, adding lecithin, phytic acid and betaine for stirring after the plasma ball milling treatment is finished, wherein the stirring temperature is 88 ℃, the stirring time is 20min, the stirring speed is 396rpm, standing for 42min at 1.6 ℃ after the stirring is finished, and obtaining the secondary modified palygorskite after the standing is finished;
the mass ratio of the preliminary modified palygorskite to the deionized water to the glycerol to the glucose to the oleic acid to the lecithin to the phytic acid to the betaine is 18:106:1.5:1.0:0.7:2.0:1.3:2.5;
(3) Composite material
Mixing the secondary modified palygorskite, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, spraying the treatment liquid after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a composite filler;
the mass ratio of the secondary modified palygorskite to the aluminum oxide to the calcium carbonate to the treatment fluid is 12:8:6:130;
the treatment fluid is a mixture of deionized water, pentaerythritol, xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pentaerythritol to the xanthan gum to the ethyl cellulose to the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is 70:2.2:2.0:1.8:1.5.
The preparation method of the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the steps of mixing modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, extruding to obtain granules, setting the temperature of the extruder to 180 ℃, adding the granules into a die, molding in a vulcanizing press, controlling the heating speed to 7 ℃/min, heating to 172 ℃, maintaining for 6min, pressurizing to 8.6MPa after melting, maintaining for 20min, and finally molding, cooling, die opening and shearing to obtain the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material.
Example 2
The plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the following raw materials of modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil;
the mass ratio of the modified plant fiber to the modified polyethylene to the composite filler to the lubricant to the antioxidant to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the epoxidized soybean oil is 48:23:15:0.6:0.17:2.4:1.1:0.9;
the lubricant is a mixture of polyethylene wax and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene wax to the calcium stearate is 1:1.2;
the antioxidation is a mixture of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and the mass ratio of the antioxidant 1010 to the antioxidant 168 is 1:0.8;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate.
1. Preparation of modified plant fibers
(1) Pretreatment of
Soaking the plant fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for 30min at 37 deg.c, washing and drying to obtain pretreated plant fiber;
the plant fiber is bamboo fiber, the grain diameter is 60 meshes, and the water content is 1.6%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8.4%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:6.3;
(2) Secondary treatment
Placing the pretreated plant fiber in a closed environment, then introducing nitrogen to the pressure of 2.5MPa, heating to 108 ℃, performing closed treatment for 25min, reducing the pressure to 1.2MPa after the closed treatment is finished, reducing the temperature to 65 ℃ at the speed of 0.1 ℃/min, then adding deionized water, sodium alginate, cocamide, tartaric acid and glyceryl monostearate, controlling the stirring speed to be 215rpm, stirring for 13min, continuously reducing the pressure to 0.6MPa after stirring is finished, heating to 90 ℃ at the speed of 0.4 ℃/min, performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 21min, washing and drying after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are finished, and obtaining the plant fiber after secondary treatment;
the mass ratio of the pretreated plant fiber to deionized water to sodium alginate to cocoamide to tartaric acid to glyceryl monostearate is 21:156:1.4:1.6:0.9:1.0;
(3) Silane treatment
Mixing the plant fiber subjected to the secondary treatment with an ethanol solution, adding vinyltriethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acacia, ultrasonically stirring for 34min, wherein the stirring speed is 260rpm, performing ultraviolet-microwave treatment after stirring is finished, the treatment time is 4min, the ultraviolet power is 210W, the ultraviolet wavelength is 183nm, the microwave power is 432W, the microwave frequency is 237kHz, and drying after the ultraviolet-ultrasonic treatment is finished to obtain the plant fiber subjected to the silane treatment;
the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 70%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber, the ethanol solution, the vinyl triethoxysilane, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the Arabic gum after the secondary treatment is 10:120:0.8:1.6:1.4.
2. Modified polyethylene
Placing polyethylene in a freezing environment for freezing treatment for 35min at the freezing temperature of-20 ℃, adding palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol for ball milling treatment after freezing, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 342rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.3 ℃, the temperature is increased to 77 ℃ after ball milling, heat treatment is carried out for 16min, and naturally returning to room temperature after heat treatment is finished to obtain modified polyethylene;
the particle size of the polyethylene is 110nm;
the mass ratio of polyethylene, palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol is 40:2.4:3.2:1.2:1.8.
3. Preparation of composite filler
(1) Preliminary modified palygorskite
Soaking palygorskite in hydrochloric acid solution for 45min at 38 ℃, drying after soaking, adding deionized water and isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, stirring for 45min, and drying to obtain preliminary modified palygorskite;
the palygorskite has the particle diameter of 90nm and the density of 2.06g/cm 3 ，SiO 2 56.44 mass percent and 22.60 mass percent of MgO;
the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 24%;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 16:38;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite, the deionized water and the isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryl oxy) titanate is 46:106:0.5;
(2) Secondary modified palygorskite
Mixing the preliminary modified palygorskite with deionized water, then adding glycerol, glucose and oleic acid, performing plasma ball milling treatment for 33min at a ball milling speed of 276rpm, discharging voltage of 14kV at a discharging frequency of 30kHz, adding lecithin, phytic acid and betaine for stirring after the plasma ball milling treatment is finished, wherein the stirring temperature is 86 ℃ for 18min, the stirring speed is 390rpm, standing for 40min at 1.4 ℃ after the stirring is finished, and obtaining the secondary modified palygorskite after the standing is finished;
the mass ratio of the preliminary modified palygorskite to the deionized water to the glycerol to the glucose to the oleic acid to the lecithin to the phytic acid to the betaine is 17:100:1.4:0.9:0.6:1.8:1.1:2.3;
(3) Composite material
Mixing the secondary modified palygorskite, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, spraying the treatment liquid after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a composite filler;
the mass ratio of the secondary modified palygorskite, the aluminum oxide, the calcium carbonate and the treatment fluid is 10:7:5:124;
the treatment fluid is a mixture of deionized water, pentaerythritol, xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pentaerythritol to the xanthan gum to the ethyl cellulose to the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is 68:2.1:1.9:1.7:1.3.
The preparation method of the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the steps of mixing modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, extruding to obtain granules, setting the temperature of the extruder to 178 ℃, adding the granules into a die, molding in a vulcanizing press, controlling the heating speed to 6 ℃/min, heating to 170 ℃, maintaining for 5min, pressurizing to 8.5MPa after melting, maintaining for 18min, and finally molding, cooling, die opening and shearing to obtain the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material.
Example 3
The plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the following raw materials of modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil;
the mass ratio of the modified plant fiber to the modified polyethylene to the composite filler to the lubricant to the antioxidant to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the epoxidized soybean oil is 52:25:17:0.8:0.24:2.6:1.3:1.1;
the lubricant is a mixture of polyethylene wax and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene wax to the calcium stearate is 1:1.4;
the antioxidation is a mixture of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and the mass ratio of the antioxidant 1010 to the antioxidant 168 is 1:1.2;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate.
1. Preparation of modified plant fibers
(1) Pretreatment of
Soaking the plant fiber in sodium hydroxide solution for 34min at 41 deg.c, washing and drying to obtain pretreated plant fiber;
the plant fiber is bamboo fiber, the grain diameter is 100 meshes, and the water content is 2.0%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8.8%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:7.1;
(2) Secondary treatment
Placing the pretreated plant fiber in a closed environment, then introducing nitrogen to the pressure of 2.9MPa, heating to 104 ℃, performing closed treatment for 27min, reducing the pressure to 1.4MPa after the closed treatment is finished, reducing the temperature to 71 ℃ at the speed of 0.3 ℃/min, then adding deionized water, sodium alginate, cocamide, tartaric acid and glyceryl monostearate, controlling the stirring speed to 225rpm, stirring for 17min, continuously reducing the pressure to 0.8MPa after stirring, heating to 94 ℃ at the speed of 0.6 ℃/min, performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 25min, washing and drying after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are finished, and obtaining the plant fiber after secondary treatment;
the mass ratio of the pretreated plant fiber to deionized water to sodium alginate to cocoamide to tartaric acid to glyceryl monostearate is 25:164:1.6:2.0:1.1:1.4;
(3) Silane treatment
Mixing the plant fiber subjected to the secondary treatment with an ethanol solution, adding vinyl triethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acacia, ultrasonically stirring for 40min, wherein the stirring speed is 274rpm, performing ultraviolet-microwave treatment after stirring is finished, the treatment time is 6min, the ultraviolet power is 216W, the ultraviolet wavelength is 187nm, the microwave power is 436W, the microwave frequency is 243kHz, and drying after the ultraviolet-ultrasonic treatment is finished to obtain the plant fiber subjected to the silane treatment;
the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 76%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber, the ethanol solution, the vinyl triethoxysilane, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the acacia after the secondary treatment is 14:140:1.2:2.0:1.8.
2. Modified polyethylene
Placing polyethylene in a freezing environment for freezing treatment for 39min at the freezing temperature of minus 16 ℃, adding palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol for ball milling treatment after freezing, wherein the ball milling rotation speed is 348rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.5 ℃, the temperature is increased to 81 ℃ after ball milling, heat treatment is carried out for 18min, and the temperature naturally returns to the room temperature after heat treatment is finished to prepare modified polyethylene;
the particle size of the polyethylene is 130nm;
the mass ratio of polyethylene, palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol is 46:2.6:3.6:1.4:2.2.
3. Preparation of composite filler
(1) Preliminary modified palygorskite
Soaking palygorskite in hydrochloric acid solution for 51min at 42 ℃, drying after soaking, adding deionized water and isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, stirring for 55min, and drying to obtain preliminary modified palygorskite;
the palygorskite has a particle size of 110nm and a density of 2.08g/cm 3 ，SiO 2 56.50% by mass and 23.00% by mass of MgO;
the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 28%;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 19:42;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite, the deionized water and the isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryl oxy) titanate is 48:114:0.7;
(2) Secondary modified palygorskite
Mixing the preliminary modified palygorskite with deionized water, then adding glycerol, glucose and oleic acid, performing plasma ball milling treatment for 39min at a ball milling speed of 300rpm, discharging voltage of 18kV at a discharging frequency of 34kHz, adding lecithin, phytic acid and betaine for stirring after the plasma ball milling treatment is finished, wherein the stirring temperature is 90 ℃, the stirring time is 22min, the stirring speed is 402rpm, standing for 44min at 1.8 ℃ after the stirring is finished, and obtaining the secondary modified palygorskite after the standing is finished;
the mass ratio of the preliminary modified palygorskite to the deionized water to the glycerol to the glucose to the oleic acid to the lecithin to the phytic acid to the betaine is 19:110:1.6:1.1:0.8:2.2:1.5:2.7;
(3) Composite material
Mixing the secondary modified palygorskite, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, spraying the treatment liquid after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain a composite filler;
the mass ratio of the secondary modified palygorskite to the aluminum oxide to the calcium carbonate to the treatment fluid is 14:9:7:136;
the treatment fluid is a mixture of deionized water, pentaerythritol, xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pentaerythritol to the xanthan gum to the ethyl cellulose to the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is 72:2.3:2.1:1.9:1.7.
The preparation method of the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material comprises the steps of mixing modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, extruding to obtain granules, setting the temperature of the extruder to 182 ℃, adding the granules into a die, molding in a vulcanizing press, controlling the heating speed to 8 ℃/min, heating to 174 ℃, maintaining for 7min, pressurizing to 8.7MPa after melting and maintaining for 22min, and finally molding, cooling, die opening and shearing to obtain the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material.
Comparative example 1
The modification of the plant fiber was performed by the pretreatment step, except that the secondary treatment and the silane treatment step were omitted in the step of modifying the plant fiber, and the other operations were the same.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of example 1, the modification of the polyethylene was omitted, and the polyethylene without any treatment was directly used, the particle size of the polyethylene being 120nm, and the rest of the operations being identical.
Comparative example 3
The modification is that, in the step of preparing the composite filler, the secondary modified palygorskite step is omitted, and in the step of compounding, only the primary modified palygorskite, alumina and calcium carbonate are mixed, the step of spraying the treatment liquid is omitted, and the rest of the operations are the same.
Performance detection
The products prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to performance testing with the following specific results:
1. mechanical properties
In the above table, tensile strength was tested according to GB/T1040.2-2006 standard;
the impact strength of the simply supported beam is tested according to GB/T1043.1-2008 standard;
flexural strength was measured according to GB/T9341-2008 standard.
2. Water absorption rate
The products prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were cut into strips of 100X 10X 5mm, the strips were dried in a forced air drying oven at 110℃for 48 hours and weighed to give W1, the dried strips were immersed in warm water for three months and then taken out, the strips were dried after water on the surfaces of the strips was sucked with dry filter paper to give W2, the water absorption was calculated, the formula was water absorption= (W2-W1)/W1X 100%, and the test results were as follows:
3. ultraviolet radiation resistance
The products obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to strength720W/m 2 After 10d of irradiation under ultraviolet light, the mechanical properties were measured as follows:
4. resistance to salt water immersion
The products obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were immersed in 36% by mass hydrochloric acid solution for 10d, and the mechanical properties were measured as follows:
the percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof; any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The plant fiber/polyethylene composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components of modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil;
the mass ratio of the modified plant fiber to the modified polyethylene to the composite filler to the lubricant to the antioxidant to the compatilizer to the plasticizer to the epoxidized soybean oil is 48-52:23-25:15-17:0.6-0.8:0.17-0.24:2.4-2.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1;
the lubricant is a mixture of polyethylene wax and calcium stearate, and the mass ratio of the polyethylene wax to the calcium stearate is 1:1.2-1.4;
the antioxidation is a mixture of an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and the mass ratio of the antioxidant 1010 to the antioxidant 168 is 1:0.8-1.2;
the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene;
the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate;
the preparation method of the modified plant fiber comprises the steps of pretreatment, secondary treatment and silane treatment;
the pretreatment step comprises the steps of soaking plant fibers in a sodium hydroxide solution for 30-34min at 37-41 ℃, and washing and drying to obtain pretreated plant fibers;
placing the pretreated plant fiber in a closed environment, then introducing nitrogen to a pressure of 2.5-2.9MPa, heating to 104-108 ℃, performing closed treatment for 25-27min, reducing the pressure to 1.2-1.4MPa after the closed treatment is finished, reducing the temperature to 65-71 ℃ at a speed of 0.1-0.3 ℃/min, then adding deionized water, sodium alginate, cocamide, tartaric acid and glyceryl monostearate, controlling the stirring speed to 215-225rpm, stirring for 13-17min, continuously reducing the pressure to 0.6-0.8MPa after stirring is finished, heating to 90-94 ℃ at a speed of 0.4-0.6 ℃/min, performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 21-25min, and washing and drying after the heat preservation and pressure maintaining are finished to obtain the plant fiber after secondary treatment;
mixing the plant fiber subjected to secondary treatment with an ethanol solution, adding vinyl triethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acacia, ultrasonically stirring for 34-40min at a stirring speed of 260-274rpm, performing ultraviolet-microwave treatment after stirring is finished for 4-6min, wherein the ultraviolet power is 210-216W, the ultraviolet wavelength is 183-187nm, the microwave power is 432-436W, the microwave frequency is 237-243kHz, and drying after the ultraviolet-ultrasonic treatment is finished to obtain the plant fiber subjected to silane treatment;
the preparation method of the modified polyethylene comprises the steps of putting the polyethylene into a freezing environment for freezing treatment, wherein the freezing time is 35-39min, the freezing temperature is-20 to-16 ℃, adding palmitic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyethylene wax and sorbitol for ball milling treatment after the freezing is finished, the ball milling rotating speed is 342-348rpm, the ball milling temperature is 0.3-0.5 ℃, the temperature is increased to 77-81 ℃ after the ball milling is finished, the heat treatment is finished, and naturally returning to room temperature to prepare the modified polyethylene;
the preparation method of the composite filler comprises the steps of preliminary modified palygorskite, secondary modified palygorskite and compounding;
the preliminary modified palygorskite is prepared by soaking palygorskite in hydrochloric acid solution for 45-51min at 38-42 ℃, drying after soaking, adding deionized water and isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, stirring for 45-55min, and drying;
mixing the primary modified palygorskite with deionized water, then adding glycerol, glucose and oleic acid, performing plasma ball milling treatment for 33-39min, wherein the ball milling rotating speed is 276-300rpm, the discharge voltage is 14-18kV, the discharge frequency is 30-34kHz, adding lecithin, phytic acid and betaine for stirring after the plasma ball milling treatment is finished, the stirring temperature is 86-90 ℃ and the stirring time is 18-22min, the stirring rotating speed is 390-402rpm, standing for 40-44min at 1.4-1.8 ℃ after the stirring is finished, and obtaining the secondary modified palygorskite after the standing is finished;
mixing the secondary modified palygorskite, aluminum oxide and calcium carbonate, spraying the treatment liquid after uniformly mixing, and drying to obtain the composite filler;
the treatment fluid is a mixture of deionized water, pentaerythritol, xanthan gum, ethyl cellulose and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pentaerythritol to the xanthan gum to the ethyl cellulose to the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is 68-72:2.1-2.3:1.9-2.1:1.7-1.9:1.3-1.7.
2. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the secondary treatment step, the mass ratio of the pretreated plant fiber to deionized water to sodium alginate to cocoamide to tartaric acid to glyceryl monostearate is 21-25:156-164:1.4-1.6:1.6-2.0:0.9-1.1:1.0-1.4.
3. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the silane treatment step, the mass concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-76%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber, the ethanol solution, the vinyl triethoxysilane, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the Arabic gum after the secondary treatment is 10-14:120-140:0.8-1.2:1.6-2.0:1.4-1.8.
4. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the preparation method of the modified polyethylene, the particle size of the polyethylene is 110-130nm;
the mass ratio of polyethylene to palmitic acid to sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to polyethylene wax to sorbitol is 40-46:2.4-2.6:3.2-3.6:1.2-1.4:1.8-2.2.
5. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the secondary modified palygorskite step, the mass ratio of the primary modified palygorskite to the deionized water to the glycerol to the glucose to the oleic acid to the lecithin to the phytic acid to the betaine is 17-19:100-110:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.6-0.8:1.8-2.2:1.1-1.5:2.3-2.7.
6. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the compounding step, the mass ratio of the secondary modified palygorskite, the alumina and the calcium carbonate to the treatment fluid is 10-14:7-9:5-7:124-136.
7. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the pretreatment step, the plant fiber is bamboo fiber, the grain diameter is 60-100 meshes, and the water content is 1.6-2.0%;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8.4-8.8%;
the mass ratio of the plant fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:6.3-7.1.
8. A plant fiber/polyethylene composite material according to claim 1, wherein,
in the preliminary modification step of the palygorskite, the particle size of the palygorskite is 90-110nm, and the density is 2.06-2.08g/cm 3 ，SiO 2 56.44 to 56.50 percent of MgO in mass content and 22.60 to 23.00 percent of MgO in mass content;
the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 24-28%;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 16-19:38-42;
the mass ratio of the palygorskite, the deionized water and the isopropyl tri (dioctyl pyrophosphoryloxy) titanate is 46-48:106-114:0.5-0.7.
9. A process for preparing a plant fiber/polyethylene composite according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein,
mixing modified plant fiber, modified polyethylene, composite filler, lubricant, antioxidant, compatilizer, plasticizer and epoxidized soybean oil, uniformly mixing, feeding into a double-screw extruder, extruding to obtain granules, setting the temperature of the extruder to 178-182 ℃, adding the granules into a die, molding in a flat vulcanizing agent, controlling the heating speed to 6-8 ℃/min, heating to 170-174 ℃, keeping for 5-7min, pressurizing to 8.5-8.7MPa after melting and keeping for 18-22min, and finally molding, cooling, die opening and shearing to obtain the plant fiber/polyethylene composite material.
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