CN117263181A - Active burnt preparation system - Google Patents
Active burnt preparation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117263181A CN117263181A CN202311237451.2A CN202311237451A CN117263181A CN 117263181 A CN117263181 A CN 117263181A CN 202311237451 A CN202311237451 A CN 202311237451A CN 117263181 A CN117263181 A CN 117263181A
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- temperature
- gas
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- furnace
- activated
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 220
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 58
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
Abstract
The active coke preparation system comprises a rotary furnace and a control device, wherein an active gas bin is arranged at one end of the furnace end of the rotary furnace, the active gas bins are connected with different active gases, the active gas bin is connected with a gas transmission network pipe, the gas transmission network pipe is connected with a plurality of gas nozzles, and one gas spraying end of each gas nozzle is arranged in the rotary furnace; the two ends of the inner wall of each section of the rotary furnace are respectively provided with a high-temperature-resistant camera device and a reference mark, the high-temperature-resistant camera devices are used for collecting the activation temperature of materials in the corresponding sections, and the reference marks assist the reduction of position errors caused by refraction generated by different temperatures in the rotary furnace; the high-temperature-resistant camera device is connected with the monitoring system, and the control device determines the introduced activated gas and the introduced position according to the temperature information in the rotary furnace monitored by the high-temperature-resistant camera device. The invention monitors the temperature of the material in real time, selects the optimal activating gas, and the unique gas nozzle enables the activating gas to be fully contacted with the material, thereby improving the material activating rate and the quality of the active coke finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active coke preparation, in particular to an active coke preparation system.
Background
The active coke is an adsorption material which is widely used in the water treatment industry, and can adsorb not only organic matters but also inorganic matters, thereby realizing the purification of water.
However, the temperature of carbon during activation is critical to its iodine adsorption value and carbon activation yield:
the iodine adsorption value tends to be increased and then reduced along with the increase of the activation temperature, when the activation temperature reaches 850 ℃, water vapor reacts with carbon atoms on some active points on the surface of the carbon to generate a large number of micropores, and at the moment, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is increased, and the iodine adsorption value is increased. However, when the activation temperature exceeds 850 ℃, the damage to the micropore structure generated by activation is more obvious, so that some micropores are developed into mesopores and macropores, thereby causing the reduction of the specific surface area and causing the reduction of the iodine adsorption value.
The carbon activation yield tends to decrease with the increase of the activation temperature, the number of carbon atoms in the activated state increases with the increase of the activation temperature, and the reactivity with water vapor is enhanced, so that the micropores of the activated carbon increase, the burning loss rate of the activated carbon increases, and the activation yield decreases.
In the production process of active coke, the mixed gas of air and water vapor, flue gas and oxygen (air) is generally adopted for activation or more than two activated gases are alternatively adopted for activation, so that the production of active coke is realized. And the reaction of different activated gases and carbon can emit or absorb heat to influence the activation temperature of the reaction area, thereby influencing the quality of the active coke finished product.
The existing internal heating converter high-temperature steam activation method is a conventional activated carbon production process, and comprises feeding, heating, activating and cooling sections, wherein the temperature distribution interval of the activating sections is about 700-1000 ℃, the reaction of steam and carbon is completed, and pore-forming is carried out to form the activated carbon with rich pore channels. However, in the reaction, the reaction temperature is uncontrollable, the temperature cannot be adjusted in real time to optimize the reaction, and the production process must be readjusted according to the quality of the product after the finished product is taken out of the furnace to be detected; in addition, the temperature distribution is uneven, so that the effective reaction section is reduced, and the yield and quality are unstable.
Accordingly, the problems of the prior art are to be further improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) object of the invention: in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an active coke preparation system.
(II) technical scheme: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provides an active coke preparation system which comprises an automatic feeding device, a rotary furnace, a brushing device, a grinding device, a forming device, a split charging device and a control device which are sequentially and adjacently arranged;
the rotary furnace is provided with an activated gas bin at one end of the brushing device, the activated gas bins are respectively connected with different activated gases through a second control valve, the activated gas bins are connected with a gas transmission network pipe, the gas transmission network pipe is connected with a plurality of gas nozzles through a first control valve, and one ends of the gas nozzles, sprayed out, are arranged in the rotary furnace;
the rotary furnace is divided into a plurality of sections, two ends of the inner wall of each section of the rotary furnace are respectively provided with a high-temperature-resistant camera device and a reference mark, the high-temperature-resistant camera devices are used for collecting the activation temperature of materials in the corresponding sections, and the reference marks are used for assisting the reduction of position errors caused by refraction generated by different temperatures in the rotary furnace;
the control device is respectively connected with the first control valve and the second control valve; the high-temperature-resistant camera device is connected with a monitoring system, and the control device comprises the monitoring system; and the control device determines the introduced activated gas and the introduced position according to the temperature information in the rotary furnace monitored by the high-temperature-resistant camera device.
The rotary furnace comprises a rotary cylinder body, a furnace end and a furnace tail, wherein the furnace tail is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder body, which is close to the automatic feeding device, the furnace end is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder body, which is close to the brushing device, the furnace end is used for outputting activated materials, and the furnace tail is used for inputting the materials to be activated into the rotary cylinder body.
The rotary cylinder comprises a rotary inner cylinder and a rotary outer cylinder, the rotary outer cylinder is sleeved on the rotary inner cylinder, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the rotary outer cylinder and the rotary inner cylinder, the rotary inner cylinder is used for providing an activation space for materials, and the rotary outer cylinder covers and protects the rotary cylinder;
the thickness of the cylinder wall of the end of the rotary inner cylinder, which is smaller than that of the end of the furnace end, is of a reducing body structure, and the distance between the end of the rotary inner cylinder, which is provided with the furnace end, and the placing plane is greater than that between the end of the furnace end and the placing plane.
The rotary inner cylinder is divided into a plurality of cylinder sections, the inner wall corresponding to each cylinder section is provided with the high-temperature-resistant camera device, and one end, far away from the high-temperature-resistant camera device, of each cylinder section is provided with the reference mark.
Wherein, the control device stores the relative position of each reference mark and the corresponding cylinder section high temperature resistant camera device, the relative position of each reference mark and each gas nozzle of the corresponding cylinder section, and the action grid of each gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder 101;
the control device is provided with a plurality of temperature threshold areas in advance, each temperature threshold area comprises available activating gas corresponding to the material in the activating process in the temperature threshold area, and the inflow rate corresponding to each available activating gas in the temperature threshold area.
Wherein, the step of introducing or replacing the activating gas is realized,
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a high-temperature-resistant camera device sends collected pictures/videos in a rotary inner barrel which is shot in real time to a monitoring system, and the monitoring system marks the temperatures in the collected pictures/videos to obtain a temperature mark graph;
secondly, the central unit of the control device carries out distortion reduction on the temperature mark images according to the positions of the corresponding reference marks in each temperature mark image and the relative positions of the reference marks and the corresponding high-temperature-resistant photographing devices of the barrel sections to obtain standard temperature mark images;
step three, the central unit performs grid division on the standard temperature mark graph according to the action grid of the gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder to obtain a grid temperature mark graph;
step four, the central unit calculates the average temperature in each action grid in the grid temperature mark graph to obtain the grid temperature of each action grid;
step five, the central unit determines the activated gas accessed by the activated gas inlet and the activated gas access flow of each gas nozzle;
step six, the command generating unit of the control device generates an activated gas inlet command according to the activated gas accessed by the activated gas inlet and the activated gas inlet flow of each gas nozzle;
and step seven, the command dispatching unit of the control device dispatches the activating gas inlet command to the corresponding component correspondingly, so as to realize the inlet or replacement of the activating gas.
And thirdly, combining the standard temperature mark graph with the action grid of the corresponding gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder to obtain a grid temperature mark graph.
The fourth step is to calculate the number of temperature points in the grid and the temperature of each temperature point: temperature at each temperature point and/or number of temperature points in grid = average temperature within grid.
Wherein the fifth step comprises the steps of,
the central unit determines a specific temperature threshold region in a plurality of preset temperature threshold regions corresponding to the average temperature of each action grid;
the central unit reads the number of the action grids corresponding to each temperature threshold region, and selects the temperature threshold region with the largest number of the action grids corresponding to the temperature threshold as the temperature threshold region corresponding to the activated gas to be selected, and the temperature threshold region is called a target temperature threshold region;
the central unit reads available activating gas and inflow flow corresponding to the target temperature threshold area, and corresponds to each action grid which is the same as the target temperature threshold area and a gas nozzle corresponding to the action grid.
The gas nozzle comprises a nozzle body and nozzle branch pipes, wherein the nozzle branch pipes comprise a plurality of nozzle branch pipes on each nozzle body, and the nozzle branch pipes on each nozzle body uniformly diverge to the periphery;
and one end of the nozzle body, which is close to the nozzle branch pipe, is provided with a bending angle, and when the gas nozzle is arranged on the rotary inner cylinder, the nozzle branch pipe bends towards the inner wall of the rotary inner cylinder.
(III) beneficial effects: the invention provides an active coke preparation system, which is characterized in that the temperature in a furnace is monitored in real time, so that the optimal activation gas is selected according to the activation temperature of a material in a rotary inner cylinder, the activation temperature of the material is controlled in an optimal temperature range, and the activation rate of the material and the quality of a finished active coke are improved; the unique gas nozzle is adopted, so that the activated gas is fully contacted with the material, and the utilization rate of the activated gas is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary inner cylinder and an activation bin of an active coke preparation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shoveling plate in a rotary cylinder of an active coke preparation system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a gas nozzle of an activated coke production system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a reference diagram of the use of a gas nozzle in an activated coke production system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between a control device and each component and the structure thereof in an active coke preparation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an activation gas introduction or replacement step in an activated coke production system according to the present invention;
100-rotating a cylinder; 101-rotating an inner cylinder; 102-an activated gas inlet; 1031-fixing an activation bin; 1032-rotating the activation cartridge; 1033-interface protrusions; 1041-a nozzle body; 1042-nozzle branch pipe; 105-arc plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and more details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it will be apparent that the present invention can be embodied in many other forms than described herein, and that those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations and deductions depending on the actual application without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in the context of this particular embodiment.
The drawings are schematic representations of embodiments of the invention, it being noted that the drawings are by way of example only and are not drawn to scale and should not be taken as limiting the true scope of the invention.
The active coke preparation system is used for preparing active coke and comprises an automatic feeding device, a rotary furnace, a brushing device, a grinding device, a forming device and a split charging device. The automatic feeding device, the rotary furnace, the brushing device, the grinding device, the forming device and the split charging device are arranged adjacently in sequence.
The automatic feeding device is characterized in that lignite and semi-coke are mixed according to a certain proportion, for example, the weight ratio of lignite to semi-coke is 1: and 3.59, preparing materials to obtain active coke raw materials, and feeding the materials into a rotary furnace. The automatic feeding device may be a screw feeding device or other feeding devices, and is not particularly limited herein.
And (3) activating the material by a rotary furnace to prepare active coke, continuously discharging the active coke from a discharging device at one end of the rotary furnace far away from the automatic feeding device, and entering the brushing device.
The brushing device screens the active coke and divides the active coke into powder active coke, powder active coke and usable active coke. The active coke powder grinding device comprises a grinding device, a brushing device, a forming device and a usable active coke, wherein the grinding device is used for conveying the active coke powder (active coke to be ground) to the grinding device, the grinding device is used for grinding the active coke powder to obtain the active coke powder, the active coke powder in the brushing device is conveyed to the forming device, and the forming device is used for shaping the active coke powder screened by the brushing device and the active coke powder obtained by the grinding device to obtain the usable active coke. The brushing device is used for respectively conveying the screened available active coke and the molded available active coke to the split charging device by the molding device, and the split charging device is used for split charging the available active coke to obtain different finished active coke products.
The rotary furnace is provided with an activated gas bin at one end of the brushing device, and the activated gas bins are respectively connected with different activated gases through second control valves. The activated gas bin is connected with a gas transmission network pipe, the gas transmission network pipe is connected with a plurality of gas nozzles through a first control valve, and one ends of the gas nozzles, sprayed out, are arranged in the rotary furnace.
The rotary furnace is divided into a plurality of sections, the two ends of the inner wall of each section of the rotary furnace are respectively provided with a high-temperature-resistant camera device and a reference mark, the high-temperature-resistant camera devices are used for collecting the activation temperature of materials in the corresponding sections, and the reference marks are used for assisting the reduction of position errors caused by refraction generated by different temperatures in the rotary furnace.
The rotary furnace comprises a rotary cylinder body, a furnace end and a furnace tail, wherein the furnace tail is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder body 100, which is close to the automatic feeding device, and the furnace end is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder body 100, which is close to the brushing device. The end of the rotary furnace, which is provided with the furnace head, is one end of the preheating furnace body. The furnace end realizes the output of the activated materials, and the furnace tail realizes the input of the materials to be activated to the rotary cylinder.
The material enters the rotary cylinder 100 of the rotary furnace from the furnace tail, the furnace end is provided with an activated gas inlet 102, and the activated gas enters the rotary cylinder of the rotary furnace along the activated gas inlet 102 of the furnace end. The material is activated with the activating gas in the rotary furnace.
The furnace tail comprises a feed hopper, a material conveying pipeline and a feeding device. The feeding hopper is opposite to the discharge port of the automatic feeding device, and the material output by the discharge port of the automatic feeding device enters the feeding hopper after being output. The feed hopper is connected with the feeding device through the material conveying pipeline, and the feeding device conveys materials entering the feed hopper into the rotary inner cylinder 101.
The length of the rotary cylinder 100 of the rotary furnace is about 23-25 m, the diameter is 2.3 m, the load of the material is 8-10 tons, and the rotary furnace is an internal heating rotary furnace.
The rotary cylinder 100 has a cylindrical structure with two open ends, and the opening of the rotary cylinder 100 is in a horizontal direction. The rotary cylinder 100 comprises a rotary inner cylinder 101 and a rotary outer cylinder, and the rotary outer cylinder is sleeved on the rotary inner cylinder 101 and is coaxially arranged with the rotary inner cylinder 101. The rotary inner cylinder 101 is used for providing an activation space for materials, and the rotary outer cylinder covers and protects the rotary cylinder. The thickness of the wall at one end of the furnace tail of the rotary inner cylinder 101 is smaller than that of the wall at one end of the furnace head, the rotary inner cylinder 101 forms a reducing body, so that the general front end (the end provided with the furnace head) of the furnace body is large, the rear end (the end provided with the furnace tail) is small, the front end of a carbon layer in the furnace is thick, the tail end is thin, the tail end is stacked in a reducing mode, and the utilization rate of activated gas is increased.
Specifically, the rotary outer cylinder may be a semi-cylinder and covers one side of the rotary inner cylinder 101 far away from the ground, and the inner wall of the rotary outer cylinder may be provided with an insulation layer, where one side of the insulation layer far away from the rotary outer cylinder is adjacent to the rotary inner cylinder 101, but does not contact with the insulation layer, so as to ensure that the rotary inner cylinder rotates normally. The heat insulation layer is used for avoiding heat loss in the rotary inner cylinder 101.
The distance between the end of the furnace tail and the placement plane (ground) of the rotary inner cylinder 101 is greater than the distance between the end of the furnace head and the placement plane (bottom), namely the included angle between the rotary inner cylinder 101 and the horizontal plane is greater than 0, so that pushing and lifting of materials are assisted.
The outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101 is provided with a rotary tooth, and the rotary tooth can be arranged at one end of the rotary inner cylinder 101 close to the furnace end or one end close to the furnace tail, so long as the rotary tooth is arranged at the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101. The rotating teeth are arranged on the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101, which is unified with the center of the circle, namely, the rotating teeth form a circular ring shape. The rotating teeth can be meshed with a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is connected with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism can be a rotating motor. The rotating teeth may also be meshed with a gear chain, and the rotating wheel of the rotating mechanism transmits rotational torque through the gear chain, without being particularly limited herein.
The inner wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101 is uniformly provided with a pushing shoveling plate, the pushing shoveling plate rotates and lifts materials entering the rotary inner cylinder 101, and meanwhile, thrust force to the furnace end is generated on the materials, so that the materials move along the furnace tail to the direction of the furnace end. The pushing shoveling plate at least comprises a plurality of arc plates 105 which are uniformly arranged along the inner wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101, the starting point of each arc plate 105 is one end close to the furnace tail, the finishing point of each arc plate 105 is one end close to the furnace head, the height of each arc plate 105 is increased along with the increase of the distance from the furnace tail, as shown in fig. 2, the arc plates 105 are lower at one end close to the furnace tail and higher at one end far away from the furnace tail.
The extending direction from the start point to the end point of the arc plate 105 is the same as the rotating direction of the rotary inner cylinder 101.
As shown in fig. 1, an activated gas bin is disposed at one end of the rotary inner cylinder 101 near the burner, and the activated gas bin is a cylinder structure sleeved on the rotary inner cylinder 101 and is used for inputting and storing activated gas. The whole activated gas bin is a circular column, namely the whole activated gas bin comprises two side walls, a containing space is formed between the two side walls, and activated gas is placed in the containing space.
The activated gas bin comprises a fixed activated bin 1031 and a rotary activated bin 1032, the fixed activated bin 1031 is arranged at one end of the rotary inner cylinder 101 close to the burner and is connected with the activated gas inlet 102, and the rotary activated bin 1032 is arranged at one end of the fixed activated bin 1031 far away from the burner. The distance between the fixed activation bin 1031 and the rotary inner cylinder 101 is greater than zero, i.e., the fixed activation bin 1031 is adjacent to, but not in contact with, the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101. The rotary activation bin 1032 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101, and when the rotary inner cylinder 101 rotates, the rotary activation bin 1032 rotates with the rotary inner cylinder 101.
The surface of the fixed activation bin 1031 opposite to the rotary activation bin 1032 is provided with an interface protrusion 1033, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the interface protrusion 1033 form a torus. The end of the interface protrusion 1033 remote from the burner is disposed in the rotary activation chamber 1032 and has an open structure, thereby realizing the transfer of the activated gas in the fixed activation chamber 1031 into the rotary activation chamber 1032.
The surface of the rotary activation bin 1032 opposite to the fixed activation bin 1031 is provided with a rotary interface, and the rotary interface is annular with the rotary activation bin 1032 on the same central axis and corresponds to the size and position of the interface protrusion 1033. The inner ring and the outer ring of the connection position of the rotary interface and the interface protrusion 1033 are respectively provided with a protection ring, and the protection rings are used for ensuring tightness between the rotary activation bin 1032 and the fixed activation bin 1031, and rubber rings are preferably used.
The end of the rotary activation bin 1032, which is far away from the fixed activation bin 1031, is provided with a gas transmission network pipe, and the gas transmission network pipe is connected with the rotary activation bin 1032. The gas transmission net pipe is a net structure formed by pipelines, and is preferably fixed with the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101, and when the rotary inner cylinder 101 rotates, the rotary activation bin and the transmission net pipe rotate along with the rotary inner cylinder 101. The surface of the transmission net pipe opposite to the rotary inner cylinder 101 is provided with a plurality of gas nozzles, the gas nozzles penetrate through the outer wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101 and enter the rotary inner cylinder 101, and the gas ejection parts of the gas nozzles are arranged in the rotary inner cylinder 101. The activating gas sequentially passes through the fixed activating bin 1031, the rotary activating bin 1032 and the gas nozzles through the activating gas inlet 102 to enter the rotary inner cylinder 101. A first control valve is arranged between the gas nozzle and the transmission network pipe, and the first control valve controls whether the activated gas enters the rotary inner cylinder 101 or not and the inlet amount of the activated gas in the rotary inner cylinder 101. The first control valve is preferably a wireless pipe control valve. The number of the gas nozzles gradually decreases along the direction from the furnace end to the furnace tail.
The heat preservation layer is preferably arranged on one side of the activated gas bin and one side of the transmission net pipe, which is close to the rotary outer cylinder, so that the activated gas bin and the transmission net pipe can receive heat transferred by the rotary inner cylinder 101, the temperature of activated gas is ensured, and the activated gas is ensured to be in a gaseous state.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the gas nozzles include a nozzle body 1041 and a nozzle branch pipe 1042, one end of the nozzle body 1041 is connected with the first control valve, the other end is connected with the nozzle branch pipe 1042, the nozzle branch pipe 1042 includes a plurality of nozzle branch pipes 1042 on each gas nozzle, the gas nozzle preferably includes 4 nozzle branch pipes 1042, and the nozzle branch pipe 1042 on each gas nozzle diverges 360 degrees around. The nozzle branch 1042 may be a straight pipe forming an acute angle with the nozzle body 1041, or may be an arc pipe forming an acute angle with the nozzle body 1041. The nozzle body 1041 has a bending angle near one end of the nozzle branch pipe 1042, and when the gas nozzle is disposed in the rotary inner cylinder 101, the nozzle branch pipe 1042 bends toward the inner wall of the rotary inner cylinder 101. The bending angle is an obtuse angle, preferably 125 degrees.
The bending angle of the nozzle manifold 1042 is the same as the rotational direction of the rotary inner cylinder 101.
The gas nozzle enables the activated gas to be introduced vertically through the carbon layer (namely, the water vapor nozzle and the carbon layer form 90 degrees) which can cause the low utilization rate of the activated gas, the material utilization rate is low, the furnace temperature is reduced, the activation gas is introduced horizontally, namely, the activated gas nozzle is provided with a 90-degree elbow, the injected activated gas and the carbon layer are enabled to be horizontal, the utilization rate of the activated gas is improved, and the nozzle is buried in the carbon layer.
It is difficult to activate with a single activating gas in industrial production, and generally, air and steam, flue gas and oxygen (air) mixed gas are used for activation or two or more activating gases are used for alternate activation.
The activated gas enters the rotary furnace from the furnace end, and finally is discharged into a chimney through the tail incineration, and in the whole process, the material and the activated gas mixture reversely flow to contact and activate.
In order to ensure the temperature of the reaction zone of the cremator and to ensure that the iodine adsorption value and the carbon activation yield of the carbon reach the optimal states, the activated gas introduced in the invention is preferably steam, carbon dioxide or air, and can be one or two or more mixed gases.
The reaction of carbon with water vapor is:
C+2H 2 O-→2H 2 +CO 2 -75kJ
C+H 2 O→H 2 +CO-131kJ
and the water gas reacts with carbon gasification, the activation reaction is an endothermic reaction-cooling effect, and the generated flammable reaction gas (water gas) burns to recover heat, so that heat supply can be balanced.
The steam activation needs to be completed under the condition of isolating oxygen and at the temperature of 750-950 ℃, and air (oxygen) is mixed in as little as possible, so that the yield of the finished carbon product is improved.
The reaction of carbon with carbon dioxide is:
C+CO 2 →2CO-170.5kJ(850～1100℃)
this reaction is also an endothermic reaction, at a temperature higher than that at which steam activates, typically incorporating an appropriate amount of air and steam.
The reaction of carbon with oxygen is:
C+O 2 →CO 2 +386.2kJ (below 600 ℃ C.)
2C decaO 2 →2CO+225.6kJ(800～900℃)
The reaction of carbon with oxygen is exothermic and can be carried out at lower temperatures, and the ratio of the two products CO to CO2 increases with increasing temperature. Because the reaction emits a large amount of heat, the normal temperature in the furnace is not easy to control, particularly uneven activation caused by local overheating is not easy to avoid, excessive burning is avoided, a proper amount of water vapor is generally permeated into an air activating agent, and the temperature of a material layer is controlled by utilizing the endothermic effect of the water gas reaction.
According to the invention, the type of the activated gas and the amount of the gas introduced are controlled according to the temperature of the activated region in the rotary inner cylinder 101, so that the endothermic reaction and the exothermic reaction are balanced, the activation temperature is stable, and the activation is uniform.
The active coke preparation system also comprises a control device and a high-temperature industrial monitoring system, wherein the control device is respectively connected with the automatic feeding device, the rotary furnace, the brushing device, the grinding device, the forming device, the split charging device and the high-temperature industrial monitoring system.
The control device determines the introduced activated gas and the introduced position according to the temperature information in the rotary furnace monitored by the high-temperature-resistant camera device.
The high-temperature industrial monitoring system can be a YZSG-FL endoscopic furnace high-temperature industrial television monitoring system, and can also be other types of high-temperature industrial monitoring systems. The high-temperature industrial monitoring system at least comprises a plurality of high-temperature-resistant camera devices and a monitoring system, wherein the high-temperature-resistant camera devices transmit monitored temperature information to the monitoring system in a wireless transmission mode.
The rotary inner cylinder 101 can be divided into a plurality of cylinder sections according to the requirement, and the inner wall corresponding to each cylinder section is provided with the high-temperature-resistant camera device, so that the temperature control of all materials in the rotary inner cylinder 101 in the activation process is ensured.
The carbon and water vapor activation reaction is an endothermic reaction, the active coke obtained by the reaction at 800-850 degrees is best, the heat balance is needed in the implementation process, the real-time adjustment is needed, and the reformation is carried out in an air compensation mode. The invention sets a plurality of temperature measuring points in the furnace, the temperature measuring points detect the temperature change, air is introduced along with the temperature change, the reaction source in the furnace is endothermic reaction, the temperature is reduced along with the proceeding of the reaction, the temperature measuring points monitor the temperature, and the air is introduced into the furnace during the reduction to lead CO+O 2 A reaction takes place which is exothermic and the heat generated by this exotherm compensates the temperature in the furnace.
The activated gas inlets 102 are respectively connected with different activated gases, and each activated gas and the activated gas inlet 102 are respectively provided with a second control valve, and the second control valves are respectively connected with the control device. The different activating gases may be a single gas or a mixture of gases, and are not particularly limited herein. In the present invention, the activated gas inlet 102 is connected to the first activated gas, the second activated gas and the third activated gas, respectively, and the second control valves are respectively disposed between the first activated gas, the second activated gas and the third activated gas and the activated gas inlet 102.
The monitoring system may be provided in the control device and connected to the control device. The plurality of high-temperature-resistant photographing devices send temperature information of the corresponding barrel section to a monitoring system of the control device, and the control device acquires the temperature information in the monitoring system in real time.
The control device also comprises a central unit, a command generating unit, a command assigning unit, a display unit and an input unit. And the central unit determines the activating gas required by the gas nozzle and the inlet flow thereof according to the temperature information of the monitoring system. The command generating unit generates a control command according to the activation gas inlet flow and the required activation gas. And the command dispatch unit correspondingly sends the control command, and each component controls the corresponding component according to the received control command. The display unit is used for displaying image information acquired by the high-temperature-resistant camera device in the monitoring system, and comprises pictures/videos, temperature information of corresponding positions, and working conditions of the automatic feeding device, the rotary furnace, the brushing device, the grinding device, the forming device and the split charging device. The input unit may input a control command or the like to the active coke preparation system.
The high-temperature-resistant camera device corresponding to each barrel section is preferably arranged at one end of the barrel section, and the high-temperature-resistant camera devices of each barrel section are arranged at the same end of the corresponding barrel section. The one end that every barrel section kept away from high temperature resistant camera device is equipped with the reference mark, the reference mark along with high temperature resistant camera device's increase and evenly set up to the relative position of every reference mark and corresponding barrel section high temperature resistant camera device, and the relative position of every reference mark and corresponding barrel section every gas nozzle are stored in the controlling means.
The control device also stores an action grid of each gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder 101, namely an area of gas sprayed by each gas nozzle corresponding to an action material; including when the rotary drum 101 is stationary relative to the rotary drum 101 at different rotational speeds of the rotary drum 101, each position of material and corresponding period of time stationary relative to the rotary drum 101.
The method comprises the following steps of:
step one, the high temperature resistant camera device sends the collected pictures/videos in the rotary inner cylinder 101 shot in real time to the monitoring system, and the monitoring system marks the temperatures in the collected pictures/videos to obtain a temperature mark graph.
And step two, the central unit carries out distortion reduction on the temperature mark graphs according to the positions of the corresponding reference marks in each temperature mark graph and the relative positions of the reference marks and the corresponding high-temperature-resistant photographing devices of the barrel sections to obtain standard temperature mark graphs.
Step three, the central unit performs grid division on the standard temperature mark graph according to the action grid of the gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder 101, namely, marks the action grid of the gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder 101 in the standard temperature mark graph to obtain the grid temperature mark graph, which specifically may be that the standard temperature mark graph is combined with the action grid of the corresponding gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder 101 to obtain the grid temperature mark graph.
And step four, the central unit calculates the average temperature in each action grid in the grid temperature mark graph to obtain the grid temperature of each action grid. The average temperature within each active grid in the grid temperature signature can be calculated from the number of temperature points in the grid and the temperature of each temperature point: temperature at each temperature point and/or number of temperature points in grid = average temperature within grid.
The control device is provided with a plurality of temperature threshold areas in advance, each temperature threshold area comprises available activating gas corresponding to the material in the activating process in the temperature threshold area, and the inflow rate corresponding to each available activating gas in the temperature threshold area. The available activating gas in the activation process of the material may be a single gas or a mixture of multiple gases, and it should be noted that the available activating gas corresponds to the activating gas connected to the activating gas inlet 102, for example, the first activating gas, the second activating gas, and the third activating gas. Alternatively, it can be said that the available activating gas refers to the best activating gas that can be currently used among the activating gases connected to the activating gas cartridge.
The temperature threshold may include a first temperature threshold, a second temperature threshold, a third temperature threshold, and so on. Here, taking three temperature thresholds as an example, the first temperature threshold is correspondingly connected to the first activated gas, the second temperature threshold is correspondingly connected to the second activated gas, and the third temperature threshold is correspondingly connected to the third activated gas. The temperature intervals of the first temperature threshold value, the second temperature threshold value and the third temperature threshold value are preferably that the first temperature threshold value is less than 800 ℃; the second temperature threshold is 800 ℃ or more and 850 ℃ or less; the third temperature threshold is greater than 850 degrees celsius.
Step five, the central unit determines the activated gas introduced by the activated gas inlet 102 and the activated gas inlet flow rate of each gas nozzle.
In particular it may be that,
the central unit determines a specific temperature threshold region in a plurality of preset temperature threshold regions corresponding to the average temperature of each action grid;
the central unit reads the number of the action grids corresponding to each temperature threshold region, and selects the temperature threshold region with the largest number of the action grids corresponding to the temperature threshold as the temperature threshold region corresponding to the activated gas to be selected, and the temperature threshold region is called a target temperature threshold region;
the central unit reads available activating gas and inflow flow corresponding to the target temperature threshold area, and corresponds to each action grid which is the same as the target temperature threshold area and a gas nozzle corresponding to the action grid.
Step six, the command generating unit generates an activated gas inlet command according to the activated gas introduced by the activated gas inlet 102 and the activated gas inlet flow rate of each gas nozzle. Generating a command for opening a second control valve corresponding to the access activated gas and closing other second control valves; and generating commands for opening the first control valves connected with the gas nozzles corresponding to the same action grid as the target temperature threshold region and closing other first control valves.
And step seven, the command dispatching unit dispatches the activating gas inlet command to the corresponding component correspondingly, so as to realize the inlet or replacement of the activating gas. Specifically, the command dispatch unit sends a control command for opening/closing the second control valve to the corresponding second control valve, and opens/closes the corresponding second control valve to realize the replacement of the access activated gas; the command dispatch unit sends a control command for opening/closing the first control valve to the corresponding first control valve, and opens/closes the corresponding first control valve to realize that the activated gas is introduced into the target action grid to activate the material of the target action grid.
The active coke preparation system can monitor the temperature in the furnace in real time, and the rotary furnace can select the optimal activating gas according to the activating temperature of the material in the rotary inner cylinder, so that the activating temperature of the material is controlled in the optimal temperature range, the material activating rate is greatly improved, and more high-quality active coke is obtained. In addition, the gas nozzle for conveying the activated gas to the rotary furnace adopts a unique design, so that the activated gas is fully contacted with the materials, and the utilization rate of the activated gas is improved.
The foregoing is a description of a preferred embodiment of the invention to assist those skilled in the art in more fully understanding the invention. However, these examples are merely illustrative, and the present invention is not to be construed as being limited to the descriptions of these examples. It should be understood that, to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, several simple deductions and changes can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The active coke preparation system is characterized by comprising an automatic feeding device, a rotary furnace, a brushing device, a grinding device, a forming device, a split charging device and a control device which are sequentially and adjacently arranged;
the rotary furnace is provided with an activated gas bin at one end of the brushing device, the activated gas bins are respectively connected with different activated gases through a second control valve, the activated gas bins are connected with a gas transmission network pipe, the gas transmission network pipe is connected with a plurality of gas nozzles through a first control valve, and one ends of the gas nozzles, sprayed out, are arranged in the rotary furnace;
the rotary furnace is divided into a plurality of sections, two ends of the inner wall of each section of the rotary furnace are respectively provided with a high-temperature-resistant camera device and a reference mark, the high-temperature-resistant camera devices are used for collecting the activation temperature of materials in the corresponding sections, and the reference marks are used for assisting the reduction of position errors caused by refraction generated by different temperatures in the rotary furnace;
the control device is respectively connected with the first control valve and the second control valve; the high-temperature-resistant camera device is connected with a monitoring system, and the control device comprises the monitoring system; and the control device determines the introduced activated gas and the introduced position according to the temperature information in the rotary furnace monitored by the high-temperature-resistant camera device.
2. The activated coke preparation system according to claim 1, wherein the rotary furnace comprises a rotary cylinder, a furnace head and a furnace tail, the furnace tail is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder close to the automatic feeding device, the furnace head is arranged at one end of the rotary cylinder close to the brushing device, the furnace head is used for outputting materials after activation, and the furnace tail is used for inputting materials to be activated into the rotary cylinder.
3. The active coke preparation system according to claim 2, wherein the rotary cylinder comprises a rotary inner cylinder and a rotary outer cylinder, the rotary outer cylinder is sleeved on the rotary inner cylinder, an insulating layer is arranged between the rotary outer cylinder and the rotary inner cylinder, the rotary inner cylinder is used for providing an activation space for materials, and the rotary outer cylinder covers and protects the rotary cylinder;
the thickness of the cylinder wall of the end of the rotary inner cylinder, which is smaller than that of the end of the furnace end, is of a reducing body structure, and the distance between the end of the rotary inner cylinder, which is provided with the furnace end, and the placing plane is greater than that between the end of the furnace end and the placing plane.
4. A system for preparing activated coke according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotary inner cylinder is divided into a plurality of cylinder segments, the inner wall corresponding to each cylinder segment is provided with the high temperature resistant camera device, and one end of each cylinder segment far away from the high temperature resistant camera device is provided with the reference mark.
5. The active coke preparation system according to claim 4, wherein the control device stores the relative position of each reference mark and the corresponding high-temperature resistant camera device of the barrel section, the relative position of each reference mark and each gas nozzle of the corresponding barrel section, and the action grid of each gas nozzle in the rotary inner barrel 101;
the control device is provided with a plurality of temperature threshold areas in advance, each temperature threshold area comprises available activating gas corresponding to the material in the activating process in the temperature threshold area, and the inflow rate corresponding to each available activating gas in the temperature threshold area.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of introducing or replacing the activating gas is performed by,
the method comprises the steps that firstly, a high-temperature-resistant camera device sends collected pictures/videos in a rotary inner barrel which is shot in real time to a monitoring system, and the monitoring system marks the temperatures in the collected pictures/videos to obtain a temperature mark graph;
secondly, the central unit of the control device carries out distortion reduction on the temperature mark images according to the positions of the corresponding reference marks in each temperature mark image and the relative positions of the reference marks and the corresponding high-temperature-resistant photographing devices of the barrel sections to obtain standard temperature mark images;
step three, the central unit performs grid division on the standard temperature mark graph according to the action grid of the gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder to obtain a grid temperature mark graph;
step four, the central unit calculates the average temperature in each action grid in the grid temperature mark graph to obtain the grid temperature of each action grid;
step five, the central unit determines the activated gas accessed by the activated gas inlet and the activated gas access flow of each gas nozzle;
step six, the command generating unit of the control device generates an activated gas inlet command according to the activated gas accessed by the activated gas inlet and the activated gas inlet flow of each gas nozzle;
and step seven, the command dispatching unit of the control device dispatches the activating gas inlet command to the corresponding component correspondingly, so as to realize the inlet or replacement of the activating gas.
7. The active coke preparation system according to claim 6, wherein the step three is to combine the standard temperature mark map with the action grid of the corresponding gas nozzle in the rotary inner cylinder to obtain the grid temperature mark map.
8. The activated coke production system of claim 6, wherein the fourth step is performed by calculating the number of temperature points in the grid and the temperature of each temperature point: temperature at each temperature point and/or number of temperature points in grid = average temperature within grid.
9. The activated coke production system of claim 6, wherein the fifth step comprises,
the central unit determines a specific temperature threshold region in a plurality of preset temperature threshold regions corresponding to the average temperature of each action grid;
the central unit reads the number of the action grids corresponding to each temperature threshold region, and selects the temperature threshold region with the largest number of the action grids corresponding to the temperature threshold as the temperature threshold region corresponding to the activated gas to be selected, and the temperature threshold region is called a target temperature threshold region;
the central unit reads available activating gas and inflow flow corresponding to the target temperature threshold area, and corresponds to each action grid which is the same as the target temperature threshold area and a gas nozzle corresponding to the action grid.
10. The activated coke production system according to claim 1, wherein the gas nozzle comprises a nozzle body and nozzle branches, the nozzle branches comprising a plurality of nozzle branches on each nozzle body uniformly diverging around;
and one end of the nozzle body, which is close to the nozzle branch pipe, is provided with a bending angle, and when the gas nozzle is arranged on the rotary inner cylinder, the nozzle branch pipe bends towards the inner wall of the rotary inner cylinder.
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