CN117259619A - Manufacturing method of urban gate type tunnel reinforcing mesh - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of urban gate type tunnel reinforcing mesh Download PDFInfo
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- CN117259619A CN117259619A CN202311145483.XA CN202311145483A CN117259619A CN 117259619 A CN117259619 A CN 117259619A CN 202311145483 A CN202311145483 A CN 202311145483A CN 117259619 A CN117259619 A CN 117259619A
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 243
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 243
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F27/00—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets
- B21F27/12—Making special types or portions of network by methods or means specially adapted therefor
- B21F27/20—Making special types or portions of network by methods or means specially adapted therefor of plaster-carrying network
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F27/00—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets
- B21F27/08—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets with additional connecting elements or material at crossings
- B21F27/10—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets with additional connecting elements or material at crossings with soldered or welded crossings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A manufacturing method of a gate-type tunnel reinforcing mesh comprises the following steps: step 1: slicing the reinforcing mesh; step 2: prefabricating a reinforcing mesh; the reinforcement mesh comprises a bottom reinforcement mesh, a lateral reinforcement mesh and a top reinforcement mesh. The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of a gate-type tunnel reinforcing steel bar net, which aims to solve the technical problem that the reinforcing steel bar net with high strength and high load bearing capacity for a large-scale hydraulic tunnel structure cannot be manufactured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a manufacturing method of a steel bar mesh of a tunnel of a city gate type.
Background
Urban gate tunnel is a common building type and is generally used in the fields of hydraulic engineering, underground pipelines, transportation and the like. Prefabricated rebar grid construction has found widespread use worldwide. In developed countries such as Europe and America, prefabricated reinforcement mesh construction has become a mainstream construction method. For example, in europe, prefabricated reinforcing mesh construction has been popularized in the fields of bridges, tunnels, hydraulic engineering, and the like. In the united states, prefabricated rebar grid construction is also widely used in large infrastructure construction projects, such as highways, airports, ports, and the like. Meanwhile, the construction of the prefabricated reinforcing mesh is also popularized and applied in some countries and regions of asia, such as japan, singapore, korea, etc. With the continuous innovation and progress of construction technology, prefabricated reinforcing mesh construction will be applied in more fields in the future, and will be continuously developed and perfected.
The application range of the prefabricated reinforcing steel bar net construction at home and abroad is wider, and the prefabricated reinforcing steel bar net construction is not only limited to outdoor positions easy to hoist. In the construction in the enclosed space such as tunnel, prefabricated reinforcing bar net can also obtain the application. The method for prefabricating the reinforcing steel bar meshes in the closed spaces such as tunnels and the like generally adopts prefabricated meshes and adopts the mesh lapping mode to carry out joint treatment, and the construction method for prefabricating the reinforcing steel bar meshes at home and abroad at present cannot meet the related safety requirements.
Aiming at occasions such as large-scale hydraulic tunnels and the like which need to bear high load, high strength requirements and narrow space, the construction of the reinforcing steel bar net generally adopts the processing of single reinforcing steel bars in workshops, and then the reinforcing steel bars are transported to a construction site for paving and binding root by root. This method is time consuming and labor intensive, and the quality of the field ligature is unsatisfactory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of a reinforcement mesh of a gate-type tunnel in order to solve the technical problem that reinforcement mesh with high strength and high load bearing capacity used in a large-scale hydraulic tunnel structure cannot be manufactured.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of a gate-type tunnel reinforcing mesh comprises the following steps:
step 1: slicing the reinforcing mesh;
step 2: prefabricating a reinforcing mesh;
the reinforcement mesh comprises a bottom reinforcement mesh, a lateral reinforcement mesh and a top reinforcement mesh.
The bottom reinforcing bar net is concave, and the reinforcing bar net has 2 layers, is inlayer reinforcing bar net near the center, is outer reinforcing bar net far away from the center, and every layer reinforcing bar net includes the level to the reinforcing bar net face and sets up at the level to the vertical reinforcing bar net face at reinforcing bar net face both ends, in step 2, when prefabricating the bottom reinforcing bar net, adopts following step:
2-1-1) assembling a platform with a length and a width exceeding the maximum size of a bottom reinforcing steel bar net, paving by using I-steel and steel plates, embedding iron stools or steel plates in an assembling site, paving a framework of the platform by adopting I-steel, arranging the I-steel in a certain distance along the length direction, and connecting the I-steel in the length direction;
2-1-2) after the platform framework is laid, fully welding the I-steel and the I-steel by using a welding line with a certain specification;
2-1-3) paving the top surface of the framework of the platform by using a steel plate, and adopting plug welding between the steel plate and I-steel;
2-1-4) using a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified to lay a sample on a steel platform, determining a longitudinal and transverse central line of the steel bar and a side line of a steel bar net, and using a sample punching point as a reference mark;
2-1-5) prefabricating a bottom reinforcing steel bar net, wherein angle irons are used as locating points for locating the bottom longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net, and are located at a certain distance from each other at the cross intersection point close to the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bars and used for locating the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net and grouping the reinforcing steel bars for locating in two directions, and the angle irons are welded and fixed with a platform steel plate;
2-1-6) adopting angle irons as blocking piles at two ends of each steel bar, and arranging 1 set of adjustable devices at two ends of the bottom steel bar net respectively for fixing the vertical steel bars at the transverse ends. The adjustable device is mainly used for fixing the verticality of the end head of the transverse steel bar and fixing the longitudinal steel bar;
2-1-7) firstly paving outer reinforcing steel meshes on a platform, after the outer reinforcing steel meshes are arranged and fixed on the platform, spot welding, then arranging inner reinforcing steel meshes, when the inner reinforcing steel meshes are arranged, firstly arranging connecting reinforcing steel bars among the reinforcing steel meshes, after the connecting reinforcing steel bars are arranged, paving longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bars connected with the connecting reinforcing steel bars, and then adopting steel bars and powder lines for lofting and checking, and arranging residual reinforcing steel bars;
2-1-8) paving prefabricated steel bars in the tool one by one, adjusting the size of the steel bars one by one, compacting by using wedges if the gap between the steel bars and the tool is too large, and welding joints after checking that the assembly size of the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes is qualified;
2-1-9) after the welding is finished, marking the longitudinal center line, removing the end reinforcing steel bar adjustable device, and removing the fixing devices such as wedges;
2-1-10) and hanging the bottom reinforcing steel bar net off the platform by adopting a hanging device after the bottom reinforcing steel bar net is assembled.
The adjustable device is used for fixing the perpendicularity of the transverse reinforcement ends of the bottom reinforcement mesh, the adjustable devices are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal reinforcement at two ends of the bottom reinforcement mesh, each adjustable device comprises a support rod which is vertically arranged, a fixed cylinder is arranged at the upper end of each support rod, the fixed cylinder is horizontally arranged and is opened at two ends of the fixed cylinder, a locking piece is arranged at one end of each fixed cylinder in a penetrating manner, a tightening piece is arranged at the other end of each locking piece, each locking piece comprises a handle and a first connecting piece, and the end A of each first connecting piece is fixedly connected with the corresponding handle; the abutting piece comprises a second connecting piece and an abutting pressing piece, the B end of the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with one side face of the abutting pressing piece, the B end of the first connecting piece and the A end of the second connecting piece are arranged in the fixed cylinder, the B end of the first connecting piece is in threaded connection with the A end of the second connecting piece, the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece can be made to move away from or approach each other on the same axis through the rotating handle, and the abutting pressing piece is made to abut against or loosen the steel bar end of the bottom steel bar mesh.
The hoisting device comprises a balance beam special for the bottom reinforcing steel bar net. The balance beam main beam is I-steel I, 2 lifting lugs I are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel I, one end of each steel wire rope is connected with the corresponding lifting lug I through a shackle, the other end of each steel wire rope is hung on a main hook of 801 hoisting equipment, a plurality of lifting lugs II are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel I, one end of each steel wire rope is connected with the corresponding lifting lug II through the shackle, and the other end of each steel wire rope is hung on a bottom reinforcing steel bar net through a claw hook. The claw hook is hooked on the steel bars of the steel bar mesh, and if the steel bar mesh is clung to the tool, tools such as a crowbar can be used for pushing the steel bar mesh from the edge to the inside. And the space between lifting lugs II connected with the reinforcing mesh by the balance beam is about 2m.
The lateral reinforcing steel bar net is of a plane structure, and in the step 2, when the lateral reinforcing steel bar net is prefabricated, the following steps are adopted:
step 2-2-1), lofting on a steel platform by using a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified, determining a longitudinal and transverse central line of a steel bar and a side line of a steel bar net, and using a sample punching point as a reference mark;
step 2-2-2) positioning welding is carried out at the position of the cross intersection point of the lateral segmented reinforcing steel bar net, which is close to the edge of the steel net, by adopting angle irons at a certain distance, and the positioning welding is used for positioning the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net and positioning reinforcing steel bars in a grouping butt welding way, so that positioning in two directions is realized. The two ends of each steel bar are provided with profile steel as retaining piles;
step 2-2-3), when the lateral reinforcing steel bar nets are paved, firstly paving an outer reinforcing steel bar net, then paving an inner reinforcing steel bar net, paving prefabricated reinforcing steel bars in the tooling one by one, adjusting the size, and compacting by using wedges if the gap between the reinforcing steel bars and the tooling is overlarge;
step 2-2-4), checking the assembly size of the lateral split reinforcing mesh, and welding joints after the assembly size is qualified; after the welding is completed, the fixture is removed and the longitudinal centerline is marked.
And 2-2-5) hanging the reinforcing mesh off the platform by adopting a special balance beam after the lateral reinforcing mesh is assembled.
The hoisting requires the use of a dedicated balance beam. The balance beam main beam is I-steel II, 2 lifting lugs III are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel II, one end of the steel wire rope III is connected with the lifting lugs III through a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope III is hung on a main hook of hoisting equipment, a plurality of lifting lugs IV are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel II, one end of the steel wire rope IV is connected with the lifting lugs IV through the shackle, and the other end of the steel wire rope IV is hung on a lateral reinforcing steel bar net through a claw hook.
The claw hook is hooked on the steel bars of the lateral reinforcing steel bar net, the main hook of the hoisting equipment starts to bear force, if the hoisting equipment cannot be lifted freely, if the reinforcing steel bar net clings to the tool, tools such as a crowbar can be used for pushing the reinforcing steel bar net inwards from the edge, and the lateral reinforcing steel bar net is assisted to be separated from the manufacturing area. The hoisting equipment hangs the lateral reinforcing mesh to a specified stacking point.
The top reinforcing bar net is the arch structure, and the both sides and the side direction reinforcing bar net of top reinforcing bar net are connected, and the top reinforcing bar net includes horizontal semicircle reinforcing bar, longitudinal bar and connecting bar, and the reinforcing bar at top reinforcing bar net both ends is connected with the side direction reinforcing bar net staggered joint, in step 2, prefabricated top reinforcing bar net adopts the normal dress method when wholly assembling, adopts following step:
step 2-3-1) the top reinforcing steel bar net is integrally assembled in a workshop, and the top reinforcing steel bar net cannot be directly transported to an installation position due to the large size of the top reinforcing steel bar net, and the lateral reinforcing steel bar net is installed during installation, so that the field space is insufficient, and the left side top reinforcing steel bar net and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net are required to be disassembled after the whole assembly.
After the whole assembly tooling of the top reinforcing steel bar net is installed, adopting a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified to loft on an arch frame, determining the longitudinal and transverse center line of the reinforcing steel bar and the side line of the reinforcing steel bar net, and adopting a stamping point of the sample as a reference mark; for the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, angle irons are adopted, a certain distance is reserved, the cross intersection points are close to the edges of the steel mesh for positioning the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, positioning steel bars are subjected to grouping butt welding and are positioned in two directions, channel steel is adopted at two ends of each steel bar as a retaining pile, arc-shaped ladders are adopted up and down on the surface of a semicircular tool, and surface positioning steel bars are arranged to refer to a bottom steel bar mesh assembly tool;
after the assembly of the top reinforcing steel bar net in the step 2-3-4) is completed, adopting antirust paint which does not affect concrete pouring on the reinforcing steel bars to make a center mark;
step 2-3-5) the top reinforcing steel bar net is disassembled into a left top reinforcing steel bar net and a right top reinforcing steel bar net, the left top reinforcing steel bar net and the right top reinforcing steel bar net are lifted off the platform, and a special balance beam is required to be used for lifting. The hoisting requires the use of a dedicated balance beam. The balance beam main beam is I-steel three, 2 lifting lugs five are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel three, one end of the steel wire rope five is connected with the lifting lugs five through a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope five is hung on a main hook of hoisting equipment, if 2 lifting lugs six are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel three, one end of the steel wire rope six is connected with the lifting lugs six through the shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope six is connected with a guide chain, and the other end of the guide chain is hung on a steel bar net.
The stress state of the steel wire rope is regulated through the guide chain, and the steel bar net is prevented from tilting in the hoisting process. After lifting the reinforcing mesh, the left side top reinforcing mesh or the right side top reinforcing mesh is placed on the special bracket through adjusting the length of the price guide chain.
Step 2-3-6), the left side top reinforcing steel bar net and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net are stored and transported by adopting special supports, the surfaces of the special supports are arc-shaped, parts of the special supports are straight lines, the curves and the inner layer reinforcing steel bar nets of the left side top reinforcing steel bar net and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net are hearted, the left side top reinforcing steel bar net and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net are placed on the special supports, the left side top reinforcing steel bar net and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net can be directly placed during storage without additional reinforcement, and the left side top reinforcing steel bar net, the right side top reinforcing steel bar net and the special supports are fixed on a vehicle by adopting guide chains and steel wire ropes during transportation, so that the left side top reinforcing steel bar net, the right side top reinforcing steel bar net and the special supports are prevented from moving or overturning during transportation.
The special splicing platform is pre-bent into a semicircular arch by using I-steel, the arch end adopts I-steel with a certain length as an upright post, the total width exceeds the width of the reinforcing steel bar net by a certain distance, the arc circumferential direction is separated by a certain distance, connecting section steel is arranged, the section steel adopts I-steel with a certain length, and umbrella-shaped reinforcement is carried out on the section steel in the arch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) The problem of standardization and modularization of the production of the reinforcing mesh with high strength and high load bearing capacity of the large-scale hydraulic tunnel is solved;
2) Solves the problem of overlarge hoisting deformation of the large-sized steel bar net;
3) Solves the problems of mass production and high-precision quality control of large-scale reinforced nets;
4) The production efficiency of the reinforcing mesh with high strength and high load bearing capacity of the large-scale hydraulic tunnel is improved;
5) And the production cost of the reinforcing mesh with high strength and high load bearing capacity of the large-scale hydraulic tunnel is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a portal reinforcing mesh in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a bottom reinforcement cage according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the bottom reinforcement mesh of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a bottom reinforcement cage in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 5 is a front view of a lateral rebar grid in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 6 is a side view of a lateral rebar mesh in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 7 is a front view of a top mesh reinforcement of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a side view of a top mesh reinforcement of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a front view of the bottom reinforcement cage assembly of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a top view of the bottom reinforcement mat assembly of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a bottom reinforcement cage lifting view of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a side-to-side rebar grid shop in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a top view of a side-to-side rebar grid shop in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 14 is an assembled view of the top mesh reinforcement workshop of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a front view of the horizontal lifting of the top mesh reinforcement of the present invention;
fig. 16 is an elevation view of a top mesh reinforcement split storage and special purpose rack of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for manufacturing a gate-type prefabricated reinforcing mesh comprises the following steps:
step 1: reinforcing mesh slicing division
According to the size of the transport vehicle, road limiting conditions, hoisting machinery working conditions and site warehouse dividing conditions, the reinforcing mesh needs to be segmented. The segments are in three major ways, as shown in fig. 1, the rebar grid is divided into a bottom rebar grid 100, a lateral rebar grid 200, and a top rebar grid 300. And then slicing each part, wherein the specific size is determined according to the transportation condition. The butt joint of the reinforcing steel bars requires that the joint distance between adjacent reinforcing steel bars is 36 times of the diameter of the reinforcing steel bars, and the field butt joint of the reinforcing steel bar net adopts a reinforcing steel bar lap joint welding joint.
The width of the bottom reinforcing mesh 100 is consistent with the width of the tunnel, the water flow direction is valued according to the transportation condition, and the bottom reinforcing mesh is jointed with the side valve in a butt joint manner, and the bottom reinforcing mesh is valued according to the specification. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the bottom reinforcing mesh 100 is composed of transverse reinforcing bars 101, longitudinal reinforcing bars 102, and connecting reinforcing bars 103.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the width of the lateral reinforcing mesh 200 is consistent with the width of the tunnel, and the length is consistent with the bottom. The upper and lower joint stagger joint is considered according to 36 times of the diameter of the steel bar. The lateral reinforcing mesh 200 is composed of transverse reinforcing bars 201, longitudinal reinforcing bars 202 and connecting reinforcing bars 203.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the top reinforcing mesh 300 is semicircular, and has a width completely consistent with the width of the tunnel and a length consistent with the bottom section. The staggered joint with the lateral slicing interfaces is considered according to 36 times of the diameter of the steel bar. The top reinforcing mesh 300 is composed of transverse semicircular reinforcing bars 301, longitudinal reinforcing bars 302 and connecting reinforcing bars 303.
Step 2: prefabrication of reinforcing mesh
(1) The bottom reinforcing mesh 100 has a concave structure, the lateral reinforcing mesh 200 has a planar structure, and the top reinforcing mesh 300 has a semicircular shape, and the three reinforcing meshes are prefabricated by different methods, so that a flat site is required for manufacturing.
(2) Prefabricated bottom reinforcement mesh 100
Firstly, a platform with the length and width exceeding the maximum size of the bottom reinforcing steel bar net 100 by about 2m is assembled, the platform is paved by using I-shaped steel and steel plates, and the flatness of the platform is 3mm. The assembly field needs embedded parts such as pre-buried iron stools or section steel, and the like, adopts an I-steel laying platform, and the length direction is through-length I-steel, and the I-steel is arranged at intervals of 2m, wherein the I-steel is adopted for connection, and the distance between the connection I-steel is 2m. After the layout is completed, 6mm welding seams are used for full welding, and the unevenness of the top surface of the I-steel is 3mm. Next, a steel plate laying platform is used, plug welding is adopted between the steel plate and the I-steel, the diameter of a plug welding hole is 16mm, and the interval is 0.5m. The butt joint of the assembled steel plates adopts a V-shaped groove with a blunt edge, the depth of the groove is 10mm, and intermittent welding is adopted. The periphery of the steel plate and the embedded I-steel are subjected to intermittent welding, the height of a welding leg is 8mm, and the surface flatness of the steel plate is 3mm.
Secondly, lofting on a steel platform by using a steel ruler and a powder line which are qualified after verification, determining the longitudinal and transverse center line of the steel bar and the edge line of the steel bar net, and adopting a sample punching point as a reference mark.
Next, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the bottom reinforcing mesh 100 is prefabricated, and angle irons (length 50mm, chamfer angle) are used as positioning points for positioning the bottom longitudinal and transverse reinforcing mesh, the intervals are 1200mm, and the angle irons are welded at the cross intersections (0.5 times of the diameter of the reinforcing steel bars from the center line) near the edges of the reinforcing mesh to position the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing mesh and group the welding positioning reinforcing bars for positioning in two directions.
And angle irons are adopted as retaining piles at two ends of each reinforcing steel bar. Two ends of the bottom reinforcing mesh are respectively provided with 1 set of adjustable devices 114 for fixing the vertical reinforcing steel bars with transverse ends. The adjustable device 114 is mainly used for fixing the verticality of the end of the transverse reinforcing steel bar and fixing the longitudinal reinforcing steel bar.
Firstly, paving an outer layer reinforcing steel bar net on the tool, after the reinforcing steel bar net is fixedly arranged in the tool, spot welding is carried out, then, an inner layer reinforcing steel bar net is arranged, when the inner layer reinforcing steel bar net is arranged, connecting reinforcing steel bars 103 between the reinforcing steel bar nets are firstly arranged, after the connecting reinforcing steel bars are installed, longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bars connected with the connecting reinforcing steel bars are paved, then, a steel rule, a powder line and the like are adopted for lofting and checking, and the remaining reinforcing steel bars are arranged.
The prefabricated reinforcing steel bars are laid in the tool one by one, and the size is adjusted one by one. If the gap between the steel bar and the tooling is too large, a wedge can be used for compaction. After the assembly size of the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net is checked to be qualified, a certificate-holding welder performs welding joint.
After the welding is completed, the longitudinal center line is marked and the end bar adjustable device 114 is removed, and the fixing devices such as wedges are removed.
Adjustable device 114: according to the width of the steel bar net, a 2-seat support is adopted, a rotary spiral propelling device is arranged on the support, the stroke of the rotary spiral propelling device is more than 1.5 times of the distance between two layers of steel bar nets, one side of the rotary disk is connected with the steel bar, the other side of the rotary disk is connected with the steel bar, the steel bar net at the bottom is welded on the steel bar, the steel bar is laterally positioned, a hole is drilled in the middle of the steel bar is positioned and used for penetrating a shaft or a steel bar, when the steel bar is placed in the steel bar, the shaft or the steel bar is penetrated through a steel bar hole, and a wedge plate is adopted to strike between the steel bar and the shaft to fasten the steel bar.
Again, after the bottom rebar grid 100 is assembled, the platform is lifted off, as shown in fig. 11, and a special balance beam is required for lifting. The balance beam main beam is I-steel one 126, 2 lifting lugs one 124 are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel one 126, one end of a steel wire rope one 121 is connected with the lifting lug one 124 through a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope one is hung on a main hook of lifting equipment 801, a plurality of lifting lugs two 125 are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel one 126, one end of the steel wire rope two 123 is connected with the lifting lug two 125 through the shackle, and the other end of the steel wire rope two is hung on a bottom reinforcing steel bar net 100 through a claw hook 122.
The claw hook 122 is hooked on the steel bars of the steel bar mesh, the main hook of the lifting device 801 starts to bear force, if the lifting device cannot be lifted freely, if the steel bar mesh is clung to the tool, tools such as a crowbar can be used for pushing inwards from the edge, and the bottom steel bar mesh 100 is assisted to be separated from the manufacturing area. Lifting apparatus 801 lifts bottom mat 100 to a designated stacking point.
(3) Prefabricated lateral rebar grid 200
The lateral rebar grid 200 is a straight, unbent rebar grid.
Firstly, lofting a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified on a steel platform, determining a longitudinal and transverse central line of a steel bar and a side line of a steel bar net, and using a sample punching point as a reference mark.
Secondly, at the position of the cross intersection point of the lateral segmented reinforcing steel bar net, which is close to the edge of the steel net (the distance which is 0.5 times of the diameter of the reinforcing steel bar from the central line), angle irons (L=50mm and chamfer angles) are adopted to carry out positioning welding at intervals of 1200mm and are used for positioning the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net, and positioning reinforcing steel bars are subjected to grouping butt welding, so that positioning in two directions is realized. And angle irons are adopted as retaining piles at two ends of each reinforcing steel bar.
The lateral reinforcement mesh laying method is basically the same as that of the bottom reinforcement mesh, and the outer reinforcement mesh is laid first and then the inner reinforcement mesh is laid. And paving the prefabricated reinforcing steel bars in the tool one by one, and adjusting the size. If the gap between the reinforcing steel bars and the tool is too large, the wedge can be used for compaction.
And checking the assembly size of the lateral split reinforcing steel bar net, and welding joints by a certificate-holding welder after the assembly size is qualified. After the welding is completed, the fixture is removed and the longitudinal centerline is marked.
And thirdly, after the lateral reinforcing steel bar net 200 is assembled, the platform is lifted off, and a special balance beam is required to be used for lifting. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, a dedicated balance beam is required for hoisting. The balance beam main beam is I-steel II 212, 2 lifting lugs III 214 are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel II 212, one end of a steel wire rope III 211 is connected with the lifting lugs III 214 through a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope III is hung on a main hook of lifting equipment 801, a plurality of lifting lugs IV 213 are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel II 212, one end of the steel wire rope IV 215 is connected with the lifting lugs IV 213 through a shackle, and the other end of the steel wire rope IV 215 is hung on a lateral reinforcing steel bar net 200 through a claw hook 122.
The claw hook 122 is hooked on the steel bars of the lateral reinforcing mesh 200, the main hook of the lifting device 801 starts to bear force, if the lifting device cannot be lifted freely, if the reinforcing mesh is clung to the tool, tools such as crowbars can be used for pushing the reinforcing mesh from the edge to the inside, and the lateral reinforcing mesh 200 is assisted to be separated from the manufacturing area. Lifting apparatus 801 lifts lateral rebar grid 200 to a designated stacking point.
(4) Prefabricated top rebar grid 300
The top reinforcing mesh 300 is semicircular, two sides are connected with the lateral reinforcing mesh, the top reinforcing mesh 300 is divided into transverse semicircular reinforcing bars 301, longitudinal reinforcing bars 302 and connecting reinforcing bars 303, and reinforcing bars at two ends are connected with the lateral reinforcing bars and are arranged in a staggered manner. Because the top reinforcing mesh is large in size, cannot be directly transported to the installation site, and the lateral reinforcing mesh 200 is installed during installation, and the field space is insufficient, the top reinforcing mesh 300 is split into a left top reinforcing mesh 301 and a right top reinforcing mesh 302 after being integrally assembled in a workshop.
Top reinforcing mesh 300 integral assembly fixture 310: the steel bar is pre-bent into a semicircular arch, the arch end adopts 2m long steel bar as an upright post, the total width exceeds 200mm of the width of the steel bar net, the arc circumferential direction is separated by 2m, the connecting section steel is arranged, the section steel adopts 2m long steel bar, and umbrella-shaped reinforcement is carried out in the arch.
After the integral assembly fixture 310 of the top reinforcing steel bar net 300 is installed, the arch centering is lofted by adopting a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified, the longitudinal and transverse center lines of the reinforcing steel bars and the side lines of the reinforcing steel bar net are determined, and the standard marks are made by adopting sample punching points. For the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, angle irons are adopted, the intervals are 1200mm, and the cross crossing points are close to the edges of the steel mesh (the distance which is 0.5 times of the diameter of the steel bars from the central line) for positioning the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, and positioning steel bars are used for grouping butt welding and positioning in two directions. And the two ends of each steel bar are provided with channel steel as retaining piles. Arc-shaped climbing ladders are adopted up and down on the surface of the semicircular tool. And arranging a reference bottom reinforcing steel bar net assembly tool on the surface positioning section steel.
After the assembly of the top reinforcing steel bar net 300 is completed, the reinforcing steel bars are marked with a center by adopting antirust paint which does not affect concrete pouring.
As shown in fig. 15, the top reinforcement mesh 300 is split into a left top reinforcement mesh 301 and a right top reinforcement mesh 302, and the left top reinforcement mesh 301 and the right top reinforcement mesh 302 are lifted off the platform, and a special balance beam is required for lifting. The hoisting requires the use of a dedicated balance beam. The balance beam main beam is I-steel three 343, 2 lifting lugs five 342 are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel three 343, one end of a steel wire rope five 341 is connected with the lifting lugs five 342 by adopting a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope five 341 is hung on a main hook of lifting equipment 801, if 2 lifting lugs six 344 are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel three 343, one end of the steel wire rope six 345 is connected with the lifting lugs six 344 by adopting the shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope six 345 is connected with a guide chain 346, and the other end of the guide chain 346 is hung on a steel bar net.
The stress state of the steel wire rope is regulated through the guide chain, and the steel bar net is prevented from tilting in the hoisting process. After lifting the rebar grid, either the left top rebar grid 301 or the right top rebar grid 302 is placed on a special bracket 320 by adjusting the price guide length.
As shown in fig. 16, the left top reinforcing mesh 301 and the right top reinforcing mesh 302 are stored and transported by adopting a special support 320, the surface of the special support 320 is arc-shaped, the part of the special support 320 is straight, the curve and inner reinforcing mesh hearts of the left top reinforcing mesh 301 and the right top reinforcing mesh 302 are mutually same, the left top reinforcing mesh 301 and the right top reinforcing mesh 302 are placed on the special support 320, the left top reinforcing mesh 301 and the right top reinforcing mesh 302 can be directly placed in storage without additional reinforcement, and the left top reinforcing mesh 301, the right top reinforcing mesh 302 and the special support 320 are fixed on a vehicle by adopting guide chains and steel ropes in transportation, so that the left top reinforcing mesh 301, the right top reinforcing mesh 302 and the special support 320 are prevented from moving or overturning in the transportation process.
After the reinforcement mesh is manufactured, the reinforcement mesh is transported to a construction site for installation.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the urban gate type tunnel reinforcing steel bar net is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: slicing the reinforcing mesh;
step 2: prefabricating a reinforcing mesh;
the rebar grid includes a bottom rebar grid (100), a lateral rebar grid (200), and a top rebar grid (300).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bottom reinforcement mesh (100) is of a concave structure, the inner reinforcement mesh is close to the center, the outer reinforcement mesh is far away from the center, each reinforcement mesh comprises a horizontal reinforcement mesh surface and vertical reinforcement mesh surfaces arranged at both ends of the horizontal reinforcement mesh surface, and in step 2, when prefabricating the bottom reinforcement mesh (100), the following steps are adopted:
2-1-1) assembling a platform with the length and width exceeding the maximum size of a bottom reinforcing steel bar net (100), paving by using I-steel and steel plates, embedding iron stools or profile steel embedded parts in an assembling site, paving a platform framework by adopting I-steel, arranging the I-steel in a longitudinal direction at intervals, and connecting the I-steel in the longitudinal direction;
2-1-2) after the platform framework is laid, fully welding the I-steel and the I-steel by using a welding line with a certain specification;
2-1-3) paving the top surface of the framework of the platform by using a steel plate, and adopting plug welding between the steel plate and I-steel;
2-1-4) using a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified to lay a sample on a steel platform, determining a longitudinal and transverse central line of the steel bar and a side line of a steel bar net, and using a sample punching point as a reference mark;
2-1-5) prefabricating a bottom reinforcing steel bar net (100), wherein angle irons (110) are used as locating points for locating the bottom longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar nets, a certain distance is reserved between the angle irons (110) and a platform steel plate, the angle irons (110) are located at the cross crossing points close to the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bars and used for locating the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar nets and grouping the reinforcing steel bars for locating in two directions, and the angle irons (110) and the platform steel plate are welded and fixed;
2-1-6) adopting angle irons (110) as blocking piles at two ends of each steel bar, arranging 1 set of adjustable devices (114) at two ends of a bottom steel bar net respectively, and fixing vertical steel bars at transverse ends, wherein the adjustable devices (114) are mainly used for fixing verticality of the transverse steel bar ends and fixing longitudinal steel bars;
2-1-7) firstly paving an outer layer reinforcing steel bar net on a platform, after the outer layer reinforcing steel bar net is laid and fixed on the platform, spot welding, then laying an inner layer reinforcing steel bar net, when the inner layer reinforcing steel bar net is laid, firstly laying connecting reinforcing steel bars (103) between the reinforcing steel bar nets, after the connecting reinforcing steel bars (103) are installed, paving longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bars connected with the connecting reinforcing steel bars (103), and then adopting a steel rule and a powder line to carry out lofting and checking, and arranging the rest reinforcing steel bars;
2-1-8) paving prefabricated steel bars in the tool one by one, adjusting the size of the steel bars one by one, compacting by using wedges if the gap between the steel bars and the tool is too large, and welding joints after checking that the assembly size of the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes is qualified;
2-1-9) after the welding is completed, marking the longitudinal center line and removing the end reinforcing steel bar adjustable device (114), and dismantling the fixing devices such as wedges;
2-1-10) and hanging the bottom reinforcing steel bar net (100) off the platform by adopting a hanging device after the bottom reinforcing steel bar net (100) is assembled.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustable device (114) is used for fixing the perpendicularity of the transverse reinforcement ends of the bottom reinforcement mesh (100), the adjustable device (114) is arranged on both sides of the longitudinal reinforcement at both ends of the bottom reinforcement mesh (100), the adjustable device (114) comprises a vertically arranged supporting rod (1141), the upper end of the supporting rod (1141) is provided with a fixed cylinder (1142), the fixed cylinder (1142) is horizontally arranged and is opened at both ends of the fixed cylinder (1142), a locking member is arranged through one end of the fixed cylinder (1142), the other end of the fixed cylinder is provided with a tightening member, the locking member comprises a handle (1143) and a first connecting member (1144), and the end A of the first connecting member is fixedly connected with the handle (1143); the abutting piece comprises a second connecting piece (1145) and an abutting pressing piece (1146), the B end of the second connecting piece is fixedly connected with one side face of the abutting pressing piece (1146), the B end of the first connecting piece and the A end of the second connecting piece are arranged in a fixed cylinder (1142), the B end of the first connecting piece is in threaded connection with the A end of the second connecting piece, and the first connecting piece (1144) and the second connecting piece (1145) can be made to move away from or approach each other on the same axis through a rotary handle (1143), so that the abutting pressing piece (1146) can be made to abut against or loosen the steel bar end of the bottom steel bar mesh.
4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the hoisting device comprises a balance beam of a bottom reinforcement mesh (100); the balance beam girder is I-steel one (126) to set up 2 lug one (124) in I-steel one (126) upper end, wire rope one (121) one end adopts to break out and is connected with lug one (124), and other one end is hung on 801 hoisting equipment main hooks, and I-steel one (126) lower extreme sets up a plurality of lug two (125), and wire rope two (123) one end adopts to break out and is connected with lug two (125), and the other end adopts claw couple (122) to hang in bottom reinforcing bar net (100), and claw couple (122) are colluded on the reinforcing bar of reinforcing bar net, and tool such as crow bar can be used to promote from edge to inside if the reinforcing bar net is hugged closely to the reinforcing bar net, and the lug two (125) that the balance beam is connected with the reinforcing bar net.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral reinforcement mesh (200) is of planar construction, and in step 2, in prefabricating the lateral reinforcement mesh (200), the following steps are taken:
step 2-2-1), lofting on a steel platform by using a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified, determining a longitudinal and transverse central line of a steel bar and a side line of a steel bar net, and using a sample punching point as a reference mark;
step 2-2-2), positioning welding is carried out at a position of a cross intersection point of the lateral segmented reinforcing steel bar net, which is close to the edge of the steel net, by adopting angle irons at a certain distance for positioning the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel bar net, positioning reinforcing steel bars are subjected to grouping butt welding, positioning in two directions is realized, and two ends of each reinforcing steel bar are provided with profile steel as retaining piles;
step 2-2-3), when the lateral reinforcing steel bar nets are paved, firstly paving an outer reinforcing steel bar net, then paving an inner reinforcing steel bar net, paving prefabricated reinforcing steel bars in the tooling one by one, adjusting the size, and compacting by using wedges if the gap between the reinforcing steel bars and the tooling is overlarge;
step 2-2-4), checking the assembly size of the lateral split reinforcing mesh, and welding joints after the assembly size is qualified; after the welding is completed, removing the fixing device and marking the longitudinal center line;
and 2-2-5) hanging the reinforcing mesh (200) off the platform by adopting a special balance beam after the lateral reinforcing mesh is assembled.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein a special balance beam is required for hoisting, the balance beam main beam comprises a second I-steel (212), 2 lifting lugs III (214) are arranged at the upper end of the second I-steel (212), one end of the third steel wire rope (211) is connected with the lifting lugs III (214) through shackles, the other end of the third steel wire rope is hung on a main hook of hoisting equipment (801), a plurality of lifting lugs IV (213) are arranged at the lower end of the second I-steel (212), one end of the fourth steel wire rope (215) is connected with the lifting lugs IV (213) through shackles, and the other end of the fourth steel wire rope is hung on a lateral reinforcing steel mesh (200) through a claw hook (122);
the claw hook (122) is hooked on the steel bars of the lateral reinforcing steel bar net (200), the main hook of the lifting device (801) starts to bear force, if the lifting device cannot be lifted freely, if the reinforcing steel bar net is clung to a tool, tools such as a crowbar can be used for pushing the reinforcing steel bar net inwards from the edge, the lateral reinforcing steel bar net (200) is assisted to be separated from a manufacturing area, and the lifting device (801) lifts the lateral reinforcing steel bar net (200) to a specified stacking point.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the top reinforcement mesh (300) has an arch structure, two sides of the top reinforcement mesh (300) are connected with the lateral reinforcement mesh, the top reinforcement mesh comprises transverse semicircular reinforcement (301), longitudinal reinforcement (302) and connecting reinforcement (303), the reinforcement at two ends of the top reinforcement mesh (300) are connected with the lateral reinforcement mesh (200) by a staggered joint, in the step 2, the prefabricated top reinforcement mesh (300) is assembled integrally by a positive installation method, and the following steps are adopted:
step 2-3-1) integrally assembling the top reinforcing steel bar net (300) in a workshop, wherein the top reinforcing steel bar net cannot be directly transported to an installation position due to the large size of the top reinforcing steel bar net, and the side reinforcing steel bar net (200) is installed during installation, so that the field space is insufficient, and the left side top reinforcing steel bar net (301) and the right side top reinforcing steel bar net (302) are required to be disassembled after the whole assembly;
after the installation of the integral assembly tooling (310) of the top reinforcing steel bar net (300) in the step 2-3-2) is finished, lofting on an arch frame by adopting a steel ruler and a powder line which are verified to be qualified, determining the longitudinal and transverse center line of the reinforcing steel bar and the side line of the reinforcing steel bar net, and adopting a sample punching point as a reference mark; for the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, angle irons are adopted, a certain distance is reserved, the cross intersection points are close to the edges of the steel mesh for positioning the longitudinal and transverse steel bar meshes, positioning steel bars are subjected to grouping butt welding and are positioned in two directions, channel steel is adopted at two ends of each steel bar as a retaining pile, arc-shaped ladders are adopted up and down on the surface of a semicircular tool, and surface positioning steel bars are arranged to refer to a bottom steel bar mesh assembly tool;
after the assembly of the top reinforcing steel bar net (300) in the step 2-3-4) is completed, adopting antirust paint which does not affect concrete pouring on the reinforcing steel bars as a center mark;
step 2-3-5), disassembling the top reinforcing steel bar net (300) into a left top reinforcing steel bar net (301) and a right top reinforcing steel bar net (302), and hanging the left top reinforcing steel bar net (301) and the right top reinforcing steel bar net (302) from a platform, wherein special balance beams are needed for hanging; a special balance beam is required to be used for hoisting; the balance beam main beam is I-steel three (343), 2 lifting lugs five (342) are arranged at the upper end of the I-steel three (343), one end of a steel wire rope five (341) is connected with the lifting lugs five (342) through a shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope five (341) is hung on a main hook of hoisting equipment (801), if 2 lifting lugs six (344) are arranged at the lower end of the I-steel three (343), one end of a steel wire rope six (345) is connected with the lifting lugs six (344) through the shackle, the other end of the steel wire rope six (345) is connected with a guide chain (346), and the other end of the guide chain (346) is hung on a steel bar net;
the stress state of the steel wire rope is regulated through the guide chain, and the steel wire rope is prevented from tilting in the hoisting process of the reinforcing mesh; after lifting the reinforcing mesh, placing the left side top reinforcing mesh (301) or the right side top reinforcing mesh (302) on a special bracket (320) through adjusting the length of the price guide chain;
step 2-3-6) left side top reinforcing mesh (301) and right side top reinforcing mesh (302), special support (320) is needed to be adopted for storage and transportation, the surface of special support (320) is arc-shaped, the part is straight line, the curve is painful with inner layer reinforcing mesh of left side top reinforcing mesh (301) and right side top reinforcing mesh (302), left side top reinforcing mesh (301) and right side top reinforcing mesh (302) are placed on special support (320), the left side top reinforcing mesh (301) and right side top reinforcing mesh (302) can be directly placed during storage without additional reinforcement, and guide chains and steel wire ropes are adopted to fix left side top reinforcing mesh (301) and right side top reinforcing mesh (302) and special support (320) on a vehicle during transportation, so that movement or overturning in the transportation process is prevented.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the dedicated splicing platform (310) is pre-bent into a semicircular arch with a beam steel, the arch ends are made of beam steel with a certain length, the total width exceeds the width of the reinforcing mesh by a certain distance, the arc circumferential directions are spaced by a certain distance, the connecting section steel is arranged, the section steel is made of beam steel with a certain length, and the inside of the arch is reinforced in an umbrella shape by the section steel.
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